2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernhero測(cè)評(píng)課后習(xí)題含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE第五單元測(cè)評(píng)(時(shí)間:120分鐘滿分:150分)主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前,你都有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀題目;聽(tīng)完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。M:Sorry,IhaveforgottenJohn’saddress.W:Youforgotagain!It’s1343Street.1.What’sJohn’saddress?A.1434Street.B.1344Street.C.1343Street.答案:CM:Ineedsomestampsandsomeenvelopesaswell.W:Willyousteprightovertothesecondwindow,please?2.Whereistheconversationprobablytakingplace?A.Onabus.B.Onthesteps.C.Inapostoffice.答案:CM:Yourskirtisquitebeautifulincolour,isn’tit?W:Yes,Iboughtitatasaleforhalfprice.Itcostme$12.3.Howmuchshouldtheskirthavecost?A.$24.B.$12.C.$6.答案:AM:IhopeIcanseeyouatmybirthdayparty.W:Oh,dear,I’vealmostforgotten.Whenisit?M:Well,thedayafterAprilFools’Day.Easytoremember,isn’tit?4.Whenistheman’sbirthday?A.April1st. B.April2nd. C.April3rd.答案:BM:IhearyouaregoingtodrivetoNewYorkthisweekend.W:Oh,I’vechangedmymind.M:What?W:Ithinkflyingwillbemorecomfortable.5.HowwillthewomangettoNewYork?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byairplane.答案:C其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至8題。M:Excuseme,madam.I’mwonderingifyoucouldtellmetheplacewhereIcanrepairmyshoes?W:There’soneontheFifthStreet.M:Thankyou,buthowfarisittothatstore?W:Notveryfaranditisnotdifficulttofind.Justkeepwalkingandaftertwoblocksyouwillseeasupermarketonyourleft.Thestoreisnexttothesupermarket.M:Oh,thankyouverymuch.W:You’rewelcome.Youwon’tmissit,youngman.6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Tohavehisshoesmended.B.Tobuyapairofnewshoes.C.Todotheshoppinginasupermarket.答案:A7.Howfaristhesupermarket?A.Twoblocksaway.B.Fiveblocksaway.C.Sixblocksaway.答案:A8.Howwillthemangettotheplace?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Inhiscar.答案:B聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第9至11題。M:What’sthematter,Alice?W:Sorry,Mr.Harrison.Imissedmytrain.M:Whydidyoumissyourtrain?W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelate.M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?W:No.Myauntcalledmeatthelastminute.M:Tellhernottocallyouinthemorning.W:Iwill,Mr.Harrison.I’mreallysorryforbeinglate.M:Ifyouarelateagain,Iwon’tletyoupassforthisclass.9.What’stherelationship(關(guān)系)betweenthetwospeakers?A.Secretaryandboss.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.答案:B10.Whywasshelate?A.Herauntcalledhertogetuplate.B.Shemissedthebus.C.Shegotatelephonecall.答案:C11.Whatcanweknowabouttheteacher?A.Heisstrictwithhisstudents.B.Heiscoldtohisstudents.C.Hegetsangryeasily.答案:A聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第12至14題。M:Whatseemstobethematter?W:Ijustcan’tsleepwell,doctor.M:Isee.Andhowlonghaveyouhadthisproblem?W:Oh,forabouttwoweeksnow.M:Twoweeks.Doyouhaveheadaches?W:Sometimes.M:Fever?W:No.M:Areyouhavinganyfamilyproblems?W:No,notreally.Weallgetalongprettywell.M:Andhowaboutyourwork?W:Well,I’vebeenworkingalotlately—morethan11hoursaday.M:Maybeyoushouldtakeavacationandjustrestforafewdays.W:Well,Ican’trightnow.We’reinthemiddleofsomeimportantbusiness.M:Yes,Iunderstand,butyoureallyneedtoslowdown.You’regoingtokillyourselfifyougoonlikethis.12.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inacompany.B.Inafactory.C.Inahospital.答案:C13.Whycan’tthewomansleepwell?A.Becauseshehasbeenworkingtoohard.B.Becauseshehasafamilyproblem.C.Becauseshehasahighfever.答案:A14.Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthatthewomanshoulddo?A.Sheshouldtakesomemedicine.B.Sheshouldtakeholidays.C.Sheshouldchangeajob.答案:B聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第15至17題。