陜西省咸陽(yáng)市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第二次月考試題含解析

PAGE25-陜西省咸陽(yáng)市試驗(yàn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期其次次月考試題（含解析）第I卷（共90分）第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）該部分分為第一、其次兩節(jié)。留意：回答聽(tīng)力部分時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束時(shí)，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀(guān)題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeexercise.C.GettingLydiaagift.2.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Helptheman.B.Takeabus.C.Getacamera.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.TellKatetostop.B.CallKate’sfriends.C.StayawayfromKate.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inawineshop.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Keepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.C.Turnonthefan.其次節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Teachacourse.B.Repairhishouse.C.Workatahotel.7.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuybooks.C.Topayforaboattrip.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Colleagues.C.Roommates.9.WhatdoesFrankplantodorightaftergraduation?A.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tobookahotel.B.Toaskabouttheroomservice.C.Tomakechangestoareservation.11.Whenwillthewomanarriveatthehotel?A.OnSeptember15.B.OnSeptember16.C.OnSeptember23.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherroompernight?A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’splanforSaturday?A.Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.14.WherewillthewomanstayinKeswick?A.Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt’shome.15.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend?A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.Jointhewoman.16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon’scomingweekend?A.Relaxed.B.Boring.C.Busy.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisWangMing?A.Astudent.B.Anemployer.C.Anengineer.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear?A.It’sunpredictable.B.It’squitestable.C.It’snotoptimistic.19.Whatpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow?A.20%B.22%.C.50%.20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob?A.Theyneedmoreworkexperience.B.Thesalaryisusuallygood.C.Theirchoiceislimited.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。ASharewithus!Wouldyouliketohaveyourwritingpublishedinthismagazine?Thenletusknow!Wepayforstories,anecdotesandjokes:AnecdotesandJokes$50What’smadeyoulaughrecently?Afunnysign?Acolleague’sbehaviour?Gotajoke?SenditinforLaughteristheBestMedicine!Email:Juliet@swsSmartAnimalsUpto$100Sendusataleaboutthestrangebehaviourofuniquepetsorwildlifeinupto300words.Email:audrey@swsPowerofLoveUpto$150Actsofgenerositycanchangelivesorjustgiveyouthatwarmfeelingfulloflove.Shareyourmomentsin100-500words.Email:susan@swsMyStory$350Doyouhaveaninspiringorlife-changingstorytotell?Yourstorymustbetrue,unpublished,originaland800-1000words.Email:nanjc@swsFormoreinformation,pleasevisit:://sws./share1.Howmuchwillthemagazinepayforajoketobepublished?A.$50. B.$100. C.$150. D.$350.2.Ifyouwanttoshareastoryofyourpetswiththereaders,youneedtosubmititto________.A.AnecdotesandJokes B.SmartAnimalsC.PowerofLove D.MyStory3.Astoryshowingpeople’sgenerosityshouldbeemailedtotheeditorat________.A.juliet@sws B.susan@swsC.Audrey@sws D.nanjc@sws4.Aninspiringstorysenttothemagazineshould________.A.describestrangebehaviour B.containlessthan800wordsC.berealandoriginal D.bepublishedbefore【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇廣告。是某個(gè)雜志的一個(gè)征稿啟示，具體介紹了各個(gè)版塊征稿的要求和稿費(fèi)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AnecdotesandJokes部分提到的$50可知，刊登一個(gè)笑話(huà)付費(fèi)50美元。故選A項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)SmartAnimals部分提到的句子“Sendusataleaboutthestrangebehaviourofuniquepetsorwildlifeinupto300words.