必修一 Unit 1 Teenage Life 單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷（解析版） -2025年新高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)筑基培優(yōu)方案（人教版2019）

必修一Unit1TeenageLife單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2024·遼寧鞍山·模擬預(yù)測）HighschoolgraduationrequirementsToearnahighschooldiploma,studentsmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.Compulsorycredits*4creditsinEnglish(1creditpergrade)*3creditsinmathematics*3creditsforgroup1,2and3courses*2creditsinscience*1creditinCanadianhistory(Grade10)*1creditinCanadiangeography(Grade9)*1creditinthearts*1creditinhealthandphysicaleducation*1creditinFrenchasasecondlanguage*0.5creditincareerstudies*0.5creditincivicsandcitizenshipOptionalcreditsStudentsmustearn12optionalcredits.bysuccessfullycompletingcoursesofferedintheschool’sprogramandcoursecalendar.Optionalcreditsmayincludeuptofourcreditsearnedthroughapproveddual(雙倍的)creditprograms..TheliteracygraduationrequirementInSeptember2023,theliteracygraduationrequirementwasintroducedanditbecameeffectiveimmediately.Studentsgraduatinginthe2023-2024schoolyearandbeyondarerequiredtomeetthisrequirementtoearntheirhighschooldiploma.CommunityinvolvementStudentsarerequiredtocompleteaminimumof40hoursofcommunityinvolvementactivitiesaspartoftherequirementsforadiploma.Studentswhoarelookingforcommunityinvolvementopportunitiesshould:★makesuretheyknowwhichactivitiessatisfythecommunityinvolvementrequirement★checktheirschoolboard’swebsiteforalistofapprovedandprohibitedactivities★haveadiscussionwiththeirparentstoplanandselecttheircommunityinvolvementactivities(studentsunder18yearsoldonly)1．What’stheminimumnumberofcreditsrequiredforahighschooldiploma?A．30. B．32. C．34. D．36.2．Whendidtheliteracygraduationrequirementtakeeffect?A．InSeptember2021. B．InSeptember2022.C．InSeptember2023. D．InSeptember2024.3．Whatshouldadultstudentsdobeforedoingcommunityinvolvementactivities?A．Askfortheirparents’permission.B．Turntolocalcommunitycentersforhelp.C．Setcommunityinvolvementhourswithteachers.D．Haveaclearunderstandingofthequalifiedactivities.【答案】1．A2．C3．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個高中畢業(yè)項目的要求。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Compulsorycredits部分中學(xué)分共計4+3+3+2+1+1+1+1+0.5+0.5=18，以及Optionalcredits部分中“Studentsmustearn12optionalcredits.(學(xué)生必須修滿12個選修學(xué)分)”可知，高中畢業(yè)證書最少要修18+12=30學(xué)分。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theliteracygraduationrequirement部分中“InSeptember2023,theliteracygraduationrequirementwasintroducedanditbecameeffectiveimmediately.(2023年9月，英國引入了識字畢業(yè)要求，并立即生效)”可知，識字畢業(yè)從2023年9月開始生效。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“★makesuretheyknowwhichactivitiessatisfythecommunityinvolvementrequirement(確保他們知道哪些活動符合社區(qū)參與的要求)”可知，在參加社區(qū)參與活動之前，成人學(xué)生應(yīng)該對合格活動有清晰的認(rèn)識。故選D。