M:Whatalotofrubbishandwaste!Ijustwonderhowpeoplecandealwiththesethingseveryday.W:Don’tworry.Therearemanywaysofdealingwiththem.Theotherday,Iheardthatarubbishplantisbeingbuiltnearourtown.M:Arubbishplant?Toproducerubbishortodealwithrubbish?W:Todealwithrubbish,ofcourse.M:Howmuchrubbishcanitdealwitheveryday?W:Maybe3,000tons,Iamnotsure.M:Ourtownwillbecomecleaneraftertheplantisbuilt.W:Ihopeso.15.Whereistheplant(工廠)beingbuilt?A.Farawayfromthetown.B.Notfarawayfromthetown.C.Northofthetown.答案:B16.Whatistheplantbuiltfor?A.Producingtrucks.B.Producingrubbish.C.Dealingwithrubbish.答案:C17.Whatcanyouconcludeaccordingtothedialogue?A.Howtodealwithrubbishisabigproblemintheirtown.B.Theyhopethatanotherrubbishplantwillbesetupintheirtown.C.Theplantcanatleastdealwith3,000tonsofrubbisheveryday.答案:C聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。Youaskmeaboutmyhometown,sonowI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutit.IliveinBrighton,whichisnotaverybigtown.Ithasapopulationofaround300,000.Itisonthecoastabout50milesfromLondon.Ofcourseitisn’tasinterestingasLondonorParis.Buttheairisalotcleanerandbetter.Thereislittlepopulationthere.ThereareafewfactoriesinBrighton,butnotmany.Itisn’tveryeasytofindajobthere.Myfatherusedtoworkinasteelplantwhichshutdownayearagoandmyfatherlosthisjob.Buttherearealotofhotelsandlanguageschoolsinthetown.Insummerthetownisfulloftravellers.Myfatherdecidestoopenasmallshoptosellgifts.Butheisshortofmoney.Hehopesthathecanborrowsomemoneyfromthebank.18.WhereexactlyisBrighton?A.15milesfromLondon.B.50milesfromLondon.C.50milesfromParis.答案:B19.What’sthepopulationofBrighton?A.30,000. B.130,000. C.300,000.答案:C20.WhyaretherealotofhotelsinBrighton?A.Becausetherearealotofworkers.B.Becausetherearealotofstudents.C.Becausetherearealotoftravellers.答案:C其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIwasreadingtheseinterestingstoriesbehindagroupofgreatlogosintheworld.PersonallyNikeismyfavoriteonebecauseit’ssosimple.AndIlikedthestoriesbehindthem,whichmademeforgetallotherthings.McDonald’s,Apple,Mercedes-BenzandAdidasowngreatlogosaswell,andtheyareamongmyfavorites.NikeIntheGreekmyth,Nikeisthegoddessofvictoryandthesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess.Nike’slogowasdesignedbyCarolynDavidsonin1971for$35,andwasregisteredasatrademark(商標(biāo))in1995.McDonald’sThelogowasdesignedin1962byJimSchindlertoresemblethearch-shapedsignsonthesideofthecompany’sthenwalk-uphamburgerstand.Lateron,thetwogoldenarcheswerecombinedtogethertoformtheM.TheMcDonald’snamewasaddedtothelogoin1968.AppleTherearedifferentstoriesbehindApple’slogo.Apple’sfirstlogo,designedin1976byRonWayne,describedSirIsaacNewtonsittingunderanappletree.Thislogodidn’tstaylongandwasalmostimmediatelyreplacedbygraphicdesignerRobJanoff’s“rainbowApple”,arainbow-coloredsilhouetteofanapplewithabitetakenoutofit.Andthentherainbow-coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone-coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar.Mercedes-BenzTheMercedes-Benzlogo,whichwasoriginallycreatedbyGottliebDaimlerandwasfirstusedin1909,consistsofasimpledescriptionofathree-pointedstarthatrepresentsitsaimformotorization:onland,waterandintheair.ThecompanywasfoundedbyGottliebDaimlerandWilhelmMaybach.AdidasTheAdidaslogo,whichwascreatedbythefounderofthecompanyAdiDassler,representsmountains,pointingtowardsthechallengesthatareseenaheadandthegoalsthatcanbeachieved.Thelogowasusedforthefirsttimein1967.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文介紹了幾個(gè)聞名的商標(biāo)背后的故事,包括發(fā)展的過(guò)程以及每個(gè)商標(biāo)所代表的含義。21.WhatdoesNike’slogostandfor?A.ThewingoftheGreekgoddess.B.Thesourceofinspirationforsoldiers.C.ThestatueoftheGreekgoddess.D.Thegoddessofvictory.答案:A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“ThislogorepresentsthewinginthefamousstatueoftheGreekgoddess”可知,這個(gè)商標(biāo)代表的是希臘女神Nike雕像上的翅膀,故A項(xiàng)正確。22.WecanlearnthatApple’spresentlogois.

