2024年專業(yè)英語四級(jí)真題

專業(yè)英語四級(jí)真題(總分：99.95，做題時(shí)間：90分鐘)壹、PARTⅠDICTATION(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)1.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

對(duì)的答案：()解析：[聽力原文]ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive

Areyouconfidentorinsecureinadifficultsituation?/Doyoureactpositivelyornegatively?/Theanswermaydependinpartonwhomyou"rearound./Astudyfoundthatnegativethinkingcanbecontagiousinsomecases./Forexample,theresearchersstudied103collegeroommates./Theymeasuredeachroommate"stendencytowardsnegativethinking./Itwasfoundthatthinkingpatternscanbecontagious./Studentswithanegativethinkingroommatebecamemoredepressedthemselves,/andstudentswithmorepositivethinkingroommates/weremorelikelytobecomemorepositiveaswell.

由標(biāo)題ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive可知，文章圍繞積極思維與積極感受這壹主題展開?？忌诼牭谝急闀r(shí)不要急于動(dòng)筆，要把握文章整體構(gòu)造，理清思緒。聽完第壹遍可知本文分三部分——通過提問引出文章主題；明示本文觀點(diǎn)，即“身邊眾人的態(tài)度會(huì)影響人的心態(tài)，負(fù)面思維會(huì)傳染”；通過對(duì)103名大學(xué)室友的研究，證明本文觀點(diǎn)。聽第二、三遍錄音時(shí)要按意群來聽，抓住句型和關(guān)鍵詞，逐詞逐句寫出完整的句子。聽最終壹遍錄音時(shí)要邊聽邊校對(duì)，根據(jù)句子的語義、語法構(gòu)造和上下文檢查單復(fù)數(shù)、冠詞等輕易失分的細(xì)節(jié)。

文中出現(xiàn)的易錯(cuò)詞有insecure和contagious。第三句中注意不要遺漏介詞in和on，并且注意該句的最終壹種單詞是around，不要誤聽為round。第六句中注意所有格形式roommate"s，因其前限定詞為each，因此，roommate為單數(shù)，不要將此處誤聽為roommates。此外，由于這項(xiàng)研究是在過去某壹時(shí)段開展的，注意有關(guān)動(dòng)詞要使用壹般過去時(shí)。二、PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00)三、SECTIONATALK(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：success）解析：success[聽力原文]WhatIsGrit?

Goodafternoon,everyone.Today,Iwouldliketotalkaboutmyresearchprojectconcerningthekeytosuccess.Iwouldliketostartmytopicwithmyownstory.

WhenIwas27yearsold,Ileftforademandingjob—teachingseventhgradersmathintheNewYorkCitypublicschools.Andlikeanyteacher,Imadequizzesandtests.Igaveouthomeworkassignments.Whentheworkcameback,Icalculatedgrades.

WhatstruckmewasthatIQwasnottheonlydifferencebetweenmybestandmyworststudents.SomeofmystrongestperformersdidnothavesuperIQscores.Someofmysmartestkidsweren"tdoingsowell.Then,Ifeltveryinterestedinknowingthereasonwhythestudents"mathperformanceisnotthatcloselyrelatedtotheirIQscores.Istartedstudyingkidsandadultsinallkindsofchallengingsettings,andineverystudymyquestionwas,whoissuccessfulhereandwhy.MyresearchteamandIwenttoWestPointMilitaryAcademy.Wetriedtopredictwhichstudentswouldstayinmilitarytrainingandwhichwoulddropout.WewenttotheNationalSpellingContestandtriedtopredictwhichchildrenwouldadvancefurthestincompetition.Weworkedwithprivatecompanies,askingwhichofthesesalespeopleisgoingtokeeptheirjobs,andwho"sgoingtoearnthemostmoney.Wewenttomanyplacesandfinally,onecharacteristicemergedasasignificantpredictorofsuccess.Anditwasn"tsocialintelligence.Itwasn"tgoodlooks,physicalhealth,anditwasn"tIQ.Itwasgrit.

Whatisgrit?Well,gritispassionandperseveranceforverylong-termgoals.Gritisstickingwithyourfuture,dayin,dayout,notjustfortheweek,notjustforthemonth,butforyears,andworkingreallyhardtomakefutureareality.Gritislivingyourlifelikeit"samarathon,notasprint.

