考博英語模擬試卷1（共598題）

考博英語模擬試卷1（共9套）（共598題）考博英語模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯(本題共25題，每題1.0分，共25分。)1、ThomasWolfeportrayedpeoplesothatyoucametoknowtheiryearnings,theirimpulses,andtheirwants-thiswaseffective______.A、motivationB、pointofviewC、characterizationD、background標準答案：C知識點解析：characterization性格描定，鑒定；motivation動機；pointofview觀點；background背景。2、Theappealtofilesensesknownas______isespeciallycommoninpoetry.A、imaginativeB、imaginableC、ingeniousD、imagery標準答案：D知識點解析：imagery形象人描述，意象；imaginative富于想像力的；imaginable可以想像的；ingenious機靈的，具獨創(chuàng)性的。3、Ifyou’vegotacomplaint,thebestthingistoseethepersonconcernedand______withhim.A、tellitB、haveitoutC、sayitD、haveitknown標準答案：B知識點解析：haveitoutwith意為“邀請某人出去”，這里指和有關(guān)人士談清楚關(guān)于其的投訴。tellit，無此用法，一般為tellsbsth；sayitwithsb和誰說說，聊聊；haveitknown后跟to(sb)，指“使…為某人知道”。4、Therehavebeenseveralattemptstointroducegayercolorsandstylesinmen’sclothing,butnoneofthem______.A、hascaughtonB、hascaughthimoutC、hascaughtupD、takeitknown標準答案：A知識點解析：catchon意為“變得流行，非常受人歡迎”；catchout發(fā)現(xiàn)(錯誤、問題等)；catchup抓住，趕上；takeroots生根，扎根。5、Theretiredengineerplunkeddown$50,100incashforamidsizeMercedesasapresentforhiswife—apurchase______withmoneymadeinthestocktheweekbefore.A、paidoffB、paidthroughC、paidoutD、paidfor標準答案：D知識點解析：paidfor支付，這里指他用前一星期在股票市場賺的錢支付(購買禮物的錢)；paidoff償還，付清；paidthrough，有paythroughthenose的固定用法，意為被敲竹杠，付出過高的代價；paidout付出(款項等)。6、Hehascourageallright,butinmattersrequiringjudgment,hehasoftenbeenfoundsadly______.A、lackitB、absentC、inneedofitD、wanting標準答案：C知識點解析：findsb．+adj．/介詞短語是固定句型。lack是動詞，inneedof是介詞短語，于之搭配不當，absent意思不對。Findsb．后不僅可以接adj．還可以接介詞短語，如果選D，后面沒有名詞，不正確。因此題應選C．inneedof．7、DanisHayesraisedtheessentialparadoxandaskedhowpeoplecouldhavefoughtsohardagainstenvironmentaldegradation______themselvesnowonthevergeoflosingthewar.A、onlyfoundB、findingonlyC、onlytofindD、haveonlyfound標準答案：C知識點解析：onlytofind不定式作結(jié)果狀語。該句意為：人民可能一直艱苦地為反對環(huán)境惡化斗爭，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們即將輸?shù)暨@場戰(zhàn)爭。其他三項都不對。8、Theonceseparateissueofenvironmentanddevelopmentarenow______linked.A、intangibleB、indispensableC、inextricablyD、incredibly標準答案：C知識點解析：inextricably解不開地。這里指緊密聯(lián)結(jié)在一起。intangible觸摸不到的，無實體的；indispensable必不可少的；incredibly不可思議地，不可相信地。9、Theneedtoseethatjusticeisdone______everydecisionmadeinthecourts.A、implantsintoB、imposesonC、impingesuponD、imprecatesupon標準答案：C知識點解析：此題的意思是人們希望看到正義被伸張的需要影響著法庭的每一項決定。在這里impingeon的意思就不是打擊，侵犯的意思了，而是影響的意思。implantinto植入，灌輸，牢固樹立；imposeon強加，征收(稅)；imprecateupon詛咒，祈求降(禍)給某人。10、TwothirdsoftheUSbasketballplayersareblack,andthenumberwouldbegreater______thecontinuingpracticeofpickingwhitebenchwarmersforthe’sakeofbalance.A、wasitnotbecauseofB、haditnotbeenforC、wereitnotforD、woulditnothavebeenfor標準答案：C知識點解析：這是個虛擬語氣的倒裝用法，省略if，將be動詞提前，又因為前句是wouldbegreater，可見是一般現(xiàn)在時的虛擬語氣，所以后半句要用were作謂語，所以選C。11、Noonewouldhavetimetoreadorlistentoanaccountofeverything______goingonintheworld.A、itisB、thereisC、asisD、whatis標準答案：B知識點解析：這里thereis．．．．．．句子作everything的定語從句。