機(jī)械制造類專業(yè)英語（第2版） 練習(xí)題 楊成Module II

機(jī)械制造類專業(yè)英語CommonProcessingTechnologyandCasesModuleIIAdvancedManufacturingProcessandCasesSceneOneCommonProcessingTechnologyandCasesTask1CommonProcessingTechnologyLookatthefollowingwordswemayuseinthissceneandmatchtheEnglishandChinesemeaning.cavity

n.腔，（空）洞 molten

a.熔化的ferrous

a.鐵的

含鐵的 foundry

n.鑄造cylinder

n.汽缸 piston

n.活塞wheel

n.車輪 pattern

n.模樣，模型木型，型板，模板shrinkage n.收縮，縮減 solidification

n.凝固，濃縮facilitate

v.使容易，便于，促進(jìn) mould n.鑄型v.造型，翻砂drag

n.下砂箱，下型 sprinkle

v.撒ram

v.撞擊 foundry n.鑄造廠，鑄造車間conveyor

n.傳送帶，輸送帶，傳送裝置 hopper

n.砂斗，裝料斗，漏斗flush

a.同平面的，齊平面的 cope

n.上砂箱，上型箱，頂層alignment

n.對準(zhǔn)，成一線，對準(zhǔn)中心 dowel

n.定位銷，合縫銷feeder

n.直澆道，澆道 runner n.內(nèi)澆道，橫澆道cavity

n.空腔 riser

n.（補(bǔ)縮）冒口coincide

v.相重合

相疊合 displace v.排除（水，氣），位移，變位feed

n.增補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)縮 venting n.通氣permeability n.透氣性 gate

n.流道turbulence

n.湍流 via

prep.通過vibration

n.振動(dòng) fin

n.毛刺flash

n.毛邊Thefollowingexpressionswemayuse,beforewefinishoffthetask,pleasemakeouttheirEnglishmeaningwiththehelpofyourteammatesordictionaryortheinternet.模型腔 鉛錘測量裝置熔爐 汽缸體型箱，砂箱 活塞環(huán)考慮到，顧及 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢蒙吓c……平齊，與……一樣高 暗銷，定位銷，合縫銷分型砂 ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethemintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Theprocessofcastingisthemanufactureofmetallicobjects(castings)bymeltingmetal,pouringitintoamoldcavity,andallowingthemoltenmetaltosolidifyascastingwhoseshapeisareproductionofthemoldcavity.__________________________________________________________________________（2）ThefoundryindustryhasfoundwidespreadapplicationandisconsideredtobethesixthlargesintheUnitedStatesbecauseitenablestheproductionofintricatelyshapedparts.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Plumbingfixtures,furnaceparts,cylinderblocksofautomobileandairplaneengines,pistons,pistonrings,machinetoolbedsandframes,wheels,andcrankshafts.__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsarebelongtotheproductsofcastingafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.plumbingfixtures （） furnaceparts （）automobile （） airplaneengines （）pistons （） pistonrings （）machinetoolbeds （） frames （）wheels （） crankshafts （）Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Thewordcastingisusedbothfortheprocessaswellasfortheproduct. （）（2）Thisprocessiscarriedoutinfoundries. （）（3）Thefoundryindustryincludesavarietyofcastingprocesses. （）__________________________________________________________________________Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Whatisthefirststage

