陜西省咸陽市實驗中學2024-2025學年高二英語上學期第二次月考試題含解析

PAGE25-陜西省咸陽市試驗中學2024-2025學年高二英語上學期其次次月考試題（含解析）第I卷（共90分）第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）該部分分為第一、其次兩節(jié)。留意：回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束時，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeexercise.C.GettingLydiaagift.2.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Helptheman.B.Takeabus.C.Getacamera.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.TellKatetostop.B.CallKate’sfriends.C.StayawayfromKate.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inawineshop.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Keepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.C.Turnonthefan.其次節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Teachacourse.B.Repairhishouse.C.Workatahotel.7.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuybooks.C.Topayforaboattrip.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Colleagues.C.Roommates.9.WhatdoesFrankplantodorightaftergraduation?A.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tobookahotel.B.Toaskabouttheroomservice.C.Tomakechangestoareservation.11.Whenwillthewomanarriveatthehotel?A.OnSeptember15.B.OnSeptember16.C.OnSeptember23.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherroompernight?A.$179.B.$199.C.$219.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’splanforSaturday?A.Goingshopping.B.Goingcamping.C.Goingboating.14.WherewillthewomanstayinKeswick?A.Inacountryinn.B.Inafive-starhotel.C.Inheraunt’shome.15.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend?A.Visithisfriends.B.WatchDVDs.C.Jointhewoman.16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon’scomingweekend?A.Relaxed.B.Boring.C.Busy.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisWangMing?A.Astudent.B.Anemployer.C.Anengineer.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear?A.It’sunpredictable.B.It’squitestable.C.It’snotoptimistic.19.Whatpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow?A.20%B.22%.C.50%.20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob?A.Theyneedmoreworkexperience.B.Thesalaryisusuallygood.C.Theirchoiceislimited.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。ASharewithus!Wouldyouliketohaveyourwritingpublishedinthismagazine?Thenletusknow!Wepayforstories,anecdotesandjokes:AnecdotesandJokes$50What’smadeyoulaughrecently?Afunnysign?Acolleague’sbehaviour?Gotajoke?SenditinforLaughteristheBestMedicine!Email:Juliet@swsSmartAnimalsUpto$100Sendusataleaboutthestrangebehaviourofuniquepetsorwildlifeinupto300words.Email:audrey@swsPowerofLoveUpto$150Actsofgenerositycanchangelivesorjustgiveyouthatwarmfeelingfulloflove.Shareyourmomentsin100-500words.Email:susan@swsMyStory$350Doyouhaveaninspiringorlife-changingstorytotell?Yourstorymustbetrue,unpublished,originaland800-1000words.Email:nanjc@swsFormoreinformation,pleasevisit:://sws./share1.Howmuchwillthemagazinepayforajoketobepublished?A.$50. B.$100. C.$150. D.$350.2.Ifyouwanttoshareastoryofyourpetswiththereaders,youneedtosubmititto________.A.AnecdotesandJokes B.SmartAnimalsC.PowerofLove D.MyStory3.Astoryshowingpeople’sgenerosityshouldbeemailedtotheeditorat________.A.juliet@sws B.susan@swsC.Audrey@sws D.nanjc@sws4.Aninspiringstorysenttothemagazineshould________.A.describestrangebehaviour B.containlessthan800wordsC.berealandoriginal D.bepublishedbefore【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇廣告。是某個雜志的一個征稿啟示，具體介紹了各個版塊征稿的要求和稿費?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AnecdotesandJokes部分提到的$50可知，刊登一個笑話付費50美元。故選A項正確?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)SmartAnimals部分提到的句子“Sendusataleaboutthestrangebehaviourofuniquepetsorwildlifeinupto300words.(用300個字給我們講一個關于獨特寵物或野生動物驚奇行為的故事)”可知，假如你想與讀者共享寵物故事，應提交給SmartAnimals。故選B項正確?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)PowerofLove部分提到的句子“Actsofgenerositycanchangelivesorjustgiveyouthatwarmfeelingfulloflove.Shareyourmomentsin100-500words.Email:susan@sws(慷慨的行為可以變更生活，或者只是給你充溢愛的暖和感覺．用100-500個單詞共享你的時刻．電子郵箱：susan@sws．