12、Ifthereistheneedtocompoteinacrowd,tobattle______theedgethesureststrategyistodeveloptheunexpected.A、onB、forC、againstD、with標準答案：B知識點解析：battlefor為…而戰(zhàn)斗或斗爭，這里指擦邊擠出。13、Justasthereareoccupationsthatrequirecollegeorevenhigherdegrees,______occupationsforwhichtechnicaltrainingisnecessary.A、sotoothereaxeB、soalsothereareC、sotherearetooD、sotooarethere標準答案：D知識點解析：整個句型是“justas．．．．．．so．”，正好和…一樣，該句意為“正如有的工作需要大學或更高的學位那樣，同樣也還有需要經(jīng)技術(shù)培訓的工作”。Too(adv．)提高要求部分倒裝，所以A、B均不成立。14、ItisamyththatthelawpermitstheFoodandDrugAdministrationtoignorerequirementsfor______drugswhilebrand-namedrugsstillmustmeettheserigidtests.A、specificB、genericC、intricateD、acrid標準答案：B知識點解析：generic商品不注冊的，一般的，普通的；這里是指無商標名和有商標名藥品之對比，后者必須經(jīng)嚴格測定。specific特定，特殊的；intricate復雜的，錯綜的；acrid辛辣的，言語刻薄的。15、Theverybiggestandmostmurderouswarsduringtheindustrialagewereintra-industrial-warsthat______SecondWavenationslikeGermanyandBritainagainstoneanother.A、pittedB、droveC、keptD、embarked標準答案：A知識點解析：pitted使相斗，對立，競爭，后常跟against，這里指使第二次工業(yè)革命浪潮興起的國家像德、英樣對抗。drive驅(qū)動，促使；keep保持；embark上船，上飛機，裝載，從事。16、Theprivatelifeofhavingeachindividualmakehisorherownchoiceofbeliefsandinterest______withouttheoverarchingpublicworldofthestate,whichsustainsastructureoflawappropriatetoaself-determiningassociation.A、isnotpossibleB、wouldnotbepossibleC、willnotbepossibleD、bywhich標準答案：B知識點解析：這是without作虛擬語氣一種用法，全句的意思是“如果沒有公眾世界，個人選擇信仰和志趣的私生活就不可能存在”。17、FromChristianityandthebarbariankingdomsofthewestemergedthemedievalversionofpolitics______inturnevolvedthepoliticsofourmodernworld.A、ofwhichB、fromwhichC、nowhichD、bywhich標準答案：B知識點解析：fromwhich與前面對稱，且evolvedfromwhich意為“從中產(chǎn)生出(進化到)我們現(xiàn)代的世界政治”。18、ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanforhavingpromotedseatravel,thatman______princeHenrythenavigator,wholivedinthe15thcentury.A、wasB、wascalledC、callingD、being標準答案：D知識點解析：后半句是獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，是oneman的同位語。A、B用了動詞形式，不可；C項應為被動語態(tài)。19、Grantwasoneofabodyofmenwhowereself-reliant,whocaredhardlyanythingforthepastbuthadasharpeyeforthefuture.A、onthemselvesB、onnotmakingafaultC、toafaultD、toremainahead標準答案：C知識點解析：toafault意為“太…，過分…”，這里指“他太自信，幾乎不顧過去，就盯著未來”。A意為對自己很自信，語法上沒有錯誤，但不符合上下文的意思；B指自信不犯錯誤，與A類似，與上下文也不符，D搭配不當。20、Huntingtonandmanyofitscompetitorsareworkingtomakeremedialinstructionacommodityas______andaccessibleasfrozenyogurt.A、ubiquitousB、rationalC、necessaryD、credible標準答案：A知識點解析：ubiquitous普遍存在的；rational理智的；necessary必要的；credible可以相信的。21、Theschemeforrebuildingthecitycenter______,owingtotherefusalofacounciltosanctiontheexpenditureofthemoneyitwouldhaverequired.A、felldownB、felloffC、felloutD、fellflat標準答案：D知識點解析：fellflat(完全)失敗，達不到預期效果，句意為“重建城市中心計劃，由于參議會拒批它所需的資金而失敗了”。falldown跌倒，在…方面失敗，falloff跌落，fallout起糾紛，爭吵。22、Iftheythinktheyaregoingtowinoverusbyobstinately______andrefusingtomaketheshghtestconcession,theyaremistaken.A、holdingoutB、holdingtoC、holdingoverD、holdingup標準答案：A知識點解析：holdout不退讓，拒絕妥協(xié)，holdoutobstinately頑強抵抗；holdto粘住，堅持，信守holdover推遲，延期，保留；holdup舉起，支持，提出。