04選擇性暑期學習成果階段檢測卷（人教版2019）（原卷版）

04選擇性必修第一冊暑期學習成果階段檢測卷英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheagingpopulation?A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided.2．Whowillprobablyhelpthemandothehouseworkinthefuture?A．Thewoman. B．Himself. C．Therobot.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Marriedlife. B．Futureplans. C．Dreamschools.4．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It’sbig. B．It’squiet. C．It’snew.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anewtechnology. B．Acarpany. C．Driverlesscars.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thefuturewayofworking.B．Howtofindasatisfyingjob.C．Thedevelopmentofputers.7．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hewouldgetmuchmoredoneathome.B．Workingathomemaynotbeforhim.C．HewouldliketowatchTVathome.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A．Robotswilltakejobsfromhumans.B．Robotswillreplacehumansentirely.C．Robotswillbeintroducedintohomes.9．Howdoesthemanthinkaboutrobots?A．Theyarenotveryfriendly.B．Theybreakdownregularly.C．Theydomorewithlesscost.10．Whatpercentageofjobswillbeatriskduringthenextdecade?A．3%. B．15%. C．33%.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11．Whyisthemaninthepark?A．Tovolunteerforagovernmentdepartment.B．Todoresearchforaschoolproject.C．Tooffertourstovisitors.12．Whatconcernsthemanmostaboutthepark?A．Naturaldisasters. B．Onlineadvertising. C．Tourists’visiting.13．Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A．Signaform. B．Offeracashdonation. C．Joininsomeonlineactivities.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14．What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A．Fightingfire. B．Detectingfire. C．Preventingfire.15．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A．Australialost4%ofitstrees.B．ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C．Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16．Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A．Thesizeofacar.B．Thesizeofaplane.C．Thesizeofafootballfield.17．Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A．Protectinghumans. B．Purifyingtheair. C．Savinganimals.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18．Whatwillcontrolthetreehouse’stemperature?A．Theroof. B．Theleaves. C．Thesoil.19．Whatisthemostimportantdesignofalizardhouse?A．Changingcolors. B．Collectingsunlight. C．Producingenergy.20．Whycanthechimneybeausefulairconditioner?A．Itallowscoolairtoein.B．Itiseasyforhotairtoflowout.C．Itcanprotectthehousefromstrongcoldair.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcardworthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaoneofakindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmbluegreenwatersandbuildblushcoloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheselfguidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanupcloseviewofits18thcenturylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworldrenownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehighrisebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21．WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A．Thechancetocyclearound. B．Theirlivelyartisticscene.C．Theuniquewatersports. D．Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22．WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A．Thoseseekingwatersports. B．Fansofmodernlighthouses.C．Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D．Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.23．WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A．Itsbeachsand. B．Itsarchitecturalstyle.C．Itsoceandrive. D．Itshighrisebuildings.BBeforearrivinginChina,IhadreadvariousbooksrelatingtoChina,andmyfascinationwereincreasing.Therefore,whenIarrived,Icouldn’thavebeenmoreexcitedtobelivinginthishugehistoricallyandculturallyrichcountry.Thefood,thelandmarks,thebigcitiesandeverydaylife—Icouldn’twaittoexplore.Yetdespitemypassion,learningChinesehadn’tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn’tlaziness,butratherfearatthethoughtoftryingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.Besidesthis,IwaslivinginShanghai,aninternationalcity,withmanypeoplespeakingEnglishasasecondlanguage—IdecidedEnglishwouldbeenough.However,afterayearinChinaIbegantoobservethatwhilemanyforeignersdidnotspeakChinese,therewereplentywhodid.Perhapsitwasachievableafterall?Inaddition,IfeltunfortablewithhowmanyChinesepeoplecouldspeakEnglishandyetIcouldn’tevenspeakthemostbasicChinese.Withthesefactorsinmindandathirstforanewchallenge,IdecidedtobeginmylanguagejourneyandmyonlyregretisthatIdidn’tstartearlier.LearningtospeakChineseisn’tasinsurmountableasIoncethought.WhenIspeaktonativeChinesespeakersinChinese,theyalmostalwaysunderstandme,IhavealsonotfoundittoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.ThethingIfindmostchallengingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed.Ican’talwaysunderstandwhat’sbeensaid.MybiggesttakeawayfromlearningChineseisthatit’snotonlyachievablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeindaytodaylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchafascinatingcountry.So,toallmynonChinesefriendsIsaythis,takeupthechallengeandtaketheleapoffaith.24．Whydidn’ttheauthorlearnChinesewhenhearrivedinChinain2017?A．HeshowednopassionforChina. B．Hewasunwillingtomaketheeffort.C．Heavoidedlearningasecondlanguage. D．Heavoideddoingsomethingdifficult.25．WhatcausedtheauthortolearnChinese?A．Hisregretaboutstartinglearninglate. B．Supportfrommanyfriendsaroundhim.C．Eagernesstotakeupthechallenge. D．Athirsttoprovehisgiftforlanguage.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insurmountable”inthe5thparagraphmean?A．Valueless. B．Difficult. C．Unnecessary. D．Unacceptable.27．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A．Lovebreaksdowndifficulties. B．Hardworkpaysoff.C．Hardworkisthekeytosuccess. D．Braveryopensupanewworld.CSomecivilizationsrecordtheirpastswithartorbooks.Otherspassonhistorythroughfolksongsanddances.InSingapore,thestoryofhowaramshacklefishingvillageinSoutheastAsiadevelopedintoawealthyandmoderncountryoftenesinspoonfulsofpepperyporkribsouporbitesoffriedeggnoodlesatitshawkercenters(小販中心).Forvisitors,hawkercentersmightjustseemlikefoodcourts:Followyournoseorthelongestline,thenpayafewSingaporedollarsforaplateoffoodtoenjoyatasharedtable.ForSingaporeans,hawkercultureisaboutmorethanjustagoodmeal.Thesefoodcentersaresymbolsofthecountry’sdiversifiedculture.HawkercentersaresocentraltoSingaporethatthecountryrecentlyledasuccessfulcampaigntohavethepracticelistedastheUNESCOIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Toacmodate(容納)Singapore’sdiversifiedpopulation,thegovernmentmadesurethehawkercentersincludedMalay,Indian,andChinesestoreowners.“Hawkercentersarelikelythefirstplaceswherepeoplewilltryanotherethnicgroup’sfood,”saysCheeKienLai,authorofEarlyHawkersinSingapore.“They’reopentoeveryone.YoucangetChinesefoodortryIndiancuisineandgetconnectedtodifferentculturesandreligions.”AfterSingapore’srapiddevelopmentinthe1970sand80s,therewasasuddenstopintheconstructionofhawkercenters.Everybodywasconcentratingonbeingaknowledgebasedsociety.Bythetimethegovernmentreturnedtobuildingnewhawkercentersin2011,manypeoplewonderediftherewereenoughpeopletocarryonthetradition.“Eventhoughlocalsloveeatingathawkercenters,fewareinterestedinrunningasmallfoodshopthemselves,”saysChee.“Thecostoflaborhasgoneup,withtheyounger,bettereducatedgenerationputoffbythelonghoursandphysicalworkthejobrequires.Asaginghawkersretire,theirrecipesriskextinction.”That’soneofthereasonsthat,in2019,Singapore’sNationalHeritageBoardputthehawkersforwardforUNESCOrecognition.“Weneedtomakethemourlocalculturalheroes,”saysTay.28．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ramshackle”inparagraphl?A．Poor. B．Big. C．Unfriendly. D．Pretty.29．ForSingaporeans,thehawkercentersare__________.A．ameansofpassingontheirhistory B．aneasywaytoearnalivingC．symbolsofbeingamoderncountry D．justgoodplacesforcheapfood30．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Singaporehasaverydiversifiedpopulation.B．Hawkercentersdeclinedshortlyafterthe1980s.C．Thereisintensepetitionamongthehawkers.D．Youngpeopleenjoyworkingatthehawkercenters.31．WhatisCheeKienLaiworriedabout?A．Therisingpricesoffood. B．ThehighcostoflaborinSingapore.C．Thedisappearanceofhawkercenters. D．Alackofcustomersforhawkercenters.DMorethan1billionchildren,teenagersandadultslivewithobesity(肥胖)aroundtheworld,makingitthemostmonformofmalnutritioninmanycountries,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursdayinthejournalTheLancet.“PreviousestimatesbytheWorldObesityFederationsuggestedthattherewouldbe1billionpeoplelivingwithobesityby2030,butthatnumberwasalreadyovertakenin2022,”Dr.MajidEzzati,seniorauthorofthestudyandprofessoratImperialCollegeLondon,saidinanewsconferenceonThursday.“Wehadn’texpectedthatthethingshappenedsofast.”Thenewglobalstudy,conductedbymorethan1,500researchersfromtheNonmunicableDiseasesRiskFactorCollaborationandtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),analyzedtheheightandweightmeasurementsofover220millionpeoplefrommorethan190countries.Thestudyfocusedonratesofunderweightandobesity,bothformsofmalnutritionthatareharmfultopeople’shealth.Adultswereregardedasobeseiftheirbodymassindex(指數(shù))(BMI)wasgreaterthanorequalto30andconsideredasunderweightiftheirBMIwasbelow18.5.Childrenandteenagersweredefinedasobeseorunderweightbasedonageandsex,accordingtothestudy.“Undernutritionandobesityaretwofacesofthesameproblem,whichisthelackofaccesstoahealthydiet,”Dr.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheWHODepartmentofNutritionandFoodSafety,saidinthenewsconference.“Publicpolicymustaimtoimprovemonitoringoffoodproducersandensurefairaccesstohealthyandnutritiousfoodforeveryone.Over3billionpeopleintheworldstillcannotaffordahealthydiet.”France,whichsawasteadylevelinitsobesityratesinthestudy,hascarriedoutanationalplancalledProgrammeNationalNutritionSantéthatsetsobjectivesfornutritionalpolicyattheindustry,consumerandresearchlevels.CountriesinSouthAmericahavebeguncarryingoutfrontofpackagenutritionallabellingthatincludesclearwarningsaboutfat,sugarandsaltlevels.Mexicohasledthewayontaxationofsweeteneddrinks,andinChile,processedfoodscannotbemarketedtochildren.32．HowdoesEzzatifeelaboutthenumberofobesepeopleworldwidein2022?A．Disappointed. B．Astonished.C．Amused. D．Relieved.33．Howdidtheresearchersconductthenewstudy?A．Byaskingquestions. B．Byanalyzingdata.C．Bymakingobservations. D．Bycarryingoutexperiments.34．Foradults,whichBMImeansnormalweightaccordingtothestudy?A．33. B．30.C．20. D．18.35．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegoodhabitsofteenagersinSouthAmerica.B．Thedifferencesindietamongdifferentcountries.C．TheproblemsofrisingobesityratesfacedbyFrance.D．Themeasurestakenbyseveralcountriestoaddressobesity.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Althoughmostemptyplasticbottlesarethrown,thereareactuallymanyotherwaysyoucanreusethemotherthandrinking.36.Herearesomeinterestingtipstousewithemptyplasticbottles.CutoffthebiscuitsWhenmakingbiscuits,didyoujustrealizeyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.Firstcutthebottleintohalf.37.SeparateeggsDoyoufinditchallengingtoseparateeggs?38.Breaktheeggsintoabowl.Removethelid,pressthebottle,puttheendsintotheeggyolk(蛋黃)andstopthepressure.Thisway,theeggyolkwillbetakenintothebottlewhiletheeggwhitewillremainontheplate.Inthisway,separatingeggsisn’tachallengingproblem.39Wanttoremovefliesinyourgardensafely?Useplasticbottles.Cutthebottleintohalfandplaceasweetsyrup(糖漿)atthebottom.Thenplacethetopinthebottomsothatthebottlemouthfacesdown.Theflywillbeattractedtothesmellandflyintothebottlehole.Onceinthebottle,theflywillclimbthroughanarrowopeningwithoutthinkingabouthowtogetoutandeventuallydies.AirconditionerSometimes,thefanremoveshotairanddoesnotcooltheroombutnowwehaveasolution!40Then,placethebottlewithiceonthefloorforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthebottlewithicecausesthetemperaturetobelower.A．ThetrapB．TheharmoffliesC．PourthewateroutfromthelargebottlesD．YoucansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottlesE．FilltwolargebottleswithwaterandturnintoiceF．AndthenyoujusttakeoneoftwopartstocutthecookiesG．