B（2024·河南·模擬預(yù)測）Doyourecallyourbelovedschoolteachers?Didtheyawakenapassionforaonce-unappealingsubjectoroffervaluableguidance?MrMoriartywastheone.Whenhebecameascienceteacher,22-year-oldPatrickMoriartywashopingtomakeadifferenceinhisstudents’lives.Afterall,thenaturalworldhassomanyfascinatingsecretsthathewaswillingtoteachandhewoulddevotelongyearstopreparinghis“kids”foradulthood.In1978,hewasteachingkidsabouttheskyeventsandpassedoutworksheets,showingthepathsoftheupcomingeclipses(日食).Sadly,alotofthemwouldnotbevisibleinNewYork.AllbutoneonApril8,2024.“Circlethatone,”MrMoriartytoldhisstudents.“We’regoingtogettogetheronthatone.”Theyoungsterslaughed—theeclipsewouldn’toccurfornearlyfivedecadesandeveryonewould’veforgottenthepromisebythen.Buttheyseverelyunderestimatedtheirteacher.YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.MrMoriartyneverexpectedtherewouldbesuchamassiveturnout,butthewordwasspreadinglikewildfireamonghisformerclassmates.OnMonday,the8thofApril,about100formerstudentsgatheredintheirteacher’sdriveway.Asthestudentsstartedarrivingathishouse,hehadtroublerecognizingthem.However,herememberedmostoftheirnamesandsomeamusingstoriesthathappenedduringhisteachingyears.“Itwassointerestingtoseethemwalkingupwiththinningorgrayhair,andlookingatmelike,‘You’restillmyteacher,’”helaughed.“Thishasgottobethelongesthomeworkassignmentinhistory.”Lastly,MrMoriartysuggestedmarkingthe22ndofAugust,2044,thedaywhenthenextvisibletotalsolareclipsewilloccur.Onceagain,everyonelaughed,butthistimewithalittlelessdoubt.4．WhydidMrMoriartycreateaFacebookgroup?A．Topopularizeastronomicalknowledge.B．Toseekoutformerstudentswhowantedtotakeclass.C．Tosharesomefunnystoriesfrom.histeachingcareer.D．Toremindhisformerstudentsofthepreviousassignment.5．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeMrMoriarty?A．Passionateandcommitted. B．Honestandwise.C．Respectableandhumble. D．Generousandenergetic.6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutMrMoriartyfromparagraph6?A．Hesufferedfromapoormemory.B．Hehadlittleinfluenceonhisformerstudents.C．Hetookgreatprideinhisstudents’achievements.D．Hewasastonishedtoseesomanyofhisformerstudents.7．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudents’reactiontothereunionof2044?A．Theyignoredthespecialpromise.B．Theyputmoretrustintheirteacher.C．Theythoughtoftheirteacherbeingamusing.D．Theydoubtedthepossibilityoftheproposal.【答案】4．D5．A6．D7．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。莫里亞蒂先生是一名科學(xué)老師，他對他教過的所有的班級都做了約定，在2024年4月8日相聚在一起看日食，他在2022年在Facebook上創(chuàng)建了一個小組，詳細(xì)介紹了這次活動，并試圖找到想?yún)⒓拥囊郧暗膶W(xué)生，讓他驚訝的是在那天居然來了大約100名以前的學(xué)生，最后，莫里亞蒂先生建議2044年8月22日他們再相聚，那天是下一次可見日全食發(fā)生的日子。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.(許多年過去了，莫里亞蒂先生對他所有的班級都做了同樣的關(guān)于遙遠(yuǎn)未來的計劃的承諾。隨著紙質(zhì)媒體受歡迎程度的下降，他于2022年在Facebook上創(chuàng)建了一個小組，詳細(xì)介紹了這次活動，并試圖找到想?yún)⒓拥囊郧暗膶W(xué)生)”可知，莫里亞蒂先生創(chuàng)建Facebook群是為了提醒他以前的學(xué)生以前的作業(yè)。故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句和第三句“Whenhebecameascienceteacher,22-year-oldPatrickMoriartywashopingtomakeadifferenceinhisstudents’lives.Afterall,thenaturalworldhassomanyfascinatingsecretsthathewaswillingtoteachandhewoulddevotelongyearstopreparinghis“kids”foradulthood.(當(dāng)22歲的帕特里克·莫里亞蒂成為一名科學(xué)教師時，他希望能改變學(xué)生的生活。畢竟，自然界有那么多迷人的秘密，他愿意教，他會花很長時間讓他的“孩子”為成年做好準(zhǔn)備)”可知，莫里亞蒂先生充滿熱情。