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高考英語閱讀理解高頻詞匯超詳細(xì)梳理(現(xiàn)代化產(chǎn)業(yè)類)
單詞詳解
1.technology/tek'nDl9d3i/(n.)技術(shù),工藝
I句:Moderntechnologyhasgreatlyimprovedtheefficiencyofindustrialproduction.(現(xiàn)代技術(shù)
極大地提高了工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的效率。)
同義詞:technique,science,skill
反義詞:tradition,outdatedmethods
搭配:advancedtechnology(先進(jìn)技術(shù)),informationtechnology(信息技術(shù)),developnew
technologies(開發(fā)新技術(shù))
拓展詞組:technologicaladvancement(技術(shù)進(jìn)步),technologicalrevolution(技術(shù)革命)
易錯點撥:technology是不可數(shù)名詞,指技術(shù)的總稱,不要說"atechnology".
辨析例句:Technologyreferstothepracticalapplicationofscientificknowledge,whilescience
focusesonthetheoreticalunderstandingofthenaturalworld.(技術(shù)是指科學(xué)知識的實際應(yīng)用,
而科學(xué)則側(cè)重于對自然世界的理論理解。)
2.industry/'indsstri/fn.)工業(yè),產(chǎn)業(yè)
例句:Theautomobileindustryisamajordriverofeconomicgrowth.(汽車工業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的主
要動力。)
同義詞:manufacturing,production,business
反義詞:agriculture,servicesector
搭配:heavyindustry(重工業(yè)),lightindustry(輕工業(yè)),industrialdevelopment(工業(yè)發(fā)展)
拓展詞組:industrialrevolution(工業(yè)革命),industrialpark(工業(yè)園區(qū))
易錯點撥:industry是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的行業(yè)或產(chǎn)業(yè),例如"thesteelindustry".
辨析例句:Industryreferstotheproductionofgoods,whilebusinessencompassesawiderrange
ofactivitiesincludingtradeandservices.(工業(yè)是指商品的生產(chǎn),而商業(yè)則涵蓋更廣泛的活動,
包括貿(mào)易和服務(wù)。)
3.digital/'didsitl/(adj.)數(shù)字的,數(shù)碼的
快!|句:Digitaltechnologyhastransformedthewaywecommunicateandaccessinformation.(數(shù)
字技術(shù)改變了我們溝通和獲取信息的方式。)
同義詞:electronic,computerized,numerical
反義詞:analog,traditional
搭配:digitaleconomy(數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)),digitaltransformation(數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型),digitaldevice(數(shù)字設(shè)備)
拓展詞組:digitalrevolution(數(shù)字革命),digitalliteracy(數(shù)字素養(yǎng))
易錯點撥:digital作形容詞使用,不要說"adigital".
辨析例句:Digitalsignalsarediscreteandrepresentedbybinarycode,whileanalogsignalsare
continuousandvarysmoothly.(數(shù)字信號是離散的,由二進(jìn)制代碼表示,而模擬信號是連續(xù)的,
平滑變化。)
4.information/jnfs'meijn/(n.)信息
例句:Accesstoaccurateandtimelyinformationiscrucialforbusinessestomakeinformed
decisions.(獲取準(zhǔn)確及時的信息對于企業(yè)做出明智的決策至關(guān)重要。)
同義詞:data,knowledge,news
反義詞:ignorance,misinformation
搭配:informationtechnology(信息技術(shù)),informationage(信息時代),shareinformation(分享
信息)
拓展詞組:informationoverload(信息超載),informationsecurity(信息安全)
易錯點撥:information是不可數(shù)名詞,不要說"aninformation".
辨析例句:Informationisprocesseddatathatismeaningfulandrelevant,whiledatareferstoraw,
unprocessedfactsandfigures.(信息是經(jīng)過處理的數(shù)據(jù),有意義且相關(guān),而數(shù)據(jù)是指未經(jīng)處理
的事實和數(shù)字。)
5.computer/k9m'pjuit9(r)/(n.)計算機(jī),電腦
I句:Computersplayavitalroleinmodernindustry,fromdesignandmanufacturingtodata
analysisandautomation.(從設(shè)計和制造到數(shù)據(jù)分析和自動化,計算機(jī)在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)中發(fā)揮著至
關(guān)重要的作用。)
同義詞:PC,laptop,desktop
搭配:computerscience(計算機(jī)科學(xué)),computertechnology(計算機(jī)技術(shù)),useacomputer(使
用電腦)
拓展詞組:computernetwork(計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)),computerprogram(計算機(jī)程序)
易錯點撥:computer是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的計算機(jī)設(shè)備,例如"apersonalcomputer".