(用300個(gè)字給我們講一個(gè)關(guān)于獨(dú)特寵物或野生動(dòng)物驚奇行為的故事)”可知，假如你想與讀者共享寵物故事，應(yīng)提交給SmartAnimals。故選B項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)PowerofLove部分提到的句子“Actsofgenerositycanchangelivesorjustgiveyouthatwarmfeelingfulloflove.Shareyourmomentsin100-500words.Email:susan@sws(慷慨的行為可以變更生活，或者只是給你充溢愛(ài)的暖和感覺(jué)．用100-500個(gè)單詞共享你的時(shí)刻．電子郵箱：susan@sws．com)”可知，展示人們慷慨的故事應(yīng)發(fā)送電子郵件到郵箱是susan@sws的編輯。故選B正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MyStory部分提到的句子“Yourstorymustbetrue,unpublished,originaland800-1000words.”可知，發(fā)送給雜志的鼓舞人的故事應(yīng)是真實(shí)的原創(chuàng)的。故選C項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】對(duì)閱讀理解實(shí)力的測(cè)試是英語(yǔ)考試中必不行少的測(cè)試項(xiàng)目，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)于不同體裁或不同題材語(yǔ)言材料的理解實(shí)力，以及通過(guò)材料的閱讀，對(duì)材料中信息的捕獲實(shí)力。測(cè)試中細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題的考查占的比重最大，因此學(xué)生應(yīng)對(duì)這樣的試題賜予足夠的重視。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，顧名思義，就是指針對(duì)文章的某個(gè)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)而設(shè)置的試題。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題的命題方法許多，例如對(duì)某個(gè)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進(jìn)行考查，也可能是將文章中的幾個(gè)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)（通常是四個(gè)）放在一起要求考生推斷是非（選出正確的一項(xiàng)或選出錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng)）或?qū)讉€(gè)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行排序等。解答這類(lèi)試題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即依據(jù)題干或選項(xiàng)中的線(xiàn)索詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案（此時(shí)要特殊留意一些常見(jiàn)的同義轉(zhuǎn)換）。同時(shí)學(xué)生也應(yīng)留意一些做題技巧。1.關(guān)鍵信息定位法。如涉及到數(shù)字（日期、時(shí)間、價(jià)格等），就可以在文章中快速圈出數(shù)字，再找出目標(biāo)數(shù)字及相對(duì)應(yīng)的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)信息，還有人物姓名、地點(diǎn)名詞等等，其他的還包括一些提示情節(jié)發(fā)展，或條綱性關(guān)鍵字眼，如First，Next，F(xiàn)inally等等。例如：第一題1.Howmuchwillthemagazinepayforajoketobepublished?A.$50.B.$100.C.$150.D.$350.文章中給出不同文章不同的稿酬，依據(jù)題干可以定位在第一部分AnecdotesandJokes$50，因此可知刊登一個(gè)笑話(huà)付費(fèi)50美元。故選A項(xiàng)正確。2.同義定位法。同義定位就是指問(wèn)題所用的關(guān)鍵詞和文中的不一樣，但屬于同義性質(zhì)，同義轉(zhuǎn)換其實(shí)是在關(guān)鍵詞的基礎(chǔ)上拐了個(gè)彎?？傊?，在閱讀中，精準(zhǔn)快速的定位加上正確的理解力才能保證做題的量與質(zhì)。定位法是須要在做題的過(guò)程中有意識(shí)的培育的，做題的技巧也是可以總結(jié)的，關(guān)鍵是要自覺(jué)培育這種分析歸納和總結(jié)的意識(shí)以及實(shí)力。BPapa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreducationwasfortherichthen.So,theworldbecamehisschool.Withgreatinterest,hereadeverythinghecouldlayhishandson,listenedtothetowneldersandlearnedabouttheworldbeyondhistinyhometown."There'ssomuchtolearn,"he'dsay."Thoughwe'rebornstupid,onlythestupidremainthatway.”Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedeniedaneducation.Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.Though,aschildren,wethoughtthiswascrazy,itwouldneverhaveoccurredtoustodenyPapaarequest.Anddinnertimeseemedperfectforsharingwhatwehadlearned.Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday;nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.Papawouldlistencarefullyandwasreadywithsomecomment,alwaystothepoint.Thencamethemoment—thetimetosharetheday'snewlearning.Papa,attheheadofthetable,wouldpushbackhischairandpouraglassofredwine,readytolisten."Felice,"he'dsay,"tellmewhatyoulearnedtoday.”"IlearnedthatthepopulationofNepalis”Silence.Papawasthinkingaboutwhatwassaid,asifthesalvationoftheworldwoulddependuponit.“ThepopulationofNepal.Hmm.Well....”he’dsay.“Getthemap;let'sseewhereNepalis.”AndthewholefamilywentonasearchforNepal.Thissameexperiencewasrepeateduntileachfamilymemberhadaturn.Dinnerendedonlyafterwehadaclearunderstandingofatleasthalfadozensuchfacts.Aschildren,wethoughtverylittleabouttheseeducationalwonders.Ourfamily,however,wasgrowingtogether,sharingexperiencesandparticipatinginoneanother'seducation.Andbylookingatus,listeningtous,respectingourinput,affirmingourvalue,givingusasenseofdignity,Papawasunquestionablyourmostinfluentialteacher.Laterduringmytrainingasafutureteacher,Istudiedwithsomeofthemostfamouseducators.TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong—thevalueofcontinuallearning.Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.Notasingledayhasbeenwasted,thoughIcannevertellwhenknowingthepopulationofNepalmightproveuseful.5.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theauthor'sfatherwasborninaworker'sfamily.B.Thosebornstupidcouldnotchangetheirlife.C.Thetownelderswantedtolearnabouttheworld.D.Thepoorcouldhardlyaffordschooleducation.6.Theunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto.A.onenewthing B.arequestC.thenews D.somecomment7.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheauthor.A.enjoyedtalkingaboutnewsBknewverywellaboutNepalC.feltregretaboutthosewasteddaysD.appreciatedhisfather'seducationaltechnique8.Theauthor'sfathercanbebestdescribedas.A.aneducatorexpertattrainingfutureteachersB.aparentinsistentonhischildren'seducationC.aparticipantwillingtosharehisknowledgeD.ateacherstrictabouteverythinghisstudentsdid【答案】5.D6.C7.D8.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者的父親雖然出身窮苦人家很早就輟學(xué)了，但重視學(xué)習(xí)和教化，要求家人們每天在晚飯時(shí)共享今日所學(xué)的學(xué)問(wèn)，這一習(xí)慣對(duì)作者影響深遠(yuǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“Papa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreducationwasfortherichthen.”可知，作者的父親早早輟學(xué)就是因?yàn)榧抑胸毨?，那時(shí)的教化只有富人才能享受得起。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段劃線(xiàn)詞所在句“Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday;nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.”可知，每天作者一家人會(huì)談?wù)摻袢找?jiàn)聞，不論有多么不值一提，都會(huì)被仔細(xì)對(duì)待，明顯這里的it指代的就是thenewsoftheday。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong—thevalueofcontinuallearning.Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.”可知，作者父親傳遞的堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)的思想，讓作者在自己的教室生涯乃至一生中都受益匪淺，可見(jiàn)作者對(duì)父親的教化理念是心存感謝的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedeniedaneducation.”和其次段第一句“Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.”可知，作者的父親決心讓自己的孩子接受教化，并且堅(jiān)持終身學(xué)習(xí)的理念，B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)堅(jiān)持讓子女接受教化的父親”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義揣測(cè)題是閱讀理解中常見(jiàn)的一種題型，要求考生精確理解文中某些關(guān)鍵單詞或詞組的含義，包括對(duì)超綱詞義的推斷以及熟詞生義的揣測(cè)，須要通過(guò)上下文得出其在特定場(chǎng)合的含義。揣測(cè)詞義的方法一般有以下幾種：1.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法（派生、合成、轉(zhuǎn)化）揣測(cè)。2.通過(guò)已有的同義詞或反義詞揣測(cè)，即在上下文找出該生詞的其他表示方法，由此推斷其含義。3.通過(guò)同位語(yǔ)揣測(cè)。4.通過(guò)說(shuō)明性的詞語(yǔ)，如thatis，thatistosay，inotherwords等，以及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如破折號(hào)、括號(hào)等引出的對(duì)該詞的說(shuō)明性詞、句揣測(cè)。5.通過(guò)具體語(yǔ)境中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的某種關(guān)系，如因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等進(jìn)行揣測(cè)。第2小題的指代揣測(cè)就是結(jié)合語(yǔ)境在前句中找出對(duì)應(yīng)的指代對(duì)象，由此作出了推斷。CInancientEgyptashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略).Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Forexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,thewomen’sshoesectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosmetics(化妝品)section:whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderoverandfindsomecosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,sotheymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwineswentup.Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.9.Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?A.Tosavecustomerstime. B.Toshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.C.Tohelpselljunkfood. D.Tosellthematdiscountprices.10.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?A.Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning. B.DisplayingBritishwinesnexttoFrenchones.C.Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic. D.Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.11.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers’taste.D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomers.B.Tointroducehowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.C.Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.D.Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.【答案】9.C10.D11.D12.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。自從古埃及的一家店主發(fā)覺(jué)了可以通過(guò)變更商場(chǎng)的環(huán)境吸引顧客以來(lái)，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中越來(lái)越多的商場(chǎng)采納了這種商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。即利用商店的布局，物品的擺設(shè)，甚至食品的氣味來(lái)刺激顧客對(duì)商品的購(gòu)買(mǎi)。此外，房地產(chǎn)的銷(xiāo)售部門(mén)也在運(yùn)用這一高回報(bào)的銷(xiāo)售策略?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.可知，他們知道，首先購(gòu)買(mǎi)健康食品的顧客會(huì)感到興奮，因此他們會(huì)在以后的旅行中購(gòu)買(mǎi)更多的垃圾食品。所以把水果放在惹眼的位置是為了吸引消費(fèi)者，然后在不知不覺(jué)中購(gòu)買(mǎi)稍后要看到的那些垃圾食品。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping可知，商店留意到烘焙食品的味道激勵(lì)購(gòu)物。由此推斷出烤面包的味道能夠起到刺激消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的目的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。文章末段提出Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.可知，他們發(fā)覺(jué)顧客在進(jìn)門(mén)的最初幾秒鐘就做出確定，這就是一個(gè)商機(jī)。然后講解并描述加利福尼亞賣(mài)房者的故事，由此推斷加州建筑商的故事想要證明良好的第一印象會(huì)增加銷(xiāo)售額。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。自從古埃及的一家店主發(fā)覺(jué)了可以通過(guò)變更商場(chǎng)的環(huán)境吸引顧客以來(lái)，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中越來(lái)越多的商場(chǎng)采納了這種商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。即利用商店的布局，物品的擺設(shè)，甚至食品的氣味來(lái)刺激顧客對(duì)商品的購(gòu)買(mǎi)。此外，房地產(chǎn)的銷(xiāo)售部門(mén)也在運(yùn)用這一高回報(bào)的銷(xiāo)售策略。所以這篇短文的主要目的是說(shuō)明企業(yè)如何把人變成顧客。故選A項(xiàng)。DFLORENCE,Italy—SvetlanaCojochrufeelshurt.TheMoldovanhaslivedheresevenyearsasacaregivertoItaliankidsandelderly,butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatestwhichrequireshertowriteapostcardtoanimaginaryfriendandanswerafictionaljobad.ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration(融合).Otherssayit’sonlynaturalthatnewcomerslearnthelanguageoftheirhostnation,seeingitasaconditiontoensuretheycancontributetosociety.OtherEuropeancountrieslaiddownasimilarrequirementforimmigrants,andsometermsareeventougher.Thegovernmentsarguethatthiswillhelpforeignersbetterjointhesocietyandpromoteunderstandingacrosscultures.Italy,whichhasamuchweakertraditionofimmigration,haswitnessedasharpincreaseinimmigrationinrecentyears.In1990,immigrantsnumberedsome1.14millionoutofItaly’sthen56.7millionpeople,orabout2percent.Atthestartofthisyear,foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4.56millionofatotalpopulationof60.6million,or7.5percent,withimmigrants’childrenaccountingforaneverlargerpercentageofbirthsinItaly.Cojochru,theMoldovancaregiver,hopedobtainingpermanentresidence(居住權(quán))wouldhelpherbringhertwochildrentoItaly;theylivewithhersisterinMoldova,wheresalariesareamongthelowestinEurope.Shewasskepticalthatthelanguagerequirementwouldencourageintegration.Italiansalways＂seemeasaforeigner,＂anoutsider,eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently,shesaid.13.WhydoesCojochruhavetotakealanguagetest?A.TocontinuetostayinItaly.B.ToteachherchildrenItalian.C.TofindabetterjobinItalyD.TobettermixwiththeItalians.14.Somepeopleworrythatthenewlanguagerequirementmay____________.A.reduceItaly’spopulationquicklyB.causeconflictsamongpeopleC.leadtofinancialdifficultiesD.putpressureonschools15.WhatdoweknowaboutCojochru?A.SheliveswithhersisternowinItaly.B.SheenjoyslearningtheItalianlanguage.C.ShespeaksItalianwellenoughforherjob.D.Shewishestogobacktoherhomecountry.【答案】13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。