Afewyearsago,IstartedstudyinggritintheChicagopublicschools.Iaskedthousandsofhighschooljuniorstotakegritquestionnaires,andthenwaitedaroundmorethanayeartoseewhowouldgraduate.Itturnedoutthatgrittierkidsweresignificantlymorelikelytograduate,evenwhenImatchedthemoneverycharacteristicIcouldmeasure,thingslikefamilyincome,testscores,andsoon.

Tome,themostshockingthingaboutgritishowlittleweknow,howlittlescienceknows,aboutbuildingit.Everyday,parentsandteachersaskme,"HowdoIbuildgritinkids?HowdoIkeepthemmotivatedforthelongrun?"

Ourdatashowsveryclearlythattherearemanytalentedindividualswhosimplydonotfollowthroughontheircommitment.Infact,inourdata,gritisusuallyunrelatedtomeasuresoftalent.

Sofar,thebestideaI"veheardaboutbuildinggritinkidsissomethingcalled"growthmindset".Growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnisnotfixed,thatitcanchangewithyoureffort.Kidswithgritaremuchmorelikelytoperseverewhentheyfail,becausetheydon"tbelievethatfailureisapermanentcondition.

Sogrowthmindsetisagreatideaforbuildinggrit.Butweneedmore.Andthat"swhereI"mgoingtoendmytalk,becausethat"swhereweare.That"stheworkthatstandsbeforeus.Wehavetobewillingtofail,tobewrong,tostartoveragainwithlessonslearned.

Asaconclusion,weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Nexttime,Iwouldliketosharewithyoumyexperienceinbuildingupstudents"grit.

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，講座圍繞“成功的關(guān)鍵”這壹主題展開，故答案為success。解析：challengingsettings細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，為了研究究竟什么才是成功的關(guān)鍵，發(fā)言者研究了在多種具有挑戰(zhàn)性的場(chǎng)景下，孩子和成年人的體現(xiàn)，故答案為challengingsettings。解析：NationalSpellingContest細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，發(fā)言者的研究團(tuán)體研究了全國拼寫比賽的選手，并嘗試預(yù)測(cè)哪些孩子能在比賽中堅(jiān)持到最終，故答案為NationalSpellingContest。解析：passionandperseverance細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是指在實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期目的這壹過程中的激情與堅(jiān)持，故答案為passionandperseverance。解析：futureareality細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是你對(duì)未來的堅(jiān)持，曰復(fù)壹曰，不是僅僅持續(xù)壹周或壹種月，而是年復(fù)壹年的努力奮斗，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)自已對(duì)未來的展望，故答案為futureareality，注意不要遺漏不定冠詞a。解析：marathon細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，毅力是把生活當(dāng)作壹場(chǎng)馬拉松，而不是壹次短跑，故答案為marathon。解析：grittier細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，在芝加哥公立學(xué)校的研究成果證明，更有毅力的學(xué)生明顯在畢業(yè)概率上占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，故答案為grittier。解析：measuresoftalent細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，實(shí)際上，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)來看，毅力壹般與衡量才華的原則無關(guān)，故答案為measuresoftalent。解析：9notfixed/changeable細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，成長(zhǎng)型思維模式是指人的學(xué)習(xí)能力不是壹成不變的，它會(huì)伴隨你的努力程度而發(fā)生變化，故答案為notfixed或changeable。解析：atemporarycondition概括題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，擁有毅力這壹品質(zhì)的孩子們?cè)谑♂岣幸苍S繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持，由于他們并不認(rèn)為失敗是壹種長(zhǎng)期不變的狀態(tài)。根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)規(guī)定，答案可概括為atemporarycondition。四、SECTIONBCONVERSATIONS(總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00)五、ConversationOne(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00)（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）

A.Totellthemanthathehasbeenshortlistedforinterview.

B.Toaskthemanafewquestionsabouthisinterview.

C.Toexplaintothemanhowtomakeapresentation.

D.Totellthemantheprocedureoftheinterview.

√解析：[聽力原文]

W:Hello,thisisKateSmith.I"mcallingfromABCCompany.

M:Oh,hello,Kate.Greattohearfromyou.

W:You"vealreadybeentoldthatyou"vebeenshortlistedforinterview.

M:Oh,yes.

W:Well,weareveryexcitedaboutmeetingyou.OK,Ijustwanttotalkyouthroughtheprocedurefortheday.Someonewillmeetyouwhenyouarrive,andthenbringyouuptomeetmyselfandArthurMiller,theCEO.

M:OK,soundsgood.Sowillyoubetheonlymembersoftheinterviewpaneltherethen?

