英語(yǔ)的常用表達(dá)

clothes衣服，服裝wardrobe服裝clothing服裝habit個(gè)人依習(xí)慣.身份而

著的月艮裝ready-madeclothes,ready-to-wearclothes成衣garments夕卜衣

townclothes夕卜衣double-breastedsuit雙排扣外衣suit男夕卜衣dress女

服tailoredsuit女式西服everydayclothes便服three-piecesuit三件套

trousseau嫁妝layette嬰兒的全套服裝uniform制服overalls工裝褲

rompers連背心的背帶褲formaldress禮服tailcoat,morningcoat大禮

服eveningdress夜禮服dresscoat,tails燕尾服，禮服nightshirt男式

晚禮服dinnerjacket無(wú)尾禮服（美作:tuxedo）fulldressuniform禮服

制服frockcoat雙排扣長(zhǎng)禮服gown,robe禮袍tunic長(zhǎng)袍

overcoat男式大衣coat女大衣topcoat夾大衣furcoat皮大衣

three-quartercoat中長(zhǎng)大衣dustcoat風(fēng)衣mantle,cloak斗篷

poncho篷卻（南美人的一種斗篷）sheepskinjacket羊皮夾克pelisse皮上

衣jacket短外衣夾克anorak,dufflecoat帶兜帽的夾克，帶風(fēng)帽的粗

呢大衣hood風(fēng)帽scarf,muffler圍巾shawl大披巾knitted

shawl頭巾，編織的頭巾furstole毛皮長(zhǎng)圍巾muff皮手筒

housecoat,dressinggown晨衣（美作:duster）shortdressinggown短晨衣

bathrobe浴衣nightgown,nightdress女睡衣pyjamas睡衣褲（美

作:pajamas）pocket衣袋lapel（上衣）翻領(lǐng)detachablecollar假領(lǐng),

活領(lǐng)wingcollar硬翻領(lǐng)，上漿翻領(lǐng)V-neckV型領(lǐng)sleeve袖子

cuff袖口buttonhole鈕扣孔shirt襯衫blouse緊身女衫

T-shirt短袖圓領(lǐng)衫,體恤衫vest汗衫（美作:undershirt）poloshirt

球衣middyblouse水手衫sweater運(yùn)動(dòng)衫

short-sleevedsweater短袖運(yùn)動(dòng)衫roll-necksweater高翻領(lǐng)運(yùn)動(dòng)衫

round-necksweater圓領(lǐng)運(yùn)動(dòng)衫suit,outfit,ensemble套服twinset

兩件套，運(yùn)動(dòng)衫褲jerkin獵裝kimono和服ulster--種長(zhǎng)而寬松的外套

jellaba,djellaba,jelab帶風(fēng)帽的外衣cardigan開(kāi)襟毛衣mac,

mackintosh,raincoat橡膠雨衣trousers褲子jeans牛仔褲short

trousers短褲knickers兒童燈籠短褲knickerbockers燈籠褲plus

fours高爾夫球褲,半長(zhǎng)褲braces褲子背帶（美作:suspenders）turnup

褲角折邊，挽腳breeches馬褲belt褲帶skirt裙子divided

skirt,splitskirt裙褲underskirt內(nèi)衣underwear,underclothes內(nèi)衣褲

underpants,pants內(nèi)衣褲（美作:shorts）briefs短內(nèi)褲，三角褲panties

女短內(nèi)褲knickers女半短內(nèi)褲,男用燈籠短褲brassiere,bra乳罩

corselet緊身胸衣stays,corset束腰，胸衣waistcoat背心slip,

petticoat襯裙girdle腰帶stockings長(zhǎng)襪suspenders襪帶

（美作:garters）suspenderbelt吊襪腰帶（美作:garterbelt）socks

短襪tights,leotard緊身衣褲handkerchief手帕

bathingtrunks游泳褲bathingcostume,swimsuit,bathingsuit游泳衣

bikini比基尼泳衣apron圍裙pinafore（帶護(hù)胸）圍裙shoe鞋

sole鞋底heel鞋后跟lace鞋帶moccasin鹿皮鞋patent

leathershoes黑漆皮鞋boot靴子slippers便鞋sandal涼

鞋canvasshoes,ropesoledshoes帆布鞋clog木拖鞋

galosh,overshoe套鞋glove手套tie領(lǐng)帶（美作:necktie）

bowtie蝶形領(lǐng)帶cravat領(lǐng)巾cap便帽hat帶沿的帽子

bowlerhat圓頂硬禮帽tophat高頂絲質(zhì)禮帽P(pán)anamahat巴拿馬草帽

beret貝蕾帽peakedcap,capwithavisor尖頂帽

broad-brimmedstrawhat寬邊草帽headdress頭飾turbannaturalfabric

天然纖維cotton棉silk絲wool毛料linen麻synthetic

fabric混合纖維acryl壓克力polyester伸縮尼龍nylon尼龍

worsted呢料cashmere羊毛patterns花樣tartanplaid格子花

（美作:tartan）dot圓點(diǎn)花stripe條紋flowerpattern花紋花樣