23、Thepossibilitythattheexplosionwascausedbysabotagecannotbe______.A、brokenoutB、cancelledoutC、ruledoutD、wipedout標準答案：C知識點解析：ruledout用線劃掉，取消，排除，這里指不能排除陰謀破壞的可能性。breakout爆發(fā)，逃脫；cancelout取消，抵消；wipeout擦掉，還清，消除。24、Theex-presidenthadbeen______inthecountrytorefreshhismindbeforehepassedaway.A、giventowalkingB、givenawalkC、givenforawalkD、givingawalk標準答案：A知識點解析：begiventodoing是固定用法，意為喜歡，這里指前總統(tǒng)喜歡散步恢復精神。25、Hedidnotrelishappealingamongsthisfriendsand______oftheircriticismorcensure.A、runningshortB、runningoutC、namingthegauntletD、runningahead標準答案：C知識點解析：runthegauntlet原指昔日的一種體罰“夾笞刑”，即受刑人從兩排人之間跑過，由列隊者毆打，后引申為“備受抨擊”，這里指受到朋友的抨擊和斥責。runshort用完，缺乏；runout花完；runahead超過，趕過。二、閱讀理解(本題共15題，每題1.0分，共15分。)ItwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmericanRedCrossinGreaterNewYork.First,partofabuildingonWest140thStreet,inHarlem,felldown.Bedstumbledthroughtheair,peopleslidoutoftheirapartmentsandontotheground,threepeopledied,andtheRedCrosswasthere,helpingshockedresidentsfindtemporaryshelter,andfoodandclothing.Thenitwasbackdowntownforthatevening'sbigfund-raiser,theEleventhAnnualRedCrossAwardDinnerDance,atthePierre."That'swhyIhavebadhairtonight,"SaidChristopherPeake,aRedCrossspokesmanwhohadspentmuchofthedayattheHarlemscene,inthedrizzlingmin.Hewasnowinatuxedo,andactuallyhishairdidn'tlooksobad,framedbyacenterpieceoftulipsandjonquils,andperhapsimprovedbysubduedlightingformeightcrystalchandeliers.Definitelynothavingabad-hairnightwasElizabethDole,thewifeofSenatorRobertDoleandthepresidentoftheAmericanRedCross.PresidentDolehaschestnut-coloredRepublicanhair,whichwassoftlycoifed,andshewaswearingafittedburgundyvelveteveningsuit("Someonemadeitforme!Ilovevelvet!"sheexclaimed,inherenthusiastic,NorthernCarolinahostessvoice)andsparklingdropearrings.Ofcourse,shehadn'tbeenstandingintheraininHarlem;shehadjustflownuponthethree-o'clockshuttlefromWashington.Doleisextremelypretty,withroundgreeneyesandafullmouthandadirectpersonality.Shetiltsherheadattentivelywhenshelistens.Shewastherecipientoftheevening'saward;previousawardwinnershaveincludedMiceTully,PrincessYasminAgaKhan,…and,mostrecently,BrookeAstor.NotexactlyasequenceattheendofwhichyouwouldexpecttofindElizabethDole,butawardgiversarefamousforhavingpoliticalinstinctsaswellasphilanthropicones.Surroundedbythedeep-blueswagsandgoldendraperiesoftheballroomweremorethanthirty-fivedinnertablessetwithgroupingsofcandlesandfloralcenterpiecesandRoyalDoultonchina,AmericanExpresswasthere.SowereBristol-MyersSquibb;Coopers&Lybrand;theNewYorkLife;…andPriceWaterhouse.TheactressArleneDahl,withherratherredhairandherbeardedhusband,presidedoveronetable.Otherwise,itwasatypical,faceless,captain-of-industryfundmiser(nomodels!Nostars!),ofwhichthereseemstobeatleastoneeverynightinNewYorkCity.Itwasnotasocietynight,butstilltheeveningraisedfourhundredandthirtythousanddollars.26、Fromthatwereadwecaninferthat"itwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmericanRedCrossinGreaterNewYork"meansitsstaff______.標準答案：B知識點解析：從文章第一段可推出。A“每天處理市內(nèi)的倒塌之房”，C“每日白天工作，夜晚酒宴”，D“每天去哈萊姆，紐約最貧困地區(qū)，幫助那里的人民”，均不對。27、Thefund-raisermentionedinthepassagerefersto______.