2023年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題 (第1、3套)

2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（第1套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Supposethestudentunionofyouruniversityisorganizinganonlinediscussiononinterpersonal

relationships.Youaretowriteanessayonwaystomaintainawarmandfriendlyrelationshipwithyour

classmatesandonthebenefitsofsucharelationship.Youwillhave30minutesforthetask.Youshouldwrite

atleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwo

orthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,

youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A.Amanwastakentoahospital.C.Amanfelloffhistoiletseat.

B.Amanwasbittenbyasnake.D.Amankepta4-footsnakeasapet.

2.A.Whoownedthesnake.C.Whetherthesnakewasinfected.

B.Howthesnakewascaptured.D.Wherethesnakehadbeentaken.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A.Postingherdaughter'sphotosonsocialmedia.

B.Sharingherphotoswithfamousmoviestars.

C.Amusingherselfbygoingtoballparties.

D.Takinghertrashoutinfancydresses.

4.A.Torecordherachievements.C.Toamusepeople.

B.Topleaseherdaughter.D.Tomakeherselfpopular.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A.Getafreemealafteransweringsomequestions.

B.Haveamealeveniftheyhavenomoney.

C.Haveachanceofwinninga$100prize.

D.Eatasmuchastheywantfor$10.

6.A.Itwasbroughtupbytwostaffers.C.Itoriginatedfromadonationtoherstaff.

B.Itwassuggestedbysomeofhercustomers.D.Ithelpedtopopularizeherrestaurant.

7.A.Fiftycustomershaveoffereddonations.

B.Moststaffershavereceivedmessagesofkindness.

C.Manypeoplehavecometoeatattherestaurant.

D.Morepeoplehavebeengivingthantaking.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwill

hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A.Heisafamouswriter.C.HeisahostforaTVprogram.

B.Heisapsychologist.D.Heisaprimaryschoolteacher.

9.A.Whyfriendsbreakoffcontactallofasudden.

B.Whypeoplefailtorespondtoemailspromptly.

C.Whyparentsraisetheirchildrenindifferentways.

D.Whysocialmediaaccountsvanishwithoutatrace.

10.A.Theyattempttoignorethewholesituation.C.Theyavoidshowingtheiremotions.

B.Theyscreamtogettheirparentsback.D.Theysimplyshutthemselvesdown.

11.A.Theytrytoexpresstheirfeelingsandthoughtseffectively.

B.Theyareonbettertermswithfriendsandromanticpartners.

C.Theymayregardanydifferenceastheendofarelationship.

D.Theyattachmorevaluetotheirrelationshipswithothers.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A.Theirquality.B.Theirdesign.C.Theirprice.D.Theircolor.

13.A.JeansareavailableinagreatervarietyinAmerica.

B.Americahasthebestweavingtoolsintheworld.

C.Americamakesthebest-knownbrandsofjeans.

D.JeansareatypicalAmericangarment.

14.A.Theyareartificial.C.Theyarenatural.

B.Theyareunique.D.Theyarespecial.

15.A.Theyareworththeprice.C.Theyarepopularwithboys.

B.Theyaremuchtoopricey.D.Theyareforcasualwearing.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeor

fourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A.Hewantstoseeitagain.

B.Hedesiresmoreinlife.

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C.Helongstobecomeasuperstarhimself.

D.Hefeelsasinspiredasotheraudiencemembers.

17.A.Itisextremelyartistic.C.Itissomewhatcomplicated.

B.Itisratherunrealistic.D.Itisrelativelypredictable.

18.A.Theyaretoosimple.C.Theyarebasicallymisleading.

B.Theyarefullofshootings.D.Theyarebiasedagainstwomen.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A.Itisanintuitivewaytosolidifyfriendship.C.Itcanhelpconnectpeople.

B.Itisameanstoinspirecreativethinking.D.Itcanhighlightleadership.

20.A.Makethemmoreopentolearning.C.Enablethemtorememberthemainidea.

B.Allowthemtorecitedatapoints.D.Stimulatethemtoengageindiscussions.

21.A.Enrichtheirownexperience.C.Explaininsightfulideas.

B.Inspirelisteners5imagination.D.Conveyfundamentalvalues.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A.ThenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.isdeclining.

B.AnotherwaveofimmigrantsishittingtheU.S.

C.ImmigrantshavebeencontributingtotheU.S.

D.ImmigrantsoutnumberU.S.-bornAmericans.

23.A.TheyhavefoundedmostFortune500companies.

B.TheyhavefewerchancestobehiredbyU.S.companies.

C.Moreofthemexpecttheirchildrentosucceedinbusiness.

D.Moreofthemaresuccessfulbusinesspeople.

24.A.Thirty-fourpercentofthemusecreditfortheirdailypurchases.

B.Theirlevelofdebtislowerthanthatofnative-bornAmericans.

C.Nineteenpercentofthemborrowmoneyfromfriendsandfamily.

D.Theyhavehigherinstallmentloandebtthannative-bornAmericans.

25.A.Collaboratewithnative-bornAmericans.C.Keeptheirtraditionalvaluesandoldhabits.

B.Borrowmoneyfromfinancialinstitutions.D.Findemploymentincompetitivebusinesses.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeach

blankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefully

beforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorresponding

letterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewords

inthebankmorethanonce.

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Youprobablyhaven91takenthetimetothinkofalltheworkthatwentintocreatingtheshirtonyour

back.Imean,howharditcouldbetocreatefabricand26itintoashirtshape.Don'tmachinesdoall

that?Well,creatingfabricfromcotton,whichisthemost27clothingmaterial,isactuallyaprocess

thatinvolvesalotofwater,2,700literspershirttobe28.Takealookatthevideobelowfrom

NationalGeographicforsomemoremind-blowing29aboutcottonclothingproduction.

Cleanwateris30becomingoneofthemostsought-afterresourcesintheworld.Givenhow

largethe31andcottonindustriesare,theytakeupalotofourfreshwaterdemandsacrosstheworld,

accordingtoTheHuffingtonPost.ThevideofromNationalGeographicwascreatedtospread32of

howenvironmentallyharmfulcottonis.Butthesituationcanbemadebetter.Throughbetterwater

managementandfarmingpractices,waterusageincottonproductioncanbecutdownby3340

percent.

,,

Called“BetterCotton9thisenvironmentallyconsciousproductwillsavemillionsoflitersofwatera

yearsimplyfrom34thedemandsofcottonproduction.Cottondoesn'thavetogo,sinceitis,after

all,oneofthemostusefulcashcropsacrosstheglobe.However,aswatersupplies35,farmersand

consumersneedtobemoreconsciousoftheeffectthattheseproductshaveontheenvironmentasa

whole.

A.abstractsF.increasinglyK.reducing

B.abundantG.intenseL.sew

C.awarenessH.mendM.shrink

D.conscienceI.nearlyN.statistics

E.exactJ.reckoningO.textile

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatement

containsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationis

derived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthe

questionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

TheSpokenWeb

A.We'regrowingmoreusedtochattingtoourcomputers,phonesandsmartspeakersthroughvoice

assistantslikeAmazon'sAlexa,Apple'sSiriandMicrosoft9sCortana.Blindandpartiallysighted

peoplehavebeenusingtext-to-speechconvertersfordecades.

B.Outoftheseassistants,Siriisthemostwell-known.Theassistantusesvoiceinquiriesandanatural-

languageuserinterface（界面）toanswerquestions.Thesoftwareadaptstousers9individuallanguage

usages,searches,andpreferences,withcontinuinguse.

C.Somethinkvoicecouldsoontakeoverfromtypingandclickingasthemainwaytointeractonline.

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Butwhatarethechallengesofmovingto“thespokenweb”?

D.Whatuseiswrittenonlinecontentifyoucan'tread?Thatisthesituationfacingilliterate（不識(shí)字）

Africanfarmers.Theyareoftendeniedcrucialinformationtheweboffersmanyothers.Witha

literacyrateinsomepartsofAfricaatonly22.6%,farmersareoften"'underpaidfortheirproduce

becausetheymightbeunawareoftheprevailingpricesJsaysFrancisDittoh,aresearcherbehindMr

Meteo,aspeech-basedweatherinformationservice.

E.”Themostfrequentlyheardcomplaintisaboutrainfallpredictions,9,saysMrDittoh,wholivesin

Tamale,northernGhana."Theytellusthemethodstheirforefathersusedtopredicttheweatherdon't

seemtoworkaswellthesedays."Thisisdowntoclimatechange,hebelieves.Yetknowingwhenit's

goingtorainisvitalforfarmerswantingtosowseeds,irrigatecropsortaketheiranimalsouttothe

fieldstofeedongrass.

F.MrDittohsaystheideaofconvertingonlineweatherreportsintospeechcamefromthefarmers

themselves,afteraworkshopinthevillageofGuabuligah."Theycameupwiththis,“hesays.Mr

Meteotakestheonlineweatherforecast,convertsittoashortrecordingintheappropriatelanguage

andmakesitavailableonabasicphone.Farmersringuptoreceivetheinformation.Thelocal

languageDagbaniisspokenby1.2millionpeoplebutisnotservedbyanyonlinetranslation

applications.Theservicewasdesignedtobecheapandeasytorun,saysMrDitto.Heplanstobegin

fieldteststhismonth,workingwithTamale'sSavannaAgriculturalResearchInstitute.

G.Thespokenwebcouldalsohelptheone-in-fiveadultsinEuropeandtheUSwithpoorreadingskills.

Butbuildingthespokenweb-web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web-isn'tstraightforward.Forsoftware

tounderstandpizzaisservedatItalianrestaurantsiseasy.Tocovermultipledomainsandtobeableto

haveaconversationwithusersoneverysingletopicisstillalongwayoff.

H.Soalthoughmanycomputerassistantscananswersimplequestionsabouttheweatherandplaymusic

forus,anythingresemblingawide-ranginghumanconversationisdecadesaway.Artificial

intelligencejustisn'tsmartenoughyet.Eventurningyourvoiceintotext-automatic

speech

recognition-isoneofthehardestproblemstosolve,asthereareasmanywaystopronouncethings

astherearepeopleontheplanet.

I.Sirihasoftenbeenpraisedforitsabilitytointerpretourcasuallanguageanddeliververyspecificand

accurateresult,sometimesevenprovidingadditionalinformation.Butitisstillsomewhatrestricted,

particularlywhenthelanguagemovedawayfromstiffercommandsintomorehumaninteractions.In

oneexample,thephrase"SendatexttoJason,Clint,Sam,andLeesayingwe'rehavingdinnerat

SilverCloudrestaurant^^wasinterpretedassendingamessagetoJasononly,containingthetext“Clint

SamandLeesayingwe'rehavingdinneratSilverCloudrestaurant”.IthasalsobeennotedthatSiri

lacksapropereditingfunction,assaying“Editmessagetosay:we'reatSilverCloudrestaurantand

youshouldcomefindus“generates"ClintSamandLeesayingwe9rehavingdinneratSilverCloud

restauranttosaywe'reatSilverCloudrestaurantandyoushouldcomefindus”.

J.Usingvoiceinteractionfeelsfarmoreintimatethansurfingthenettheold-fashionedway.Thisis

5

intentionalastheinformaltoneoftheassistanthelpscreateanemotionalattachment.Butifsomething

6

speaks,itmustalsolisten.Ourphonesarealwaysnearusandtheyarecollectingdataaboutusallthe

time.Thishasalreadyraisedprivacyconcerns.TheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionhasstatedthat

digitalassistantscreateathreattoprivacyfromhackers.Somepeoplehaveotherconcerns.They

worryassistantswillonedaybeusedtodeliveradvertisingdirectlytous.

K.Butdigitalvoicesneedmorepersonalitytomakethempopular.Robotsarenotyetwitty,Siriisboring.

Thebenefitsofusingvoiceinsteadoftappingfingersobviouslydependonthecontext.Doctors

completingonlineformsabouttheirpatientsbyspeech,forexample,candictate150wordsaminute,

threetimesfasterthantypingonakeyboard.Thisenablesthemtospendlesstimeonadministration

andmoretimewithpatients.

L.Lastyear,speechrecognitioncompanyNuancehelpedadoctors5surgeryinDukinfield,near

Manchester,setupaspeechsystemforthepractice'ssixdoctors.Nowtheycandictatenotesona

patient'shealthconditionandtreatmentandasmartassistantautomaticallyenterstheinformationinto

therightfieldsonawebform.Previously,thedoctorsmadevoicerecordingsthatwerethen

transcribedbysecretaries-aprocessthatwascostlyandlikelytocausedelays.Thenewsystem

meansletterstopatientsnowhavemoredetail.

M.Usingvoicealsomakessensewhenyou'redoingotherthingswithyourhands.Thinkaboutwhen

you'recooking,andyoujustwanttoknowwhatthenextstepintherecipeis.Yourhandsarecovered

withoil;you'renotgoingtogetontheiPad,soifsalotmorenaturaltotalk.Andspeechobviously

makessensewhenyou'redriving.IntheUS,29%ofdriversadmittheysurfbehindthewheel,

accordingtoinsurancefirmStateFarm.Thisisupfrom13%in2009.Nowonderusingmobile

phoneswhiledrivingcausesmorecrashesayearthandrinkdriving,saystheUSNationalSafety

Council.

36.AccordingtoFrancisDittoh,theirspeech-basedweatherinformationservicewasmeanttobe

inexpensiveandeasytouse.

37.Usingvoiceinsteadoftypingenablesdoctorstospendmoretimetakingcareofpatients.

38.Itisextremelydifficulttoconvertvoiceintotextbecauseofdifferentpronunciations.

39.Africanfarmersunabletoreadoftendon'thaveaccesstoimportantinformationconveyedonline.

40.Somephoneusersworryadvertiserswilltakeadvantageofvoiceassistantstosendadsdirectlyto

them.

41.Thespokenwebishelpfulwhenone'shandsareoccupied.

42.Somepeoplebelieveonlineinteractionwouldsoondependmainlyonvoice.

43.Settingupaspokenwebisbynomeansaneasytask.

44.Weatherinformationisextremelyimportanttofarmers.

45.Somepeopleareconcernedaboutprivacybecausetheirphonesareconstantlycollectingtheir

personalinformation.

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SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebest

choiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheUnitedStatesisfacingahousingcrisis:Affordablehousingisinadequate,whileluxuryhomes

abound(充裕)，andhomelessnessremainsapersistentproblem.Despitethis,popularcultureandthe

housingindustrymarkethappinessaslivingwithbothmorespaceandmoreamenities(便禾U設(shè)施).Big

housesareadvertizedasarewardfdrhardworkanddiligence,turninghousingfromabasicnecessity

intoaluxury.

Thisisreflectedinourhomes.Theaveragesingle-familyhomebuiltintheUnitedStatesbefore

1970waslessthan1,500squarefeetinsize.By2016,theaveragesizeofanew,single-familyhomewas

2,422squarefeet.Whafsmore,homesbuiltinthe2000sweremorelikelythanearliermodelstohave

moreofalltypesofspaces:bedrooms,bathrooms,livingrooms,diningrooms,recreationroomsand

garages.

Thereareconsequencesoflivingbig.Asmiddle-classhouseshavegrownlarger,twothingshave

happened.First,largehousestaketimetomaintain,socleanersandotherlow-wageserviceworkersare

requiredtokeepthesehousesinorder.Second,once-publicspaces,wherepeoplefromdiverse

backgroundsusedtocometogether,haveincreasinglybecomeprivatized,leadingtoareductioninthe

numberofpublicfacilitiesavailabletoall,andareducedqualityoflifeformany.Takeswimmingpools.

Whilein1950,only2,500U.S.familiesownedpools,by1999thisnumberwas4million.Atthesame

time,publicmunicipalpoolswereoftenclosed,leavinglow-incomepeoplenowheretoswim.

Thetrendforbiggerhousingthusposesethicalquestions.ShouldAmericansacceptasystemin

whichthemiddleandupperclassesenjoyaluxuriouslifestyle,usingthelow-wagelaborofothers?Are

wewillingtoacceptasysteminwhichanincreaseinamenitiespurchasedbytheaffluentmeansa

reductioninamenitiesforthepoor?

Ibelieveneitherisacceptable.Wemustchangethewaywethink:livingwelldoesnotneedtomean

havingmoreprivatespaces;instead,itcouldmeanhavingmorepublicspaces.Abettergoalthanbuilding

biggerhousesforsomeistocreatemorepubliclyaccessiblespacesandamenitiesfdrall.

46.WhatarebighousespromotedtobeintheUnitedStates?

A.Aluxuryforthehomeless.C.Anabundantsourceofcomforts.

B.Arewardforindustriousness.D.Anabsolutenecessityforhappiness.

47.Whatisoneoftheconsequencesoflivingbig?

A.ManyAmericans9qualityoflifehasbecomelower.

B.Peoplefromdiversebackgroundsnolongersocialize.

C.Peoplenolongerhaveaccesstopublicswimmingpools.

D.ManyAmericans9privatelifehasbeennegativelyaffected.

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48.Whatquestionsarisefromlivingbig?

A.Questionsrelatedtomoralprinciples.C.Questionsaboutwhatlifestyletopromote.

B.Questionshavingtodowithlaborcost.D.Questionsconcerninghousingdevelopment.

49.Whatkindofsocialsystemdoestheauthorthinkisunacceptable?

A.Oneinwhichthewealthyexploitthelow-wagelaborersbuildingtheirhouses.

B.Oneinwhichtherichpurchaseamenitiesatanincreasinglyunjustifiableprice.

C.Oneinwhichtheupperclassesdeprivethelowerclassesofaffordablehousing.

D.Oneinwhichtheaffluentenjoyamorecomfortablelifeattheexpenseofthepoor.

50.Whatdoestheauthoradvocateforpeopletolivewell?

A.Findingwaystoturnprivatespacesintopublicones.

B.Buildingmorehousesaffordabletothoselessaffluent.

C.Morepublicspacescreatedforeveryonetoenjoy.

D.Allamenitiesmadeaccessibletotherichandthepooralike.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Mostofusintheentrepreneurialcommunityareblessed——orcursed——withhigher-than-average

ambition.Ambitiouspeoplestronglydesireaccomplishmentsandarewillingtotakemorerisksand

spendmoreefforttogetthem.

Overall,thisisapositivequality,especiallyforpeopletryingtobuildtheirownbusinesses.

Apparently,ifyou'remorenaturallydriventosetgoals,youaremorelikelytosucceed.

Actually,thisisn'talwaysthecase.Infact,insomecases,extremeambitionmayendupdoingmore

harmthangood.

Onemajorsideeffectofexcessiveambitionisthetendencytofocustoodeterminedlyonone

particularvisionorendgoal.Thisisproblematicbecauseithindersyourabilitytoadapttonew

circumstances,whichisvitalifyouwanttobeasuccessfulentrepreneur.Ifanewcompetitoremergesto

threatenyourbusiness,youmayneedtochangedirection,evenifthatmeansstrayingfromyouroriginal

vision.Ifyouhavetoomuchambition,you911findthishard,ifnotimpossible.

Fewpeoplearesuccessfulwhentheytrytobuildtheirfirstbrand.Unfortunately,forthemost

ambitiousentrepreneurs,afailureisseenasdisastrous,andimpossibletorecoverfrom.

Ifsacleardeparturefromtheintendedplantowardtheintendedgoal.Forpeoplewithlimited

ambition,however,failureisviewedassomethingclosertoreality.Remember,failureisinevitable,and

everyfailureyousurviveisalearningexperience.

Ambitiouspeopletendtobemorematerialisticallysuccessfulthantheirnon-ambitiouscounterparts.

However,they'reonlyslightlyhappierthantheirless-ambitiouscounterparts,andtendtolive

significantlyshorterlives.Thisimpliesthateventhoughambitiouspeoplearemorelikelytoachieve

conventional“success,“suchsuccessmeansnothingfortheirhealthandhappiness一andifyoudon't

havehealthandhappiness,whatelsecouldpossiblymatter?

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Clearly,someamountofambitionisgoodforyourmotivation.Withoutanyambition,youwouldn't

startyourownbusiness,setorachievegoalsandgetfarinlife.Butanexcessofambitioncanalsobe

dangerous,puttingyouatriskofburnout,stubbornnessandevenashorterlife.

51.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmostentrepreneurs?

A.Theyaremorewillingtorisktheirownlives.

B.Theyaremoreambitiousthanordinarypeople.

C.Theyachievegreaternonconventionalsuccess.

D.Theyhavemorepositivequalitiesthanmostofus.

52.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“thisisn'talwaysthecase”(Line1,Para.3)?

A.Ambitiouspeoplemaynothaveagreaterchanceofsuccess.

B.Ambitiouspeoplemaynothavemorepositivequalities.

C.Entrepreneurs9ambitiondoesasmuchgoodasharm.

D.Entrepreneursaremorenaturallydriventosuccess.

53.Whatdoestheauthorsayisofextremeimportanceforonetobecome