根據(jù)第五段“YearsflewbyandMrMoriartymadethesamepromisetoallofhisclassesabouttheplaninthedistantfuture.Asthepopularityofprintedpressdeclined,hecreatedaFacebookgroupin2022,detailingtheeventandtryingtofindformerstudentswhowouldwanttoattendit.(許多年過去了，莫里亞蒂先生對他所有的班級都做了同樣的關(guān)于遙遠(yuǎn)未來的計劃的承諾。隨著紙質(zhì)媒體受歡迎程度的下降，他于2022年在Facebook上創(chuàng)建了一個小組，詳細(xì)介紹了這次活動，并試圖找到想?yún)⒓拥囊郧暗膶W(xué)生)”可知，莫里亞蒂先生信守承諾。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段前兩句“MrMoriartyneverexpectedtherewouldbesuchamassiveturnout,butthewordwasspreadinglikewildfireamonghisformerclassmates.OnMonday,the8thofApril,about100formerstudentsgatheredintheirteacher’sdriveway.(莫里亞蒂先生從來沒有想到會有這么多人參加，但這個消息在他以前的同學(xué)中迅速傳播開來。4月8日星期一，大約100名以前的學(xué)生聚集在他們老師的車道上)”可知，看到這么多以前的學(xué)生，莫里亞蒂先生感到很吃驚。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Onceagain,everyonelaughed,butthistimewithalittlelessdoubt.(大家又笑了，但這次少了一點懷疑)”可知，對于2044年的重聚，學(xué)生們更信任他們的老師了。故選B。C（2024·湖南長沙·一模）Havinghighself-controlisoftenseenasagoodthing.It’sbelievedtobethekeytosuccessinlife.ButassuggestedinatheorypublishedbyProfessorThomasLynch,itmaynotalwaysbeagoodthing—andforsome,itcouldbelinkedtocertainmentalhealthproblems.AccordingtoLynch’stheory,everyoneleans(偏向)moretowardsoneoftwopersonalitystyles:undercontrolorovercontrol.Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.So,regardlessofwhetherwe'reovercontrolledorundercontrolled,thisflexibilityhelpsusdealwithlife'schallengesandsetbacksinaconstructiveway.Butwhenwearemuchlessflexible,bothundercontrolandovercontrolcanbecomeproblematic.Mostofusareprobablymorefamiliarwithhighlyundercontrolledpeople,whomaystruggletocontroltheiremotionsandtheirbehaviorsmaybeunpredictable.Thiscannegativelyaffecttheirrelationships,education,work,andhealth.Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.However,highlyovercontrolledpeoplemaystruggletoadapttochanges.Theymaybelessopentonewexperiences.Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.Thismayeventuallycausetheirmentalhealthtoworsen.Alongsidehistheory,Lynchalsodevelopedatreatmentdesignedtotreatissuesofovercontrol.Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.Continuedworkinthefieldwillhopefullymakeiteasierforpeopletogetthehelptheyneed.8．Howdoespsychologicalflexibilityhelppeople?A．Itbacksadjustingtochangeseffectively.B．Itassistsindealingwithsimilarsituations.C．Itsupportsovercomingphysicalchallenges.D．Itencourageschoosingtherightpersonalitystyle.9．Whyisovercontrolledpersonalitylesstalkedabout?A．Itisinsignificant. B．Itisunderestimated. C．Itfitssocialvalues. D．Ithaschangingfeatures.10．Whatcanbeinferredabouthighlyovercontrolledpeopleinparagraph5?A．Theyignoretheirmentalhealth. B．Theyknowlittleofbodygestures.C．Theyexperiencefewnewemotions. D．Theyhaveapoorsocialsupportnetwork.11．WhatisLynch’ssuggestionforhighlyovercontrolledpeople?A．Acceptingmorechanges. B．Interactingwithothersmore.C．Evaluatingfeelingsmoreoften. D．Releasingmorepersonalneeds.【答案】8．A9．C10．D11．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了過度控制對心理健康的影響。雖然過度控制的人具備的特質(zhì)通常被社會所重視，但他們可能面臨難以適應(yīng)變化、社交孤立和孤獨(dú)等問題。過度控制的人應(yīng)該不要總是控制自己的需求，要更好地表達(dá)情感并與他人溝通。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.(受到控制或過度控制既不好也不壞，因為我們大多數(shù)人的心理都很靈活，能夠適應(yīng)不同的情況)”可知，心理靈活性使人們能夠在生活中靈活地適應(yīng)不同的情況。因此，心理靈活性有助于人們有效地適應(yīng)變化。故選A。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.(不幸的是，過度控制并沒有被談?wù)撃敲炊唷＿@可能是因為過度控制的特征——比如堅持、制定計劃并堅持下去的能力、追求完美和控制情緒的能力——在我們的社會中往往受到高度重視)”可知，過度控制的人的特征（如堅持不懈、制訂并堅持執(zhí)行計劃的能力、追求完美和控制情緒）通常在我們的社會中受到高度重視，由此可推知，過度控制的個性符合社會價值觀，所以很少被提及。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.(他們可能會對他人產(chǎn)生嫉妒的苦澀情緒，并在許多社交場合努力放松和享受樂趣。他們也可能較少使用手勢，很少微笑或哭泣。這些因素加在一起可能會使一個人更容易經(jīng)歷社會孤立和孤獨(dú))”可知，過度控制的人可能很難適應(yīng)各種變化，可能不太愿意接受新體驗，可能對他人產(chǎn)生苦澀的嫉妒情緒，也可能難以在社交場合中放松和享受樂趣。這些因素可能使他們更容易經(jīng)歷社交孤立和孤獨(dú)。由此可以推斷出，過度控制的人可能擁有較差的社交支持網(wǎng)。故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.(它幫助過度控制的人，教會他們?nèi)绾畏畔驴偸强刂谱约旱男枰?，更開放地對待自己的情緒，更好地與他人溝通，在不斷變化的情況下更靈活)”可知，Lynch針對過度控制問題研發(fā)了一種治療方法，教過度控制的人如何不要總是控制自己的需求，更加開放地表達(dá)情感，與他人更好地溝通，并在不斷變化的情況下更具靈活性。由此可推知，Lynch給過度控制的人的建議包括“更多地與他人互動”這一條。故選B。D（2024·四川綿陽·三模）ThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerative(有生產(chǎn)力的)artificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.Soraisnotthefirstofitskind.Google,MetaandRunwayMLareamongtheothercompaniestohavedevelopedsimilartechnology.ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenprompts—surprisedobservers.AphotographerfromNewHampshirepostedonesuggestion,orprompt,onX.Thepromptgavedetailsaboutakindoffoodtobecooked,gnocchi(意大利團(tuán)子),aswellasthesetting—anoldItaliancountrykitchen.Thepromptsaid:“Aninstructionalcookingsessionforhomemadegnocchi,hostedbyagrandmother—asocialmediainfluencer,setinarustic(土氣的)Tuscancountrykitchen.”Altmanansweredashorttimelaterwitharealisticvideothatshowedwhatthepromptdescribed.Thetoolisnotyetpubliclyavailable.OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossibleethicalandsocietaleffects.TheNewYorkTimesandsomewritershavetakenlegalactionsagainstOpenAIforitsuseofcopyrightedworksofwritingtotrainChatGPT.AndOpenAIpaysafeetoTheAssociatedPress,thesourceofthisreport,tolicenseitstextnewsarchive(檔案).OpenAIsaidinablogpostthatitiscommunicatingwithartists,policymakersandothersbeforereleasingthenewtooltothepublic.Thecompanyaddedthatitisworkingwith“redteamers”—peoplewhotrytofindproblemsandgivehelpfulsuggestions—todevelopSora.“Weareworkingwithredteamerswhowillbeadversarially(對立地)testingthemodel,”thecompanysaid.“We’realsobuildingtoolstohelpdetectmisleadingcontentsuchasadetectionclassifierthatcantellwhenavideowasgeneratedbySora.”12．WhatmakesSoraimpressive?A．Itsartificialintelligencehistory.B．Itsextraordinaryvideoquality.C．Itsethicalandsocietalinfluence.D．Itswrittencommandsandprompts.13．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph6?A．Thecompany’scurrentchallenge.B．Thecompany’sadvancedtechnology.C．Thecompany’sproblemsinmanagement.D．Thecompany’seffortsforSora’simprovement.14．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．SomedisagreementsoverSorahavearisen.B．Soraisthefirsttext-to-videogeneratorinhistory.C．OpenAICEOAltmanwroteapromptasanexample.D．AllthedetailsabouthowSorawasbuilthavebeenshared.15．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsSora?A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic. C．Neutral. D．Cautious.【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到視頻生成器Sora，文章介紹了其特點以及其爭議。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenprompts—surprisedobservers.(但OpenAI顯示的高質(zhì)量視頻——其中一些是在首席執(zhí)行官SamAltman要求社交媒體用戶發(fā)送書面提示的想法后發(fā)布的——讓觀察者感到驚訝。)”可知，Sora讓人印象深刻的是其非凡的視頻質(zhì)量，故選B。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Thecompanyaddedthatitisworkingwith“redteamers”—peoplewhotrytofindproblemsandgivehelpfulsuggestions—todevelopSora.“Weareworkingwithredteamerswhowillbeadversarially(對立地)testingthemodel,”thecompanysaid.“We’realsobuildingtoolstohelpdetectmisleadingcontentsuchasadetectionclassifierthatcantellwhenavideowasgeneratedbySora.”(該公司補(bǔ)充說，它正在與“紅隊成員”合作開發(fā)Sora。紅隊成員試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并提出有用的建議。該公司表示：“我們與紅隊合作，他們將對該模式進(jìn)行對立的測試。我們還在構(gòu)建一些工具來幫助檢測誤導(dǎo)性內(nèi)容，比如一個檢測分類器，它可以判斷視頻是由Sora生成的?！?可知，第六段主要介紹了公司為Sora的改進(jìn)所做的努力，與紅隊合作，并構(gòu)建一些工具來幫助檢測其誤導(dǎo)性的內(nèi)容，故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossibleethicalandsocietaleffects.(OpenAI提供的關(guān)于它是如何構(gòu)建的信息有限。該公司也沒有說明用于訓(xùn)練Sora的圖像和視頻來源。與此同時，視頻結(jié)果引發(fā)了人們對可能產(chǎn)生的道德和社會影響的擔(dān)憂。)”可知，視頻結(jié)果引發(fā)了人們對可能產(chǎn)生的道德和社會影響的擔(dān)憂，由此可推知，社會上就Sora出現(xiàn)了一些分歧，故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerative(有生產(chǎn)力的)artificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.(ChatGPT的制造商最近宣布了其向生成人工智能的下一步行動?；谂f金山的OpenAI新的文本到視頻生成器Sora是一種基于書面命令(稱為提示)即時制作短視頻的工具。)”可知，主要介紹了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到視頻生成器Sora，全文作者客觀的在陳述Sora的特點、社會對其的爭議以及該公司為了Sora的改進(jìn)所做的努力，故可推知作者對Sora的態(tài)度是中立的，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2024·安徽蕪湖·三模）AFewActiveListeningGuidelinesListeningisarguablythemostimportantelementofinterpersonalcommunication.Ourabilitytolistenwellimpactsthequalityofallofourrelationships,andnotjustathomewithourfamilyandfriends—itcanalsoaffectourrelationshipsandinteractionsonthejob,aswellastheeffectivenessandqualityofourwork.Listeningisnotsomethingthatcomesnaturallyoreasilyformostofus.Instead,itisaskillthatmustbecultivatedandpracticed.Activelisteningmeansthedifferencebetweensimplyhearing,andlisteningwiththeintenttotrulyunderstand.161.Givefocusedattention.Trytominimizeexternal(外部的)distractions.Turndownthenoise,andputdownorstepawayfromwhatyou’redoingifpossible.17Don’twatchtheclock,fidget(坐立不安)orgooveryourto-dolistforlater.2.Maintaineyecontact.Directeyecontactshowsyourattentionandintentiontolisten.18Bereasonable,buttrynottoletyoureyeswandertowhateverisgoingonaroundyou.3.19Restate,butdon’trepeatwordforword.Paraphrasewhatyouthinktheotherpartissayingwithresponsessuchas:“WhatI’mhearingis…”or“LetmeseeifI’mfollowingyou…”Reflectingwhatyou’veheardsignalsthatyou’reattemptingtounderstandfully.4.Respondappropriately.Beopenandhonestinyourresponses.Shareyourthoughts,insightsandfeelingsinaclear,butrespectfulandconsideratemannerevenifyoudisagree.Activelisteningisamodelforgoodcommunication.20Ittakespracticetodevelopactivelisteningskills,andit’sahabitthathastobereinforced(加強(qiáng)).Remindyourselfthatthegoalofconversationisnotmerelytotradewords,buttotrulyunderstandwhattheotherpartyissayingandtobeunderstoodinturn.A．Reflectback.B．Thisdoesn’tmeanstare,though.C．Instead,focusonwhatisbeingsaid.D．Itisasubtlebutimportantdistinction.E．Lookintothespeakers’eyesaslongaspossible.F．Also,setasideotherinternalthinkinganddialogue.G．Rememberthatlisteningisnotjusttogatherinformationandshareideas,butalsotogainperspectiveandunderstanding.【答案】16．D17．F18．B19．A20．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是一些積極傾聽指南。16．空前“Activelisteningmeansthedifferencebetweensimplyhearing,andlisteningwiththeintenttotrulyunderstand.(積極傾聽意味著簡單的傾聽和用心去真正理解的傾聽之間的區(qū)別。)”解釋積極傾聽的意義，提到簡單的傾聽和用心去真正理解的傾聽之間的區(qū)別，空格處應(yīng)該對這種區(qū)別作進(jìn)一步評論，D選項“Itisasubtlebutimportantdistinction.(這是一個微妙但重要的區(qū)別。)”說明了空前所講的差別是微妙但是重要的，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選D。17．本段小標(biāo)題是“Givefocusedattention.(給予集中的關(guān)注。)”，空前“Trytominimizeexternal(外部的)distractions.Turndownthenoise,andputdownorstepawayfromwhatyou’redoingifpossible.(盡量減少外界的干擾。關(guān)掉噪音，如果可能的話，放下或遠(yuǎn)離你正在做的事情。)”說明的是如何集中注意力，空格處也應(yīng)該是和集中注意力有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)選項“Also,setasideotherinternalthinkinganddialogue.(同時，把其他的內(nèi)部思考和對話放在一邊。)”也是一種集中注意力的方法，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選F。18．空前“Directeyecontactshowsyourattentionandintentiontolisten.(直接的眼神交流表明了你的注意力和傾聽的意圖。)”說明了直接的眼神交流的作用，空格處也應(yīng)該是和眼神交流有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，B選項“Thisdoesn’tmeanstare,though.(不過，這并不是說盯著看。)”也是和眼神有關(guān)，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選B。19．空格處是本段小標(biāo)題，由空后的“Reflectingwhatyou’veheardsignalsthatyou’reattemptingtounderstandfully.(反思你所聽到的內(nèi)容表明你正在試圖完全理解。)”可知，本段主要講的是要反思，A選項“Reflectback.(反思。)”說明了要反思，概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選A。20．空前“Activelisteningisamodelforgoodcommunication.(積極傾聽是良好溝通的典范。)”說明了積極傾聽是良好溝通的典范，空后“Remindyourselfthatthegoalofconversationisnotmerelytotradewords,buttotrulyunderstandwhattheotherpartyissayingandtobeunderstoodinturn.(提醒自己，對話的目的不僅僅是交換語言，而是要真正理解對方在說什么，并被對方理解。)”說明了對話的目的是理解對方，并被對方理解，空格處也應(yīng)該是說傾聽是和理解有關(guān)的，G選項“Rememberthatlisteningisnotjusttogatherinformationandshareideas,butalsotogainperspectiveandunderstanding.(記住，傾聽不僅僅是為了收集信息和分享想法，也是為了獲得觀點和理解。)”說明了傾聽是為了理解，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（2024·浙江·三模）Oneday,hundredsofpeoplewerestuckintrafficonthehighwayinbelow-freezingtemperaturesduetoasnowstorm.Withtheconditionsmakingit21forrescueworkerstohelp,manyweretrappedovernightwithnoaccessto22.Butonestuckdriverfounda23spotinthedespair.Asshewassittinginhercarfearingthe24,CaseyHolihanandherhusband,JohnNoe,25abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.Willingtotryjustaboutanything,theycalledthecustomerservicenumberlistedonthebackofthetruckandlefta26beggingforthedrivertoopenthebackand27breadtothehungrypassengersaroundthem.Itwasalast-ditcheffort,andthecouplewasn’tvery28aboutgettingaresponse.Buttotheir29theysoonreceivedaphonecallfromthecompany’sowner,ChuckPaterakis,withthenewsthathewas30thetruck’sdrivertoopenupandpassoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo.Overjoyedbythenews,HolihanandNoe31thetruck’sdrivertobringmuch-neededthingstothecarsaroundthem.Thesimpleloavesofbreadweresurelyarayof32inanimpossiblydisturbingsituation.Holihanherselfcallsit“oneofthe33moments”she’severwitnessed.Thiscompanycouldhavemadea(n)34fromthebreadbutinsteadchosetohelpthepeoplearoundthem.Thatisjustsoincrediblethatsomeonechose35overprofit,especiallyinasituationwherepeopleweresodesperate.21．A．stressful B．effortless C．practical D．difficult22．A．water B．necessities C．bread D．blankets23．A．new B．familiar C．bright D．strange24．A．least B．best C．most D．worst25．A．spotted B．realized C．stared D．knew26．A．number B．message C．note D．clue27．A．lend B．sell C．distribute D．send28．A．upset B．optimistic C．excited D．a(chǎn)nxious29．A．relief B．regret C．surprise D．credit30．A．consulting B．guiding C．begging D．instructing31．A．keptupwith B．teamedupwith C．metupwith D．putupwith32．A．hope B．truth C．inspiration D．faith33．A．happiest B．bravest C．kindest D．friendliest34．A．profit B．difference C．living D．contribution35．A．welfare B．fame C．a(chǎn)ward D．humanity【答案】21．D22．B23．C24．D25．A26．B27．C28．B29．C30．D31．B32．A33．C34．A35．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了由于暴風(fēng)雪，數(shù)百人在零下的氣溫下被困在高速公路上，由于條件惡劣，救援人員很難提供幫助，許多人被困過夜，無法獲得必需品。正當(dāng)人們絕望時，一位被困的司機(jī)，看到了前車是一輛裝載面包的車，他們很快撥通了卡車后面的客戶服務(wù)電話，很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的電話，告訴裝面包的車，把車上的面包分發(fā)出去。這救了很多被困的人，展現(xiàn)出人性的善良。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于條件惡劣，救援人員很難提供幫助，許多人被困過夜，無法獲得必需品。A.stressful緊張的，壓力大的；B.effortless不需費(fèi)力的；C.practical實際的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,hundredsofpeoplewerestuckintrafficonthehighwayinbelow-freezingtemperaturesduetoasnowstorm.”可知，救援人員很難提供幫助。故選D項。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于條件惡劣，救援人員很難提供幫助，許多人被困過夜，無法獲得必需品。A.water水；B.necessities必需品；C.bread面包；D.blankets毯子。根據(jù)上文“Withtheconditionsmakingit

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forrescueworkerstohelp,manyweretrappedovernight”可知，許多人被困過夜，無法獲得必需品。故選B項。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但一位被困的司機(jī)在絕望中找到了一絲光明。A.new新的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.bright明亮的；D.strange陌生的。根據(jù)下文“abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.”可知，這無異于困難中的一絲光明。故選C項。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：CaseyHolihan和她的丈夫JohnNoe正坐在車?yán)飺?dān)心最糟糕的情況，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一輛面包車就在他們前面。A.least最少的；B.best最好的；C.most最多的；D.worst最糟糕的。根據(jù)上文“fearing”可知，擔(dān)心最糟糕的情況。故選D項。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：CaseyHolihan和她的丈夫JohnNoe正坐在車?yán)飺?dān)心最糟糕的情況，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一輛面包車就在他們前面。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.realized意識到；C.stared盯著看；D.knew知道。根據(jù)下文“abreadtruckjustaheadoftheminthejam.”可知，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一輛面包車就在他們前面。故選A項。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們愿意嘗試任何辦法，于是打電話給卡車后面的客戶服務(wù)電話，并留言請求司機(jī)打開后車廂，把面包分發(fā)給周圍饑餓的乘客。A.number數(shù)字；B.message信息；C.note筆記；D.clue線索。根據(jù)上文“theycalledthecustomerservicenumberlisted”可知，留言請求司機(jī)打開后車廂。故選B項。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們愿意嘗試任何辦法，于是打電話給卡車后面的客戶服務(wù)電話，并留言請求司機(jī)打開后車廂，把面包分發(fā)給周圍饑餓的乘客。A.lend借；B.sell賣；C.distribute分發(fā)；D.send發(fā)送。根據(jù)下文“passoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo”可知，請求司機(jī)打開后車廂，把面包分發(fā)給周圍饑餓的乘客。故選C項。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是最后的努力，這對夫婦對得到回應(yīng)不太樂觀。A.upset沮喪的；B.optimistic樂觀的；C.excited興奮的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)上文“Itwasalast-ditcheffort”以及下文的驚訝可知，這對夫婦對得到回應(yīng)不太樂觀。故選B項。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但令他們吃驚的是，他們很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的電話，告訴他們他正在指示卡車司機(jī)打開車門，把車上的面包分發(fā)出去。A.relief緩解；B.regret后悔；C.surprise驚訝；D.credit信貸。根據(jù)上文“Itwasalast-ditcheffort,andthecouplewasn’tvery____8____

aboutgettingaresponse.”以及下文“theysoonreceivedaphonecallfromthecompany’sowner”可知，他們很驚訝。故選C項。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但令他們吃驚的是，他們很快就接到了公司老板ChuckPaterakis的電話，告訴他們他正在指示卡車司機(jī)打開車門，把車上的面包分發(fā)出去。A.consulting咨詢；B.guiding指導(dǎo)；C.begging祈求；D.instructing指示。根據(jù)下文“thetruck’sdrivertoopenupandpassoutloavesofbreadfromhiscargo.”可知，他們他正在指示卡車司機(jī)打開車門。故選D項。31．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：聽到這個消息，霍利漢和諾伊欣喜若狂，他們與卡車司機(jī)合作，把急需的東西送到他們周圍的汽車上。A.keptupwith跟上；B.teamedupwith合作；C.metupwith遇到；D.putupwith忍受。根據(jù)下文“thetruck’sdrivertobringmuch-neededthingstothecarsaroundthem.”可知，他們與卡車司機(jī)合作，把急需的東西送到他們周圍的汽車上。故選B項。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這種令人難以置信的混亂局面中，簡單的幾條面包無疑是一線希望。A.hope希望；B.truth事實；C.inspiration靈感；D.faith信仰。根據(jù)下文“inanimpossiblydisturbingsituation”可知，面包就是希望。故選A項。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：霍利漢自己稱這是她所見過的“最善良的時刻之一”。A.happiest最快樂的；B.bravest最勇敢的；C.kindest最好的；D.friendliest最友好的。在困難時刻，有人伸出了援助之手，可見這是最善良的時刻。故選C項。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這家公司本可以從面包中獲利，但卻選擇幫助周圍的人。A.profit利潤；B.difference不同；C.living居住，生活；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“profit”可知，這家公司本可以從面包中獲利。故選A項。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這太不可思議了，有人選擇了人性而不是利益，尤其是在人們?nèi)绱私^望的情況下。A.welfare福利；B.fame名氣；C.award獎，獎品；D.humanity人類，人性。在人們?nèi)绱私^望的情況下得到了幫助，這是人性的體現(xiàn)。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)（2024·江西南昌·三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Atnoon,theTongxinCafeterianeartheJing’anTempledowntownhasaqueuethatshowsitsmulti-generationalpopularity.Themenu,withover60disheschangeddaily,36(cater)toarangeoftastes.Formanyyoungpeoplewhothinkcookingforthemselvesistime-consuming,thenearbycommunitycanteenisaperfect37(solve).Thesecafeterias,onceknownas“seniorcanteens”,wereoriginallyestablishedtoprovidehealthymeals38affordablepricestoolderfolkswhomightnotbegettingenoughnutritionathome.Shanghaigovernmentsetagoalofbuil