A.thereligiousstoryofAdamandEveB.abittenapplewithonlyonecolorC.Newton’ssittingunderanappletreeD.therainbow-coloredbittenapple答案:B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Andthentherainbow-coloredapplewasreplacedbytheone-coloredlogoin1998.Ithasnotbeenchangedsofar”可知,現(xiàn)在的蘋果商標(biāo)是一個(gè)只有一種顏色的被咬掉一塊的蘋果。故B項(xiàng)正確。23.Whichofthefollowingdescribestherightorderofthebirthofthegreatlogos?A.Mercedes-Benz→McDonald’s→Nike→AppleB.Nike→McDonald’s→Apple→Mercedes-BenzC.McDonald’s→Apple→Nike→Mercedes-BenzD.Nike→Mercedes-Benz→McDonald’s→Apple答案:A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段的第一句可推知,梅賽德斯—奔馳商標(biāo)的誕生時(shí)間在1909年之前;依據(jù)第三段第一句可知麥當(dāng)勞商標(biāo)被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的時(shí)間是在1962年;依據(jù)其次段最終一句可知耐克商標(biāo)被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的時(shí)間是1971年;依據(jù)第四段其次句可知蘋果商標(biāo)首次被設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的時(shí)間是1976年。由此可知正確依次是A項(xiàng)。BManypeoplediscoverRoaldDahlthroughhisstoriesandpoems.Hisbookshavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.HehasalsoinspiredTVandradioshowsandmovies.Withhishelp,kidsallovertheworldcanimaginestrangecandies,friendlygiants,andfrighteningvillains(反派主角).Indeed,RoaldDahlledalifefullofadventures(冒險(xiǎn)).Yet,wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofhimfromotherthings,too.MorethanJustWords:TheRoaldDahlFoundationRoaldDahlbecameinterestedinhelpingpeoplewhohadseriousinjuriesanddiseases.Asawriter,Roaldcaredabouthelpingchildrenreadmore.Tocarryoutthesegoals,hisfamilysetuptheRoaldDahlFoundation.Thefoundationhelpspeople,hospitals,andcharitiesbygivingmoneyformedicalandeducationalneeds.ItcontinuesthespiritofgivingthatRoaldexpressedthroughouthislife.StoriesforAllAges:TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentreRoaldDahl’swife,FelicityDahl,wantedtosetupacentralplacetoprotectallofRoald’swritings.ShehelpedcreatetheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentreinBuckinghamshire,England.ItholdsacollectionofRoald’swritingsandrecordingsforthepublictovisit.Hispersonallettersandpostcardscanbefoundthere,aswellasphotographsandmanyofhisawards.Asyoucansee,onecangetaprettycompletepictureofRoaldDahl’slifebyvisitingthislibrary.Themuseumalsoencouragespeopletowritecreatively.Now,peopleofallagesarelearningaboutRoaldDahlthroughhisworks.Throughhisstories,thefoundation,andthemuseum,RoaldDahlwillcontinuetohaveagreateffectonreadersaroundtheworldforyearstocome.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)作家RoaldDahl除了寫作之外的愛(ài)好和成就。24.ItcanbeinferredthatRoaldDahl.

