2021年高考英語(yǔ)調(diào)研大一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)36Unit1AlandofdiversityB卷

課時(shí)作業(yè)36AlandofdiversityⅠ.閱讀理解(安徽江淮十校聯(lián)考)Nearly19percentofteachersofcolor(有色人種教師)lefttheirjobsafterthe2014—2015schoolyear.Someleftforpersonalreasonsliketakingcareoftheirfamilies.But50percentsaidtheyleftbecausetheyweredissatisfiedwiththeiremploymentsituation,suchaspoorworkingconditions,studentdisciplineproblemsandlargeclasssizes.Thus,takingimmediatemeasurestoimproveitisourtoppriority.Foryears,researchershaveprovedthebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools,especiallyasourpublicschoolsystemhasturnedtoonethatismadeupmostlyofminoritystudents.Teachersofcolor,whoaremorelikelythantheirwhitecounterpartstochoosetoworkinraciallydiverseschools,offerparticularbenefitstotheirstudents.Graduationratesincreaseamongminoritystudentswhentheyaretaughtbyraciallysimilareducators,researchshows.Theycanalsoserveaspositiverolemodels,andtheirpresencereducesthechanceofracialdiscriminationatschool.TheShankerInstitutereportsuggeststhattherateofminorityteacherhiringisnotthewholeproblem.Theproblemiswhathappensaftertheseteachersentertheclassroom.Theseteachersoftenworkinhigh-povertyruralschools.Theyaremorelikelytohaveless-desirableworkingconditions.Diversityisakeycomponenttoequalityandopportunity.Wherethere'sadiverseteachingworkforce,allkidsthrive.Sosolutionsmustbefoundatoncetoturnthistrendaround.Firstly,schoolsshoulddevelopmentorshipprogramsthatsupportminorityteachersoncetheyareintheclassroom.Secondly,moremoneyshouldbespentinimprovingworkingconditionsintheseschools.Ofcourse,schoolheadmastersshouldalsobeevaluatedontheirabilitytoretainteachersofcolor.作者認(rèn)為學(xué)校要留住有色人種教師，關(guān)鍵是要改善他們的工作條件。1．Amongteachersofcolorleavingtheirjobs,halfofthemquitbecause________.A．theyhadtotakecareoftheirchildrenB．theyhadtomovetootherplacesC．theyeventuallyfoundbetter-paidjobsD．theiremploymentsituationwasunsatisfactory答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第三句“But50percentsaidtheyleftbecausetheyweredissatisfiedwiththeiremploymentsituation”可知是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)工作環(huán)境狀況不滿意才辭職的。2．Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Thesolutionstoincreasinggraduationratesamongminoritystudents.B．Thebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools.C．Thereasonsforteachersofcolorleavingtheirjobsinmanyschools.D．Thewaystodecreasethepossibilityofracialdiscriminationatschool.答案：B解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Foryears,researchershaveprovedthebenefitsofincreasingtheshareofminorityteachersinschools,especiallyasourpublicschoolsystemhasturnedtoonethatismadeupmostlyofminoritystudents.”可知第二段主要講的是增加少數(shù)民族教師在學(xué)校中的比例的好處。故答案為B。3．Whichofthefollowingcomponentsisvitaltoequalityandopportunity?A．Honesty. B．Variety.C．Ability. D．Safety.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Diversityisakeycomponenttoequalityandopportunity.”可知多樣性是平等和機(jī)會(huì)的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)句意可知選B。4．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwritingthepassage?A．Hefeltangryaboutthegovernment.B．Hewassatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.C．Hefeltiturgenttosolvetheproblem.D．Hedidn'tcareaboutdiverseteachingworkforce.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“takingimmediatemeasurestoimproveitisourtoppriority.”和最后一段第三句中“atonce”可知他覺得迫切需要解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(重慶南開中學(xué)檢測(cè))Haveyoueverheardofabug(蟲子)calledthecicada(蟬)?Well,aspecialkindofthesebugsliveundergroundintheUSformostoftheirlives.Theyhaveaninterestingbio-clock.__1__Every17years,billionsofthenoisyBroodVcicadaswillswarm(涌現(xiàn))tonortheasternpartsoftheUS,includingNewYork,OhioandPennsylvania.__2__ButthereareusuallyalotlessofthemcomparedtotheBroodVcicadas.__3__AccordingtoDiscoveryNews,thesebugsstartedtheirlivesin1999.Andastheir17-yearlifecyclecomestoanend,theygoabovegroundwhentheirundergroundhomesgetwarmer—64degreesFahrenheit(about18℃)tobeexact.Thenthefemaleswilllayhundredsofeggsintrees.__4__Thebabycicadaswillgounderground,andthe17-yearlifecyclewillstartoveragain.Whiletheycanbekindofannoying,thesebugsdon'tharmhumans.__5__Thatsoundisthemalecicadasattractingthefemalecicadas.Besides,alargeamountoflaideggscansometimesharmsmalltreesandbushesbecausetherearesomanyofthe17-yearcicadas.However,afterthissummer,thesebugswillmostlymindtheirownbusinessuntil2033.A．Theyfeedonleavesandroots.B．Ittellsthemwhentogoaboveground.C．WhatmakestheBroodVcicadassospecial?D．Buttheydomakealotofnoiseduringtheirtimeaboveground.E．Afteraboutfourtosixweeks,themotherandfathercicadaswilldie.F．Foradifferentbroodofcicadas,matingseasonisjustaroundthecorner.G．Thereareotherkindsofcicadasthatcomearoundonceayearorevery13years.本文主要講述了有一種蟬，每十七年就會(huì)大量涌向美國(guó)的地面。1．B解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理判斷能力。根據(jù)上文可知這種蟬一生中大部分時(shí)間生活在美國(guó)的地下，但它們有一個(gè)有趣的生物鐘，可以喚醒它們出現(xiàn)到地面上，故選B。2．G解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理判斷能力。本空前面的內(nèi)容說(shuō)數(shù)十億育雛V蟬涌現(xiàn)，空后說(shuō)比它們少。G項(xiàng)(有其他種類的蟬，一年出現(xiàn)一次或每十三年出現(xiàn)一次)顯然符合題意，形成對(duì)比。故選G項(xiàng)。3．C解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空后本段內(nèi)容可知主要敘述這種蟬的生活特性。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。故選C。4．E解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理判斷能力?？蘸笾v述幼蟲到地下，十七年后又一個(gè)輪回，可知是生死輪回。分析選項(xiàng)可知E項(xiàng)符合題意，故選E。5．D解析：考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理判斷能力。分析空前內(nèi)容可知蟬雖然對(duì)人類無(wú)害，但卻讓人生氣。尤其是第一句中的“kindofannoying”，正與D項(xiàng)(但是它們?cè)诘厣系臅r(shí)候確實(shí)發(fā)出很多噪音)相符合。故選D。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(陜西長(zhǎng)安二中模擬)WhileGailObcamp,anAmericanartist,wasgivingaspeechontheartofbrushpaintingtoanaudiencethatincludedvisitorsfromJapan,shewasconfused__1__(see)thatmanyofherJapaneselistenershadtheireyes__2__(close).Weretheytryingtosignaltheirrejectionofher__3__(deliberate)?LaterObcampmade__4__clearthatinsteadofbeingdisrespectful,theywereshowingtheirrespectbychewingonherwords.Somedayyoumaybeeitheraspeakeroralistenerinasituation__5__(involve)peoplefromothercountries.Learningsignalsofrespectinvarious__6__(culture)backgroundscanhelpyouavoidmisunderstandings.Herearesomeexamples.InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshowapplausenotbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywaving__7__intheair.Insomeminoritygroups__8__Africa,peopleshowingrespectbylooking__9__(regard)asasignofapprovalinsomecountries,__10__，itisaformofrudenessinothercountries.1．to_see解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。beconfusedtodosth.“對(duì)做某事感到很迷惑”，所以這里用tosee。2．closed解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。havesth.done“使某物……”，所以這里用closed。3．deliberately解析：考查副詞。這里是副詞放句末作狀語(yǔ)。4．it解析：考查形式賓語(yǔ)。這里it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。5．involving解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。這里involve與people之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以需用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。6．cultural解析：考查形容詞。由其后的backgrounds可知，這里需用形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞。7．them解析：考查代詞。這里用them代指hands。8．in解析：考查介詞。inAfrica“在非洲”，表示在某地需用介詞in。9．is_regarded解析：考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。這里peopleshowingrespectbylooking作主語(yǔ)，isregarded作謂語(yǔ)。10．however解析：考查連詞。這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意思是人們通過(guò)看對(duì)方表示贊賞，而有的國(guó)家則認(rèn)為這樣是粗魯?shù)?、不禮貌的。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)(重慶南開中學(xué)第一次檢測(cè))AtfirstIwasnotquitewillingtositdownandwatchedthe90-minutefootballmatch.UsuallyIjustcheckedtheresultsbecauseIthoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinthatplayerskickedaballtoeachother.Therefore,myfatherlovesfootball.DuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadstaysuplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport.Seeinghimstronginterestinthisgameof22menrunafteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame.Ifoundgameexciting,andmydadexplainedfortherules.Wesharedourjoy.FootballisnottoobadlyaslongasIwatchitwithmydad!答案與解析AtfirstIwasnotquitewillingtositdownandeq\o(watched,\s\do14(watch))the90-minutefootballmatch.UsuallyIjustcheckedtheresultsbecauseIthoughteq\o(that,\s\do14(it))wasdulltowatchagameineq\o(that,\s\do14(which))playerskickedaballtoeachother.eq\o(Therefore,\s\do14(However))，myfatherlovesfootball.DuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadeq\o(stays,\s\do14(stayed))uplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport.Seeingeq\o(him,\s\do14(his))stronginterestinthisgameof22meneq\o(run,\s\do14(running))afteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame.Ifoundeq\o(∧,\s\do14(the))gameexciting,andmydadexplainedeq\o(for,＼)therules.Wesharedourjoy.Footballisnottooeq\o(badly,\s\do14(bad))aslongasIwatchitwithmydad!1．watched→watch考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。and連接并列的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。2．that→it考查代詞。it在thought后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中作形式主語(yǔ)。3．that→which考查定語(yǔ)從句。inwhich構(gòu)成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”型的定語(yǔ)從句。4．Therefore→However考查副詞。however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開。5．stays→stayed考查時(shí)態(tài)。本文主體時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。6．him→his考查代詞。his修飾后面的名詞interest。7．run→running考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。runningafteraball是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾men。8．found后加the考查冠詞。thegame特指前面的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)。9．去掉for考查動(dòng)詞。explain為及物動(dòng)詞，for應(yīng)刪除。10．badly→b