首先向我們呈現(xiàn)出這樣一種現(xiàn)象：一位叫SvetlanaCojochru的摩爾多瓦人移民到意大利，但為了能夠接著留在意大利，她必需進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言測(cè)試；接著向我們闡述對(duì)外來(lái)民進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言測(cè)試的緣由以及對(duì)此的不同聲音，然后介紹了意大利的移民史，最終告知我們Cojochru的居住現(xiàn)狀：工資水平很低，而且雖然在意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍會(huì)把她當(dāng)作外國(guó)人來(lái)看?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatest…”可知，Cojochru為了能夠接著留在意大利才要參與語(yǔ)言考試的。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration”,可知一些人擔(dān)憂(yōu)對(duì)語(yǔ)言水平的要求可能會(huì)造成人與人之間的不包涵。由此推斷出有些人擔(dān)憂(yōu)新的語(yǔ)言要求可能會(huì)引起人與人之間的沖突。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“eventhoughshe‘sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently”可知Cojochru的意大利語(yǔ)已經(jīng)說(shuō)的很流利了，足夠應(yīng)付工作。故選C。其次節(jié)（（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Trainingforamarathon(馬拉松)requirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.___16___,buythebest-fittingrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.___17___.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.___18___,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.___19___.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.___20___.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.A.AftersixdaysB.ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.BeforeyoubeginyourtrainingD.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.IftheystillfeelgoodyoucanbeginrunninginthemF.TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.D20.G【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了進(jìn)行馬拉松訓(xùn)練的具體做法。首先要為訓(xùn)練做好打算：打算好跑鞋以及訓(xùn)練前的熱身動(dòng)作。第一周：訓(xùn)練跑步時(shí)間的逐天增加；其次周：訓(xùn)練跑步距離的逐天增加；兩周后，起先計(jì)時(shí)跑，制訂逐步提高跑步時(shí)間和距離的安排?！?6題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)空后buythebest-fittingrunningshoesyoucanfind（買(mǎi)一雙你能找到的最合適的跑鞋）可知，此處是為了跑馬拉松進(jìn)行的打算工作。由此可知，C項(xiàng)Beforeyoubeginyourtraining（在你起先訓(xùn)練之前）符合文意。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)空前Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.（當(dāng)你找到一雙合適的鞋子，穿上幾天再檢查一下是否合腳）可知，E選項(xiàng)中they指的是前面提到的shoes，屬于指代一樣性，另外feelgood與thefit有關(guān)。由此可知，E項(xiàng)Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthem（假如它們?nèi)耘f感覺(jué)不錯(cuò)，你就可以穿著它們起先跑步了）符合文意。故選E.【18題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)空前Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.（在第一周，不要考慮距離，而是每天多跑5分鐘。）可知，此處提到了一周七天的時(shí)間。再依據(jù)空后itiswisetotakeadayofftorest（明智的做法是休息一天）可知，剩余的就是六天的時(shí)間。由此可知，A項(xiàng)Aftersixdays（六天后）符合文意。故選A.【19題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)空前面Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.（但在接下來(lái)的一周，設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)，每次跑步至少1.5英里）可知，此處指在距離上起先制定目標(biāo)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmile（每天增加半英里的距離）符合文意。故選D.【20題詳解】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)上文Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.（在第一周，不要考慮距離，而是每天多跑5分鐘。但在接下來(lái)的一周，設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)，每次跑步至少1.5英里）及Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.（兩周后起先計(jì)時(shí)）可知，此處提到了逐日增加跑步的時(shí)間和長(zhǎng)度，兩周后最自己起先計(jì)時(shí)。由此可知，G項(xiàng)Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime.（現(xiàn)在，你打算好去制定一個(gè)提高距離和時(shí)間的目標(biāo)）符合文意。故選G.第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The___21___isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof___22___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe___23___athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto___24___anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.