A.producedmanymoviesB.masteredseverallanguagesC.travelledtomanycountriesD.wrotemanyadventurousstories答案:D解析推理推斷題。本題A、B、C三項(xiàng)均曲解了文章意思。RoaldDahl的作品啟發(fā)了很多電視、電臺(tái)節(jié)目和電影,不等于他制作了很多電影;他的書被翻譯成多種語(yǔ)言,不等于他精通多種語(yǔ)言;他的讀者遍布全球,不等于他去過(guò)很多國(guó)家。從第一段列舉的他的書中人物,以及“RoaldDahlledalifefullofadventures(冒險(xiǎn))”可推斷出他寫了很多冒險(xiǎn)故事。故選D項(xiàng)。25.TheRoaldDahlFoundation.

A.wassetupbyRoaldDahlB.employsmanyfamousdoctorstocurediseasesC.helpssickkidsreadusefulbooksD.helpspeopleororganisationsforfree答案:D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章對(duì)RoaldDahl基金會(huì)的介紹可知,該基金會(huì)由Dahl一家成立,目的是幫助有嚴(yán)峻傷病的人,以及幫助孩子多讀書。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)目標(biāo),他們捐錢給醫(yī)療和教化項(xiàng)目。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知,只有D項(xiàng)符合文意。26.TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentrewasbuiltto.

A.attractpublicvisitsB.keepRoaldDahl’sworksC.showRoaldDahl’sawardsD.givelessonsaboutwriting答案:B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)對(duì)TheRoaldDahlMuseumandStoryCentre介紹的第一句可知,FelicityDahl創(chuàng)建該博物館和故事中心的初衷就是保存Dahl的作品。故選B項(xiàng)。27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsRoaldDahl?A.Heisdisappointedinhim.B.Hethinkshighlyofhim.C.Heisfriendlytohim.D.Heiscrueltohim.答案:B解析觀點(diǎn)看法題。本文字里行間都對(duì)RoaldDahl進(jìn)行了高度評(píng)價(jià)。故選B項(xiàng)。CItwasanormalschooldayforseniorSolymarSolisuntilanunexpectedvisitorarrived.Herdad,Sgt.CarlosSolisMelendez,surprisedherbycominghomeearlyfromKuwaitandvisitingherunannouncedatSpringValleyHighSchoolinSouthCarolina.AfterservinginKuwaitforninemonths,Melendezreturnedhomeaweekearlierthanhisdaughterexpected.Heheldballoonsandflowersinaclassroomashesatatastudent’sdesktoblend(摻和)inwiththecrowd.“Itcametomymindlike‘Howisshegoingtoreact?’,”herecalledtheheartwarmingmoment.“Isshegoingtobehappyandruntomeandhugme,orcry?Thatwasallgoingonthroughmymind.”AsSolymarenteredtheclassroomasusual,shewassoonovercomewithemotion,immediatelyburstingintotearsandcoveringhermouth.Shedidn’ttalk.Shewasjustcrying.Shethoughtitwasadream.Melendezwasasingleparentsowhenhewasdeployed(調(diào)動(dòng)),hegothissistertolivewithhisdaughter.Whenhewascomingbackandtalkingtohissister,bothofthemcametotheconclusionthattheyshoulddosomethingspecialforhisdaughter.Melendezandhissistergotintouchwiththeschool,andtheyplannedthiswholebeing-in-the-classroomthing,anditturnedoutperfect.Thetwoareverymuchlookingforwardtosomegooddaddy-daughtertimenowthathe’shome.“Itmeanseverything,”Melendezsaidofbeingabletosurprisehisdaughterinthisway.“Afterallthesacrifices(犧牲)she’smade,shedeservesallthespecialarrangementsandspecialoccasionsandcelebrations.I’lldoanythingformydaughter.IbelieveI’mdoinggoodparenting.”【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文,講解并描述了在姐姐和女兒學(xué)校的幫助下,一位在科威特工作的父親提前回家在女兒的教室為她打算了一個(gè)驚喜的故事。28.HowdidSolymarfeelatfirstwhenenteringtheclassroom?A.Shewaseagertohugherfather.B.Shefelteverythingwasasusual.C.Shegotexcitedatseeingherfather.D.Shewassurprisedbywhatshesaw.答案:B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“ItwasanormalschooldayforseniorSolymarSolis...”中的“anormalschoolday”和第三段中的“AsSolymarenteredtheclassroomasusual...”可知,Solymar那天剛進(jìn)入教室時(shí)感覺(jué)到一切如平常一樣,故選項(xiàng)B正確。29.WhatwasMelendez’sattitudetothesurprise?A.Content. B.Astonished.C.Touched. D.Upset.答案:A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段末句中的“...anditturnedoutperfect”和第五段中的“...shedeservesallthespecialarrangements...I’mdoinggoodparenting”可以推斷出,這位父親對(duì)這次為女兒打算的驚喜是特別滿足的(content)。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。30.WhydidMelendezplanthesurpriseforSolymar?A.Togetinvolvedinherschoollife.B.Toshowhisconcernforherinaspecialway.C.Tobuildastrongemotionalbondwithher.D.Tomakeupforwhatshelostinhergrowth.答案:D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的描述可知,Solymar的父親在外工作,把她托付給他的姐姐照看,這次提前回來(lái)并在他姐姐和學(xué)校的幫助下支配了這次特殊的見(jiàn)面。同時(shí)結(jié)合第五段父親的話可以看出,他之所以這樣做就是為了彌補(bǔ)(makeupfor)Solymar在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中缺失的父愛(ài)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Father’sSelflessLoveforHisDaughterB.GirlExpectingtheReturningofHerDadC.GirlSurprisedatSchoolbyHerDad’sReturnD.FatherandDaughter’sExpectedReunion答案:C解析主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容,尤其是首段第一句中的“untilanunexpectedvisitorarrived”以及末段中的“Melendezsaidofbeingabletosurprisehisdaughterinthisway.”可知,父親為了給女兒一個(gè)驚喜,所以提前回家,并在女兒所在的教室細(xì)心打算了這次見(jiàn)面。所以選項(xiàng)C更加干脆,并具有概括性,因此適合作標(biāo)題。DDoyousupposeDarwin,oneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,reallydidfools’experiments?Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?Sometimes,peoplethinktheyalreadyknowtheanswertoaquestionorthesolution(解決方法)toaproblem.Sometimes,theyreallydoknowananswerorasolution,butwithoutthinkingtheyareimportant.CharlesDarwindidn’tsettlefor(滿足于)justthinkingheknewsomething.And,hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.Supposeyoudropsheetsofpaperthatareexactlythesamesizeandshape.Ifyoudropthematthesametimeinthesameplace,theywillfallinthesameway.Nowmakeoneofthesheetsofpaperintoatight(緊的)littleballandletitdropalongwiththeothersheet.Whathappens?Youhavedoneanexperimentthatissosimplethatyoumightthinkitcouldn’tbeworthanything.Butthissimpleexperimentisimportant.Itexplainspartofourpresent-dayunderstandingofsomephysicsideasthatwereworkedoutlongagobyGalileoandNewton.AndtheseunderstandingssetasidesomeofancientGreekphysics.

