英語句子寫作 課件 5 IT Pattern

IT-Patterns

IT句型

1ObjectivesInthissection,youwill1.learnemptyit2.anticipatoryit3.itasintroductorywordofcleftsentences.分裂句引導(dǎo)詞it4.Doaquiz2虛義it先行it1.Empty“it”:Empty“it”denotesweather,temperature,time,place,distance,etc.,orageneralsituation.e.g.Itisunfair.Itwasalongtimebeforewemeet.ItiswetandcoldinwinterinChongqing.3generalsituationtimeweather2.Anticipatory“it”:asformalsubjectorobjectAnticipatory“it”

asformalsubjectorobject4RealsubjectorobjectNon-finiteclauseAninfinitiveconstruction-ingparticipleconstructionFiniteclauseAnominalclausee.g.Itisillegaltodriveafterdrinking.

Itispleasantbeingyourteacher.Hefindsitdifficulttopronouncethiswordcorrectly.

Itisunclearwhenthereisafinalexam.53.Cleftsentences1.DefinitionAcleftsentenceisanemphaticconstructionwithnon-referringitasformalsubject.Generalpatternit+be+focalelement+that/whoclauseclause6SimplesentencecomplexsentenceJohngaveMaryabookonMonday.ItwasJohnthat/whogaveMaryabookonMonday.ItwasMarythat/whoJohngaveabook(to)onMonday.ItwasabookthatJohngaveMaryonMonday.7ItwasonMondaythatjohngaveMaryabook.7SimplesentenceComplexsentencesIt-cleftsentencesFunction:toemphasizeelementsotherthanpredicateverbFact:ImetJohnattherailwaystationyesterday.cleftsentences:ItwasIthat（who）metJohnattherailwaystationyesterday.ItwasJohnthatImetattherailwaystationyesterday.ItwasattherailwaystationthatImetJohnyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatImetJohnattherailwaystation.8AttentionAdverbialofconcessionSubjectcomplementHeisintelligent.

itisintelligentthatheis.Theypaintthewallyellow.Itisyellowthattheyhavepaintedthewall.9FocuselementsDistinctionbetween“IT”ItissurprisingthatMaryshouldhavewonthefirstplace.ItisMarythathaswonthefirstplace.10AnticipatoryitIntroductoryitCleftsentencesandrestrictiverelativeclauseItisMarywhohaswonthefirstplace.Maryisthegirlwhohaswonthefirstplace.11cleftsentence

restrictiverelativeclausePseudo-cleftsentences假分裂句Toemphasizetheverbphrase.Generalpattern“What-clause+be+infinitiveorNP”e.g.Igaveherabook.WhatIdidwas(to)giveherabook.WhatIgaveherwasabook.e.g.HewillbetakingaplanetoBeijing.WhathewillbedoingistakingaplanetoBeijing.12InfinitivewithorwithouttoNounphraseQuiz1.when

was______thatthegeneralmanagerleftforJapan？A