W:Yes,it"llbejustmeandArthurwhowilltalktoyou.Theinterviewwillbeinthreeparts.Firstofall,we"llaskyousomegeneralquestionsaboutyourselfandyoureducationalandprofessionalbackground,andthenwe"llmoveontospecifics.

M:Oh,er,specifics?Well,er...whatkindofquestionswillyoubeasking?

W:Well,it"llbeverysimilartothepersonalstatementyousubmittedwithyourCV.We"llbeexpectingyouto...togiveactualexamplesofproblemsyou"vefacedandsolved,andofwhatyoufeelarethemajorsuccessesinyourcareersofar.

M:OK,well.Yeah,thatsoundsgreat.Can"twait!

W:Thenthere"llbeachanceforyoutoaskusanyquestions—aboutthejobitself,orABCCompanyingeneral.

M:Oh,um...OK.I"llthinkofsomething!

W:Afterthat,we"dlikeyoutogiveashortpresentationonhowyouseeABCasacompanyprogressing,andhowyouseeyourselftakingusthere.

M:OK,sowillIbeexpectedtogivelikeaformalstylepresentation?

W:Itcanbeasformalorinformalasyoulike.There"llbeacomputerandadataprojectorthereavailable.Ifyouneedanythingelse,justletusknow.

M:Oh,um...OK,apresentation!I"llthinkofsomething.Ihaven"tdoneoneofthoseinawhile.

W:Isthatallclear?

M:Yes.

W:Great.So,Daniel,I"llseeyouat11a.m.,Thursdaynextweek.

M:OK,great.Ilookforwardtomeetingyou!Thanks,bye.

W:Bye.

Whydoesthewomancalltheman?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士給男士打電話的目的是想要與男士溝通壹下面試當(dāng)曰的整個(gè)流程，因此D為答案。

A.Questionsrelatedtothejob.

√

B.Generalquestionsabouthimself.

C.SpecificquestionsabouthisCV.

D.Questionsabouthisfutureplan.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatkindofquestionscanthemanaskintheinterview?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士稱，男士有機(jī)會(huì)向面試方提出任何問題，可以有關(guān)工作自身，也可以有關(guān)ABC企業(yè)的概況，故A為答案。

A.Questionsfromtheinterviewers.

B.Questionsfromtheinterviewee.

C.Presentationfromtheinterviewee.

√

D.Requestsfromtheinterviewee.解析：[聽力原文]

Whichisthelastpartoftheinterview?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，在完畢雙方問答環(huán)節(jié)後，面試方還但愿男士可以做壹種簡(jiǎn)短的陳說，因此C為答案。

A.Educationalandprofessionalbackground.

B.Problemshehasfacedandsolved.

C.Majorsuccessesinhiscareersofar.

D.Companyfutureandhiscontribution.

√解析：[聽力原文]

Whatmightbeexpectedfromtheman"spresentation?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，面試方期望男士在陳說中論述壹下他對(duì)ABC企業(yè)發(fā)展前景的見解以及他在企業(yè)未來發(fā)展中可以做出的奉獻(xiàn)，因此D為答案。

A.11a.m.,nextTuesday.

B.11a.m.,nextThursday.

√

C.9a.m.,thisTuesday.

D.9a.m.,thisThursday.解析：[聽力原文]

Whenistheinterviewscheduled?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女士稱將在下周四上午拾壹點(diǎn)與男士會(huì)面，因此面試時(shí)間為下周四上午拾壹點(diǎn)，故B為答案。六、ConversationTwo(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00)（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）

A.Thedisadvantagesofcollegeloans.

B.Governmentfinancingincollegeeducation.

C.Howtohandletheproblemofcollegeloans.

√

D.Howcollegestudentspayfortheireducation.解析：[聽力原文]

W:Itsaysagrowingnumberofstudentsaremakingamajorholefromtheminutetheyentertherealworldbecausetheyarealready,someofthem,morethan100,000dollarsindebt.WithusnowisMarkSpenser.HeistheseniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Welcometoyou.

M:Thankyou.Nicetobewithyou.

W:Now,Iguesstherearetwokindsofdebts,gooddebtandbaddebt.Wheredoesthisgo?

M:Well,studentloandebtistraditionallyconsideredgooddebt,buttheproblemformanystudentsandtheirfamiliesisthatthecostofcollegeshasbeengoingupat6to8percentayear,farfasterthantheincome,farfasterthanthestandardofliving.Thatmeansdebt"stakingonabiggerandbiggerroleinfinancingeducation.

W:Howmuchdebtistoomuchdebtfor...foronestudent?

M:Well,oneguidelineisthatyoulookatthefirstyearsalaryinyourfieldaftergraduation,andusethatasabarometer,buteventhen...

W:Isthatright?

M:Well,youaretalkingbigpaymentseveninthatinstance,forexample,30,000dollarsworthofdebt.Ifyouaregonnarepaythatover10years,youaretalkingmorethan300dollarsamonththat,inpaymentseverymonthfor10years.

W:Butthereissurelymorethanonewaytogetaloanforcollege.Therearegovernmentprograms.Therearesomanykindsofgrants.What"s...what"sthebestadviceforpeoplewhoarelookingfortheseloanstotrytokeepthemselvesfromgoingunder?

M:Iunderstandthatloansarejustonewayofcollegefinance.Takeadvantageoftheotheropportunities.Thingslikeacollegesavingsplanlet...letyousaveonataxadvantagebasis.Soyoucanputmoneyawayintheseaccountsandwithdrawtax-freetopayforthateducation.

W:So,it"simportanttostartearlyandthatreallyreducesthatrelianceondebtlater.

M:Anotherthing,leavenostoneunturned,lookingatgrants,scholarships,evenon-campusjobs.Imeaneverydollaryougetthatwayisseenasanotherdollaryoudon"thavetoborrowlater.

W:Thekindsofjobsthatsomanystudents,freshoffstudents,liketogointo,er,charitystuff,volunteerwork.Thisdebtiseliminatingalotofthat,isn"tit?

M:Ithinkthat"sthesocialcost.Really,Imean...youknow,whenyouconsiderthat,youknow,peoplemaypassuparewardingcareerincharitablework,ornon-profitorganizationbecausetheyhavetogetahighersalarysomeplaceelsetopayoffthatdebt.

W:Yeah,that"sforsure.MarkSpenser,seniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Mark,goodyoucouldbehere.

M:Thankyou.

Whatistheinterviewmainlyabout?

主旨題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，對(duì)話提到學(xué)生貸款的最高額度，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，學(xué)生可以通過多種渠道獲取貸款，聽力原文提到學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)嘗試通過助學(xué)金、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、校內(nèi)工作機(jī)會(huì)等渠道來減少負(fù)債。綜合來看，對(duì)話圍繞應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣處理大學(xué)貸款問題展開，因此C為答案。對(duì)話中并沒有過多地談?wù)搶W(xué)生貸款的不利方面，故排除A；對(duì)話中并未提及政府資助，故排除B；對(duì)話中并沒有列舉學(xué)生實(shí)際支付教育費(fèi)用的方式，故排除D。

A.Ithasincreasedby6to8%.

√

B.Ithasincreasedby8to10%.

C.Ithasdecreasedby6to8%.

D.Ithasdecreasedby8to10%.解析：[聽力原文]

Howdoesthecostofcollegeeducationchangeeveryyear?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，大學(xué)教育費(fèi)用每年都會(huì)上漲6%到8%，因此A為答案。

A.Student"sfamilyincome.

B.Firstyearsalaryaftergraduation.

√

C.Afixedamountof30,000dollars.

D.Paymentinthenexttenyears.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatisusedtomeasurestudentloandebtasaguideline?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，判斷學(xué)生貸款數(shù)目與否太高的壹種指導(dǎo)原則就是參照你所在行業(yè)畢業(yè)後第壹年的收入，并把它當(dāng)作壹種晴雨表，因此B為答案。

A.Studentscanborrowmoneyfirst.

B.Studentspaynotaxonsavings.

C.Studentspaylesstaxaftergraduation.

D.Studentswithdrawwithoutpayingtax.

√解析：[聽力原文]

Whatistheadvantageofjoiningacollegesavingsplan?

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，高校儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃可以使人們由于免稅而省錢，因此可以先將錢存入這些賬戶，然後不用繳納稅款就可以取款，以此來支付學(xué)費(fèi)，因此D為答案。

A.Givingupcharitableorvolunteerwork.

√

B.Neglectingtheirstudyatcollege.

C.Givingupfurthereducation.

D.Neglectinghighsalaryinjob-seeking.解析：[聽力原文]

Whatisthepossiblesocialcostofacollegeloan?