標準答案：C知識點解析：見第一段第三句。28、ChristopherPeake’shairdidn’tlooksobadbecause______.標準答案：D知識點解析：見第一段最后一句。29、ElizabethDolewas______.標準答案：C知識點解析：第二段第一句就提到伊麗莎白，美國紅十字會主席，后面又提到她是晚會獲獎者，所以說她是最重要的代表。30、ThepresenceofanactressattheDinermadethefundraising______.標準答案：A知識點解析：從文章最后三句可知。這位演員的參加，使得宴會更個人化，“要不然，這就是一個典型的、姓名不詳?shù)墓I(yè)巨頭的集資者會了”，所以選A，B、C、D三項意思均相反。Forlaymenethnologyisprobablythemostinterestingofthebiologicalsciencesfortheveryreasonthatitconcernsanimalsintheirnormalactivitiesandtherefore,ifwewish,wecanassessthepossibledangersandadvantagesinourownbehavioralroots.Ethnologyalsoisinterestingmethodologicallybecauseitcombinesinnewwaysveryscrupulousfieldobservationswithexperimentationsinlaboratories.Thefieldworkershavehadsomehandicapsinwinningrespectforthemselves.Foralongtimetheywereconsideredaslittlebetterthanamateuranimal-watchers-certainlynotscientists,sincetheirfactswerenotgainedbyexperimentalprocedures:theycouldnotconformtothehard-and-fastrulethataproblemsetupandsolvedbyonescientistmustbetestedbyotherscientists,underidenticalconditionsandreachingidenticalresults.Ofcoursemanysituationsinthelivesofanimalssimplycannotberehearsedandcontrolledinthisway.Thefallflockingofwildfroebirdscan'tbe,orthehomingofanimalsoverlongdistances,orevendetailsofspontaneousfamilyrelationships.Sincethesenevercanbereproducedinalaboratory,aretheythennotworthknowingabout?Theethnologistswhochoosefieldworkhavegotthemselvesoutofthisimpassebygreatlyrefiningthetechniquesofobserving.Atthestartofaprojectalltheanimalstobestudiedarelive-trapped,markedindividually,andreleased.Motionpictures,oftenincolor,providepermanentrecordsoftheirsubsequentactivities.Recordingoftheanimals'voicesbyelectricalsoundequipmentisconsideredessential,andthemostmeticulousnotesarekeptofallthatoccurs.Withthismaterialotherbiologists,farfromthescene,latercanverifythereports.Moreover,twofieldobserversoftengoouttogether,checkingeachother'sobservationsrightthereinthefield.Ethnology,theword,isderivedfromtheGreekethos,meaningthecharacteristictraitsorfeatureswhichdistinguishagroup-anyparticulargroupofpeopleor,inbiology,agroupofanimalssuchasaspecies.Ethnologistshavetheintentionofstudying"thewholesequenceofactswhichconstituteananimal'sbehavior."Inabridgeddictionariesethnologyissometimesdefinedsimplyas"theobjectivestudyofanimalbehavior,"andethnologistsdoemphasizetheirwishtoeliminatemyths.31、Inthefirstsentence,theword"laymen",means______.標準答案：B知識點解析：layman是門外漢的意思，這里是指生物學家以外的人。32、Accordingtothepassage,ethnologyis______.標準答案：A知識點解析：從文章第一二段可知。33、"Thefieldworkershavehandicapsinwinningrespectforthemselves."Thissentencemeans______.標準答案：B知識點解析：文中第二段中“Foralongtimetheywereconsideredaslittlebetterthanamateuranimalwatchers，certainlynotscientists”說明人種學家在贏得人們的承認上又過很大的障礙。34、Accordingtotheexplanationofthescientificruleofexperimentinthepassage,"hard-and-fast"meansexperimentprocedures______.標準答案：C知識點解析：文中對其的解釋“aproblemsetupandsolvedbyonescientistmustbetestedbyotherscientists，underidenticalconditionsandreachingidenticalresults”與C“必須嚴格遵循，以免出現(xiàn)假的和不嚴謹(不確切)的結(jié)果”相符。