串t己色!J句:Computerscomputecomplexcalculations,makingthemindispensabletoolsinvarious
industries.(計算機(jī)進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的計算,使其成為各行各業(yè)不可或缺的工具。)
6.software/'softwesfr)/(n.)軟件
例句:Advancedsoftwareisessentialforoperatingcomplexmachineryandautomating
productionprocesses.(先進(jìn)的軟件對于操作復(fù)雜機(jī)器和自動化生產(chǎn)過程至關(guān)重要。)
同義詞:program,application,system
搭配:computersoftware(計算機(jī)軟件),developsoftware(開發(fā)軟件),installsoftware(安裝軟
件)
拓展詞組:softwareengineer(軟件工程師),softwaredevelopment(軟件開發(fā))
易錯點撥:software是不可數(shù)名詞,不要說"asoftware".
辨析例句:Softwareprovidesinstructionsforthecomputerhardware,whilehardwarerefersto
thephysicalcomponentsofthecomputersystem.(軟件為計算機(jī)硬件提供指令,而硬件是指計
算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的物理組件。)
7.network/'netw3:k/(n.)網(wǎng)絡(luò)
例句:Businessesrelyonsecureandreliablenetworkstoconnectwithcustomersandpartners
aroundtheworld.(企業(yè)依靠安全可靠的網(wǎng)絡(luò)與世界各地的客戶和合作伙伴聯(lián)系。)
同義詞:system,web,connection
搭配:computernetwork(計算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)),socialnetwork(社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)),networkinfrastructure(網(wǎng)絡(luò)
基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)
拓展詞組:networksecurity(網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全),networkadministrator(網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員)
易錯點撥:network可以指具體的網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng),也可以指抽象的網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系,例如人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
串t己快!I句:Networksconnectnumerousnodes,facilitatingcommunicationandcollaborationin
thedigitalage.(網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接眾多節(jié)點,促進(jìn)了數(shù)字時代的溝通與協(xié)作。)
8.database/'deitabeis/(n.)數(shù)據(jù)庫
例句:Companiesstoreandmanagevastamountsofdataindatabasestoanalyzetrendsand
makeinformeddecisions.(公司在數(shù)據(jù)庫中存儲和管理大量數(shù)據(jù),以分析趨勢并做出明智的決
策。)
同義詞:databank,informationrepository
搭配:buildadatabase(建立數(shù)據(jù)庫),accessadatabase(訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫),manageadatabase(管理
數(shù)據(jù)庫)
拓展詞組:databasemanagementsystem(數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)),databaseadministrator(數(shù)據(jù)庫管
理員)
易錯點撥:database通常指電子化的數(shù)據(jù)庫,而非傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)檔案。
辨析例句:Adatabaseisanorganizedcollectionofstructureddata,whileadatawarehouse
storeslargeamountsofdataforanalysisandreportingpurposes.(數(shù)據(jù)庫是有組織的結(jié)構(gòu)化數(shù)
據(jù)集合,而數(shù)據(jù)倉庫則存儲大量數(shù)據(jù)以進(jìn)行分析和報告。)
9.robot/'raobot/(n.)機(jī)器人
快U句:Robotsareincreasinglyusedinmanufacturingtoperformrepetitivetaskswithhigh
precisionandefficiency.(機(jī)器人越來越多地用于制造業(yè),以高精度和高效率執(zhí)行重復(fù)性任
務(wù)。)
同義詞:automaton,android,machine
搭配:industrialrobots(工業(yè)機(jī)器人),servicerobots(服務(wù)機(jī)器人),robottechnology(機(jī)器人技
術(shù))
拓展詞組:roboticarm(機(jī)械手臂),roboticsurgery(機(jī)器人手術(shù))
易錯點撥:robot指的是可編程的自動化機(jī)器,不要與一般的機(jī)器混淆。
串記例句:Robotsreplicatehumanactionswithrobotics,revolutionizingindustrieslike
manufacturingandhealthcare.(機(jī)器人利用機(jī)器人技術(shù)復(fù)制人類動作,革新了制造業(yè)和醫(yī)療保
健等行業(yè)。)
10.microcomputer/^aikraoksm'pjuita/(n.)微型計算機(jī)
例句:Microcomputershavebecomeubiquitousinmodernsociety,poweringeverythingfrom
personaldevicestoindustrialcontrolsystems.(微型計算機(jī)在現(xiàn)代社會無處不在,為從個人設(shè)