Theyallowyoutorecyclecreativelyforavarietyofpurposes第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ChatGPT,anartificialintelligencedrivenchatbot(聊天機器人)programmethatrespondstouserprompts,hasgoneviralinsocialnetworksinrecentweeks.Its41issuchthatwithindaysofitslaunch,OpenAI,theartificialintelligencepanybehindthechatbot,announcedthat1millionpeoplehadused.Inparison,FacebookandSpotifytookmonthstoachievethat42ofengagement(受人關注).Theattractionisobvious:ChatGPTcanproducejokes,essaysandputercodefromashortwritingprompt.There’snothing43insoftwarethatproducesfluentandlogicalwriting.ChatGPT’spredecessor(前身),theGenerativePretrainedTransformer3(GPT3),coulddothattoo.Bothweretrainedonanunimaginablylargeamountofdatatoanswerquestionsina/an44way.ButChatGPThasbeenupdatedbybeinggiventhedataonhuman“conversations”,whichsignificantly45thetruthfulnessandinformativeness(信息準確性)ofitsanswers.46,ChatGPTstillproducesanswersthatseemreasonablebutareincorrectornonsensical(無意義的).Eventhechatbotitselfsays,“Myresponsesarenotintendedtobeconsideredas47.”ThismightbeabigproblemontheInternet,asmanywebplatforms(平臺)48theabilitytoprotectthemselvesagainstafloodofAIgeneratedcontent(AI生成的內容).SuchwebsitesasStackOverflow,whereuserscanfindanswerstoprogrammingrelatedquestions,hadtobanChatGPTproducedposts,asitshumanmoderators(管理員)couldnot49thevolume(大量)ofincrediblebutwrongreplies.Itis50togiveouttoolsthatcouldbeusedtoproducefakenewsandmessages.UsingChatGPTtoomuchraisesthequestionofwhethercontentproducedbyitcanbetrulytrusted.Ahumanauthoris51theirownworkbutAIisnot.Artificialintelligenceisnotartificial52:ChatGPTdoesnotknowwhatitisdoing;itisunabletosayhoworwhyitproducedaresponse;itdoesn’thavehumanexperience,andcannottellifitis53.WhileOpenAIhassafeguardstorefuseinappropriaterequests,suchastotellusershowtomitcrimes(犯罪),thesecanbebypassed.AI’spotentialforharmshouldnotbe54.Inthewronghands,itcouldbeaweapontoharmpeopleandsociety.Nooneknowswhatwillhappentosuchtechnologiesifthesoftwareengineersofthefuturewillthemselvesbesoftwareprograms.“Humansupervision(監(jiān)督)and55arerequired,”O(jiān)penAI’sresearchershavewarned.41．A．attempt B．popularity C．purpose D．solution42．A．level B．quality C．focus D．goal43．A．harmful B．positive C．new D．obvious44．A．creative B．general C．simple D．incredible45．A．transformed B．impressed C．increased D．limited46．A．Inbrief B．Asaresult C．Evenso D．Generallyspeaking47．A．fact B．routine C．law D．details48．A．have B．lack C．expect D．improve49．A．answer B．provide C．handle D．collect50．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable51．A．scaredof B．opento C．pleasedwith D．responsiblefor52．A．awareness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity53．A．fittingin B．hangingon C．makingsense D．achievinggoals54．A．refused B．blamed C．ignored D．contributed55．A．civilization B．control C．loss D．pressure第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。Foodwasteisoneofthegreatestchallengesofourtime,andfruitandvegetablesareespeciallyproblematic,asabout52%ofthemgobadbefore56(eventual)reachingconsumers.ButoneMalaysianpanyhaseup57asimplesolutiontothisproblem—atinysticker(貼紙)thatkeepsfruitfrom58(go)badforuptoweeks.You’veprobablyseenstickersonfruitbefore,butnotliketheonescreatedbytheMalaysianpany.Thosemonstickersaretypically59(use)onlytoprovideconsumerswith60(inform)aboutthegrowersandhowthefruitwasgrown,61Stixfreshhasapletelydifferentpurpose.Itcontainssomethingspecialandallnaturalthatslowsdowntheripening(成熟)process,keepingthefruitfreshandjuicyformuch62(long).StixfreshfounderZhafriZainudinsaysthathethoughtoftheideaforthestickersaftervisitingafriend63ranafruitstore.Themanwasworriedaboutlosingmoneyeverydaybecauseofbadfruit,butheknewthattherewasnowaytostopnaturefromtaking64(it)course.TheMalaysianbusinessmanworkedwithmany65(university)todevelopandtesthissticker.Atfirst,Stixfreshstickerswereonlyusedtolengthentheshelflifeofmangoes,butthepanylaterworkedonotherfruit,likedragonfruit,starfruit,applesandpears.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Tom發(fā)來郵件，提到他對中國所取得的科技成就感到無比欽佩，想了解一些中國科學家的事跡。請你用英語給他寫一封郵件，為他介紹一位你最喜歡的中國科學家，內容包括：1.科學家介紹；2.對你的影響。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearTom,I’mgladthatyoushowadmirationforChinesescientificachievement._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。In2018,17yearoldHemeshspentalifechangingsummerwithhisgrandmotherAnne,whohadbeendiagnosedwithAlzheimer’sdisease.Witnessingtheimpactofthediseasefirsthand,Hemeshwasawakenedtotheseriousnessofthesituation.Onenight,Hemeshwalkedintothekitchenonlytodiscoverthathisgrandmotherhadleftthegasstove(爐)onaftermakingtea.ShockedbythedangerousconsequencesAlzheimer’sdiseasecouldbringabout,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderwhatmighthavehappenedifhehadn’tbeenthere.Hemesh’sworriesincreased