com)”可知，展示人們慷慨的故事應發(fā)送電子郵件到郵箱是susan@sws的編輯。故選B正確?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)MyStory部分提到的句子“Yourstorymustbetrue,unpublished,originaland800-1000words.”可知，發(fā)送給雜志的鼓舞人的故事應是真實的原創(chuàng)的。故選C項正確。【點睛】對閱讀理解實力的測試是英語考試中必不行少的測試項目，主要考查學生對于不同體裁或不同題材語言材料的理解實力，以及通過材料的閱讀，對材料中信息的捕獲實力。測試中細微環(huán)節(jié)題的考查占的比重最大，因此學生應對這樣的試題賜予足夠的重視。細微環(huán)節(jié)題，顧名思義，就是指針對文章的某個細微環(huán)節(jié)而設置的試題。細微環(huán)節(jié)題的命題方法許多，例如對某個細微環(huán)節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進行考查，也可能是將文章中的幾個細微環(huán)節(jié)（通常是四個）放在一起要求考生推斷是非（選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項）或?qū)讉€細微環(huán)節(jié)進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即依據(jù)題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案（此時要特殊留意一些常見的同義轉(zhuǎn)換）。同時學生也應留意一些做題技巧。1.關鍵信息定位法。如涉及到數(shù)字（日期、時間、價格等），就可以在文章中快速圈出數(shù)字，再找出目標數(shù)字及相對應的細微環(huán)節(jié)信息，還有人物姓名、地點名詞等等，其他的還包括一些提示情節(jié)發(fā)展，或條綱性關鍵字眼，如First，Next，F(xiàn)inally等等。例如：第一題1.Howmuchwillthemagazinepayforajoketobepublished?A.$50.B.$100.C.$150.D.$350.文章中給出不同文章不同的稿酬，依據(jù)題干可以定位在第一部分AnecdotesandJokes$50，因此可知刊登一個笑話付費50美元。故選A項正確。2.同義定位法。同義定位就是指問題所用的關鍵詞和文中的不一樣，但屬于同義性質(zhì)，同義轉(zhuǎn)換其實是在關鍵詞的基礎上拐了個彎。總之，在閱讀中，精準快速的定位加上正確的理解力才能保證做題的量與質(zhì)。定位法是須要在做題的過程中有意識的培育的，做題的技巧也是可以總結(jié)的，關鍵是要自覺培育這種分析歸納和總結(jié)的意識以及實力。BPapa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreducationwasfortherichthen.So,theworldbecamehisschool.Withgreatinterest,hereadeverythinghecouldlayhishandson,listenedtothetowneldersandlearnedabouttheworldbeyondhistinyhometown."There'ssomuchtolearn,"he'dsay."Thoughwe'rebornstupid,onlythestupidremainthatway.”Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedeniedaneducation.Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.Though,aschildren,wethoughtthiswascrazy,itwouldneverhaveoccurredtoustodenyPapaarequest.Anddinnertimeseemedperfectforsharingwhatwehadlearned.Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday;nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.Papawouldlistencarefullyandwasreadywithsomecomment,alwaystothepoint.Thencamethemoment—thetimetosharetheday'snewlearning.Papa,attheheadofthetable,wouldpushbackhischairandpouraglassofredwine,readytolisten."Felice,"he'dsay,"tellmewhatyoulearnedtoday.”"IlearnedthatthepopulationofNepalis”Silence.Papawasthinkingaboutwhatwassaid,asifthesalvationoftheworldwoulddependuponit.“ThepopulationofNepal.Hmm.Well....”he’dsay.“Getthemap;let'sseewhereNepalis.”AndthewholefamilywentonasearchforNepal.Thissameexperiencewasrepeateduntileachfamilymemberhadaturn.Dinnerendedonlyafterwehadaclearunderstandingofatleasthalfadozensuchfacts.Aschildren,wethoughtverylittleabouttheseeducationalwonders.Ourfamily,however,wasgrowingtogether,sharingexperiencesandparticipatinginoneanother'seducation.Andbylookingatus,listeningtous,respectingourinput,affirmingourvalue,givingusasenseofdignity,Papawasunquestionablyourmostinfluentialteacher.Laterduringmytrainingasafutureteacher,Istudiedwithsomeofthemostfamouseducators.TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong—thevalueofcontinuallearning.Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.Notasingledayhasbeenwasted,thoughIcannevertellwhenknowingthepopulationofNepalmightproveuseful.5.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theauthor'sfatherwasborninaworker'sfamily.B.Thosebornstupidcouldnotchangetheirlife.C.Thetownelderswantedtolearnabouttheworld.D.Thepoorcouldhardlyaffordschooleducation.6.Theunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto.A.onenewthing B.arequestC.thenews D.somecomment7.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheauthor.A.enjoyedtalkingaboutnewsBknewverywellaboutNepalC.feltregretaboutthosewasteddaysD.appreciatedhisfather'seducationaltechnique8.Theauthor'sfathercanbebestdescribedas.A.aneducatorexpertattrainingfutureteachersB.aparentinsistentonhischildren'seducationC.aparticipantwillingtosharehisknowledgeD.ateacherstrictabouteverythinghisstudentsdid【答案】5.D6.C7.D8.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者的父親雖然出身窮苦人家很早就輟學了，但重視學習和教化，要求家人們每天在晚飯時共享今日所學的學問，這一習慣對作者影響深遠?