veil面紗brush發(fā)刷nailpolish指甲油handbag手提包

hatbox帽盒cosmeticscase化妝箱highheels高跟鞋gloves手套

wristwatch手表belt腰帶pendant項(xiàng)飾necklace項(xiàng)鏈

neckscarf圍巾earrings耳環(huán)sunglasses太陽(yáng)鏡cigaretteholder

煙斗ring戒指bracelet手鏈，手鐲tie領(lǐng)帶cufflinks袖

扣ascot寬領(lǐng)帶pocketwatch表袋hairnet發(fā)網(wǎng)shampoo洗

發(fā)水creamrinse營(yíng)養(yǎng)發(fā)水hairspray發(fā)膠powderpuff粉撲

facepowder面粉compact帶鏡粉盒astringent化妝水

perfume香水skinmilk乳液coldcream油底霜atomizer噴霧式香

水clip夾子handmirror手鏡bobbypin發(fā)夾false

eyelash假睫毛lipstick口紅wig假發(fā)tiepin領(lǐng)帶夾tissue

面紙purse手提包brooch胸針shawl披肩neckerchief領(lǐng)巾

鞋子

shoe鞋sole鞋底heel鞋后跟lace鞋帶皮鞋：Leathershoes

涼鞋：Sandal夾腳拖鞋：Jandal拖鞋：Slippers旅游鞋：Sneakers

舞鞋：danceshoes/balletshoesmoccasin鹿皮鞋patentleathershoes黑漆皮

鞋boot靴子slippers便鞋sandal涼鞋canvasshoes,ropesoled

shoes帆布鞋clog木拖鞋galosh,overshoe套鞋步行鞋（WalkingShoes）

爬山鞋由專(zhuān)業(yè)到休閑可分為Pro-MountainBoot^MountainShoe和TrekkingShoe

三大類(lèi)。artificialleather人造皮革basketballshoes籃球鞋beachshoes

沙灘鞋包頭，腳趾toe保鍵鞋，健康鞋healthyshoes,healthcareshoes

苯中毒benzenepoisoning繃幫lasting布鞋clothshoes裁斷cutting

成型（形）shaping,forming大底，鞋底sole獨(dú)資solely-invested,sole

proprietorship放樣patterngrading縫紉，針車(chē)sewing高跟鞋

high-heeledshoes工作鞋workshoes合成革syntheticleather

后幫heelpart滑板鞋skateboard滑冰鞋skatingshoes滑草鞋

grass-slidingshoes滑雪鞋skiingshoes膠glue矯形鞋orthopaedicshoe

籃球鞋basketballshoes涼鞋sandals旅游鞋touristshoes,travelshoes

慢跑鞋joggingshoes棉鞋cottonshoes模具mold,mould內(nèi)底insole

跑鞋racingshoes配色coloring皮革leather剖層皮，二層皮split

前幫toepart,vamp人造皮革artificialleather人字拖鞋flip-flops

“三合一"廠房three-in-onefactory沙灘鞋beachshoes時(shí)裝鞋dressshoes

精致鞋fashionshoes（裝飾鞋，盛裝鞋）樹(shù)脂resin塑料，塑膠plastic

童鞋childrenshoes頭層皮toplayerleather頭層生皮toplayerhide

頭層粒面革top-grainleather拖鞋slippers脫植lastrelease

網(wǎng)鞋sole-upperlinking削邊trimming鞋shoe鞋幫，幫面upper

鞋材shoematerial鞋帶shoelace鞋扣buckle鞋類(lèi)footwear

鞋棺last鞋樣設(shè)計(jì)shoepatterndesign休閑鞋casualshoes,leisureshoes

繡花embroidery研發(fā)researchanddevelopment,R&D樣品室sampleroom

運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋sneakers,sportsshoes,athleticshoes真皮genuineleather

制鞋shoemaking中幫sidepart中底mid-sole足球鞋footballshoes

專(zhuān)賣(mài)店specialtystoreartificialleather人造皮革basketballshoes籃球鞋

beachshoes沙灘鞋benzenepoisoning苯中毒brand品牌buckle鞋扣

casualshoes休閑鞋cementing上膠，刷膠，涂膠cementshoe膠粘鞋

check檢查childrenshoes童鞋clothshoes布鞋coloring配色

cottonshoes棉鞋cutting裁斷designer設(shè)計(jì)師dressshoes時(shí)裝鞋，精致

鞋，裝飾鞋，盛裝鞋embroidery繡花factorymanager廠長(zhǎng)

family-ownedfirm家族企業(yè)fashionshoes時(shí)裝鞋flip-flops人字拖鞋

footballshoes足球鞋footwear鞋類(lèi)foreign-funded外資

franchise特許經(jīng)營(yíng)genuineleather真皮glue膠graphicdesign平面設(shè)

計(jì)grass-slidingshoes滑草鞋healthcareshoes保健鞋healthyshoes健

康鞋heelpart后幫high-heeledshoes高星艮鞋insole內(nèi)底

internationalStandardizationOrganization,ISO國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織

ISO9002certificationIS09002認(rèn)證joggingshoes慢跑鞋

joint-ventured合資lastrelease脫植last鞋植lasting繃幫

leather皮革leisureshoes休閑鞋logo標(biāo)識(shí)、徽標(biāo)mid-sole中底

mold,mould模具ordersupervisor品艮單orthopedicshoe矯形鞋

plastic塑料，塑膠racingshoes私營(yíng)recruiting跑鞋resin樹(shù)脂

roughing打磨，磨光，起毛sampledesigner版師sampleroom樣品室

sandals涼鞋sewing縫紉，針車(chē)shoelace鞋帶shoematerial鞋材

shoe鞋shoemaking制鞋sidepart中幫skateboard滑板鞋

skatingshoes滑冰鞋skiingshoes滑雪鞋slippers拖鞋

sneakers運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋sole大底，鞋底solely-invested獨(dú)資

sole-upperlinking網(wǎng)鞋specialtystore專(zhuān)賣(mài)店split剖層皮，二層皮

sportsshoes運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋syntheticleather合成革toepart前幫toe包頭、腳

趾touristshoes旅游鞋trademark,TM商標(biāo)travelshoes旅游鞋

trimming削邊upper鞋幫，幫面vamp前幫workshoes工作鞋

音樂(lè)

alto男高音，女低音tenor次中音baritone上低音，男中音bass低音

soprano女高音mezzo-soprano女次高音sharp高半音符號(hào)，升號(hào)

flat調(diào)號(hào)natural（sign）本位號(hào)staff,stave五線(xiàn)譜A,B,C,D,E,F,G

唱名la,si,do,re,mi,fa,solGclef,trebleclef高音譜號(hào)Fclef,bassclef

低音譜號(hào)Cclef,tenorclef,altoclef中音譜號(hào)semibreve全音符（美

作：wholenote）minim二分音符（美作：halfnote）dottedcrotchet四

分音符（美作：dottednote,quarternote）quaver八分音符（美作：eighthnote）

semiquaver十六分音符（美作：sixteenthnote）demisemiquaver三十二

分音符（美作：thirty-secondnote）hemidemisemiquaver六十四分音符（美作：

sixty-fourthnote)rest休止符crotchetrest四分休止符(美作：quarterrest)

semitone半音pause休止time,bar拍子rhythm節(jié)奏three-fourtime

三四拍子syncope,syncopation切分音tone音程pitch基音音樂(lè)

majorkey大調(diào)minorkey小調(diào)scale音階arpeggio琶音solfeggio視唱

solmization階名唱法diapason,range音域tuningfork音叉

metronome節(jié)拍器chord和弦，諧音cadence調(diào)音counterpoint多聲

部音樂(lè)lyrics,words歌詞score總譜，樂(lè)譜orchestra樂(lè)隊(duì)

conductor樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮baton樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮棒band管樂(lè)隊(duì)solo獨(dú)奏，獨(dú)唱

duet,duo二重奏，二重唱trio三重奏，三重唱quartet,quartette四重

奏，四重唱quintet五重奏，五重唱choir,choralsociety合奏，

合唱vibration振動(dòng)sound音tone音(樂(lè)音)musicaltone

樂(lè)音noise噪音acoustics聲學(xué)psychoacoustics心理聲學(xué)

frequency頻率intensity強(qiáng)度time時(shí)間waveform波形

pitch音高loudness響度duration時(shí)值timbre音色(tonecolor

orquality)tuningfork音叉puretone純音complextone復(fù)音

(compositetone)overtone(s)泛音(aliquottone,harmonics,flageolettone

即upperpartials)overtoneseries泛音歹Upartial(s)分音(partialtone)

fundamental(tone)基音(firstpartial)step音級(jí)(scalestep,degree)

accidental(s)變音記號(hào)sharp升號(hào)flat降號(hào)double-sharp重升號(hào)

double-flat重降號(hào)nature還原號(hào)intonation音準(zhǔn)range音域(compass)

(voice)register音區(qū)smallc小字組cgreatC大字組CcontraC大字

二組Cunaccentedoctave小字組one?linedoctave小字一組(one-line)

two-linedoctave小字二組(two-line)three-linedoctave小字三組(three-line)

four-lineoctave小字四組(four-line)temperament樂(lè)律

temperedscale平均律(equaltemperament)justintonation純律

pitchname音名enharmonicnotes等音(whole)tone全音

half-tone半音naturalhalf-tone自然半音naturaltone自然全音

chromatictone變化全音hromatichalf-tone變化半音notation記譜法

staff樂(lè)譜trebleclef高音譜號(hào)bassclef低音譜號(hào)clef譜號(hào)(Gclef,

Fclef,Cclef)note(s)音符rest（s）休止符breve二全音符

semibreve全音符(wholenote,美)minim二分音符(halfnote,美)

crotchet四分音符(quarternote,美)quaver八分音符(eighthnote,美)

semiquaver十六分音符(sixteenthnote,美)demisemiquaver三十二分音符

(thirty-secondnote,美)hemidemisemiquaver六十LU分音符(sixty-fourthnote,

美）dot附點(diǎn)doubledot復(fù)附點(diǎn)dottednote附點(diǎn)音符

dottedrest附點(diǎn)休止符score總譜legerline(s)加線(xiàn)(ledgerline(s))

head符頭stem符干hook符尾(tail)space間line線(xiàn)

tie延音線(xiàn)pause延長(zhǎng)號(hào)(hold,fermata)bar小節(jié)(barline小節(jié)

線(xiàn),measure)legato連音，連奏staccato斷音，斷奏

sostenuto持音trembolo震音glissando滑音

relativepitch相對(duì)音高（聽(tīng)覺(jué)）absolutepitch絕對(duì)音高（聽(tīng)覺(jué)）

sight-singing視唱fixed-do固定唱名法movable-do音調(diào)唱名法

lyra樂(lè)徽rhythm節(jié)奏rhythmicpattern節(jié)奏型accent重音

syncopation切分音meter拍子(time)duplemeter(s)二拍子(2/2,2/4,2/8)

triplemeter(s)三拍子(3/2,3/4,3/8)quadruplemeter(s)四拍子(4/2,4/4,4/8)

commonmeter普通拍子(4/4)simplemeter(s)單拍子compoundmeter(s)

復(fù)拍子compoundduplemeter(s)復(fù)二拍子(6/2,6/4,6/8)

compoundtriplemeter(s)復(fù)三拍子(9/4,9/8)compoundquadruplemeter(s)

復(fù)四拍子(12/4,12/8,12/16)quintuplemeter五拍子timesignature拍號(hào)

multi-meter變化拍子irregularmeter(不規(guī)則)混合拍子(7/4,11/7)

Metronome節(jié)拍機(jī)(M.M.=Malzel's?)duplet二連音triplet三連音

quadruplet四連音quintuplet五連音sextuplet六連音septuple(七

連音tempo速度dynamics力度tempomark(s)速度標(biāo)記

dynamicmark(s)力度標(biāo)記mode調(diào)式(狹指教會(huì)調(diào)式；廣指調(diào)式)

scale音階key調(diào)tonality調(diào)性atonality無(wú)調(diào)性bitonality雙重

調(diào)性polytonality多調(diào)性major大調(diào)minor小調(diào)

keysignature調(diào)號(hào)pentatonic五聲的natural自然的melodic旋律的

harmonic和聲的whole-tone全音的chromatic半音的ascending上行

descending下行scaledegree(調(diào)式)音級(jí)tonic(I)主音，主和弦

supertonic(II)上主音，上主和弦mediant(III)中音，中音和弦

subdominant(IV)下屬音，下屬和弦dominant(V)屬音，屬和弦

submediant(VI)下中音，下中音和弦(super-dominant)

leadingtone(VII)導(dǎo)音，導(dǎo)和弦(subtonic)brokenchord分解和弦

alteredchord變和弦falsechord假和弦resolution解決

relativekeys關(guān)系大小調(diào)parallelkeys同主音調(diào)interval音程

melodicinterval旋律音程harmonicinterval和聲音程root根音

(fundamental)scalestep音級(jí)(音級(jí)數(shù)：numberofscalestep)

simpleinterval單音程compoundinterval復(fù)音程minor小(音程)

enharmonicintervals等音程inversion轉(zhuǎn)位(complement)

major大(音程)perfect完全，純(音程)augmented增(音程)

diminished減(音程)double-augmented倍增(音程)double-diminished

倍減(音程)unison同度，一度(prime)second二度

third三度f(wàn)ourth四度f(wàn)ifth五度sixth六度seventh七度

octave八度ninth九度tenth十度eleventhH度twelfth

十二度tri-tone三全音diatonicinterval自然(音程)chromatic

interval變化(音程)consonant協(xié)和(音程、和弦)dissonant不

協(xié)和(音程、和弦)chord和弦triad三和弦majortriad大三和弦

minortriad小三和弦diminishedtriad減三和弦augmentedtriad增三和

弦rootposition原位firstinversion第一轉(zhuǎn)位secondinversion第

二轉(zhuǎn)位thirdinversion第三轉(zhuǎn)位sixthchord六和弦sixth-four

chord四六和弦seventhchord七和弦dominantseventhchord屬

七和弦diminishedseventhchord減七和弦ninthchord九和弦

augmentedsixthchord增六和弦Added-sixthchord加六度和弦

fourthchord四度和弦tone-cluster音簇harmony和聲學(xué)

harmonicanalysis和聲分析functionalharmony功能和聲modulation轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)

transposition移調(diào)chromaticscale半音階diatonicscale自然音階

passingtone經(jīng)過(guò)音neighboringtone輔助音(auxiliarytone,upperorlower)

anticipation先現(xiàn)音suspension延留音ornament(s)裝飾音

trill顫音mordent波音（uppermordent）invertedmordent逆波音

（lowermordent；早期稱(chēng)Schneller）doublemordent復(fù)波音

invertedturn回音arpeggio琶音melody旋律repetition重復(fù)

unity統(tǒng)一variety變化variation變奏themewithvariation主題與

變奏comparison對(duì)比augmentation展開(kāi)climax高潮

sequence模進(jìn)melodicsequence旋律模進(jìn)harmonicsequence和聲模進(jìn)

melodicprogression旋律進(jìn)行melodiccontour旋律輪廓motive動(dòng)機(jī)

thematicmaterial主題材料phrase樂(lè)句phrasing分句period樂(lè)段

cadence終止perfectcadence完全終止imperfectcadence不完全終止

halfcadence半終止authenticcadence正格終止plagalcadence變格終止

interruptedcadence阻礙終止deceptivecadence偽終止musicalform曲式

one-partform一段式，一部曲式binaryform二段式，二部曲式（AB）

roundedbinaryform（有再現(xiàn)的）二段式ternaryform三段式，三部曲式（ABA）

four-partfoim四段式five-partform五段式sonataform奏鳴曲式

variationform變奏曲式（A,ALA2,A3…）strophicform分節(jié)歌（a,a,a,

a…）rondoform回旋曲式（ABACA）exposition呈示部

development展開(kāi)部recapitulation再現(xiàn)部rondosonataform回旋奏鳴曲式

movement樂(lè)章prelude前奏（曲）interlude間奏（曲）coda尾聲

trio三聲中部cadanza華彩樂(lè)段musicalform體裁reduction改編

（縮編）trio三重奏quartet四重奏quintet五重奏opera歌劇

ballet芭蕾chorus合唱choir合唱團(tuán)choralmusic合唱音樂(lè)

cantata康塔塔mass彌撒oratorio清唱?jiǎng)assion受難曲symphony

交響曲concerto協(xié)奏曲sonata奏鳴曲band軍樂(lè)隊(duì)bandmusic

軍樂(lè)etude練習(xí)曲march進(jìn)行曲jazz爵士樂(lè)overture序曲

ballata敘事曲intermezzo間奏曲waltz圓舞曲，華爾茲allemande阿

勒曼德courante庫(kù)朗特sarabande薩拉班德gigue吉格bourree布

列polonaise波洛涅茲tarantella塔蘭臺(tái)拉govotte加沃特

chaconne恰空passacaglia帕薩卡利亞capriccio隨想曲fantasia幻想曲

lullaby搖籃曲tango探戈habanera哈巴涅拉madrigal牧歌

choral眾贊歌reguiem安魂曲symphonicpoem交響詩(shī)toccata托卡塔

serenade小夜曲nocturn夜曲rhapsody狂想曲minuet小步舞曲

recitative宣敘調(diào)aria詠嘆調(diào)songswithoutword無(wú)詞歌invention創(chuàng)意

曲scherzo諧謔曲mazurka瑪祖卡polka波爾卡foxtrot狐步舞

blues布魯斯rumba倫巴disco迪斯科suite組曲fugue賦格

instrumentalmusic與能樂(lè)musicalinstrument樂(lè)琴&instrumentation樂(lè)若稱(chēng)法

orchestra管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)orchestration配器法conductor指揮concert

master首席podium指揮臺(tái)woodwindinstruments木管樂(lè)器piccolo

短笛flute長(zhǎng)笛oboe雙簧管clarinet單簧管（黑管）bassclarinet低

音單簧管bassoon大管（巴松）contrabassoon低音大管Englishhorn

英國(guó)管brasswindinstruments銅管樂(lè)器Frenchhorn圓號(hào)，法國(guó)號(hào)

trumpet小號(hào)cornet短號(hào)trombone長(zhǎng)號(hào)tuba大號(hào)basstuba低音

大號(hào)doublebasstuba倍低音大號(hào)tenortuba次中音大號(hào)bass低音號(hào)

saxophone薩克斯管euphonium尤風(fēng)寧號(hào)percussion（s）打擊樂(lè)

kettledrum定音鼓bassdrum大鼓tenordrum中鼓sidedrum小鼓

triangle三角鐵chimes排鐘marimba瑪林巴tubularbells管鐘

glockenspiel鐘琴vibraphone顫音琴castanets響板whip鞭響器

rattle搖響器anvil樂(lè)砧tambourine鈴鼓tabor塔波鼓bongo邦戈

鼓gong鑼templeblock木魚(yú)woodblock南梆子，盒梆cymbal錢(qián)

harp豎琴xylophone木琴piano鋼琴pedal踏板stringedinstruments

弦樂(lè)器violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴doublebass低音提

琴guitar吉他lute疏特琴harpsichord撥弦古鋼琴clavier(18

世紀(jì))鍵盤(pán)樂(lè)器organ風(fēng)琴pipeorgan管風(fēng)琴accordion手風(fēng)琴

keyboard鍵盤(pán)(樂(lè))vocalmusic聲樂(lè)belcanto美聲acappella無(wú)伴

奏合唱voice人聲，聲部soprano女高音coloraturasoprano花腔女高

音lyricsoprano抒情女高音dramaticsoprano戲劇女高音

mezzosoprano次女高音，女中音tenor男高音dramatictenor戲劇男高音

bariton男中音bass男低音unison齊奏(唱)duet二重奏ensemble合

奏(團(tuán)體)stage舞臺(tái)theater劇場(chǎng)，戲居URenaissance文藝復(fù)興

Rococo洛可可Baroque巴洛克Classicism古典主義Romanticism

浪漫主義Impressionism印象主義Nationalisminmusic民族樂(lè)派

Anti-impressionism反印象主義Realism現(xiàn)實(shí)主義Serialism序列主義

Primitivism原始主義Expressionism表現(xiàn)主義Microtonalism微分音主義

Neoclassicism新古典主義Structuralism結(jié)構(gòu)主義ConcreteMusic具體音

樂(lè)Accidentalism偶然主義Minimalism省略(簡(jiǎn)約)主義

Pointillism點(diǎn)描派monophonicmusic單聲部音樂(lè)homophony主調(diào)

homophonicmusic主調(diào)音樂(lè)polyphony復(fù)調(diào)polyphonicmusic復(fù)調(diào)音樂(lè)

counterpoint對(duì)位programmusic標(biāo)題音樂(lè)absolutemusic純音樂(lè)，非標(biāo)

題音樂(lè)abstractmusic抽象音樂(lè)

各類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的中英文表達(dá)方式

1).體操gymnastics2).游泳swimming3).擊劍fencing4).舉重

weightlifting5).棒球baseball6).籃球basketball7).排球volleyball

8).乒乓球tabletennis9).足球soccer10).跳水diving

11).馬球polo12).水球waterpolo13).壘球softball

14).網(wǎng)球tennis15).賽艇canoe16).沖浪surfing17).自行車(chē)

cycling18).羽毛球badminton19).田徑trackandfield

20).手球handball21).摔交wrestling22)?拳擊boxing

23).射箭toxophily24).射擊shooting25).柔道judo

26).騎馬equestrian27).曲棍球hockey

manager/agent經(jīng)紀(jì)人instructor教練，技術(shù)指導(dǎo)guide領(lǐng)隊(duì)trainer助

理教練referee,umpire（網(wǎng)球.棒球）裁判l(wèi)inesman,touchjudge

（橄欖球）裁判contestant,competitor,player運(yùn)動(dòng)員professional

職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員amateur業(yè)余運(yùn)動(dòng)員,愛(ài)好者enthusiast,fan迷，愛(ài)好

者favourite可望取勝者（美作:favorite）outsider無(wú)取勝希望者

championship冠軍賽，錦標(biāo)賽champion冠軍record紀(jì)錄

recordholder紀(jì)錄創(chuàng)造者ace網(wǎng)球賽中的一分OlympicGames,Olympics

奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)WinterOlympics冬季奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)stadium運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)

track跑道ring圈ground,field場(chǎng)地pitch（足球、橄欖球）場(chǎng)地

court網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)team,side隊(duì)

2.Athletics競(jìng)技

race跑middle-distancerace中長(zhǎng)跑long-distancerunner長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員

sprint短跑（美作:dash）the400metrehurdles400米欄marathon馬拉松

decathlon十項(xiàng)cross-countryrace越野跑jump跳躍jumping跳躍運(yùn)動(dòng)

highjump跳高longjump跳遠(yuǎn)（美作:broadjump）polevault撐竿跳

triplejump,hopstepandjump三級(jí)跳throw投擲throwing投擲運(yùn)動(dòng)

puttingtheshot,shotput推鉛球throwingthediscus我|!鐵餅

throwingthehammer擲鏈錘throwingthejavelin擲標(biāo)槍walk競(jìng)走

3.1ndividualSprots體育項(xiàng)目

gymnastics體操gymnasticapparatus體操器械horizontalbar單杠

parallelbars雙杠rings吊環(huán)trapeze秋千wallbars肋木

weight-lifting舉重weights重量級(jí)sidehorse,pommelledhorse鞍馬

boxing拳擊Greece-Romanwrestling古典式摔跤hold,lock揪鈕

judo柔道fencing擊劍wintersports冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)skiing滑雪

ski滑雪板downhillrace速降滑雪賽，滑降slalom障礙滑雪

skijumpingcompetition跳高滑雪比賽skijump跳高滑雪iceskating滑冰

figureskating花樣滑冰rollerskating滑旱冰bobsleigh,bobsled雪橇

4.GamesandCompetitions球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)

football足球rugby橄欖球basketball籃球volleyball排球

tennis網(wǎng)球baseball壘球handball手球hockey曲棍球

golf高爾夫球cricket板球icehockey冰球goalkeeper球門(mén)員

centrekick中線(xiàn)發(fā)球goalkick球門(mén)發(fā)球throwin,line-out邊線(xiàn)發(fā)球

toscoreagoal射門(mén)得分toconvertatry對(duì)方球門(mén)線(xiàn)后觸地得分

batsman板球運(yùn)動(dòng)員batter擊球運(yùn)動(dòng)員men*ssingles單打運(yùn)動(dòng)員

inthemixeddoubles混合雙打

5.WaterSports水上運(yùn)動(dòng)

swimming游泳medleyrelay混合泳crawl爬泳breaststroke蛙式

backstroke仰式freestyle自由式butterfly（stroke）蝶泳divingcompetition

跳水waterpolo水球waterskiing水橇rowing劃船canoe劃艇

boatrace賽艇yacht游艇kayak皮船sailing帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)

outboardboat船外馬達(dá)

6.BicyclesandMotorcycles自行車(chē)和摩托車(chē)

car車(chē)類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)velodrome,cyclingstadium自行車(chē)賽車(chē)場(chǎng)roadrace公路賽

race計(jì)時(shí)賽chase追逐賽motorcycle,motorbike摩托車(chē)

racingcar賽車(chē)racingdriver賽車(chē)駕駛員rally汽車(chē)?yán)?/p>

7.RidingandHorseRaces賽馬

riding騎馬racecourse,racetrack跑馬場(chǎng)，賽馬場(chǎng)jockey,polo馬

球rider馬球運(yùn)動(dòng)員showjumpingcompetition跳躍賽

steeplechase障礙賽fence障礙trotter快跑的馬

8.Tennis網(wǎng)球

tennis網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)lawntennis草地網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)grasscourt草地網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)

racket球拍racketpress球拍夾gut,string（球拍的）弦

lineball觸線(xiàn)球baselineball底線(xiàn)球sidelineball邊線(xiàn)球straightball直

線(xiàn)球down-the-lineshot邊線(xiàn)直線(xiàn)球crosscourt斜線(xiàn)球

highball,lob高球lowball低球longshot長(zhǎng)球shortshot短球

cut削球smash抽球jumpsmash躍起抽球spin旋轉(zhuǎn)球

lowdrive抽低球volley截?fù)艨罩星騦owvolley低截球

deepball深球heavyball重球net落網(wǎng)球flatstroke平擊球

flatdrive平抽球let重發(fā)球fluke,set-up,easy機(jī)會(huì)球

groundstroke擊觸地球wide打出邊線(xiàn)的球

overheadsmash,overhandsmash高球扣殺game局set盤(pán)fifteenall

一平thirtyall二平fortyall三平deuce局末平分，盤(pán)

末平局lovegame一方得零分的一局doublefault雙誤，兩次發(fā)球失誤

notup,,兩跳，還擊前球著地兩次serviceline發(fā)球線(xiàn)forecourt前場(chǎng)

backcourt后場(chǎng)centremark中點(diǎn)server發(fā)球員receiver接球員

9.Swimming游泳

swimmingpool游泳池changingroom更衣室shower淋浴

divingplatform跳臺(tái)ten-meterplatform10米跳臺(tái)five-meterplatform5米跳

臺(tái)three-meterspringboard3米跳板one-meterspringboard1米跳板

divingpool跳水池non?swimmer'spool淺水池swimmefspool深水池

startingblock出發(fā)臺(tái)startingdive出發(fā)起跳ropewithcorkfloats水線(xiàn)

swimminglane泳道touchingthefinishingline終點(diǎn)觸線(xiàn)timekeeper計(jì)時(shí)員

lifesaver,lifeguard救生員landdrill陸上練習(xí)breaststroke蛙泳crawlstroke

爬泳backstroke仰泳sidestroke側(cè)泳butterflystroke蝶泳

dolphinbutterflystroke海豚式蝶泳treadingwater踩水underwaterswimming

潛泳swimmingpoolwithartificialwaves人工海浪泳池

artificialwaves人工海浪swimmingtrunks泳褲swimsuit,swimming

suit泳衣swimmingcap泳帽bikini比基尼泳衣bikinitop比基尼乳

罩bikinibottom比基尼式泳褲surfing沖浪surfboard沖浪板

waterski滑水橇

lO.Football足球

football,soccer,Associationfootball足球field,pitch足球場(chǎng)

midfied中場(chǎng)kick-offcircle中圈half-wayline中線(xiàn)

football,eleven足球隊(duì)footballplayer足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員

goalkeeper,goaltender,goalie守門(mén)員back后衛(wèi)left左后衛(wèi)

rightback右后衛(wèi)centrehalfback中衛(wèi)halfback前衛(wèi)

lefthalfback左前衛(wèi)righthalfback右前衛(wèi)forward前鋒

centreforward,centre中鋒insideleftforward,insideleft左內(nèi)鋒

insiderightforward,insideright右內(nèi)鋒outsideleftforward,outsideleft左邊鋒

outsiderightforward,outsideright右邊鋒kick-off開(kāi)球bicyclekick,

overheadkick倒鉤球chest-highball平胸球comerball,comer角球

goalkick球門(mén)球groundball,grounder地面球handball手觸球

header頭球penaltykick點(diǎn)球spotkick罰點(diǎn)球freekick罰任意

球throw-in擲界外球ballhandling控制球blocktackle正面搶截

bodycheck身體阻擋built球門(mén)前混戰(zhàn)faircharge合理沖撞chesting

胸部擋球close-markingdefence釘人防守closepass,shortpass短傳

consecutivepasses連續(xù)傳球deceptivemovement假動(dòng)作divingheader魚(yú)

躍頂球flyingheadar跳起頂球dribbling盤(pán)球

finger-tipsave（守門(mén)員）托救球cleancatching（守門(mén)員）跳球抓好

flankpass邊線(xiàn)傳球highlobbingpass高吊傳球scissorpass交叉?zhèn)髑?/p>

volleypass凌空傳球triangularpass三角傳球rollingpass,groundpass滾

地傳球slidetackle鏟球clearancekick解除危險(xiǎn)的球toshoot射門(mén)

grazingshot貼地射門(mén)close-rangeshot近射longdrive遠(yuǎn)射mishit未

射中offside越位topasstheball傳球totakeapass接球

spotpass球傳到位totrap腳底停球tointercept截球tobreakthrough,

tobeat帶球過(guò)人tobreakloose擺脫tocontrolthemidfield控制中場(chǎng)

todisorganizethedefence破壞防守tofallback退回tosetawall筑人墻

tosetthepace掌握進(jìn)攻節(jié)奏towardoffanassault擊退一次攻勢(shì)

tobreakupanattack破壞,次攻勢(shì)ballplayingskill控球技術(shù)

totalfootball全攻全守足球戰(zhàn)術(shù)openfootball拉開(kāi)的足球戰(zhàn)術(shù)

off-sidetrap越位戰(zhàn)術(shù)wingplay邊鋒戰(zhàn)術(shù)shoot-on-sighttactics積極的搶

射戰(zhàn)術(shù)timewastingtactics拖延戰(zhàn)術(shù)Brazilianformation巴西陣式，

4-2-4陣式fourbackssystem四后衛(wèi)制four-three-threeformation4-3-3

陣式four-two-fourformation4-2-4陣式redcard紅牌（表示判罰

出場(chǎng)）yellowcard黃牌（表示警告）

11.BaseballandSoftball棒球和壘球

baseball棒球baseballfield,baseballground棒球場(chǎng)softball壘球

softballfield,softballground壘球場(chǎng)infield,diamond內(nèi)場(chǎng)outfield外

場(chǎng)fairterritory界內(nèi)地區(qū)foulterritory界外地區(qū)foulline邊線(xiàn)

baseline壘間線(xiàn)base壘bag壘墊，壘包homebase本壘

firstbase一壘secondbase二壘thirdbase三壘homeplate本壘

板pitchefsplate投手板pitcher'smound（棒球）投手土墩

pitchefscircle（壘球）投手圈batter'sbox擊球員區(qū)ondeckcircle擊球員

準(zhǔn)備區(qū)catche