intheproductionofsandcastings?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whythepatternmustbemadelargerthanthefinishedcastingsize?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Whatarethemostimportantoperationsinsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethemintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Castingspatternsaregenerallymadefromhardwoodandpatternhastobemadelargerthanthefinishedcastingsizetoallowfortheshrinkagethattakesplaceduringsolidificationandcooling.__________________________________________________________________________（2）Ifahollowcastingistobemade,thepatterndesignwillincludeextensionpiecessothatspacestoacceptthesandcorearemouldedintothesand.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Thisprocessoffillingandrammingmaybedonebyhangbutmouldproductionisautomatedinalargefoundrywiththemouldboxesmovingalongaconveyor,firsttobefilledwithsandfromhoppersandthentopassundermechanicalhammersforramming.__________________________________________________________________________Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Aftertherammingofsandinthecopeiscompleted,thetwohalvesofthemouldingboxarecarefullyseparated. （）（2）Afterventingthepatternsarecarefullyremovedfrombothcopeanddrag,andagateorgatesarecarefullycuttoconnecttherunnerchannelwiththemaincavity. （）（3）Liquidmetalispouredsmoothlyintothemouldviathefeeder. （）___________________________________________________________________PracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Zhang:Hello,Mr.Cheng,whatareyoudoing?Mr.Cheng:Iam…Mr.Zhang:Thisis…,isn’tit?Mr.Cheng:Yes.Itis…Mr.Zhang:Whatcanitdo?Mr.Cheng:…Mr.Zhang:What’sthat?Mr.Cheng:Itisa…Mr.Zhang:Isthisa…?Mr.Cheng:Yes,itis.Itisa…Mr.Zhang:Whatkindsofworkcanitto?Mr.Cheng:Itcan…Mr.Zhang:Thankyouforyourhelp.Mr.Cheng:Mypleasure.___________________________________________________________________________Task2bigcountrycraftsmaninprocessingBigcountrycraftsmanFittermasterHushuangqianExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Liu:Goodafternoon,Mr.Xiong.Mr.Xiong:Goodafternoon,Mr.Liu.Mr.Liu:Ihavesometroublewithheattreatment.Couldyoutellme?Mr.Xiong:Whataretheproblems?Mr.Liu:Doyouknowwhatisthefunctionofheattreatment?Mr.Xiong:Yes.IthinkIsee.Heattreatmentisamethodbywhichtheheattreatmentcanchangethephysicalpropertiesofamaterial.Mr.Liu:Howmanytypesofheattreatmentarethere?Mr.Xiong:Therearemainoperationsintheheattreatmentofsteel:hardening,temperingandannealing.Mr.Liu:Howishardeningoperationdone?Mr.Xiong:Thehardeningoperationconsistsofheatingthesteelaboveitscriticalrangeandthequenchingisinasuitablemediumsuchaswater,brine,oil,orsomeotherliquid.Havingbeenhardened,themetalmustbegivenatemperingtreatmentwhichconsistsofreheatingthehardenedsteeltoatemperaturebelowthecriticalrange,thusproducingtherequiredphysicalproperties.Mr.Liu:Andwhatiscriticaltemperature?Mr.Xiong:Itisthetemperatureatwhichacertainchangetakesplaceinthephysicalconditionofthesteel.Mr.Liu:Whatisthepurposeofannealing?Mr.Xiong:Itcansoftenawork-pieceandrelieveinternalstressesproducedbymachining.Mr.Liu:Thankyoufortellingmeaboutthese.Mr.Xiong:I’mgladtohavebeenofsomeservice.SceneTwo3DPrintingandCaseTask13DPrintingOverviewPracticespokenEnglish.Mr.Wang:Goodmorning,Mr.Yang.Mr.Yang:Goodmorning,Mr.Wang.Mr.Wang:Itseemsyouareverybusynow.Mr.Yang:Yes,alittle.Mr.Wang:Whatareyoudoing?Mr.Yang:Iammeasuringapart.Mr.Wang:Areallsizesofthepartcorrect?Mr.Yang:No,Ifindtheholeisbiggerthanthemaximumlimitofthesize.Mr.Wang:Canitbedoneoveragain?Mr.Yang:No.Ithasbecomeawasteproduct.Mr.Wang:Whydoesthedesignergiveatoleranceofapart.Mr.Yang:Becauseitisvirtuallyimpossibletomanufactureapartwithouterrorandthedesigneralsomustconsiderthedimensionsofmatingpartstokeeptheprecisionoffit,sothelimitedsizesofapartmustbegiven.Mr.Wang:Oh,Isee.Iamverygladtoknowthis.Thanks.Mr.Yang:You’rewelcome.Task2bigcountrycraftsmanin3DPrintingExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.MissCandy:Hello,Mr.SmithNicetomeetyou!Mr.Smith:HiMissCandy.Nicetomeetyou,too.MissCandy:Whatareyoudoing?Mr.Smith:Iampreparingforsomeexperiments.MissCandy:Iknowyourmajorisengineering.Couldyoutellmewhataboutthetransfermachine?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:Aretransfermachinecommoninworkshop?