備到工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)的一切提供動力。)
同義詞:personalcomputer;PC,laptop
搭配:useamicrocomputer(使用微型計算機(jī)),networkedmicrocomputers(聯(lián)網(wǎng)的微型計算機(jī))
拓展詞組:microcomputertechnology(微型計算機(jī)技術(shù))
易錯點撥:microcomputer是指小型計算機(jī),例如個人電腦,與大型計算機(jī)(mainframe
computer)區(qū)分開。
辨析例句:Amicrocomputerisasmall,single-usercomputer;whileamainframecomputerisa
large,powerfulcomputerthatcanservemultipleuserssimultaneously.(微型計算機(jī)是指小型、
單用戶計算機(jī),而大型計算機(jī)是指大型、功能強(qiáng)大的計算機(jī),可以同時服務(wù)于多個用戶。)
11.microwave/'maikrsweiv/(n.)微波,微波爐
修!I句:Microwavetechnologyisusedincommunicationsystems,radar,andevenkitchen
appliances.(微波技術(shù)用于通信系統(tǒng)、雷達(dá),甚至廚房電器。)
搭配:microwaveoven(微波爐)/microwaveradiation(微波輻射),microwavecommunication(微
波通信)
拓展詞組:microwavetechnology(微波技術(shù)),microwaveengineer(微波工程師)
易錯點撥:microwave作名詞使用時,可以指微波,也可以指微波爐,根據(jù)語境判斷。
串t己快!J句:Microwavescookfoodwithelectromagneticwaves,revolutionizingfoodpreparation
inmodernkitchens.(微波爐利用電磁波烹飪食物,革新了現(xiàn)代廚房的食物制備方式。)
12.laser/'leizs/(n.)激光,激光器
例句:Lasersareusedinprecisionmanufacturing,medicalprocedures,andevenentertainment
displays.(激光用于精密制造、醫(yī)療程序,甚至娛樂展示。)
搭配:lasertechnology(激光技術(shù)),lasercutting(激光切割),lasersurgery(激光手術(shù))
拓展詞組:laserprinter(激光打印機(jī)),laserpointer(激光筆)
易錯點撥:laser是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的激光設(shè)備。
辨析例句:Lasersemitafocusedbeamoflight,whileordinarylightsourcesemitlightinall
directions.(激光發(fā)射的是一束聚焦的光,而普通光源則向四面八方發(fā)射光。)
13.nuclear/'njuiklia/(adj.)核的,核能的
例句:Nuclearpowerisacontroversialsourceofenergyduetosafetyconcernsandthedisposal
ofradioactivewaste.(由于安全問題和放射性廢物的處理,核能是一種有爭議的能源。)
搭配:nuclearpowerplant(核電站),nuclearenergy(核能),nucleartechnology(核技術(shù))
拓展詞組:nuclearfission(核裂變),nuclearfusion(核聚變)
易錯點撥:nuclear主要指與原子核相關(guān)的技術(shù)或能量,不要與"nucleus"(細(xì)胞核)混淆。
串記例句:Nuclearreactionsreleasetremendousenergy,makingnuclearpowerapotential
alternativetofossilfuels.(核反應(yīng)釋放出巨大的能量,使核能成為化石燃料的潛在替代品。)
14.manufacture/^^nju'faektfs/(vt.)制造,力口工
例句:Thecompanymanufactureshigh-qualityelectroniccomponentsfortheautomotive
industry.(該公司為汽車行業(yè)制造高質(zhì)量的電子元件。)
同義詞:produce,build,fabricate
搭配:massmanufacture(大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)),manufacturegoods(制造商品),manufacturingprocess
(制造過程)
拓展詞組:manufacturingindustry(制造業(yè)),manufacturingplant(制造工廠)
易錯點撥:manufacture強(qiáng)調(diào)批量生產(chǎn)或工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),與手工制作(craft)區(qū)分開。
辨析例句:Manufacturinginvolvestheproductionofgoodsonalargescaleusingmachineryand
technology,whilecraftingreferstothecreationofuniqueorcustomizeditemsoftenbyhand.(制
造是指使用機(jī)器和技術(shù)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)商品,而手工藝是指手工制作獨特的或定制的物品。)
15.factory/'faekt9ri/(n.)工廠,制造廠
例句:Thecompanyhasbuiltanewfactorytomeetthegrowingdemandforitsproducts.(該公
司新建了一家工廠,以滿足對其產(chǎn)品日益增長的需求。)
同義詞:plant,mill,workshop
搭配:modernfactory(現(xiàn)代化工廠),automobilefactory(汽車工廠),workinafactory(在工廠工
作)
拓展詞組:factoryworker(工廠工人),factoryautomation(工廠自動化)
易錯點撥:factory指進(jìn)行工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的建筑物或場所,例如“acarfactory".
串記例句:Factoriesfacilitatemassproduction,enablingtheefficientcreationofgoodsforawide
market.(工廠促進(jìn)了大規(guī)模生產(chǎn),能夠為廣闊的市場高效地創(chuàng)造商品。)
16.machine/ma'fiin/(n.)機(jī)器,機(jī)械
/U句:Theinventionofthesteamenginerevolutionizedindustrialproductionandtransportation.
(蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明徹底改變了工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和運輸方式。)
同義詞:apparatus,device,mechanism
搭配:operateamachine(操作機(jī)器),heavymachinery(重型機(jī)械),machinelearning(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí))
拓展詞組:machinetool(機(jī)床),machineoperator(機(jī)器操作員)
易錯點撥:machine指由多個部件組成的機(jī)械裝置,用來完成特定的任務(wù)。
辨析例句:Amachineisadevicethatusesenergytoperformwork,whileatoolisasimpledevice
usedbyhandtoperformatask.(機(jī)器是利用能量做功的裝置,而工具是手工使用的簡單裝置
來完成任務(wù)。)
17.engine/'end^m/(n.)發(fā)動機(jī),引擎
例句:Thecar'sengineprovidesthepowertopropelitforward.(汽車的發(fā)動機(jī)提供向前推進(jìn)的
動力。)
同義詞:motor,powerunit
搭配:internalcombustionengine(內(nèi)燃機(jī)),jetengine(噴氣發(fā)動機(jī)),starttheengine(啟動發(fā)動
機(jī))
拓展詞組:enginefailure(發(fā)動機(jī)故障),engineoil(發(fā)動機(jī)油)
易錯點撥:engine特指產(chǎn)生動力的機(jī)械裝置,例如汽車發(fā)動機(jī)、飛機(jī)發(fā)動機(jī)。
串i己仞!I句:Enginesgenerateenergy,enablingmachinesandvehiclestofunctioneffectively.(發(fā)動
機(jī)產(chǎn)生能量,使機(jī)器和車輛能夠有效地運轉(zhuǎn)。)
18.construction/ksn'strAkJn/(n.)建設(shè),建筑物
例句:Theconstructionofanewhigh-speedrailwayisunderwaytoconnectmajorcitiesand
promoteeconomicdevelopment.(正在建設(shè)一條新的高速鐵路,以連接主要城市并促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)
發(fā)展。)
同義詞:building,erection,development
搭酉己:underconstruction(正在建設(shè)中),constructionsite(建筑工地),constructionindustry(建
筑行業(yè))
拓展詞組:constructionworker(建筑工人),constructionmaterials(建筑材料)
易錯點撥:construction既可以指建設(shè)的行為,也可以指建設(shè)的結(jié)果,例如建筑物。
辨析例句:Constructionreferstotheprocessofbuildingorassemblingstructures,while
architecturefocusesonthedesignandaestheticsofbuildings.(建設(shè)是指建造或組裝結(jié)構(gòu)的過
程,而建筑則側(cè)重于建筑的設(shè)計和美學(xué)。)
19.production/prs'dAkfn/(n.)生產(chǎn)
修?。菥洌篢hefactoryhasincreaseditsproductiontomeettherisingdemandforitsproducts.(IP
增加了產(chǎn)量,以滿足對其產(chǎn)品不斷增長的需求。)
同義詞:manufacturing,output,creation
搭配:massproduction(大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)),industrialproduction(工業(yè)生產(chǎn)),productionline(生產(chǎn)線)
拓展詞組:productioncost(生產(chǎn)成本),productionefficiency(生產(chǎn)效率)
易錯點撥:production指的是生產(chǎn)商品或服務(wù)的活動,是不可數(shù)名詞。
串t己快!]句:Productionprocessesinvolvetransformingrawmaterialsintofinishedgoods,
contributingtoeconomicgrowth.(生產(chǎn)過程包括將原材料轉(zhuǎn)化為成品,為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長做出貢獻(xiàn)。)
20.product/'prodAkt/(n.)產(chǎn)品,成果
例句:Thecompany'slatestproductisasmartphonewithadvancedfeaturesandasleekdesign.
(該公司最新的產(chǎn)品是一款功能先進(jìn)、設(shè)計時尚的智能手機(jī)。)
同義詞:goods,merchandise,output
搭酉己:high-qualityproducts(高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品),newproductdevelopment(新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)),marketa
product(產(chǎn)品營銷)
拓展詞組:productdesign(產(chǎn)品設(shè)計),productmanager(產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理)
易錯點撥:product是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的商品或服務(wù),例如"anewproduct”.
辨析例句:Aproductissomethingthatiscreatedthroughaprocess,whileaserviceisan
intangibleactionthatbenefitsacustomer.(產(chǎn)品是通過一個過程創(chuàng)造出來的東西,而服務(wù)是一
種無形的行為,使客戶受益。)
21.material/me'tisrisl/(n.)材料,原料
快!]句:Theconstructionindustryreliesonavarietyofmaterialssuchassteel,concrete,andwood.
(建筑行業(yè)依賴于各種各樣的材料,如鋼材、混凝土和木材。)
同義詞:substance,element,component
搭配:rawmaterials(原材料),buildingmaterials(建筑材料),eco-friendlymaterials(環(huán)保材料)
拓展詞組:materialscience(材料科學(xué)),materialproperties(材料特性)
易錯點撥:material可以是可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)語境判斷。
辨析例句:Materialsarethesubstancesusedtomakesomething,whileresourcesarethe
availablesuppliesofmaterialsorotherassets.(材料是用來制造東西的物質(zhì),而資源則是可用
材料或其他資產(chǎn)的供應(yīng)。)
22.equipment/I'kwipmant/(n.)設(shè)備
修?。菥洌篗odernfactoriesareequippedwithadvancedmachineryandautomationsystemsto
improveefficiencyandproductivity.(現(xiàn)代工廠配備了先進(jìn)的機(jī)械和自動化系統(tǒng),以提高效率和
生產(chǎn)力。)
同義詞:apparatus,machinery,tools
搭配:industrialequipment(工業(yè)設(shè)備),medicalequipment(醫(yī)療設(shè)備),heavyequipment(重型
設(shè)備)
拓展詞組:equipmentmaintenance(設(shè)備維護(hù)),equipmentoperator(設(shè)備操作員)
易錯點撥:equipment是不可數(shù)名詞,指設(shè)備的總稱,不要說"anequipment".