推斷題。由聽力原文可知，女士提到了某些有關(guān)慈善工作和志愿工作的問題，男士說這是社會(huì)成本；由聽力原文可知，男士認(rèn)為人們會(huì)放棄在慈善機(jī)構(gòu)或非盈利組織中故意義的工作，由于他們?yōu)榱诉€清債務(wù)，必須選擇其他工資更高的地方，因此A為答案。七、PARTⅢLANGUAGEKNOWLEDGE(總題數(shù)：20，分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00)2.HowcanIconcentrateifyou______continually______mewithsillyquestions?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.errupted

√

B.errupted

C.errupting

D.errupting解析：時(shí)態(tài)題。本句中，continually壹詞表明interrupt這壹動(dòng)作反復(fù)進(jìn)行。表達(dá)不停反復(fù)的動(dòng)作可以用目前進(jìn)行時(shí)或目前完畢時(shí)。目前進(jìn)行時(shí)用于少數(shù)瞬間動(dòng)詞，可表達(dá)不停反復(fù)的動(dòng)作；目前完畢時(shí)?？杀磉_(dá)過去反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，常與always，often，manytimes等狀語連用。結(jié)合本句句意可知，“打擾”這壹動(dòng)作持續(xù)了壹段時(shí)間，在過去反復(fù)進(jìn)行，并且對(duì)目前導(dǎo)致影響，符合目前完畢時(shí)的使用方法，故本題答案為A。選項(xiàng)B語態(tài)不對(duì)，選項(xiàng)C時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)，均可排除；本句只是陳說事實(shí)，不波及虛擬語氣，若選D，則主從句時(shí)態(tài)不壹致，排除D。3.Amongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentence______expressesthehighestdegreeofpossibility.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

B.Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

C.Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

D.Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

√解析：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞題。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中，除了need和dare以外，其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞都可以表達(dá)也許性，不過它們表達(dá)也許性的程度不壹樣，按照從弱到強(qiáng)、從或然性到必然性排列依次是：might，may，could，can，should，oughtto，would，must，因此D為答案。4.Sheisabetterspeakerthan______intheclass.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.anyboy

√

B.theotherboys

C.otheranygirl

D.allthegirls解析：限定詞使用方法題。根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)可知，題干中的she要么是與班上其他女孩進(jìn)行比較，要么是與班上所有男孩進(jìn)行比較。指在同壹范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的所有其他的人或事物，用“theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，B中的boys改為girls才是同壹范圍，因此排除B；指在同壹范圍內(nèi)除了某人或某物以外的任何壹種人或事物，用“anyother+單數(shù)名詞”或者“anyoftheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，如：ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.故排除C和D；相比較的兩者不在同壹范圍或不屬于同壹類別時(shí)，則不用other，如：ShanghaiislargerthananycityinIndia.此時(shí)any與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞搭配，則相稱于every，表達(dá)全體中的“任何壹種”，因此A為答案。5.Nobodyheardhimsing,______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.didone

B.didhe

C.didn"tthey

D.didthey

√解析：反意疑問句題。反意疑問句由兩部分構(gòu)成：前壹部分是壹種陳說句，後壹部分是壹種簡(jiǎn)短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持壹致。疑問句的主語和陳說部分的主語保持壹致，都用主格形式，當(dāng)陳說部分的主語是one時(shí)，背面的疑問句才用one(或者h(yuǎn)e)，故排除A；反意疑問句重要有兩種形式：陳說部分肯定式+疑問部分否認(rèn)式(前肯後否)；陳說部分否認(rèn)式+疑問部分肯定式(前否後肯)，題干中陳說部分的主語nobody為否認(rèn)詞，因此疑問部分應(yīng)當(dāng)用肯定式，故排除C；當(dāng)陳說部分的主語是somebody，someone，everybody，everyone，nobody等不定代詞時(shí)，其疑問部分的主語用they，因此D為答案，同步排除B。6.Ican"tputupwith______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.thatfriendofyou

B.thatfriendofyours

√

C.thefriendofyou

D.thefriendofyours解析：限定詞使用方法題。名詞性物主代詞修飾名詞時(shí)，不可與a，an，this，that等詞壹起前置，必須使用雙重所有格(即of+名詞性物主代詞)作定語放在名詞背面，其構(gòu)成形式為：a/an/this/that+名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞，因此B為答案。此類構(gòu)造中，名詞前壹般不用the，排除D。7.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberof______inprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.manteacher