35、Themeaningoftheunderlinedwordsin"thedetailsofspontaneousfamilyrelationships"canbeexpressedas______.標準答案：D知識點解析：從文中第二段后半部分討論的就是動物的許多行為都是不可預知和控制的，包括自發(fā)的親屬行為。Thesinglegreatestshiftinthehistoryofmass-communicationtechnologyoccurredinthe15thcenturyandwaswelldescribedbyVictorHugoinafamouschapterofNotre-DamedeParis.ItwasaCathedral.Onallpartsofthegiantbuilding,statuaryandstonerepresentationsofeverykind,combinedwithhugewidowsofstainedglass,toldthestoriesoftheBibleandthesaints,displayedtheintricaciesofChristiantheology,advertedtotheexistenceofhighlyunpleasantdemonicwingedcreatures,referreddiplomaticallytothemajestiesofpoliticalpower,andinaddition,bymeansofbellsinbelltowers,toldtimeforthebenefitofallofPairsandmuchofFrance.Itwasanawesomeengineofcommunication.Thencamethetransitiontosomethingstillmoreawesome.Thenewtechnologyofmasscommunicationwasportable,couldsitonyourtable,andwaseasilyreplicable,andyet,paradoxically,containedmoreinformation,moresystematicallypresented,thaneventhelargestofcathedrals.Itwastheprintedbook.Thoughitprovidednobellsandcouldnottelltime,theover-allsuperiorityofthenewinventionwasunmistakable.Inthelasttenortwentyyears,wehavebeenundergoingamoreorlessequivalentshift—thistimetoanewlifeasacomputer-usingpopulation.Thegaininportability,capability,ease,orderliness,accuracy,reliability,andinformation-storageoveranythingachievablebypenscribbling,typewriting,andcabinetfilingisrecognizedbyall.Theprogressforcivilizationisundeniableand,plainly,irreversible.Yet,justasthebook'striumphoverthecathedraldividedpeopleintotwogroups,oneofwhichprospered,whiletheotherlapsedintogloom,thecomputer'striumphhasalsodividedthehumanrace.Youhaveonlytobringacomputerintoaroomtoseethatsomepeoplebeginatoncetobuzzwithcuriosityandexcitement,sitdowntoconductexperiments,oohandahattheboxesandbeeps,andmastertheuseofthecomputeroranewprogramasquicklyasathletesplayingadelightfulnewgame.Buthowdifficultitis—howgrimandfrightful!—fortheotherpeople,thedefeatedclass,whosetemperamentdoesnotnaturallyrespondtocomputers.Themachinewhirrsandglowsbeforethemandtheirfacestwitch.Theymaybesplendidlyeducated,asmeasuredbybook-reading,yettheirinstinctsareallwrong,andnoamountofmanual-studyingandmouse-clickingwillmakethemright.Computersrequireasharplydifferentsetofaptitudes,and,iftheaptitudesaremissing,littlecanbedone,andmiseryisguaranteed.Isthecomputerindustryawarethatcomputershavedividedmankindintotwonew,previouslyunknownclasses,thecomputerpersonalitiesandthenon-computerpersonalities?Yes,theindustryknowsthis.Vastsumshavebeenexpendedinordertoadaptthecomputertothelimitationsofnon-computerpersonalities.Apple'sMacintosh,withitszoominganimationsandpull-downmenusandlittlepicturesoflifefoldersandwatchfacesandtrashcans,pointedtheway.Suchseductionshavesoothedtheapprehensionsofacertainnumberofthecomputer-averse.Thisspring,thecomputerindustry'seffortsarereachingaculminationofsorts.Microsoft,BillGates'giantcorporation,istobringoutaprogrampackagecalledMicrosoftBob,designedbyMrGates'wife,MelindaFrench,andintendedtorendercomputertechnologyavailableeventopeoplewhoareopenlyterrifiedofcomputers.Bob'sprincipleistotaketheseveraltasksofoperatingacomputer,renametheminafolksystyle,andassigntothemtheimagesofanidealroominidealhome,withfurnitureandbookshelves,andwithchummycartoonhelpers("FriendsofBod")toguidethecomputeruserovertheroughspots,and,inthatway,simulateanatmospherethatfeelsnothinglikecomputers.36、Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTrue?標準答案：A知識點解析：文章第一段最后一句說到“這是一種令人敬畏的通訊機器”，可見作者并沒有把鐘樓作為大眾通訊機器。37、TheprintedbookismoreprogressivethantheCathedralasacommunicationmeans,because______.標準答案：C知識點解析：從文中第二段可知。38、Theword"awesome"inthepassagemeans標準答案：B知識點解析：awesome是令人敬畏的意思，所以選B。39、Peoplewhofeelmiserablewithcomputersarethose______.標準答案：D知識點解析：從文章第四段中“Buthowdifficultitis—howgrimandfrightful!——fortheotherpeople，thedefeatedclass，whosetemperamentdoesnotnaturallyrespondtocomputers”可知。40、MelindaFrenchdesignedMicrosoftBobwhichwastoeasethemiseryofcomputerusersby______.標準答案：A知識點解析：最后一段后半部分講到，蓋茨夫人設計的，把MicrosoftB打造的人性化，不再像普通的機器，欲使公開害怕計算機人也能應用計算技術(shù)，后面三項均是他們采取的措施。三、完形填空(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Onewayofimprovingone'swritingistogetintothehabitofkeepingarecordofyourobservations,ofstoring【B1】______inanote-bookorjournal.Youshouldmakenotesonyourexperiencesandonyour【B2】______ofeverydaylifesothattheyarepreserved.Itissad【B3】______tobeabletoretrievealostideathatseemedbrilliantwhenitflashedacrossyour【B4】______,oraforgottenfactthatyouneedtomakeapointinaargumentortoillustrateaconclusion.Thejournalhabithasstill【B5】______value.Just【B6】______youneedtorecordobservations-thematerialforwriting-youneedtopracticeputtingthoughtsonpaper.Learningtowriteismorelikelearningtoski【B7】______itislikestudyingcalculusoranthropology.Practicehelpsyoudiscoverwaystoimprove.Writingdownideasforyourownuseforcesyoutoexaminethem.Puttingthoughtsonpaperforsomeoneelsetoread【B8】______youtoevaluatenot【B9】______thecontent-whatyousay—butalsotheexpression【B10】______yousayit.Manywritershavebenefitedfromthishabit.41、【B1】______標準答案：them知識點解析：指observations觀察到的一切事物。42、【B2】______標準答案：observations知識點解析：暫無解析43、【B3】______標準答案：not知識點解析：句意為：不可能尋回。44、【B4】______標準答案：mind知識點解析：組成acrossone’smind短語，意為閃過人們腦海。45、【B5】______標準答案：another知識點解析：指還有加一種價值。46、【B6】______標準答案：as知識點解析：justas正像…一樣。47、【B7】______標準答案：than知識點解析：Morethan句型。48、【B8】______標準答案：forces知識點解析：和前面句子“writingdownideas．．．forcesyoutoexaminethem”相呼應。49、【B9】______標準答案：only知識點解析：為notonly……butalso的句型。50、【B10】______標準答案：how知識點解析：和前面“whatyousay”相呼應。四、短文改錯(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)【S1】"Humanism"hasusedtomeantoomanythingstobeaverysatisfactoryterm.【S2】Nevertheless,andinthelackofabetterword,【S3】Ishalluseitheretoexplainforthecomplexofattitudeswhichthisdiscussionhasundertakentodefend.【S4】Inthissenseahumanistisanyonewhorejectstheattempttodescribeoraccountofmanwhollyonthebasisofphysics,chemistry,andanimalbehavior.