串t己色!I句:Equipmentempowersworkers,enhancingtheircapabilitiesandproductivityinvarious
industries.(設(shè)備賦能工人,提高他們在各行各業(yè)的能力和生產(chǎn)力。)
23.tool/tu:l/(n.)工具,用具
例句:Skilledworkersusespecializedtoolstoperformtheirtaskswithprecisionandaccuracy.(熟
練的工人使用專用工具來精確地完成他們的任務(wù)。)
同義詞:instrument,implement,utensil
搭配:handtools(手工工具),powertools(電動工具),useatool(使用工具)
拓展詞組:toolkit(工具箱),toolmaker(工具制造商)
易錯點撥:tool是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的工具或用具,例如,'ahammer".
辨析例句:Atoolisasimpledeviceusedtoperformatask,whileamachineisacomplexdevice
thatusesenergytoperformwork.(工具是用來完成任務(wù)的簡單裝置,而機(jī)器是使用能量做功
的復(fù)雜裝置。)
24.skilled/skild/(adj.)熟練的,有技能的
修!I句:Skilledworkersareinhighdemandinindustriesthatrequirespecializedknowledgeand
expertise.(在需要專業(yè)知識和技能的行業(yè)中,熟練工人需求量很大。)
同義詞:experienced,trained,qualified
反義詞:unskilled,inexperienced,untrained
搭配:skilledlabor(熟練勞動力),skilledtechnician(熟練技工),skilledworker(技術(shù)工人)
拓展詞組:skilldevelopment(技能開發(fā)),skillstraining(技能培訓(xùn))
易錯點撥:skilled作形容詞使用,修飾人或工作,例如”askilledworker”.
串i己仞!I句:Skilledprofessionalsskillfullyapplytheirknowledgeandexpertisetocontributetothe
growthandsuccessofvariousindustries.(熟練的專業(yè)人士熟練地運用他們的知識和專業(yè)技能,
為各行各業(yè)的增長和成功做出貢獻(xiàn)。)
25.economy/I'konsmi/(n.)經(jīng)濟(jì)
修!I句:Astrongandstableeconomyisessentialforjobcreationandimprovinglivingstandards.
(強(qiáng)勁穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)濟(jì)對于創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會和提高生活水平至關(guān)重要。)
同義詞:financialsystem,market
搭配:globaleconomy(全球經(jīng)濟(jì)),nationaleconomy(國民經(jīng)濟(jì)),economicgrowth(經(jīng)濟(jì)增長)
拓展詞組:economicdevelopment(經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展),economicpolicy(經(jīng)濟(jì)政策)
易錯點撥:economy是不可數(shù)名詞,指經(jīng)濟(jì)體系或經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的總稱,不要說"aneconomy".
辨析例句:Theeconomyreferstothesystemofproduction,consumption,anddistributionof
goodsandservices,whilethemarketisaplacewherebuyersandsellersexchangegoodsand
services.(經(jīng)濟(jì)是指商品和服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)、消費和分配系統(tǒng),而市場是買賣雙方交換商品和服務(wù)
的地方。)
26.trade/treid/(n.)貿(mào)易,交易
仞!J句:Internationaltradeplaysavitalroleintheglobaleconomy,connectingcountriesand
promotingeconomicgrowth.(國際貿(mào)易在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用,連接各國并促
進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。)
同義詞:commerce,exchange,business
搭配:freetrade(自由貿(mào)易),internationaltrade(國際貿(mào)易),tradeagreement(貿(mào)易協(xié)定)
拓展詞組:tradewar(貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)),tradedeficit(貿(mào)易逆差)
易錯點撥:trade可以指具體的貿(mào)易行為,也可以指抽象的貿(mào)易關(guān)系。
辨析例句:Tradereferstotheexchangeofgoodsandservices,whilecommerceencompassesa
broaderrangeofactivitiesincludingtrade,transportation,andcommunication.(貿(mào)易是指商品
和服務(wù)的交換,而商業(yè)則涵蓋更廣泛的活動,包括貿(mào)易、運輸和通信。)
27.market/'maikit/(n.)市場
例句:Businessesneedtounderstandthemarketdemandfortheirproductsandservicesto
remaincompetitive.(企業(yè)需要了解市場對其產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的需求,才能保持競爭力。)
同義詞:marketplace,exchange,economy
搭配:globalmarket(全球市場),targetmarket(目標(biāo)市場),marketresearch(市場調(diào)查)
拓展詞組:marketshare(市場份額),marketanalysis(市場分析)
易錯點撥:market可以指具體的市場場所,例如農(nóng)貿(mào)市場,也可以指抽象的市場體系,例如
股票市場。
串t己色!J句:Marketsmatchsupplyanddemand,facilitatingtheexchangeofgoodsandservices
anddrivingeconomicactivity.(市場匹配供需,促進(jìn)商品和服務(wù)的交換,并推動經(jīng)濟(jì)活動。)
28.business/'biznss/(n.)商業(yè),企業(yè)
修!I句:Thecompanyisexpandingitsbusinessoperationsintonewmarketsoverseas.(該公司正在
將其業(yè)務(wù)拓展到海外新市場。)
同義詞:company,enterprise,firm
搭配:startabusiness(創(chuàng)業(yè)),runabusiness(經(jīng)營企業(yè)),businessmanagement(企業(yè)管理)
拓展詞組:businessplan(商業(yè)計劃),businessmodel(商業(yè)模式)
易錯點撥:business是可數(shù)名詞,指具體的商業(yè)實體,例如“asmallbusiness”.
辨析例句:Businessreferstotheorganizedactivitiesofindividualsorgroupstoproduceandsell
goodsandservices,whileindustryfocusesontheproductionofgoodswithinaspecificsector.
(商業(yè)是指個人或團(tuán)體有組織的活動,以生產(chǎn)和銷售商品和服務(wù),而工業(yè)則側(cè)重于特定部門
內(nèi)商品的生產(chǎn)。)
29.finance/fi'naens,'famaens/(n.)財政,金融
快!]句:Accesstofinanceiscrucialforbusinessestoinvestinnewtechnologiesandexpandtheir
operations.(獲得融資對于企業(yè)投資新技術(shù)和擴(kuò)大經(jīng)營至關(guān)重要。)
同義詞:funding,capital,investment
搭配:financialmarket(金融市場),financialinstitution(金融機(jī)構(gòu)),financialservices(金融服務(wù))
拓展詞組:financialmanagement(財務(wù)管理),financialcrisis(金融危機(jī))
易錯點撥:finance是不可數(shù)名詞,指資金或資金管理的總稱,不要說"afinance".
串I己快!I句:Financefuelsinnovation,providingthenecessarycapitalforbusinessestodevelop
newtechnologiesandproducts.(金融為創(chuàng)新提供動力,為企業(yè)開發(fā)新技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品提供必要的
資金。)
30.investment/m'vestmant/(n.)投資
例句:Thegovernmentisencouragingforeigninvestmenttoboosteconomicgrowthandcreate
jobs.(政府鼓勵外國投資,以促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會。)
同義詞:funding,capital,expenditure
搭酉己:foreigninvestment(夕卜國投資),privateinvestment(私人投資),investmentstrategy(投資
策略)
拓展詞組:investmentreturn(投資回報),investmentrisk(投資風(fēng)險)
易錯點撥:investment可以指投資的行為,也可以指投資的對象,例如投資項目。
辨析例句:Investmentistheactofallocatingresourceswiththeexpectationofgeneratingfuture
incomeorprofit,whileexpenditurereferstotheactofspendingmoney.(投資是分酉己資源以期
產(chǎn)生未來收入或利潤的行為,而支出是指花錢的行為。)
31.development/di'velspmsnt/(n.)發(fā)展
例句:Sustainabledevelopmentiscrucialforensuringeconomicgrowthwhileprotectingthe
environmentforfuturegenerations.(可持續(xù)發(fā)展對于確保經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的同時,保護(hù)環(huán)境造福子
孫后代至關(guān)重要。)
同義詞:growth,progress,advancement
搭酉己:economicdevelopment(經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展),technologicaldevelopment(技術(shù)發(fā)展),sustainable
development(可持續(xù)發(fā)展)
拓展詞組:developmentplan(發(fā)展計劃),developmentstrategy(發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略)
易錯點撥:development是不可數(shù)名詞,指發(fā)展變化的進(jìn)程,不要說"adevelopment".
辨析例句:Developmentimpliespositivechangeorprogress,whilegrowthreferstoanincrease
insizeorquantity.(發(fā)展意味著積極的變化或進(jìn)步,而增長是指規(guī)?;驍?shù)量的增加。)
32.income/'ir]kAm/(n.)收入,所得
例句:Risingincomeshaveledtoanincreaseinconsumerspendingandeconomicgrowth.(收入
的增長導(dǎo)致了消費者支出和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的增加。)
同義詞:earnings,revenue,salary
搭配:personalincome(個人收入),householdincome(家庭收入),nationalincome(國民收入)
拓展詞組:incometax(所得稅),incomeinequality(收入不平等)
易錯點撥:income是不可數(shù)名詞,指收入的總稱,不要說"anincome".
串t己快!J句:Increasedincomeincentivizesindividuals,drivingconsumerspendingandcontributing
tooveralleconomicgrowth.(收入的增加激勵了個人,推動了消費支出,并促進(jìn)了整體經(jīng)濟(jì)增
長。)
33.profit/'profit/(n.)利潤
例句:Businessesaimtomaximizeprofitswhileminimizingcoststoensurelong-term
sustainability.(企業(yè)目標(biāo)是在最大限度地提高利潤的同時,最大限度地降低成本,以確保長期
可持續(xù)發(fā)展。)
同義詞:gain,earnings,return
搭配:makeaprofit(盈利),increaseprofits(增加利潤),profitmargin(利潤率)
拓展詞組:profitsharing(利潤分享),profitandlossstatement(損益表)
易錯點撥:profit是不可數(shù)名詞,指盈利或收益的總稱,不要說"aprofit".
辨析例句:Profitisthefinancialgainresultingfromabusinesstransaction,whilerevenueisthe
totalamountofincomegeneratedfromsales.(利潤是指商業(yè)交易產(chǎn)生的財務(wù)收益,而收入是
指銷售產(chǎn)生的總收入。)
34.tax/taeks/(n.)稅,,稅款
例句:Taxesareanimportantsourceofgovernmentrevenue,fundingpublicservicessuchas
education,healthcare,andinfrastructure.(稅收是政府收入的重要來源,為教育、醫(yī)療保健和
基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等公共服務(wù)提供資金。)
同義詞:duty,levy,tariff
搭配:incometax(所得稅),salestax(銷售稅),propertytax(財產(chǎn)稅)
拓展詞組:taxrate(稅率),taxburden(稅負(fù))
易錯點撥:tax可以是可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)語境判斷。
串I己仞!I句:Taxescontributetothecommongood,fundingessentialpublicservicesand
infrastructuredevelopment.(稅收有助于公共利益,為基本公共服務(wù)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展提供資
金。)
練習(xí):
一、詞匯選擇填空(15分)
根據(jù)句意和詞性,從下列詞匯中選擇合適的選項填空,每個詞匯只能使用一次。
technology,industry,digital,information,computer,software,network,database,robot,
microcomputer;microwave,laser;nuclear;manufacture,factory
l.Theindustryisamajorcontributortothecountry'seconomicgrowth.
2.Thecompanyisinvestingheavilyinresearchanddevelopmentofnew.
3.technologyhasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicateandaccess.
4.areusedinfactoriestoautomaterepetitivetasksandimproveefficiency.
5.Aisapowerfultoolthatcanbeusedforavarietyoftasks,fromwordprocessingto
dataanalysis.
6.Theovenisaconvenientapplianceforheatingfoodquickly.
7.powerisacontroversialenergysourceduetosafetyconcernsandthedisposalof
radioactivewaste.
8.Thecompanyhigh-qualityproductsthatareexportedallovertheworld.
9.Thefactoryhasalargeofskilledworkers.
10.Aisacomplexsystemofinterconnectedcomputersanddevices.
11.Lasersareusedinprecisionandmedicalprocedures.
12.Thecompanystoresitscustomerinformationinasecure.
13.skillsareessentialforsuccessinmanymodernindustries.
14.Aisasmall,personalcomputerthatcanbeusedforavarietyoftasks.
15.Thecompanyisdevelopingnewtoimprovetheperformanceofitsproducts.
二、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子(10分)
使用所學(xué)詞匯的正確形式完成句子,每空一詞。
這臺機(jī)器由電力驅(qū)動。(operate)
政府正在鼓勵外國投資以促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。(encourage,investment)
這些數(shù)據(jù)將被輸入數(shù)據(jù)庫。(input,database)
這家工廠生產(chǎn)各種各樣的產(chǎn)品。(manufacture)
她正在使用顯微鏡觀察樣本。(microscope)
三、同義詞替換(5分)
用所給詞匯的同義詞替換句子中的劃線部分,使句子意思保持不變。
Thecompanyisinvestingincutting-edgetechnology,(advanced)
Theworkforceishighlyskilledandmotivated,(employees)
Thegovernmentiscommittedtopromotingsustainableeconomicgrowth,(long-term)
Tradebarrierscanhindereconomicdevelopment,(restrictions)
Thecompanyhasastrongreputationforqualityandinnovation,(image)
四、句子翻譯(10分)
將下列句子翻譯成英文。
數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型是現(xiàn)代化產(chǎn)業(yè)體系建設(shè)的重要組成部分。
人工智能技術(shù)正在迅速發(fā)展,并應(yīng)用于各個領(lǐng)域。
我們應(yīng)該加大對基礎(chǔ)研究的投入,提升自主創(chuàng)新能力。
這家公司致力于開發(fā)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品,減少對環(huán)境的影響。
技術(shù)進(jìn)步為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供了強(qiáng)大的動力。
五、閱讀理解
(一)
Inrecentyears,China'snewenergyvehicle(NEV)industryhasexperiencedrapidgrowth,
becomingtheworld'slargestNEVmarket.In2022,salesofNEVsinChinareached6.887million
units,ayear-on-yearincreaseof93.4%,withamarketshareof25.6%,Thisrisecanbeattributed
toacombinationoffactors,includingpolicysupport,technologicaladvancements,andincreasing
marketdemand.
PolicysupporthasbeenacrucialdrivingforcebehindthedevelopmentofChina'sNEVindustry.
TheChinesegovernmenthasimplementedaseriesofpoliciestoencourageNEVadoption,such
aspurchasesubsidies,taxbreaks,andpreferentialaccesstoroads.Thesemeasureshave
effectivelyreducedthecostofpurchasingandusingNEVs,stimulatingmarketdemand.
Additionally,thegovernmenthasincreasedinvestmentinNEVinfrastructure,includingcharging
stationsandbatteryswappingstations,providingconvenientconditionsforwideradoption.
TechnologicaladvancementshavebeenatthecoreofChina'sNEVindustry'sprogress.Chinese
companieshavemadesignificantbreakthroughsinkeytechnologiessuchasbatteries,electric
motors,andelectroniccontrolsystems,enhancingtheperformanceandcompetitivenessofNEVs.
Forexample,BYD'sBladeBatteryandCATL'sQilinBatteryboastindustry-leadingenergydensity,
safety,andlifespan.Furthermore,Chinesecompaniesareactivelyexploringautonomousdriving
andintelligentconnectivity,pushingNEVstowardsafutureofintelligenceand
interconnectedness.
MarketdemandservesasthefundamentaldrivingforcebehindthegrowthofChina'sNEV
industry.Withincreasingenvironmentalawarenessandrisingfuelprices,consumerdemandfor
NEVsiscontinuouslygrowing.ChineseNEVcompaniesareconsistentlyintroducingproductsthat
catertoevolvingconsumerpreferences,suchasmodelswithlongerdrivingranges,faster
chargingspeeds,andhigherlevelsofintelligence,gainingsignificantpopularityamong
consumers.
TheriseofChina'sNEVsnotonlypromotesthetransformationandupgradeofChina's
automotiveindustrybutalsocontributestoglobalgreendevelopment.Lookingahead,China's
NEVindustryispoisedforfurtherexpansionandinnovation,playingavitalroleinshapingthe
futureoftransportationandsustainabledevelopment.
l.WhatistheprimaryreasonfortherapidgrowthofChina'sNEVindustry?
(A)Risingfuelprices.
(B)Governmentsubsidies.
(C)Acombinationoffactorsincludingpolicy,technology,andmarketdemand.
(D)Increasedenvironmentalawareness.
2.HowhastheChinesegovernmentsupportedthedevelopmentoftheNEVindustry?
(A)Byinvestinginresearchanddevelopmentofnewenergytechnologies.
(B)Byimposingstrictregulationsontraditionalgasolinevehicles.
(C)ByimplementingpoliciesthatencourageNEVadoptionandinfrastructuredevelopment.
(D)BypartneringwithforeigncompaniestoimportadvancedNEVtechnology.
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasakeytechnologicaladvancementinChina'sNEV
industry?
(A)Batterytechnology.
(B)Electricmotortechnology.
(C)Internalcombustionenginetechnology.
(D)Electroniccontrolsystems.
4.WhatisthemainreasonfortheincreasingconsumerdemandforNEVs?
(A)Thedesireformoreluxuriousandexpensivevehicles.
(B)Theincreasingavailabilityofcharginginfrastructure.
(C)Agrowingconcernfortheenvironmentandrisingfuelcosts.
(D)GovernmentmandatesrequiringthepurchaseofNEVs.
5.WhatisthefutureoutlookforChina'sNEVindustry?
(A)Stagnationduetomarketsaturation.
(B)Continuedexpansionandinnovation.
(C)Adeclineduetocompetitionfromforeignmanufacturers.
(D)Uncertaintyduetochanginggovernmentpolicies.
(二)
Thedigitalagehasusheredinaneweraofinterconnectednessandconvenience,withdata
servingasthelifebloodofmodernsociety.Fromonlinetransactionsandsocialmediainteractions
tohealthcarerecordsandgovernmentdatabases,datapermeateseveryaspectofourlives.
Whilethebenefitsofdataareundeniable,itsincreasingubiquityalsoraisesconcernsaboutdata
securityandprivacy.
Databreachesandcyberattacksposesignificantthreatstoindividuals,businesses,and
governmentsalike.Theconsequencesofadatabreachcanbedevastating,includingfinancial
losses,reputationaldamage,andevennationalsecurityrisks.Therefore,ensuringdatasecurity
hasbecomeatoppriorityinthedigitalage.
Severalkeyprinciplesunderpineffectivedatasecuritypractices.First,dataencryptionisessential
forprotectingsensitiveinformationbyconvertingitintoanunreadableformatthatcanonlybe
decipheredwiththecorrectdecryptionkey.Second,accesscontrolmeasuresarecrucialfor
limitingaccesstodatatoauthorizedindividualsandpreventingunauthorizedaccessor
modification.Third,regularbackupsarevitalforensuringdataavailabilityandrecoveryinthe
eventofasystemfailureorcyberattack.Additionally,usereducatio
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