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:Howtransfermachinework?Mr.Smith:…MissCandy:I’mreallyverygratefultoyou.Mr.Smith:Notatall.SceneThreeWeldingProcessandCaseTask1WeldingProcessLookatthefollowingwordswemayuseinthissceneandmatchtheEnglishandChinesemeaning.solder 焊料soldering 錫焊，軟釬焊braze 銅焊brazing 銅焊（接）join 連接，結(jié)合joint 接縫，結(jié)合處bismuth 鉍cadmium 鎘coat 涂上coating 涂層flux 助溶劑stearine 甘油vaseline 凡士林spelter 硬釬焊料Thefollowingexpressionswemayuse,beforewefinishoffthetask,pleasemakeouttheirEnglishmeaningwiththehelpofyourteammatesordictionaryortheinternet.酸洗液 氧化膜氯化鋅 純銅烙鐵硬焊料 ____________________________________________________________Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Howdowechoosethemethodofjoiningmetalarticlestogether?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whatisthefunctionofsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Whatarethemostimportantoperationsinsoldering?__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsarebelongtothemethodsofjoiningmetalafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.brazed （） riveted （）soldering （） welded （）Surveyyourworkplaceandobservecarefully,andthenaskthemasterforhelpifanyproblems,writedownyourexperiencesinyourworkplace.Pleasetickouttheelementswemayaddinwhenjoiningmetaltogether.stearine （） flux （）zincchloride （） cadmium （）tin （） acidcleaner （）vaseline （） bismuth （）lead （） Discusswithyourcolleaguesandtrytosharetheideasofyourpartnersandthenmakesurewhichofthefollowingexpressionisrightorwrong.RightforTandwrongforF.Tickthecorrectresponseintherelevantbox.（1）Joiningmetalarticlestogetherdependsonthetypeofmetalandthestrengthofthejointwhichisrequired. （）（2）Solderinggivesasatisfactoryjointforlightarticlesofsteel,copperorbrass. （）（3）Solderingistheprocessofjoiningtwometalsbyathirdmetaltobeappliedinthemoltenstate. （）Readthroughtheaboveinformationagainwithyourworkmatesandtrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingshortpassage.Dictatethewordsandexpressionsforeachotheramongyourroommates.Thereareanumberofmethodsofjoiningmetalarticlestogether,depending___________the___________ofmetalandthe___________ofthejointwhichisrequired.Solderinggivesasatisfactoryjointforlightarticlesofsteel,copperorbrass,butthestrengthofsolderedjointisrather___________thanajointwhichisbrazed,rivetedorwelded.Thesemethodsofjoiningmetalarenormallyadoptedforstrongpermanentjoint.Solderingistheprocessofjoiningtwometalsbya___________metaltobeappliedinthemoltenstate.Solderconsists___________tinandlead,whilebismuthandcadmiumareoftenincludedto___________themeltingpoint.Oneofthemostimportantoperationsinsolderingisthatof___________surfacestobejoined,thismaybedonebysome___________cleaner.Althoughtheoxidesareremovedbythecleaningoperation,anewoxidecoatingformsimmediatelyafter___________thuspreventsthesoldered,allowingthesoldertounitewiththesurfaceofthemetal.Readtheparagraphoftheabovematerialsanddoyourbesttoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththehelpofyourclassmates.（1）Whatisthefunctionofflux?__________________________________________________________________________（2）Whatisthebestfluxforsolderingmostferrousandnonferrousmetals?__________________________________________________________________________（3）Underwhatconditiontwopartsmaybeperfectlysoldered?__________________________________________________________________________Tickoutwhichofthefollowingitemsbelongtofluxafterreadingtheabovematerialsanddiscussingwithyourworkmates.zincchloride （） stearine （）vaseline （） copper （）ferrous （） disadvantagesofsolderingandbrazing.advantagesdisadvantagesReadthroughtheaboveinformationagainwithyourworkmatesandtrytofillintheblanksinthefollowingshortpassage.Dictatethewordsandexpressionsforeachotheramongyourroommates._____________isusedtoremoveandpreventoxidationofthemetalsurfacetobesoldered,allowingthe_____________toflowfreelyandunitewiththemetal.Zincchlorideisthebest_____________touseforsolderingmostferrousandnonferrousmetals,forsolderingaluminum;stearineorvaselineistobeusedas_____________.Thesolderingcopperisapieceofcopperattached_____________steelrodhavingahandle.Solderingcoppersaremade_____________differentlengths,formsandweights.The_____________ofsolderingdependstoagreatdegreeontheformandsizeofthesolderingcopper.Twopartsmaybeperfectlysolderedonlywhenthesurfacestobe_____________haveabsorbedenoughheattokeepsoldermeltedforsometime.ReadtheabovematerialsagainwithyourworkmatesandthentrytotranslatethefollowingsentencesaboutsolderingandbrazingintoChinese,andfinallydiscusswithyourworkmates.（1）Fluxisusedtoremoveandpreventoxidationofthemetalsurfacetobesoldered.__________________________________________________________________________（2）Solderingcoppersaremeadindifferentlengths,formsandweights.__________________________________________________________________________（3）Insomecasesitmaybenecessarytoconnectmetalsurfacesbymeansofahardspeltersolderswhichfusesathightemperature.__________________________________________________________________________PracticespokenEnglish.John:Howdoyoudo!MynameisJohn.MissLi:Howdoyoudo!John:Arethereanyvacanciesinyourfactory?MissLi:Yes.Weneedsomenewworkers.Whatsubjectwasyourmajor?John:Imajoredinmechanicalmanufacturing,andIthinkIamgoodatoperatingmillingmachine.MissLi:Whatsortofjobdoyouliketodo?John:Iwouldliketodosolderingandbrazing.IthinkIcandomybesttoit.MissLi:Great!Whattimecanyoustarttowork?John:Anytime.MissLi:Verynice.Howmuchdoyouexpectinsalary?John:7800Yuan.MissLi:OK!Pleasefillinthisform.Ifanythingturns,I’llcontactwithyou.John:Thankyou!MissLi:You’rewelcome.Newwordsandexpressionswelearn（letthestudentscopythenewwordsandexpressionsheorshedoesn’tknowinthissceneandthendictatethemamonghis/hergroupmembers）.___________________________________________________________________________Task2bigcountrycraftsmaninWeldingGreatcraftsmanLiWanjunExercise:talkinginpairs.1Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?2Whatkindofcraftsmanshipcanwelearnfromit?3Howdowepracticethecraftsmanshipspiritfromsmallthings?4Howtointegratethecraftsmanspiritintoourstudyandlife?PracticespokenEnglish.WanYing:Goodafternoon,Mr.Chen.Mr.Chen:Goodaftenoon,WanYing.Whereareyougoing?WanYing:Iamgoingtothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.Mr.Chen:Whatkindsofbooksdoyouwanttoborrow?WanYing:Iwouldliketoborrowsomebooksofbeltdrives.Mr.Chen:Why?WanYing:Ihavebeenlearningthecourseofbeltdrives,butIhavesometroubleinlearningthebeltdrive.SoIneedsomereferencebooks.Mr.Chen:Whataretheproblems?MayIhelpyou?WanYing:Yes,whataretheadvantagesofbeltdrive?Mr.Chen:Beltdriveisakindofflexibilitytransmission,sothelocationbetweendriveranddrivenmachinerycanbeeasilyadjusted.Anotheradvantageofbeltdriveisthatitcanefficientlyreducevibrationandshocktransmission,furthermorebeltdriveisrelativelyquiet.WanYing:Itseemstobeaveryusefultransmissionmethod.Mr.Chen:Yes,youareright.WanYing:Youareverykind.Bye-bye!Mr.Chen:Bye!SceneFourPlasticProcessandCaseTask1PlasticProcessDiscusswithyourteam-matesaboutextrusion.Makethemouttrueorfalse.1.Coldextrusion,orheatedtoatemperaturewhichgivesoptimumresultsfortheconditionsapplyingandtheproductrequirements,i.e.hotorwarmextrusion.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX2.Inmostcases,themetalisintheformofasolidorhollowcylinderandismovedinacontainingtoolinthedirectioninwhichtheproductemergesfromthedieapertureFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX3.Mostmetalscanbeextrudedinonewayoranother,butobviouslysomemoreeasilythanothers.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX4.Thecommonmetalsthatcanbeextrudedatambienttemperaturesarelead,aluminium,copper,lowcarbonsteelsandafewalloysofthesemetals.Thesoftersemi-preciousmetalscanalsobeextrudedcoldifrequired.FORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOX5.Traditionally,inhotextrusionabilletofmetalisforcedthroughashapedholeatoneendofacontainerbytheactionofarampressingfromtheotherend6.Thecontainerboreisofuniformcross-sectionandtheratioofitsareatothatoftheproductisknownastheextrusionratio7.Inthiscasetheextrudateleavesthediethroughthehollowram.Althoughthecontainerboreisnormallyrounditmayalsoberectangulartopermitextrusionofverywideproducts8.Themaintoolingcomponentsforthehotextrusionprocessatthereforethecontainer,thedieassembly,thedummyblockandthemandrel9InforwardrodandtubeextrusionthepunchdoesnotsuffermuchfromwearbutthecompressivestressesaresimilartocanextrusionpunchesFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXFORMCHECKBOX FORMCHECKBOXPleaseworkwithyourteam-matestryingtotranslatethefollowing