Sciencesometimesstopstolookatverysimplethingsandtothinkveryhardaboutthem.Eventhesimplestidea,whichwemightthinkisfoolish,canshakethefoundationsofscience.32.ThepassagetellsusthatCharlesDarwin.

A.wasagreatEnglishscientistB.alwayslikeddoingtheexperimentsthatothersthoughtdifficultC.thoughteventhesimplestthingwasimportantD.didn’tgetwellwithothers答案:C解析推理推斷題。短文并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)CharlesDarwin是一名宏大的科學(xué)家,可解除A項(xiàng);由第三段Darwin的很多試驗(yàn)都看似很簡(jiǎn)潔,可把B項(xiàng)解除;文中沒(méi)有論述Darwin與人相處的事情,可解除D項(xiàng)。由第三段中的“hebelievedallthingscouldbeimportanthoweversimpletheyseemedtobe.”可推出答案:為C項(xiàng)。33.Theunderlinedphrase“setaside”mostprobablymeans“”.

A.throwaway B.storeupC.puttouse D.realize答案:A解析詞義揣測(cè)題。由上文可知作者認(rèn)為做這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔試驗(yàn)是重要的,它說(shuō)明了目前人們對(duì)于物理方面的理解。因此這些理解當(dāng)然是推翻了一些希臘物理學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)。由此可推知setaside與throwaway同義。34.Theauthorofthepassagetriesto.

A.convinceusthatCharlesDarwin,GalileoandNewtonarethegreatestscientistsintheworldB.drawtheconclusionthatbasicsciencesaresimplethingsC.provethattwosheetsofpaper,withthesamesizeandshape,willfallatthesamespeedD.drawourattentiontoeverydayhappeningsaroundus答案:D解析主旨大意題。短文的最終一段點(diǎn)明最簡(jiǎn)潔的事情都可能搖動(dòng)科學(xué)的根基,意在告知讀者要留意身邊的每一件事,哪怕它特別簡(jiǎn)潔。35.Whichoneofthefollowingistrue?A.Darwinreallydidfools’experiments.B.AccordingtosomepeopleDarwindidfoolishexperiments.C.Itisbelievedbyallpeoplethatthingscouldbeimportantthoughtheyseemedtobesimple.D.GalileoandNewtonworkedoutancientGreekphysics.答案:B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。短文第一段其次句“Ordidhedoexperimentsthatweresosimpleandbasicthatotherpeoplejustthoughttheywerefoolish?”明確告知我們有些人認(rèn)為Darwin做了愚蠢的試驗(yàn)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。What’sapartheid(種族隔離制度)?Apartheidforcedwhiteandnon-whitepeopletoliveinseparateareas.Non-whitepeoplemeantblackpeople,peoplefromAsiaandpeopleofmixedrace.Awhitepersonandablackpersoncouldnotmarry.36Blackchildrenandwhitechildrenwenttodifferentschools.Sportsteamswereall-whiteorall-black,nevermixed.

Mandelamadeastand.MandelaandOliverTambosetupSouthAfrica’sfirstblacklawfirm.37MandelaledyoungpeopleintheANC.Manywhitepeople,aswellasblackpeople,spokeoutagainstapartheid.MandelaadmiredGandhi,whohadusedpeacefulprotestinIndia.Perhapspeacefulprotestcouldgetridofapartheid,withoutfighting.Buttospeakoutwasdangerous.38Afteratrial(審判)lastingfiveyears,hewassetfreein1961.

39

In1960,peopleheldademonstrationagainstapartheidatSharpeville,nearJohannesburg.69blackpeoplewereshotdeadbythepolice.ThegovernmentblamedtheANC,andbannedit.ThenMandelabecameleaderofasecretarmy,knownasUmkhontoweSizweor“SpearoftheNation”.Hewashuntedbythepolice,andhadtohide.Hetravelledtoothercountriestoaskforhelp.Mandelawenttojail.In1961SouthAfricalefttheCommonwealth.Millionsofpeopleinothercountriessupportedtheantiapartheidmovement.ManynationsstoppedtradingwithSouthAfrica.Sportsteamsandentertainersrefusedtogothere.40In1962,NelsonMandelawasarrestedagain.In1964,aged46,hewasgivenalifesentence.

A.WhathappenedatSharpeville?B.Poorpeoplecametothemforhelp.C.Butstillthegovernmentrefusedtochange.D.HowdidpeoplerespondtoNelsonMandela?E.In1956,Mandelaand155otherpeoplewerearrestedfortreason(叛國(guó)罪).F.Manycoloredpeoplewereoutofjobandcouldhardlysupportthemselves.G.Blackpeopleandwhitepeoplecouldnotshareatableinarestaurant,orsittogetheronabus.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了曼德拉為了廢除種族隔離制度而做的一系列斗爭(zhēng)及遭受。36.G本段主要講解并描述了什么是種族隔離制度,空處前后均介紹了種族隔離下的社會(huì)狀況,G項(xiàng)“黑人和白人在餐館不能同坐一張桌子,也不能在公交車上坐在一起”也與種族隔離制度相符,故選G項(xiàng)。37.B由上文語(yǔ)境“MandelaandOliverTambosetupSouthAfrica’sfirstblacklawfirm”可知,B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“窮人找他們幫忙”,且B項(xiàng)中的them與上文提到的曼德拉二人相照應(yīng)。38.E由上文語(yǔ)境“Buttospeakoutwasdangerous”及下文“Afteratrial(審判)lastingfiveyears,hewassetfreein1961”可推知,1956年曼德拉被捕了,故選E項(xiàng)。39.A空處為本段小標(biāo)題。由本段內(nèi)容可知,此處主要描述了在Sharpeville發(fā)生的事情,故選A項(xiàng)。40.C由上文各國(guó)、組織、人民的反對(duì)措施及下文“In1962,NelsonMandelawasarrestedagain”可知,政府依舊沒(méi)有變更看法,故C項(xiàng)正確。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.ThedayarrivedwhenIwastobetestedtoseeifIcould41toahigherlevelclass.

Fifteenofuswereto42swimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.Iwatchedasmy43,onebyone,triedandfailed.Thenitwasmyturnto44,Imean,myturntoattempttopassthetest.ItwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot45.Iimmediatelystoppedand46thesideofthepool,endingmytest.Ourinstructor,acollegestudent,wasstanding47me.“Whydidyoustop?”heyelled,inalessthan48voice.“Igotwaterinmynose,”I49.

That’swhenthiscollegestudent50meoneoflife’sgreatlessons,51heprobablyneverrealizedthat.Bendingdown,heshouted,“So?”

“So?”The52shockedme.Ithadjustseemed53tomethattheanswertopainwastoremovethethingcausingthe54.Mynine-year-oldbrainhadnotunderstoodthefactthatavaluable55isworthachieving,howeverdifficulttogetthere.Recognizingthat,Iwas56nothingwouldkeepmefromcompletingthetest.Infact,Ididitrather57onmynextattempt.Seeingme58thetest,almostalltheothersdidsoaswell.

Lifeisajourney,andtheroadwon’t59beeasy.Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination,notthe60alongtheroad.

【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己九歲的時(shí)候游泳考試的一段經(jīng)驗(yàn)。從這段經(jīng)驗(yàn)中,作者相識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn):有價(jià)值的目標(biāo)是值得一個(gè)人為之努力和奮斗的。最終作者順當(dāng)通過(guò)了游泳考試。41.A.skip B.referC.advance D.add答案:C解析空處所在句子表示作者要參與游泳考試以便確認(rèn)能否“升級(jí)到”更高一個(gè)層次的課程。advanceto“達(dá)到(某地等),前進(jìn)到”,符合語(yǔ)境。42.A.taketurns B.insistonC.takerisks D.putoff答案:A解析依據(jù)onebyone可知,作者和同學(xué)們是“輪番”進(jìn)行考試的,taketurnsdoingsth.“輪番做某事”,符合語(yǔ)境。insiston“堅(jiān)持”;takerisks“冒險(xiǎn)”;putoff“推遲”。43.Apetitors B.classmatesC.students D.instructors答案:B解析依據(jù)首段首句“Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.”可知,作者參與了一個(gè)游泳班,由此可知,作者觀看的是“同班同學(xué)”輪番考試,所以答案:是petitor“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者”;student“學(xué)生”;instructor“指導(dǎo)者”。44.A.show B.leaveC.fail D.observe答案:C解析上文講到,作者眼看著他的同學(xué)們一個(gè)跟著一個(gè)進(jìn)行游泳考試,但都失敗了,接下來(lái),輪到自己“失敗”了,所以答案:是fail。show“顯示,顯出”;leave“離開”;observe“視察”。45.A.injured B.blamedC.trapped D.choked答案:D解析依據(jù)下文中的“Igotwaterinmynose”可知,作者在游泳考試中被水“嗆”著了,由此可知答案:是choked,choke“嗆,窒息”,getchoked“被嗆著了”。getinjured“受傷”;getblamed“被責(zé)怪”;gettrapped“被困住”。46.A.pushed B.pressedC.grabbed D.controlled答案:C解析作者被水嗆到后立刻停止了游泳,“抓住”了泳池的邊,結(jié)束了考試。grab“抓住”,符合語(yǔ)境。push“推”;press“按,壓”;control“限制”。47.A.above B.belowC.beside D.beyond答案:A解析作者因?yàn)楸凰畣苤Ｖ沽擞斡究荚?抓住了泳池的邊,此時(shí),他的教練,一個(gè)高校生,正站在他的“上方”。作者在泳池里,教練應(yīng)是站在游泳池邊上,所以要用above,表示“在……上方”。