___25___modernmanufacturing(制造業(yè))andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland___26___.Anothercauseisour___27___ofdisposable(一次性的)products.As___28___people,wearealwayslookingfor___29___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies____30____thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso____31____totheproblem.Weare____32____buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat____33____isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe____34____usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe____35____ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To____36____theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe____37____,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.____38____,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解決)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions____39____throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout____40____.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.21.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem22.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products23.A.face B.become C.observe D.change24.A.hide B.control C.replace D.withdraw25.A.Thanksto B.Asto C.Exceptfor D.Regardlessof26.A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful27.A.love B.lack C.prevention D.division28.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave D.busy29.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends30.A.donate B.receive C.produce D.preserve31.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes32.A.tiredof B.addictedto C.worriedabout D.ashamedfor33.A.newer B.stronger C.higher D.larger34.A.pickup B.payfor C.holdonto D.throwaway35.A.advantages B.purposes C.functions D.consequences36.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure37.A.technology B.environment C.consumers D.brands38.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile39.A.by B.infavourof C.after D.insteadof40.A.spending B.collecting C.repairing D.advertising【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.D36.C37.B38.A39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是積累如山的垃圾給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的影響。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們傾向于扔掉用舊了的東西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包裝盒等一次性產(chǎn)品給人們帶來(lái)便利的同時(shí)，也給環(huán)境帶來(lái)很大的壓力?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)栴}是，世界各國(guó)的垃圾積累如山，因?yàn)槿藗內(nèi)映龅睦纫酝魏螘r(shí)候都多。A.key答案；B.reason緣由；C.project項(xiàng)目；D.problem問(wèn)題。依據(jù)上文Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.可知，此處指帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：?jiǎn)栴}是，世界各國(guó)的垃圾積累如山，因?yàn)槿藗內(nèi)映龅睦纫酝魏螘r(shí)候都多。A.gifts禮物；B.rubbish垃圾；C.debt債務(wù)；D.products產(chǎn)品。依據(jù)下文中的throwingoutmorerubbish可知，此處指如山的垃圾。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)绾纬蔀橐粋€(gè)一次性的社會(huì)的？A.face面對(duì)；B.become成為；C.observe視察；D.change變更。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處在問(wèn)我們?nèi)绾纬蔀榱艘粋€(gè)一次性的社會(huì)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，現(xiàn)在替換一個(gè)物體要比花時(shí)間和金錢(qián)來(lái)修復(fù)它更簡(jiǎn)單。A.hide隱藏；B.control限制；C.replace代替；D.withdraw撤退。依據(jù)下文thantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.可知，我們可以更簡(jiǎn)單地替換一個(gè)物體。故選C。【25題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：由于現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)，公司能夠快速而廉價(jià)地制造產(chǎn)品。A.Thanksto幸虧，由于；B.Asto至于，關(guān)于；C.Exceptfor除……之外；D.Regardlessof不管，不顧。依據(jù)句意可知，此處表示緣由。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：產(chǎn)品豐富多樣并且廉價(jià)。A.safe平安的；B.funny滑稽可笑的；C.cheap便宜的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的，強(qiáng)有力的。依據(jù)上文___5___modernmanufacturing(制造業(yè))andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.可知，產(chǎn)品豐富多樣并且廉價(jià)。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：另一個(gè)緣由是我們對(duì)一次性產(chǎn)品的寵愛(ài)。A.love愛(ài)；B.lack缺乏；C.prevention預(yù)防，阻擋；D.division部門(mén)，分割。依據(jù)下文As___8___people,wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.可知，我們寵愛(ài)一次性產(chǎn)品。