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“Papa,asasonofadirt-poorfarmer,leftschoolearlyandwenttoworkinafactory,foreducationwasfortherichthen.”可知，作者的父親早早輟學就是因為家中貧困，那時的教化只有富人才能享受得起。故選D項?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段劃線詞所在句“Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday;nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.”可知，每天作者一家人會談論今日見聞，不論有多么不值一提，都會被仔細對待，明顯這里的it指代的就是thenewsoftheday。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“TheywereimpartingwhatPapahadknownallalong—thevalueofcontinuallearning.Histechniquehasservedmewellallmylife.”可知，作者父親傳遞的堅持學習的思想，讓作者在自己的教室生涯乃至一生中都受益匪淺，可見作者對父親的教化理念是心存感謝的。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Hewasdeterminedthatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedeniedaneducation.”和其次段第一句“Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.”可知，作者的父親決心讓自己的孩子接受教化，并且堅持終身學習的理念，B選項“一個堅持讓子女接受教化的父親”符合文意。故選B項?！军c睛】詞義揣測題是閱讀理解中常見的一種題型，要求考生精確理解文中某些關鍵單詞或詞組的含義，包括對超綱詞義的推斷以及熟詞生義的揣測，須要通過上下文得出其在特定場合的含義。揣測詞義的方法一般有以下幾種：1.通過構(gòu)詞法（派生、合成、轉(zhuǎn)化）揣測。2.通過已有的同義詞或反義詞揣測，即在上下文找出該生詞的其他表示方法，由此推斷其含義。3.通過同位語揣測。4.通過說明性的詞語，如thatis，thatistosay，inotherwords等，以及標點符號，如破折號、括號等引出的對該詞的說明性詞、句揣測。5.通過具體語境中體現(xiàn)出來的某種關系，如因果關系、轉(zhuǎn)折關系等進行揣測。第2小題的指代揣測就是結(jié)合語境在前句中找出對應的指代對象，由此作出了推斷。CInancientEgyptashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略).Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Forexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,thewomen’sshoesectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosmetics(化妝品)section:whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderoverandfindsomecosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,sotheymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwineswentup.Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.9.Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?A.Tosavecustomerstime. B.Toshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.C.Tohelpselljunkfood. D.Tosellthematdiscountprices.10.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?A.Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning. B.DisplayingBritishwinesnexttoFrenchones.C.Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic. D.Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.11.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers’taste.D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomers.B.Tointroducehowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.C.Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.D.Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.【答案】9.C10.D11.D12.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。自從古埃及的一家店主發(fā)覺了可以通過變更商場的環(huán)境吸引顧客以來，現(xiàn)代社會中越來越多的商場采納了這種商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。即利用商店的布局，物品的擺設，甚至食品的氣味來刺激顧客對商品的購買。此外，房地產(chǎn)的銷售部門也在運用這一高回報的銷售策略?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood(垃圾食品)laterintheirtrip.可知，他們知道，首先購買健康食品的顧客會感到興奮，因此他們會在以后的旅行中購買更多的垃圾食品。所以把水果放在惹眼的位置是為了吸引消費者，然后在不知不覺中購買稍后要看到的那些垃圾食品。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping可知，商店留意到烘焙食品的味道激勵購物。由此推斷出烤面包的味道能夠起到刺激消費者購買的目的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。文章末段提出Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.可知，他們發(fā)覺顧客在進門的最初幾秒鐘就做出確定，這就是一個商機。然后講解并描述加利福尼亞賣房者的故事，由此推斷加州建筑商的故事想要證明良好的第一印象會增加銷售額。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。自從古埃及的一家店主發(fā)覺了可以通過變更商場的環(huán)境吸引顧客以來，現(xiàn)代社會中越來越多的商場采納了這種商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略。即利用商店的布局，物品的擺設，甚至食品的氣味來刺激顧客對商品的購買。此外，房地產(chǎn)的銷售部門也在運用這一高回報的銷售策略。所以這篇短文的主要目的是說明企業(yè)如何把人變成顧客。故選A項。DFLORENCE,Italy—SvetlanaCojochrufeelshurt.TheMoldovanhaslivedheresevenyearsasacaregivertoItaliankidsandelderly,butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatestwhichrequireshertowriteapostcardtoanimaginaryfriendandanswerafictionaljobad.ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration(融合).Otherssayit’sonlynaturalthatnewcomerslearnthelanguageoftheirhostnation,seeingitasaconditiontoensuretheycancontributetosociety.OtherEuropeancountrieslaiddownasimilarrequirementforimmigrants,andsometermsareeventougher.Thegovernmentsarguethatthiswillhelpforeignersbetterjointhesocietyandpromoteunderstandingacrosscultures.Italy,whichhasamuchweakertraditionofimmigration,haswitnessedasharpincreaseinimmigrationinrecentyears.In1990,immigrantsnumberedsome1.14millionoutofItaly’sthen56.7millionpeople,orabout2percent.Atthestartofthisyear,foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4.56millionofatotalpopulationof60.6million,or7.5percent,withimmigrants’childrenaccountingforaneverlargerpercentageofbirthsinItaly.Cojochru,theMoldovancaregiver,hopedobtainingpermanentresidence(居住權(quán))wouldhelpherbringhertwochildrentoItaly;theylivewithhersisterinMoldova,wheresalariesareamongthelowestinEurope.Shewasskepticalthatthelanguagerequirementwouldencourageintegration.Italiansalways＂seemeasaforeigner,＂anoutsider,eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently,shesaid.13.WhydoesCojochruhavetotakealanguagetest?A.TocontinuetostayinItaly.B.ToteachherchildrenItalian.C.TofindabetterjobinItalyD.TobettermixwiththeItalians.14.Somepeopleworrythatthenewlanguagerequirementmay____________.A.reduceItaly’spopulationquicklyB.causeconflictsamongpeopleC.leadtofinancialdifficultiesD.putpressureonschools15.WhatdoweknowaboutCojochru?A.SheliveswithhersisternowinItaly.B.SheenjoyslearningtheItalianlanguage.C.ShespeaksItalianwellenoughforherjob.D.Shewishestogobacktoherhomecountry.【答案】13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。首先向我們呈現(xiàn)出這樣一種現(xiàn)象：一位叫SvetlanaCojochru的摩爾多瓦人移民到意大利，但為了能夠接著留在意大利，她必需進行語言測試；接著向我們闡述對外來民進行語言測試的緣由以及對此的不同聲音，然后介紹了意大利的移民史，最終告知我們Cojochru的居住現(xiàn)狀：工資水平很低，而且雖然在意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍會把她當作外國人來看?！?3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“butinordertostayshe’shadtoproveherlanguageskillsbytakingatest…”可知，Cojochru為了能夠接著留在意大利才要參與語言考試的。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration”,可知一些人擔憂對語言水平的要求可能會造成人與人之間的不包涵。由此推斷出有些人擔憂新的語言要求可能會引起人與人之間的沖突。故選B。【15題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“eventhoughshe‘sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently”可知Cojochru的意大利語已經(jīng)說的很流利了，足夠應付工作。故選C。其次節(jié)（（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Trainingforamarathon(馬拉松)requirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.___16___,buythebest-fittingrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.___17___.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.___18___,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.___19___.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.___20___.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.A.AftersixdaysB.ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.BeforeyoubeginyourtrainingD.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.IftheystillfeelgoodyoucanbeginrunninginthemF.TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.D20.G【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了進行馬拉松訓練的具體做法。首先要為訓練做好打算：打算好跑鞋以及訓練前的熱身動作。第一周：訓練跑步時間的逐天增加；其次周：訓練跑步距離的逐天增加；兩周后，起先計時跑，制訂逐步提高跑步時間和距離的安排?！?6題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)空后buythebest-fittingrunningshoesyoucanfind（買一雙你能找到的最合適的跑鞋）可知，此處是為了跑馬拉松進行的打算工作。由此可知，C項Beforeyoubeginyourtraining（在你起先訓練之前）符合文意。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)空前Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.（當你找到一雙合適的鞋子，穿上幾天再檢查一下是否合腳）可知，E選項中they指的是前面提到的shoes，屬于指代一樣性，另外feelgood與thefit有關。由此可知，E項Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthem（假如它們?nèi)耘f感覺不錯，你就可以穿著它們起先跑步了）符合文意。故選E.【18題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)空前Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.（在第一周，不要考慮距離，而是每天多跑5分鐘。）可知，此處提到了一周七天的時間。再依據(jù)空后itiswisetotakeadayofftorest（明智的做法是休息一天）可知，剩余的就是六天的時間。由此可知，A項Aftersixdays（六天后）符合文意。故選A.【19題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)空前面Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.