below“在……下面”;beside“在……旁邊”;beyond“超出(某個(gè)數(shù)量、水平或限度)”。48.A.surprised B.sympatheticC.annoyed D.cold答案:B解析作者因?yàn)楸凰畣苤Ｖ沽丝荚?抓住了泳池的邊。結(jié)合下文可知,此時(shí),教練用毫不“憐憫的”聲音對(duì)作者喊:“你為什么不游了?”所以答案:是sympathetic“憐憫的”。surprised“驚訝的”;annoyed“苦惱的”;cold“冷淡的,不友好的”。49.A.explained B.reactedC.answered D.shouted答案:A解析當(dāng)教練用毫不憐憫的聲音質(zhì)問(wèn)作者為什么停止游泳的時(shí)候,作者“說(shuō)明”說(shuō):“我的鼻子進(jìn)水了。”所以答案:是explained“說(shuō)明”。50.A.delivered B.owedC.taught D.promised答案:C解析teachsb.alesson是固定短語(yǔ),意思是“給某人一個(gè)教訓(xùn)”,符合語(yǔ)境,所以答案:是taught。deliver“分送”;owe“欠”;promise“許諾”。51.A.sothat B.asifC.incase D.evenif答案:D解析作者感慨,這個(gè)高校生,也就是教練,給了他人生中一個(gè)很大的教訓(xùn),“雖然”他(教練)很可能并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。evenif“雖然,即使”,符合語(yǔ)境。sothat“以便”;asif“似乎”;incase“以防”。52.A.problem B.excuseC.question D.voice答案:C解析依據(jù)So可知,此處表示這個(gè)“問(wèn)題”使作者很驚訝,所以答案:是blem“難題”;excuse“理由,借口”;voice“聲音”。53.A.logical B.difficultC.different D.impossible答案:A解析在作者看來(lái),解決苦痛的方法就是清除引起“不適”的事物,這似乎是“合乎邏輯的”,所以答案:是logical“合乎邏輯的”。54.A.disaster B.discomfortC.damage D.fear答案:B解析disaster“災(zāi)難”;discomfort“不舒適,不適”;damage“破壞,毀壞”;fear“膽怯 ”。B項(xiàng)符合情境。55.A.result B.advantageC.goal D.task答案:C解析作者九歲的腦袋此前還不明白這個(gè)事實(shí):一個(gè)有價(jià)值的“目標(biāo)”是值得實(shí)現(xiàn)的,無(wú)論實(shí)現(xiàn)它有多么難。goal“目標(biāo)”,符合語(yǔ)境。result“結(jié)果”;advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì),特長(zhǎng)”;task“任務(wù)”。56.A.concerned B.sensitiveC.embarrassed D.sure答案:D解析作者意識(shí)到無(wú)論多么難,一個(gè)有價(jià)值的目標(biāo)是值得實(shí)現(xiàn)的之后,“確信”什么也阻擋不了自己完成這次考試。sure“確信的,有把握的”,符合語(yǔ)境。concerned“擔(dān)憂的”;sensitive“敏感的”;embarrassed“尷尬的”。57.A.slowly B.easilyC.clumsily D.eagerly答案:B解析作者在堅(jiān)決了信念之后,在下一次的嘗試中,很“輕易地”通過(guò)了考試,所以答案:是easily“簡(jiǎn)潔地,輕易地”。slowly“緩慢地”;clumsily“笨拙地”;eagerly“熱切地,渴望地”。58.A.attend B.takeC.give D.pass答案:D解析依據(jù)其次段中的“myturntoattempttopassthetest”及該段中的“Ididitrather57onmynextattempt”可知選D項(xiàng)。

59.A.always B.sometimesC.ever D.seldom答案:A解析生活猶如一場(chǎng)旅行,道路不會(huì)“總是”平坦的。always“總是”;sometimes“有時(shí)候”;ever“曾經(jīng)”;seldom“很少”。60.A.sights B.barriersC.surprises D.harvests答案:B解析我們要關(guān)注最終的目的地,而不是沿途的“障礙”。sight“景象”;barrier“障礙”;surprise“令人驚異的事物”;harvest“收獲”。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AbrahamLincoln,61.isregardedasoneofAmerica’sgreatestheroes,becamethe16thPresidentofAmericainMarchof1861at62.ageof52.TheCivilWar63.(begin)onApril12,1861inSouthCarolinajustamonthafterLincolntookoffice.Lincolnwas64.(determine)tokee