B.menteacher

C.manteachers

D.menteachers

√解析：名詞使用方法題?！癮numberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，意為“大量……，許多……”，故排除A和B；名詞修飾名詞時(shí)，壹般狀況下，不管被修飾的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，作定語用的名詞壹律用單數(shù)形式，但由man或woman作定語修飾名詞時(shí)，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式由它背面的名詞來決定，背面的名詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，man或woman用單數(shù)形式；背面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，則用復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此D為答案。8.Thisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.beingmentioned

B.mentioning

√

C.tomention

D.formention解析：非謂語動(dòng)詞題。deserve意為“應(yīng)得，值得”，其後接不定式，若背面所接的動(dòng)詞表達(dá)積極意義，則用不定式的積極式todo；若背面所接的動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式tobedone或者動(dòng)名詞doing(即用積極形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義)。類似的動(dòng)詞尚有need，want和require等。題干中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞issues，作從句主語，根據(jù)句意，“問題”應(yīng)當(dāng)是“值得被提到”，因此B為答案，即mentioning積極形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。9.Theaudience______excitedonseeing______favoritestarglideontothestage.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.were...their

√

B.were...its

C.was...their

D.was...one"s解析：主謂壹致題。本題考察的是集體名詞作主語時(shí)的主謂壹致問題。audience屬于集體名詞，形式為單數(shù)，但意義有單、復(fù)數(shù)之分：若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，表達(dá)單數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)其個(gè)體組員，表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。在使用此類集體名詞時(shí)應(yīng)尤其注意的是，在壹種句子中前後意義不可自相矛盾，即集體名詞用作單數(shù)時(shí)，除了接單數(shù)動(dòng)詞外，對(duì)應(yīng)的人稱代詞或補(bǔ)足語也要用單數(shù)，反之則用復(fù)數(shù)，因此A為答案。10.______youradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Hadn"titbeenfor

B.Haditnotbeenfor

√

C.Haditbeenfor

D.Hadnotitbeenfor解析：虛擬語氣題。在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，句型ifithadn"tbeenfor表達(dá)與過去的事實(shí)相反，意為“要不是，若非”，根據(jù)句意，排除C；當(dāng)虛擬條件句的從句部分具有were，should或had時(shí)，可省略if，把were，should或had挪至從句句首，構(gòu)成倒裝構(gòu)造。若從句為否認(rèn)句，否認(rèn)詞not應(yīng)置于主語之後，而不能與were，should或had等縮略成Weren"t，Shouldn"t或Hadn"t置于句首，因此B為答案。11.ThesentenceIwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoneyexpressesthespeaker"s______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.hope

B.joy

C.regret

√

D.relief解析：虛擬語氣題。動(dòng)詞wish後接賓語從句時(shí)，從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。若表達(dá)與目前事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句謂語用壹般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；若對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情表達(dá)遺憾或懊悔，從句謂語用過去完畢時(shí)或would/couldhavedone；若對(duì)未來發(fā)生的事情表達(dá)祝愿或愿望時(shí)，從句謂語用would/coulddo。題干中wish之後的賓語從句是過去完畢時(shí)，并且句意也表明說話人對(duì)自已之前亂花錢感到非常懊悔，因此C為答案。12.TheAttorneyGeneralorderedafederalautopsyofBrown"sbody,seekingto______thefamilyandcommunitytherewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.ensure

B.insure

C.assure

√

D.ascertain解析：動(dòng)詞辨析題。A．ensure意為“保證，保證”，即保證某事發(fā)生(tomakesurethatsth.happens)，其後往往不跟間接賓語sb.，常用構(gòu)造為：①ensuresth.；②ensure+that-clause；③ensure+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語；B．insure意為“投?！?，與題意不符；C．a(chǎn)ssure意為“向……保證，使……確信”，即向某人保證某事將要發(fā)生，既可以用來確證某事，也可以表達(dá)使某人確信，assure的賓語壹般是人或人稱代詞，其後不能直接跟that-clause，常用構(gòu)造為：①assuresb.+that-clause；②assuresb.ofsth.；D．a(chǎn)scertain意為“確定，查明”，壹般指意識(shí)到了自已的無知之後通過故意識(shí)的努力來弄清真相或找出事實(shí)，與題意不符。題干中，thefamilyandcommunity為間接賓語，therewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath為省略了that的從句，作直接賓語，因此C為答案。13.Thepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofanunarmedmananditshandlingofthe______.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.consequence