【S5】Heisanyonewhobelievesthatwill,reason,andpurposearerealandsignificant:thatvalueand.justiceareaspectsofarealitycalledgoodandevilandrestsuponsomefoundationotherthancustom;【S6】thatconsciousnessissofarfromamereepiphenomenonthatitisthemosttremendousofactualities;【S7】thattheunmeasuredmaybesignificant;or,tosumitallup,【S8】thatthosehumanrealitieswhichsometimesseemtoexistonlyinhumanmindaretheperceptionsofthemind.【S9】Heis,inotherwords,anyonewhosaysthattherearemorethingsinheavenandearththanthosedreamedofinthepositivistphilosophy.【S10】Originally,tothesure,thetermhumanistmeantsimplyanyonewhothoughtthestudyofancientliteraturehischiefconcern.Obviouslyitmeans,asIuseit,verymuchmore.【S11】ButthereremainsneverthelessacertainconnectionbetweentheaboriginalmeaningandthatIamattemptingtogiveit.【S12】BecausethosewhomIdescribeashumanistsusuallyrecognizethatliteratureandtheartshavebeenpretty,consistently"onitsside"and【S13】becauseitisoftentoliteraturethattheytunatorenewtheirfaithinthewholeclassoftruthswhichthemodernworldhassoconsistentlytendedtodismissasthemerefigmentsofawishfulthinkingimagination.【S14】Insofarasthismodemworldgiveslessandlessattentiontoitsliterarypast,insofarasitdismissesthatassomethingoutgrowand【S15】tobediscardedasmuchastheimperfecttechnologycontemporarywithithasbeendiscarded,【S16】justtothatextentitfacilitatethesurrenderofhumanismtotechnology.【S17】Theliteratureistobefound,directlyexpressedor,【S18】moreoften,indirectlyimpliedthemosteffectivecorrectiontotheviewsnowmostprevalentamongthethinkingandunthinking.【S19】Thegreatimaginativewriterspresentapictureofhumannatureandofhumanlifewhichcarriesconvictionandthusgivingthelietoallattemptstoreducemantoamechanism.Novelsandpoems,anddramasaresopersistentlyconcernedwiththevalueswhichrelativismrejectsthatonemightevendefineliteratureastheattempttopassvaluejudgmentsuponrepresentationsofhumanlife.【S20】Moreoftenthannotthoseofitsimaginativepersonswhofailtoachievepowerandwealtharemoresuccessfulthanthosewhodonot—bystandardswhichtheimaginativewriterpersuadesnstoacceptasvalid.51、【S1】標準答案：hasused→hasbeenused知識點解析：該句應用完成時態(tài)。52、【S2】標準答案：lack→absence知識點解析：intheabsenceof固定搭配。53、【S3】標準答案：explain→stand知識點解析：standfor表示，代表。54、【S4】標準答案：of→for知識點解析：accountfor說明，證明。55、【S5】標準答案：rests→rest知識點解析：valueandjustice兩個對象，相當于復數(shù)。56、【S6】標準答案：froma→frombeinga知識點解析：應加being。57、【S7】標準答案：unmeasure→immeasurable知識點解析：限定詞+形容詞表示一類事、物或一類人。58、【S8】標準答案：inhuman→inthehuman知識點解析：應加定冠詞the。59、【S9】標準答案：those→thoseare知識點解析：這里指比夢想的事情還要多，所以要用被動aredreamed。60、【S10】標準答案：thought→made知識點解析：Makesth．．．的句型，這里意義為：使研究古代文學成為他首要關(guān)心的事。61、【S11】標準答案：thatI→whichI知識點解析：定語從句修飾that，句意是“原始意義和我試圖給它的意義之間存在著一定的聯(lián)系?！?2、【S12】標準答案：its→their知識點解析：根據(jù)上下文應是他們的。63、【S13】標準答案：wishful→wishfully知識點解析：修飾thinking。64、【S14】標準答案：outgrow→outgrown知識點解析：過去分詞修飾something。65、【S15】標準答案：as→as知識點解析：與前一句對稱。66、【S16】標準答案：extentit→extentdoesit知識點解析：該句為倒裝句。67、【S17】標準答案：The→In知識點解析：主語太長，置于句后，正常語序應為themosteffectivecorrectiontotheviews．．．inliteratureistobefound。68、【S18】標準答案：unthinking→unthinkingalike知識點解析：暫無解析69、【S19】標準答案：giving→gives知識點解析：和carries并列謂語動詞。