（但在接下來的一周，設定一個目標，每次跑步至少1.5英里）可知，此處指在距離上起先制定目標。由此可知，D項Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmile（每天增加半英里的距離）符合文意。故選D.【20題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)上文Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.（在第一周，不要考慮距離，而是每天多跑5分鐘。但在接下來的一周，設定一個目標，每次跑步至少1.5英里）及Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.（兩周后起先計時）可知，此處提到了逐日增加跑步的時間和長度，兩周后最自己起先計時。由此可知，G項Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime.（現(xiàn)在，你打算好去制定一個提高距離和時間的目標）符合文意。故選G.第三部分語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The___21___isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof___22___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe___23___athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto___24___anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.___25___modernmanufacturing(制造業(yè))andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland___26___.Anothercauseisour___27___ofdisposable(一次性的)products.As___28___people,wearealwayslookingfor___29___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies____30____thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso____31____totheproblem.Weare____32____buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat____33____isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe____34____usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe____35____ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To____36____theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe____37____,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.____38____,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解決)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions____39____throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout____40____.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.21.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem22.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products23.A.face B.become C.observe D.change24.A.hide B.control C.replace D.withdraw25.A.Thanksto B.Asto C.Exceptfor D.Regardlessof26.A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful27.A.love B.lack C.prevention D.division28.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave D.busy29.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends30.A.donate B.receive C.produce D.preserve31.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes32.A.tiredof B.addictedto C.worriedabout D.ashamedfor33.A.newer B.stronger C.higher D.larger34.A.pickup B.payfor C.holdonto D.throwaway35.A.advantages B.purposes C.functions D.consequences36.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure37.A.technology B.environment C.consumers D.brands38.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile39.A.by B.infavourof C.after D.insteadof40.A.spending B.collecting C.repairing D.advertising【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.D36.C37.B38.A39.D40.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是積累如山的垃圾給環(huán)境帶來的影響。隨著社會的發(fā)展，人們傾向于扔掉用舊了的東西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包裝盒等一次性產(chǎn)品給人們帶來便利的同時，也給環(huán)境帶來很大的壓力?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是，世界各國的垃圾積累如山，因為人們?nèi)映龅睦纫酝魏螘r候都多。A.key答案；B.reason緣由；C.project項目；D.problem問題。依據(jù)上文Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.可知，此處指帶來的問題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是，世界各國的垃圾積累如山，因為人們?nèi)映龅睦纫酝魏螘r候都多。A.gifts禮物；B.rubbish垃圾；C.debt債務；D.products產(chǎn)品。依據(jù)下文中的throwingoutmorerubbish可知，此處指如山的垃圾。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)绾纬蔀橐粋€一次性的社會的？A.face面對；B.become成為；C.observe視察；D.change變更。依據(jù)語境可知，此處在問我們?nèi)绾纬蔀榱艘粋€一次性的社會。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，現(xiàn)在替換一個物體要比花時間和金錢來修復它更簡單。A.hide隱藏；B.control限制；C.replace代替；D.withdraw撤退。依據(jù)下文thantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.可知，我們可以更簡單地替換一個物體。故選C。【25題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：由于現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)，公司能夠快速而廉價地制造產(chǎn)品。