B.outcome

C.result

D.aftermath

√解析：名詞辨析題。A．consequence意為“成果；後果”，多指隨某壹事件引起的，必然或自然的不良成果，但也可用于表達(dá)某抽象概念的成果，此時(shí)可與result互換；B．outcome意為“成果，結(jié)局”，指預(yù)先不懂得的成果或結(jié)局；C．result意為“成果”，壹般用詞，含義廣泛，指做某事產(chǎn)生的直接成果，或指某抽象概念的成果；D．a(chǎn)ftermath意為“後果，余波”，指發(fā)生天災(zāi)人禍之後隨之而來的不良的，甚至更嚴(yán)重的後果或余波，如：dealwiththeaftermathofthetrafficaccident(處理這次交通事故的善後工作)。根據(jù)句意，警察部門飽受訓(xùn)斥并非是由于其對(duì)男子死亡事件成果的處理，而是對(duì)該事件後續(xù)工作的處理，因此D為答案。14.TheForeignSecretarytriedto______doubtsabouthishandlingofthecrisis.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.dispel

√

B.expel

C.repel

D.quell解析：動(dòng)詞辨析題。A．dispel意為“消除”，即tomakesth.，especiallyafeelingorbelief，goawayordisappear，原指壹物使另壹物分散消失，從“驅(qū)散”引申出“消除”疑慮、恐驚、誤會(huì)等，根據(jù)句意，A為答案。B．expel意為“驅(qū)逐；開除”，與題意不符；C．repel意為“抵制；使……厭惡”，與題意不符；D．quell意為“制止；平息；彈壓”，即toendasituationinwhichpeoplearebehavingviolentlyorprotesting,especiallybyusingforce，雖然quell也有“消除”之意，但壹般用在文學(xué)中，且結(jié)合本題句意和搭配可知，quell不如dispel合適，故排除。15.Mutualfundsarethusbestforinvestorswhodon"twanttotakethetimetostudystocksindetailorwho______theresourcestobuildaportfolio.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.deprive

B.lack

√

C.yearn

D.attain解析：動(dòng)詞辨析題。A．deprive意為“使……喪失，剝奪”，常用構(gòu)造為deprivesb.ofsth.；B．lack意為“缺乏”；C．yearn意為“渴望”，常用構(gòu)造為yearnforsth./sb.或yearntodosth.；D．a(chǎn)ttain意為“得到，獲得”。該句中，or連接了兩個(gè)定語從句，or連接并列構(gòu)造時(shí)，前後兩個(gè)成分必須壹致，第壹種定語從句為否認(rèn)句，第二個(gè)定語從句也應(yīng)表達(dá)否認(rèn)含義，故根據(jù)句意，B為答案。16.Chrisran______Johnatasporting-goodstradeshowandthetwoquicklystruck______aneasyrapport.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.into...up

√

B.o

C.across...on

D.o解析：詞組辨析題。runinto意為“偶爾遇見；撞上”，strikeup意為“建立(友誼，關(guān)系等)；開始演奏(樂曲)”；runon意為“持續(xù)(超過預(yù)定的時(shí)間)”，strikeinto意為“忽然進(jìn)入；忽然開始”；runacross意為“偶爾遇見；跑著穿過”，strikeon意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；想出”；runagainst意為“偶爾遇見；與……相撞”。根據(jù)句意，A為答案。17."Iamleavingthecountrysoon,"hetolda______convenedgroupofreporters.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.especially

B.particularly

C.specially

√

D.specifically解析：副詞辨析題。A．especially意為“尤其，尤其是”，相稱于inparticular，表達(dá)某事物在意義、程度、重要性上超過其他事物，突出到“尤其地”的程度，壹般用來對(duì)前面所述的事件進(jìn)行深入闡明或補(bǔ)充，多用于正式文體；B．particularly意為“尤其地”，往往著重闡明與同類事物不壹樣的個(gè)別事物；C．specially意為“特意地，專門地”，相稱于onpurpose，表達(dá)為了某壹特定目的而“特意”或“專門”采用某壹方式做某事；D．specifically意為“明確地，詳細(xì)地”，相稱于indetail，給出詳細(xì)的信息。根據(jù)句意，C為答案。18.IsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingthe______ceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.contemporary

B.makeshift

C.spontaneous

D.temporary

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．contemporary意為“現(xiàn)代的，同步代的”；B．makeshift意為“臨時(shí)替代的，權(quán)宜的”，如：Theymadeamakeshifttablefromboxes.(他們把箱子做成壹張臨時(shí)用的桌子。)C．spontaneous意為“自發(fā)的，自然的”；D．temporary意為“臨時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的”，即lastingorintendedtolastonlyforashorttime，如：temporarywork(臨時(shí)工作)。根據(jù)句意，D為答案。19.______tounpluggingthealarmclockandtrustingyourabilitytowakeontimeonyourown,youshouldprobablyeaseyourselfintothenewarrangementbykeepingaveryregularscheduleforseveralweeks.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.Due

B.Prior

√

C.Related

D.Thanks解析：詞組辨析題。dueto意為“由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語；priorto意為“在……之前”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語；relatedto意為“與……有關(guān)”，引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語；thanksto意為“由于，幸虧”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語。根據(jù)句意，B為答案。20.Ifyouareanathlete,strongabdominalmuscleshelpyouensureastrongbackandfreedomfrominjuryduring______upper-bodymovement.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.valiant

B.variable

C.vigilant

D.vigorous

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．valiant意為“英勇的，勇敢的”；B．variable意為“多變的，易變的”；C．vigilant意為“警惕的，警醒的”；D．vigorous意為“強(qiáng)有力的(運(yùn)動(dòng)、活動(dòng))；精力充沛的(人)”。根據(jù)句意，D為答案。21.Finningisacruel______inwhichtheshark"sfinsareloppedoff,andthelivesharkisthrownbacktosea.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00）

A.reality

B.truth

C.practice

√

D.skill解析：名詞辨析題。A．reality用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“事實(shí)；實(shí)際經(jīng)歷”；B．truth用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“真理”；C．practice意為“做法，行為”；D．skill意為“技能，技術(shù)”。根據(jù)句意，C為答案。八、PARTⅣCLOZE(總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)A.ampleB.combinationsC.directlyD.disseminatedE.generations

F.genuinelyG.insteadH.listsI.promulgatedJ.publicized

K.scantL.shapedM.sophisticatedN.transplantedO.virtual

Imagineaworldwithoutwriting.Obviouslytherewouldbenobooks:nonovels,noencyclopedias,nocookbooks,notextbooks,notelephonebooks,noscriptures,nodiaries,notravelguides.Therewouldbenoball-points,notypewriters,nocomputers,noInternet,nomagazines,nomoviecredits,noshoppinglists,nonewspapers,notaxreturns.Butsuch1ofobjectsalmostmissthepoint.Theworldweliveinhasbeenindeliblymarkedbythewrittenword,2bythetechnologyofwritingoverthousandsofyears.Ancientkingsproclaimedtheirauthorityand3theirlawsinwriting.Scribesadministeredgreatempiresbywriting,theirknowledgeofrecordingandretrievinginformationessentialtogoverningcomplexsocieties.Religioustraditionswerepassedonthrough4,andspreadtoothers,inwriting.Scientificandtechnologicalprogresswasachievedand5throughwriting.Accountsintradeandcommercecouldbekeptbecauseofwriting.Nearlyeverystepofcivilizationhasbeenmediatedthroughwriting.Aworldwithoutwritingwouldbear6resemblancetotheonewenowlivein.Writingisa7necessitytothesocietiesanthropologistscallcivilizations.Acivilizationisdistinguishedfromothersocietiesbythecomplexityofitssocialorganization,byitsconstructionofcitiesandlargepublicbuildings,andbytheeconomicspecializationofitsmembers,manyofwhomarenot8involvedinfoodprocurementorproduction.Acivilization,withitstaxationandtributesystems,itstradeanditspublicworks,requiresa9systemofrecordkeeping.AndsotheearlycivilizationsofEgypt,China,and(probably)Indiaalldevelopedasystemofwriting.OnlythePeruviancivilizationoftheIncasandtheirpredecessorsdidnotusewritingbut10inventedasystemofkeepingrecordsonknottedcolor-codedstringsknownasquipu.（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）解析：H空格前面是such，背面是介詞of，因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞。由空格句之前的兩個(gè)存在句可知，沒有文字，世界上就沒有許多東西，再根據(jù)上下文可推斷，此處應(yīng)填入lists“清單”，指代上文羅列的物品，故H為答案。解析：L分析句子構(gòu)造可知，逗號(hào)之前是完整的被動(dòng)句，因此逗號(hào)之後的成分應(yīng)是狀語或定語，結(jié)合空格後的bythetechnolog