70、【S20】標準答案：imaginative→imagined知識點解析：根據(jù)句義，這里不是指富于想象力的人，而是指虛構(gòu)的人。五、寫作(本題共1題，每題1.0分，共1分。)71、Directions:Writeashortcompositionofabout250to300wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.(15%)Topic:Whatisthemosturgentissuefacingtheworldpeopleinthe21stcentury?Stateyourreasons.標準答案：Whatisthemosturgentissuefacingtheworldpeopleinthe21stcentury?Inmyopinion,themosturgentproblemtheworldpeoplefacingiseducation.Associetydevelops,thedevelopmentoftechnology,thetrainingofprofessionalsinvariousfieldsdependoneducation.Withoutit,therewouldbenocivilizationandmodernizationatall.The21stcenturyisaninformationage.Newtechnologydeterminesone’ssuccessorfailureinthecompetitiveworld.Ifacountrycan’tlevelitselfuptotheleadingstageoftechnologicaladvance,thenitwillnotbeabletocompeteeffectivelyandmayfallfurtherbehinditsforeigncompetitors.Thisisaworldtrend;nooneincludingindividualcanignore.Computeristhebrighteststarintechnology.Itallowsvastlyincreasingproductionforthosewhoarcabletomasterit.Butitalsothreatensthosewhofailtoadoptitwithpermanentsecond-classcitizenshipintheworldeconomy.Soinbroadsense,wemaysay,tomastercomputermeansthemasteryoftheworld.Andcomputerisacombinationofartsandtechnology.Onlythrougheducation,canwetrainvarioustalentedpersonsrequired.Theyinturndevelopnewfangledcomputersandspuroursocietyforward.Inordertocatchupwiththeworldlevel,acountrymustquickenthestepsofeducationalreform,especiallyinuniversities—thecradleofknowledge,thebaseofscience,thetrainingcenterofqualifiedpersons.Alargesumoffundsshouldbeinvestedtomodernizedlaboratoriesandlibraries,tointroducetalentedprofessionals,thuslayingthefoundationforofferingadvancedcourses.Withstrongbasisofeducation,wecanstanduptowhateverdifficulties.知識點解析：暫無解析六、句子變換(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)Charmistheultimateweapon,thesupremeseduction,againstwhichtherearefewdefenses.Ifyou'vegotit,youneedalmostnothingelse,neithermoney,looks,norpedigree.Itisagift,onlygiventogiveaway,andthemoreusedthemorethereis.Itisalsoaclimateofbehaviorsetforperpetualsummerandcontrolledbytasteandtact.Realcharmisdynamic,anenvelopingspellwhichmysteriouslyenslavesthesenses.Itisaninnerlight,fedonreservoirsofbenevolencewhichwelluplikeathermalspring.Itisunconscious,oftennothingbutthewishtoplease,andcannotbeturnedonandoffatwill.Yourecognizecharmbythefellingyougetinitspresence.Youknowwhohasit.Butcanyougetit,too?Probably,youcan't,becauseit'saquicknessofspirit,anoriginalityoftouchyouhavetobebornwith.Orit'ssomethingthatgrowsnaturallyoutofanotherquality,likethesimpledesiretomakepeoplehappy.Certainly,charmisnotaquestionoflearningtricks,likewrinklingyournose,orhavingalaughinyourvoice,orgailytossingyourhairoutofyourdancingeyes.Suchsigns,tothenervous,areominouswarningswhichmaywellsendhimstreakingforcove.Ontheotherhand,thereisanantenna,abuilt-inawarenessofothers,whichmostpeoplehave,andwhichcarecannourish.Butinastudyofcharm,whatelsedoesonelookfor?Apartfromtheabilitytolisten-rarestofallhumanvirtuesandmostdifficulttosustainwith