A.Thanksto幸虧，由于；B.Asto至于，關于；C.Exceptfor除……之外；D.Regardlessof不管，不顧。依據(jù)句意可知，此處表示緣由。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：產(chǎn)品豐富多樣并且廉價。A.safe平安的；B.funny滑稽可笑的；C.cheap便宜的；D.powerful強大的，強有力的。依據(jù)上文___5___modernmanufacturing(制造業(yè))andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.可知，產(chǎn)品豐富多樣并且廉價。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：另一個緣由是我們對一次性產(chǎn)品的寵愛。A.love愛；B.lack缺乏；C.prevention預防，阻擋；D.division部門，分割。依據(jù)下文As___8___people,wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.可知，我們寵愛一次性產(chǎn)品。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為勞碌的人，我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時間和使我們的生活更簡單的方法。A.sensitive敏感的；B.kind親善的；C.brave英勇的；D.busy勞碌的。依據(jù)下文tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，勞碌的人總是在找尋節(jié)約時間和使我們的生活更簡單的方法。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為勞碌的人，我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時間和使我們的生活更簡單的方法。A.ways方法；B.places地方；C.jobs工作；D.friends摯友。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指我們總是在找尋節(jié)約時間和使我們的生活更簡單的方法。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：公司生產(chǎn)成千上萬的不同種類的一次性產(chǎn)品：紙盤子、塑料杯、照相機等等。A.donate捐贈；B.receive收到；C.produce生產(chǎn)；D.preserve愛護，維持。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指公司生產(chǎn)成千上萬的不同種類的一次性產(chǎn)品。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們對新產(chǎn)品的需求也導致了這個問題。A.adaptsto適應；改編；B.returnsto返回；回復；C.respondsto對……做出反應；D.contributesto有助于，導致。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指導致了這個問題。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：我們熱衷于購買新東西。A.tiredof對……厭倦；B.addictedto對……上癮，癡迷于……；C.worriedabout擔憂；D.ashamedfor為……感到慚愧。依據(jù)上文Ourappetitefornewproductsalso___11___totheproblem.可知，我們熱衷于購買新東西。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：廣告勸服我們，越新越好，我們會更樂于運用最新產(chǎn)品。A.newer更新的；B.stronger更強的；C.higher更高的；D.larger更大的。依據(jù)下文thatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.可知，廣告勸服我們，產(chǎn)品越新越好。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：結(jié)果是，我們?nèi)拥粲杏玫臇|西，為新的物品騰出空間。A.pickup撿起，學會；B.payfor付款；賠償；C.holdonto緊緊抓住，抓住不放，保持?。籇.throwaway扔掉，丟棄。依據(jù)下文tomakeroomfornewones.可知，此處指扔掉有用的東西，為新的物品騰出空間。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在世界各地，我們可以看到這種一次性生活方式的后果。A.advantages優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)點；B.purposes目的；C.functions功能；D.consequences后果，結(jié)果。依據(jù)下文Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.可知，此處指一次性生活方式的后果。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了削減垃圾的數(shù)量和愛護環(huán)境，越來越多的政府要求人們回收材料。A.show顯示，表明；B.record記錄，記載；C.decrease削減；D.measure測量，權(quán)衡。依據(jù)下文moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此處指為了削減垃圾的數(shù)量。故選C。【37題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：A.technology技術(shù)；B.environment環(huán)境；C.consumers消費者；D.brands品牌。依據(jù)下文moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.可知，此處指愛護環(huán)境。故選B。【38題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這并不足以解決我們的問題。A.However可是，然而；B.Otherwise否則；C．Therefore所以；D.Meanwhile與此同時。依據(jù)語境可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關系。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查介詞（短語）辨析。句意：我們須要修復我們的財產(chǎn)而不是丟棄。A.by通過；B.infavourof支持，贊成；C.after在……之后；D.insteadof而不是。依據(jù)語境可知，前后是對比關系。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還須要重新思索我們對消費的看法。A.spending消費；B.collecting收集；C.repairing修復；D.advertising作廣告。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指重新思索我們對消費的看法。故選A。第Ⅱ卷第三部分英語學問運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）其次節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible____41____(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand____42____work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____43____(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover____44____top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines____45____(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen____46____(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesm