2024年福建省福州某中學(xué)高考英語三模試卷（含詳細答案解析）

2024年福建省福州三中高考英語三模試卷

一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。

A

Fourofthebestoff-grid（不入網(wǎng)的）staysintheUK

Shepherds*Retreat

Granitepeaks,vividgreenfieldsandspeedingcloudsareyouronlyneighboursatthisremotecottageinthe

Sperrins.Glassdoorsopenstraightontothislandscape,andthoughthere*snophonereceptionorwifi,there*sa

TVwithDVDs,andplentyofbookstoenjoybythefire.Therearestonecirclesandmountainbiketrails（4、路）

nearby.

LagganCottage

OntheArdnishpeninsula（半島）andaccessibleonlybyboat一orathree-hourhike一thiscomfortableoff-grid

padisseriouslyisolated（偏僻的）.There1szeromobilesignalandnoTV.Paraffinlamps,wood-burningstoves

forhotwaterandaCalorgascookeraretheonlymodemconveniencesyouget.ltisperfectforaweekofwatching

thewildlife,hiking,andswimming.

TheStrawCottage

Candlesandlanterns,gaslampsandsolarlightscreateatmosphereatthisstraw-balecottage,constructedusing

centuries-oldmethods.Withnoelectricityorwifi,thishomesetonTyGwynFarmofferstrueescapism.Young

explorerscanbuilddens,playinthestream,followatreasurehuntandtoastmarshmallowsbythefire.Dogsare

welcome,too.

EastLodge

Otherthanthelackofwifi,EastLodgeisaperfectlycontemporarycottage.Archwindowsaccompanymodern

conveniencesincludingaTVandDVDsformovienights,thoughyoumayprefertoswitchoffandfocuson

outdoorfun,bikingonnaturetrailsandwatchingthewildlife.

1.Whatmightattracttravelerstothefourholidaydestinations?

A.Stylishdecoration.B.Convenientlocation.

C.Back-to-naturestays.D.Modernconveniences.

2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLagganCottageandEastLodge?

A.Playgames.B.Swiminthesea.

C.Readbythefire.D.Watchthewildlife.

3.Whichcottageispet-friendly?

A.Shepherds*Retreat.B.LagganCottage.

C.TheStrawCottage.D.EastLodge.

B

KenCampbellhadlastattemptedrunningathighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneeded

supporttorejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeephercompanyandshareintherecovery."We

werejustwalkingatthebeginning,"hesays."AndIwasheavy.Iweighedover90kg."Butastheweeksand

monthspassed,theweightfellaway,Susanrecovered一andCampbelFsabilitiesgrew.Attheageof63,heran

50km,andat70,heranthroughthenighttocompletea100kmultramarathon.

Sohowdoessomeonewithnosportingprecedent（先修!I）becomeanultradistancerunnerinhis60sand70s?

Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeherinjury.ButforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan'sFleetFeet

runninggrouptooktothetrailsintheSierraNevadafoothillsneartheirhomeinCitrusHeights,California.

CampbellwentouttovisitSusan'sgroup,and"thetrailswereaterriblemess.lthadbeenraining.AndIwas

runninginmyroadshoes.Slippingandslidingandfalling.AndIwasstruggling.!thought,well,Ilikethisalot

butIcoulddobetter."

Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof"beingenvelopedbythetrail,beingembracedbytheclosenessofthe

vegetationandthenearnessoftheriver.IwaswalkingwhereNativepeoplehadwalkedforthousandsofyearsand

whereminershadwalkedontheirwaytogold.'*

Runningthe100kmultramarathontookCampbell16hours.WhenCampbellcrossedthefinishlineat3am,Susan

handedhima100kmstickertodisplayonthebackofhistruck.Healreadyhada50kmoneonthere."Itisapublic

proclamation（聲明）thatyouarepartofthiscommunity,Hhesays."Whereverwepark,Iseealineofvehicles

withtheirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareatribe（部落）

Campbellsufferedarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andisnacandidateforkneereplacement".Butfornow,he

isholdingoffonsurgery.ltcouldputanendtotherunning一butthe"senseofwellbeingandaccomplishmentwill

carrymeonforever",hesays."IfIcan'trun,Iwillwalk.1*

4.WhatenabledCampbelltotakeuprunningagain?

A.Helostweight.B.Hetrainedovernight.

C.Hiswifeaccompaniedhim.D.Hiswifesharedherexperience.

5.WhatdidCampbelldiscoverwhilekeepinghiswifecompanyonatrailrun?

A.Thejoyofbeingoutinthewild.B.ThehardshipsofNativepeople.

C.Thepleasureofgoldmining.D.Themysteriesofnature.

6.WhatdidthestickersonthebackofCampbell'struckbringhim?

A.Adiscountonparking.B.Asenseofbelonging.

C.Anenormousincome.D.Anhonourtohiswife.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutCampbellfromthetext?

A.He*sadeterminedman.B.He'sapeople-pleaser.

C.Heiseasytocontent.D.Heishardtocopewith.

c

InherbookTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,MarieKondomakesthecasethatdecluttering（清理雜

物）candramaticallytransformyourlife.Riddingyourspacesofunusedandunwantedstuffcanmakeyou

happier,moreconfidentandmaybeevenslimmer.

Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo'sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople'sneed.Yetthe

evidencebackingthebenefitsofdeclutteringismixed.

One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworking

inamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydesk

andhasbeenquotedassaying,"Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanempty

deskasign?”

Anotherstudylinkedphysicalclutter（雜舌L）tolowerlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Butoneoftheauthorsofthat

studysaysthatclutter,ratherthanaprobleminandofitself,seemstobeasymptomofotherproblems,

especiallyuncheckedconsumerism（無節(jié)制的消費）.“Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheidea

thatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,"saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy."Itisn't

abundancethat'stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.M

OtherpsychologistssaytechnologymayalsobecontributingtoAmerica'skeennessfororganization.The

complexityanddisorderlinessoflifeonlineencouragesmanypeopletoseekorderintheirphysicalspaces,

Dr.DodgenMageesays.HButthenyoufindwhenyourroomoryourinboxisorganized,yourworldhasn'tstopped

beingcomplex,"shesays.Atthispoint,manypeopledecideevenmoreorganizingisneeded,shesays.Butthis

canleadtocompulsive（難控制的）tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan'tkeep

thingsasneatandorderlyasyou'dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.

"Themoreofamessourinternalworldbecomes,themorelikelywearetograbontosomethingthatgivesusthis

senseofpeace,"shesays.Whilealittletidyingcanbeacalmingdistraction,shesays,it'satemporary

bandage,notacure.

8.WhatdoweknowaboutKondo'sphilosophy?

A.It'sbasedonsolidevidence.

B.Itinvolvesspirit-liftingmethods.

C.It'spopularwithmanypeople.

D.Itleadspeopletorecycleunusedstuff.

9.WhatdoestheexampleofEinsteinservetoshow?

A.Anemptydeskisasignofanemptymind.

B.Orderlyworkspacescanbringhealthbenefits.

C.Anuntidydeskcandamageworkingefficiency.

D.Messyenvironmentsarelikelytoencouragecreativity.

10.WhatdoesJosephFerrarisayaboutphysicalclutter?

A.Itdeterminespeople'slifesatisfaction.

B.Itcontributestouncheckedconsumerism.

C.Itreflectspeople'sattachmenttotechnology.

D.Itarisesfromthedesireformorepossessions.

11.Whatcanbeinferredabouttidyingfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itcanleadtoafeelingoffrustration.

B.Itmakespeople'sworldmorecomplex.

C.Itcanprovidelastingpeaceofmind.

D.Itworksbetterwiththehelpoftechnology.

D

Morethan360millionyearsago,duringtheDevonian（泥盆紀）period,lifewasflourishinginspectacular

fashion.Asfishandinvertebratespopulatedtheseas,thefirsttreesemergedonland.Butbytheendofthe

Devonian,morethanhalfofallEarth*sspecieshaddisappearedinaseriesofmassextinctions.Newresearch

showshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.

Aslandplantsdiversified,ntheystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdown

tograbwater,"saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyinthe

GeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus（磷）outof

thebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwere

washedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms（藻華）that

pulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.

TheresearcherstrackedthisdeadlypatterninfiveprehistoriclakebedsinScotlandandGreenland.Theymeasured

agradualphosphorusdecreaseinsedimentlayersfromthemiddletolateDevonian,accompaniedbysudden

increaseofthemineralwithevidenceofcorrespondingoxygendepletion（耗竭）.

“We'vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshave

occurred,butwecouldn'treallyexplainit,"saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversity

ofLiegeinBelgium.nThispapercouldbringanexplanation.H

UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthat

whiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreeroots

played.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhave

alreadybeenoccurring："Ifit'satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan'tblameitontheplants."

Next,Smart'steamplanstotestitsresultsusingcomputermodelstoseewhetherplantsonlandcouldhavecaused

ocean-wideoxygendepletionandcorrespondingextinction-analysisthatcouldalsohelppredictmodernalgal

blooms*impact.

12.What*sthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.Theevolutionoflandplants.B.Theeffectofphosphorusinflow.

C.Thesourceofcrucialminerals.D.Theprocessofmassextinctions.

13.What'sAnne-ChristineDaSilva'sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?

A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesMayaElrickagreewith?

A.Oxygendepletionworsenedastreesevolved.

B.Treeevolutioncan'tnecessarilyrevealextinctions.

C.Plantextinctionresultedfromthemineralincrease.

D.Phosphorusreductionoccurredbeforetreeevolution.

15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheRiseandFalloftheDevonianPeriod

B.TheRoleofPhosphorusinTrees'Evolution

C.AlgalBloomsContributetoOxygenDepletion

D.TreeRootsMayHaveSetOffMassExtinctions

二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。

Itisnosecretthattechnologyisfasttakingupeducationinalmosteverypartoftheworld.Mosteducatorswill

agreethatlearningistakingaconsiderableturn-aroundtowelcomedigitalteachingbothinandoutoftheclass.

(1)Sothereisaneedtoassessthesematerialstoidentifysuitableandsatisfactoryways.Thatiswhy,

whenadoptingdigitaltextbooksasaneducatororschool,youmustconsiderseveralfactors

below.

ContentInteraction

Isthecontentinthedigitaltextbookinteractiveenough?Itisacrucialquestionthatneedstogetlookedintoas

educatorsbeginfullyondigitalteaching.Asaneducationalparticipant,ensurethatthe3Dimages,sounds,

videos,anddiagramsinthedigitalcontentcankeeplearnersengagedforanextendedperiod.(2)

ReliabilityofEducationalApps

Importantly,ifyouareanaggressiveeducator,youwillalwayswantthebestforyourstudents.Ensurethatyou

choosereliableeducationalapplicationsthatwon*tletyoudownasateacher.(3)Pedagogueisan

applicationwitheverythingyouneedtoconductavirtualdigitalclassroomusinge-textbooks.Itisafantasticapp

thatwouldhelpyoumasterexcellentwaystointegratee-textbooksintoyourclassrooms.

AffordabilityandAccessibility

(4)______Besides,easyaccesstotheInternetineducationalinstitutionsisasignificantaspecttoconsider

whenusingdigitalbooksinschools.Moreover,educationappswithdigitaltextbooksshouldhaveupdated

learningcontenteasilydownloadableinstudents1tabletsandsmartphones.Thisway,teachingwillgeteasier

leadingtocomfortablelearningbyavarietyofstudents.

Moderneducatorsaretaskedwithensuringthatcontentdeliveryisanexcellentandfunactivity.(5)

Thatiswhyitiscriticaltomakesurethatthedigitaltextbooksweadoptandchooseforourstudentsarethebest

andcanmotivatecriticalthinkinginourstudents'minds.

Altsbelievedthatlearningisalaboringprocess.

B.Digitalcontentshouldbecomecheaperthanprinttextbooks.

C.E-textbooksshouldhelplearnerswithcontentunderstanding.

D.Youshouldhaveappsonyourphoneswithwell-researchedcontent.

E.Theyoughttoensureeducationismeaningfulandproductiveforthelearners.

F.Hence,thiswouldmaketheirlearningnotonlyinteractivebutalsoenjoyable.

G.Similarly,students*preferencefordigitallearningmaterialscontinuestoexpand.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空:本大題共15小題，共15分。

AboutamonthagoInoticedsomethingreallyamazing,whichImustcallagardenmiracle(奇跡).Itso

happenedthatwhenI(1)thedoubledoorsofasmallstorageareainthebackofmyhousewhereI(2)

mygardensuppliesduringthelong,severeNewEnglandwinter,Ifound,inoneofthedirt-filled

pots,aliving,growingplant,toppedwithtwoofthemostunlikelypink(3)you'veeverseen.

Howwasthis(4)?Theunheatedspacehadbeenclosedallwinter,anditwasstillcoldoutside.OnceI

caughtmybreath,I(5)anddiscoveredsomethingapproachingareasonableexplanation-therewasa

smallglasswindowatthetopofthedoubledoors,anditwaspossiblethatarayofsunfelldirectlyonthatpot,

givingtheplantjustenoughlightandwarmthto(6)ittogrowinitsownpersonalgreenhouse.

Ican'thelpfeeling(7)atthelessonsthiswonderfulplanthastoteach.

Foronething,Iammovedbythehappenstance(巧合)ofthewholething.IfIhad(8)mypotsix

inchestotheleftorrightofthatspot,theplantmightnothavegottenthat(9)rayoflight.IfIhad

(10)therootsoftheplantinlatefall,therewouldhavebeennothingbutdirtinthatpot.

Butthere*ssomethingelsethat(11)meaboutthis-justhowlittlelightand(12)ittookforthis

planttogrowandflower.rmnot(13)weshouldbemeanwithloveandkindnessandalltheother

warmingthingswe(14)forothersandforourselves.Butisn*titcomfortingtothinkthatjustadropof

(15)canbrightenaday,aplace,alife?

Whenitcomestopositivity,alittlegoesalongway.Justaskmylittlemiracleplant.

21.A.approachedB.shutC.openedD.knocked

22.A.needB.provideC.receiveD.keep

23.A.sticksB.branchesC.rootsD.flowers

24.A.essentialB.possibleC.significantD.different

25.A.steppedasideB.steppedawayC.lookeddownD.lookedaround

26.A.requestB.enableC.instructD.intend

27.A.excitedB.puzzledC.amazedD.amused

28.A.putB.foundC.measuredD.missed

29.A.broadB.softC.strongD.narrow

30.A.pulledoutB.caredforC.thoughtaboutD.broughtin

31.A.requiresB.cheersC.inspiresD.changes

32.A.attentionB.warmthC.timeD.effort

33.A.expectingB.imaginingC.doubtingD.saying

34.A.experienceB.doC.acceptD.remember

35.A.waterB.encouragementC.sunshineD.support

四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。

36.BominSuzhou,KunquOperadistinguished(1)(it)byitsrhythmicpattems.ltbecame(2)

(wide)popularduringtheMingDynasty.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinMingandQing

dynasties,operaplayersoften(3)(gather)inSuzhou,stagingdramaticworksinancient

China.CombiningtunesperformedintheSuzhoudialect,gracefulbodymovements,martialartsanddance,

KunquOperausesavarietyofmovementstoexpressspecific(4)(emotion).Italsopaysattentionto

eachdifference.Gracefulmovementsanimate(使具有活力)thefingertipsanduniquetunesmake(5)

richandpoeticworld.

KunquOperahadanimportantinfluenceonmanyformsofoperasinChina,(6)(include)Peking

Opera,whichisabout200yearsold.ItisthereforeknownasthemotherofallChineseoperas.Asa(7)

tradition)representationofChineseculture,stories(8)(perform)inKunquOperahavegone

beyondtimeandspace.ThePeonyPavilion,writtenbyplaywrightTangXianzu,who(9)

(compare)toShakespeare,isstilllovedbyfansfromaroundtheworld.

Alivingheritageisanendlessdialoguebetweenthepresent(10)thepast,andKunquOperaisacarrier

topassthatlegacyon.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達：本大題共2小題，共40分。

37.假定你是李華，上周你從某網(wǎng)站買了一些書籍，到貨發(fā)現(xiàn)所購書中有破損、缺頁現(xiàn)象，且一些書籍價

格比實體書店還要貴。你準備向該網(wǎng)站負責人寫一封投訴信。

要點如下：

(1)寫作目的；

(2)陳述問題；

(3)提出訴求。

注意：

(1)詞數(shù)80左右；

(2)可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearSirorMadam,

Yourssincerely,LiHua

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Marytriedtoholdherbreath.Shemovedawayslightly,butAmyonlymovedcloserandcontinuedtalking.

Marythoughttoherself,“Whydoesshealwayshavetositnexttome?”Amydidn'tseemtonoticethatMary

wastryingtomoveaway,andsheleanedincloser.MarywantedbadlytotellAmythatshedidn'tsmellvery

good,buthowcouldshewithouthurtingherfeelings?

WhenMarygothomefromschool,shecomplainedtohermother.HThere*sagirlnamedAmywholikestositnext

tomeinschool,butshesmellsbad.Nobodyelselikestositnexttoher,either."

"Well,trytobenicetoher,"saidhermother."Maybeshe'shavingahardtimeathome.Youneverknowwhata

person'shomelifeislike."

Fortherestoftheweek,MarytriedtobeagoodfriendtoAmy.Thereweretimeswhentheyhadfuntalkingand

playingtogether,especiallyonthedayswhenAmybathed.Butonthedayswhenshesmelledbad,Marystill

founditveryhardtobeherfriend.

Onemorning,whilegettingherhaircombedforschool,Marybroughtthesubjectupagainwithhermother.

"Idon'twanttobefriendswithAmyanymore,“shetoldhermother.

Hermother*shandsfrozeinmidair.Maryturnedtoseewhatthematterwas.Hermotherlookedupset.Mary

wonderedwhatshehadsaidmadehermotherreactthisway.

"Idon'tthinkyouunderstandAmy'ssituation,soletmeaskyouthis***"Hermother*stonewasserious.nWho

makessurethatyourhairiscombedeverymorningsoyou'lllooknicewhenyougotoschool?Whomakessure

you'rebathedandcleanedeveryday?Andyourclothesarewashedandneatlyironed?”

"YouandDaddy,nansweredMary.

“Doyouliveinahappyfamily?DoyouhaveagoodDadandMum?”Thenhermotherencouragedhertolearn

moreaboutAmybeforeshedecidedwhetherornottobefriendswithAmy.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Thenextdayafterschool,MaryhadatalkwithAmy.

SadnessorAmyfilledherheartandMarydecidedtomakefriendswithAmy.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章題目Fourofthebestoff-grid（不入網(wǎng)的）staysintheUK（英國最好

的四個不入網(wǎng)的度假勝地）可知，本文介紹的這四個度假目的地是沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的，是回歸自然的度假勝地，

由此可知，”回歸自然的度假勝地”這一點吸引游客前往這四個度假目的地。故選C。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LagganCottage部分Itisperfectforaweekofwatchingthewildlife,hiking,and

swimming.（這里非常適合一周的野生動物觀賞、徒步旅行和游泳。）可知，在LagganCottage可以觀賞野

生動物；根據(jù)EastLodge部分ArchwindowsaccompanymodernconveniencesincludingaTVandDVDsfor

movienights,thoughyoumayprefertoswitchoffandfocusonoutdoorfun,bikingonnaturetrailsandwatching

thewildlife.（拱形窗戶配有現(xiàn)代化的便利設(shè)施，包括電視和電影之夜的DVD,盡管你可能更喜歡關(guān)掉它，

專注于戶外娛樂，在自然的小徑上騎自行車和觀看野生動物。）可知，在EastLodge也可以觀賞野生動

物，綜上所述，游客可以在LagganCottage和EastLodge觀賞野生動物。故選D。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStrawCottage部分Dogsarewelcome,too.（狗也是受歡迎的。）可知，在

TheStrawCottage狗也是受歡迎的，由此可知，TheStrawCottage對寵物友好。故選C。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國最好的四個沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)、回歸自然的度假勝地。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的

趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌?/p>

首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4?7.【答案】A、A、B、A

【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的

“AndIwasheavy.Iweighedover90kg."Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweightfellaway,

Susanrecovered一andCampbellsabilitiesgrew”我很重。我體重超過90公斤。但幾周、幾個月過去了，體重

減輕了，蘇珊恢復(fù)了健康一坎貝爾的能力也增強了。）可知，在陪妻子受傷恢復(fù)期間，Campbell減了肥，

增加了跑步的能力。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的CampbellwentouttovisitSusan'sgroup,andnthetrailswereaterrible

mess.lthadbeenraining.AndIwasrunninginmyroadshoes.Slippingandslidingandfalling.AndIwas

struggling.!thought,well,IlikethisalotbutIcoulddobetter.”（坎貝爾去拜訪蘇珊的旅行團，”小徑上一片

狼藉。天一直在下雨。我穿著我的路鞋跑步?；?，掉。我很掙扎。我想，嗯，我很喜歡這個，但我可

以做得更好?！保┮约暗谒亩沃械?Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof"beingenvelopedbythetrail,

beingembracedbytheclosenessofthevegetationandthenearnessoftheriver.（他最喜歡的是那種“被小徑包

圍，被茂密的植被和河流所擁抱”的感覺）”可知，在陪伴她妻子在小路上跑步時，他很喜歡小路上的那種

感覺。由此推知，Campbell找到了在野外的那種快樂。故選A。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Itisapublicproclamation（聲明）thatyouarepartofthis

community,“hesays."Whereverwepark,IseealineofvehicleswiththeirvariousstickersandIfeelthatwe

areatribe（部落）（“這是一個公開的宣言，表明你是這個社區(qū)的一部分，“他說?！盁o論我們在哪里停

車，我都會看到一排貼著各種貼紙的車輛，我覺得我們是部落?？芍?，無論Campbell走到哪里，看到

這些帶有貼紙的車輛，就會感覺到他們的部落。由此可知，見到這些貼紙，Campbell有?種歸屬感。故選

Bo

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Campbellsufferedarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andis"acandidatefor

kneereplacement*'.Butfornow,heisholdingoffonsurgery.ltcouldputanendtotherunning—buttheHsenseof

wellbeingandaccomplishmentwillcarrymeonforever',,hesays.HIfIcan'trun,Iwillwalk.'*（坎貝爾在開始

跑步之前患有關(guān)節(jié)炎，是”膝關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的候選人二但現(xiàn)在，他推遲了手術(shù)。他說，這可能會結(jié)束跑步，

但”幸福感和成就感將永遠支撐著我“?！叭绻也荒芘?，我就走。"）可知，Campbell在開始跑步前患有關(guān)

節(jié)炎，但是他為了跑步推遲手術(shù)，這樣他覺得是“幸福感和成就感”在支撐著他，由此推知，Campbell是個

意志堅定的人。故選A。

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是Campbel陪妻子康復(fù)而加入跑步小組，提高了跑步的能力并開始跑馬拉

松并最終成為一名超長跑運動員的經(jīng)歷。

考查記敘文。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

8?11.【答案】C、D、D、A

【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo*s

philosophysatisfiesmanypeople'sneed.（從她的想法和方法的受歡迎程度來看，Kondo的哲學(xué)滿足了許多人

的需求。）可知，Kondo的哲學(xué)受到很多人的歡迎。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalso

conventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnew

ideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,"Ifacluttereddeskisasignof

aclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”（2013年的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有序的空間會促進健

康的選擇，但也會促進傳統(tǒng)思維，而在凌亂或雜亂無章的空間中工作，則會促進創(chuàng)造力和新想法。眾所周

知，愛因斯坦有一張非常凌亂的桌子，有人引用他的話說：”如果凌亂的桌子是凌亂的大腦的標志，那么

空桌子是什么標志呢？"）可推知，這里用桌子凌亂但擁有巨大創(chuàng)造力的愛因斯坦的例子是為了佐證前面

的觀點：凌亂的環(huán)境有可能促進創(chuàng)造力。故選D。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohave

moremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,"saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy."Itisn'tabundancethat'sthe

problemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance."（該研究的共同作者JosephFerrari說："在我們生活的這個富足

的社會里，我認為我們必須擁有更多的想法會讓我們對生活不滿意。問題不在于富足，而在于對富足的依

戀。"）可知，JosephFerrari認為物理上的雜亂源于人們內(nèi)心對于富足的依戀，人們渴望擁有更多東西。故

選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Butthiscanleadtocompulsive（難控制的）tidyingand,

unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan'tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou'dlikethemtobe,she

explains.（但這可能會導(dǎo)致強迫性的整理，當你不能像你希望的那樣保持東西整潔有序時，不可避免地會

有一種失敗感，她解釋說。）可知，科技給世界增加的復(fù)雜和無序會引起人們渴望整理，讓自己的世界不

再復(fù)雜，但是這種渴望太過強烈的時候反而容易引起失落，因為有時候事與愿違。由此可知，整理可能會

導(dǎo)致挫敗感。故選A。

本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了雖然很多人追求通過整理來改變生活，但相關(guān)研究表明整理實際上有好有

壞，有序的空間能促進健康的選擇，但也可能會限制創(chuàng)造性的思維，雜亂反映了人們對于富足的依戀的問

題，但是整理不能從根本上解決人們內(nèi)心世界的混亂。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔

細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】D、B、B、D

【解析】（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段

Aslandplantsdiversified,"theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdownt

ograbwater,"saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,

leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialminerals

suchasphosphorus（磷）outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-

richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-

wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms（藻華）

thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.（美國海軍學(xué)院海洋學(xué)家

MathewSmart是《美國地質(zhì)學(xué)會公報》上這項新研究的主要作者，他說，隨著陸地植物的多樣化，"它們

開始生長更復(fù)雜的根系，能夠延伸到更遠的地方取水”。深深的樹根吸收了磷等重要礦物質(zhì)然后最終腐

爛，形成富含礦物質(zhì)的土壤。周期性地，大量的這種土壤被沖入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入導(dǎo)致

了有害的藻華從下面的水中抽取氧氣。隨后發(fā)生了一系列大規(guī)模的物種滅絕。）可知，本段主要介紹了一

系列大規(guī)模的物種滅絕的過程。故選D。

（2）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"We，vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,

andwehavebeenthinkingt