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為勞碌的人，我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時(shí)間和使我們的生活更簡(jiǎn)單的方法。A.sensitive敏感的；B.kind親善的；C.brave英勇的；D.busy勞碌的。依據(jù)下文tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，勞碌的人總是在找尋節(jié)約時(shí)間和使我們的生活更簡(jiǎn)單的方法。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為勞碌的人，我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時(shí)間和使我們的生活更簡(jiǎn)單的方法。A.ways方法；B.places地方；C.jobs工作；D.friends摯友。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時(shí)間和使我們的生活更簡(jiǎn)單的方法。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：公司生產(chǎn)成千上萬(wàn)的不同種類(lèi)的一次性產(chǎn)品：紙盤(pán)子、塑料杯、照相機(jī)等等。A.donate捐贈(zèng)；B.receive收到；C.produce生產(chǎn)；D.preserve愛(ài)護(hù)，維持。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指公司生產(chǎn)成千上萬(wàn)的不同種類(lèi)的一次性產(chǎn)品。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的需求也導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。A.adaptsto適應(yīng)；改編；B.returnsto返回；回復(fù)；C.respondsto對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)；D.contributesto有助于，導(dǎo)致。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指導(dǎo)致了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們熱衷于購(gòu)買(mǎi)新東西。A.tiredof對(duì)……厭倦；B.addictedto對(duì)……上癮，癡迷于……；C.worriedabout擔(dān)憂(yōu)；D.ashamedfor為……感到慚愧。依據(jù)上文Ourappetitefornewproductsalso___11___totheproblem.可知，我們熱衷于購(gòu)買(mǎi)新東西。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：廣告勸服我們，越新越好，我們會(huì)更樂(lè)于運(yùn)用最新產(chǎn)品。A.newer更新的；B.stronger更強(qiáng)的；C.higher更高的；D.larger更大的。依據(jù)下文thatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.可知，廣告勸服我們，產(chǎn)品越新越好。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：結(jié)果是，我們?nèi)拥粲杏玫臇|西，為新的物品騰出空間。A.pickup撿起，學(xué)會(huì)；B.payfor付款；賠償；C.holdonto緊緊抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D.throwaway扔掉，丟棄。依據(jù)下文tomakeroomfornewones.可知，此處指扔掉有用的東西，為新的物品騰出空間。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在世界各地，我們可以看到這種一次性生活方式的后果。A.advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)；B.purposes目的；C.functions功能；D.consequences后果，結(jié)果。依據(jù)下文Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.可知，此處指一次性生活方式的后果。故選D。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了削減垃圾的數(shù)量和愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境，越來(lái)越多的政府要求人們回收材料。A.show顯示，表明；B.record記錄，記載；C.decrease削減；D.measure測(cè)量，權(quán)衡。依據(jù)下文moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此處指為了削減垃圾的數(shù)量。故選C。【37題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：A.technology技術(shù)；B.environment環(huán)境；C.consumers消費(fèi)者；D.brands品牌。依據(jù)下文moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此處指愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境。故選B。【38題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這并不足以解決我們的問(wèn)題。A.However可是，然而；B.Otherwise否則；C．Therefore所以；D.Meanwhile與此同時(shí)。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查介詞（短語(yǔ)）辨析。句意：我們須要修復(fù)我們的財(cái)產(chǎn)而不是丟棄。A.by通過(guò)；B.infavourof支持，贊成；C.after在……之后；D.insteadof而不是。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后是對(duì)比關(guān)系。故選D。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還須要重新思索我們對(duì)消費(fèi)的看法。A.spending消費(fèi)；B.collecting收集；C.repairing修復(fù)；D.advertising作廣告。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指重新思索我們對(duì)消費(fèi)的看法。故選A。第Ⅱ卷第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）其次節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible____41____(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand____42____work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____43____(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover____44____top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines____45____(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen____46____(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesm