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串講06現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)及必刷題序號(hào)內(nèi)容Partone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)串講Parttwo現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)串講Partthree基礎(chǔ)必刷100題Partfour綜合必刷30題Partone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)串講一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本概念現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式肯定式am/is/are+beingdone否定式am/is/are+not+beingdone一般疑問式Am/ls/Are+主語+beingdone特殊疑問式疑問詞+is/are+主語+beingdone二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法和意義1.表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。句中常用now,atthemoment等時(shí)間狀語。AsfarasIknow,heisnowbeingtreatedinIndia.據(jù)我所知,他現(xiàn)在正在印度接受治療。2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,但該動(dòng)作在說話的瞬間未必正在進(jìn)行。Manyinterestingactivitiesarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.最近許多有趣的活動(dòng)正在被進(jìn)行著。(說話時(shí),并不一定正在進(jìn)行)3.表示一種經(jīng)常性的被動(dòng)行為,常與always,constantly,frequently等副詞連用,往往帶有夸獎(jiǎng)、羨慕、埋怨、討厭等感情色彩。Ifeelveryamazedthattheglassesofourlivingroomarefrequentlybeingbroken.讓我感到非常吃驚的是我們起居室的玻璃杯經(jīng)常被打破。4.表示按計(jì)劃或安排主語將要承受謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作。Thebirthdaypartyisbeingheldthisevening.與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用,表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)行為的推測(cè)?!狣oyouknowwhatJohnisdoing?—Heisill.Hemaybebeingexaminedby

thedoctor.注意短語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),短語中的介詞或副詞不能省掉,應(yīng)當(dāng)看成一個(gè)整體。Thechildrenarebeingtakengoodcareof

here.

be+under/in/on+n.可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的含義。Thetelephoneisinuse.=Thetelephoneis

beingused.Manynewproductsareonshow.=Many

newproductsarebeingshown.Parttwo現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)串講一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.肯定句向式:主語+have/hasbeen+過去分詞Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.他已被挑選出來參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。2.否定句向式:主語+have/hasnotbeen+過去分詞Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromtheclothes.衣服上的墨跡還沒有去掉。3.一般疑問句句式:Have/Has+主語+been+過去分詞?Hasyourputerjustbeenattackedbyavirus?你的電腦剛被病毒攻擊了嗎?4.特殊疑問向句式:疑問詞+have/has+主語+been+過去分詞?Howlonghaveyoubeenemployedatthisjob?你做這份工作多久了?注:如果疑問詞作主語,則是:疑問詞+have/hasbeen+過去分詞?Whohasbeeninjuredintheaccident?誰在事故中受傷了?二.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法從時(shí)態(tài)角度看,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和主動(dòng)語態(tài)一樣,主要用來表達(dá):①過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響;②過去動(dòng)作的持續(xù);③對(duì)過去歷史的回顧。1.表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,通常與already,yet,just,never,recently等副詞連用.Theproblemhasalreadybeensolved.問題已經(jīng)被解決了。(現(xiàn)在不再有困擾了)Ihavebeentoldaboutthatmatter.我已被告知那件事情了。(“我”現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了)2.表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作從過去開始一直持線到現(xiàn)在,并有可能持線下去。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用,或用于“Howlong..?”句型中。Financialproblemsofthepanyhavebeendiscussedfornearlytwohours.這家公司的財(cái)務(wù)問題已被討論了近兩個(gè)小時(shí)Howlonghasthisbookbeenkept?這本書已被借了多長時(shí)間?3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中,表示將來已完成的動(dòng)作,即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)代替將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Don'tdrinkthewateruntilithasbeencooled.在水涼下來之前不要喝。YoucanwatchTVaslongasyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.你只要做完了作業(yè)就可以看電視。4.表示過去的經(jīng)歷。經(jīng)常與often,never,ever,only,once,twice,before,since,thefirsttime等時(shí)間狀語連用。HasthiskindofworkeverbeendonebyMary?這種工作瑪麗曾經(jīng)做過嗎?ThisisthefirsttimeTornhasbeeninvitedtoperformonthestage.這是湯姆第一次被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谖枧_(tái)上表演。特別注意:常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語:already已經(jīng);yet已經(jīng);recently/lately最近;sincethen從那時(shí)起;eversince自那以來;ever曾經(jīng);foralongtime很長一段時(shí)間;sofar迄今為止;bynow到現(xiàn)在為止;inrecentyears在最近幾年里;in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears在過去的幾年里三由主動(dòng)語態(tài)到被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換1.“主+動(dòng)+賓(S+V+0)”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“主十動(dòng)+賓(S+V+0)”結(jié)構(gòu)在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),原來的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,原來的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)椤癰e+過去分詞”形式,原來的主語在被動(dòng)句中由by引導(dǎo),通??梢允÷?。Wehavebuiltmanybridgesinthepasttenyears.在過去的10年中,我們建了許多橋梁?!鶰anybridgeshavebeenbuilt(byus)inthepasttenyears.Imetmyoldfriendonthestreetyesterday.我昨天在街上碰到了我的老朋友?!鶰yoldfriendwasmetonthestreetyesterday.Wearelookingintothematter.我們正在調(diào)查這件事→Thismatterisbeinglookedinto(byus).2.“主+動(dòng)+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+V+IO+DO)”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“主十動(dòng)+間接賓語+直接賓語(s+V+10+DO)“結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),可以將兩個(gè)賓語中的任何個(gè)賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)向的主語。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換分為兩種:一種可以轉(zhuǎn)化為帶介詞to的結(jié)構(gòu),一種可以轉(zhuǎn)化為帶介詞for的結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)轉(zhuǎn)化為帶介詞to的結(jié)構(gòu)有些帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),可以有兩種形式,即:可用直拱賓語或何接賓語作主語??梢赃@樣轉(zhuǎn)化的動(dòng)詞主要有bring.give,band,lend,send,offer,pass,sell,show,tell等。Wegavehimsomebooks./Wegavesomebookstohim.→Hewasgivensomebooks./Somebooksweregiventohim.Lizasentmeanemail./Lizasentanemailtome.莉莎給我發(fā)了一封電子郵件→AnemailwassenttomebyLiza./IwassentanemailbyLiza.轉(zhuǎn)化為帶介詞for的結(jié)構(gòu)有些帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),通常要用直接賓語作主語,不用間接賓語;一般在間接賓語前用介詞for。可以這樣轉(zhuǎn)化的動(dòng)詞主要有buy,make,ind,get,do,fetch,order,sing等。Heboughthisgirlfriendanicegift./Heboughtanicegiftforhisgirlfriend.他給女朋友買了一份很棒的禮物?!鶤nicegiftwasboughtforhisgirlfriend(byhim)Mymothermademeaskirt./Mymothermadeaskirtforme.我媽媽給我做了一條裙子?!鶤skirtwasmadeformebymymother.3.“主+動(dòng)+賓+賓補(bǔ)(S+V+0+C)”緒構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“主+動(dòng)+賓+賓補(bǔ)(S+V+O+C)“結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),應(yīng)將主動(dòng)句中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語。帶有形式賓語it的句子一般把it變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語。Theyhavemadethedesertedtempletheirshelter.他們把那座荒廢的寺廟變成了他們的避難所?!鶷hedesertedtemplehasbeenmadetheirshelter.那座荒廢的寺廟被變成了他們的避難所。Wealwayskeeptheclassroomclean.我們總是保持教室清潔?!鶷heclassroomisalwayskeptclean.教室總是被保特清潔。Theyaskedmetohelpthem.他們叫我?guī)椭麄??!鶬wasaskedtohelpthem.我被叫去幫助他們了。Wesawthemplayingfootball.我們看到他們?cè)谔咦闱颉鶷heywereseenplayingfootball.他們被人看見在踢足球。Weconsideritwrongtoshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.我們認(rèn)為訓(xùn)斥犯了錯(cuò)誤的孩子是不對(duì)的?!鶬tisconsideredwrongtoshoutatchildrenwhomakemistakes.訓(xùn)斥犯了錯(cuò)誤的孩子被認(rèn)為是不對(duì)的。重要提示:1.在see,hear,listento,lookat,feel等感官動(dòng)詞(詞組)后,作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式都不帶to,但變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后要加上to。WeoftenhearLilysing.我們經(jīng)常聽到莉莉唱歌。→Lilyisoftenheardtosing.經(jīng)常有人聽到莉莉唱歌。2.makesb.dosth.等不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)也要加上to。Youdon'thavetomakePeterworkhard.彼得沒必要被逼迫努力學(xué)習(xí)。特別提醒:watch和notice這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞,不定式作賓補(bǔ)可以有主動(dòng)語態(tài):watch/noticesb.dosth.,但沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài),不可以說:Hewaswatched/noticedtogooutoftheoffice.。此外have也是如此,我們可以說:havesb.dosth.,不可以說:Hewashadtodothejobatonce..你沒有必要逼迫彼得努力學(xué)習(xí)?!鶳eterdoesn'thavetobemadetoworkhard.彼得沒必要被逼迫努力學(xué)習(xí)。Partthree基礎(chǔ)必刷100題1.Thesite(develop)byaFrenchpanyatpresent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)2.Don’tcallMarry.She(interview)rightnow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)3.Inordertobeapletelycarfreecity,almosthalfofthestreetlevelparkingspaces(remove)atpresent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)4.Thefirehasgottothefifthfloor.Haveallthepeople(save)?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)5.Poachers(punish)strictly,deterringwildlifecrimes.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)6.Poachingincidents(reduce),decreasingwildlifefatalitiesfromthousandstohundredsannually.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)7.AirpollutioniswhatmostChinesepeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirhealth(threaten).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)8.Whyisshe(follow)byherfatheratthemoment?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)9.Theletter(write)byLinTaonow.10.Aneducationalfilmaboutendangeredspecies(show)inschoolsacrossthecountry.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)11.Themigratorybirdhabitatalongthecoast(maintain)throughregularconservationefforts.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)12.Anobservationtowerforbirdwatching(build)nearthewetlandreserve.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)13.Thefundingforcrucialwildlifeconservationprojects(cut)duetobudgetconstraints.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)14.Thedamagedsectionofthenaturereservefence(repair)topreventwildlifeencroachment.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)15.Continuousefforts(make)toreintroducelocallyextinctspeciesbackintotheirnaturalhabitats.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)16.Nationalparkregulationsregardingwildlifeinteraction(revise)forvisitorsafety.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)17.Adocumentaryseriesaboutwildlifeconservation(broadcast)onNationalGeographic.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)18.Mysister(interview)atthismoment.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)19.Heputforwardafewmeanswhich(try)recently.20.Torescuethepeopletrappedbytheearthquake,thehelicopters(直升機(jī))(send)totheearthquakehitareabythegovernmentatthemoment.21.Nowthetroops(inspect)bythepresidentonthesquare.22.NowthemoneyfortheProjectHope(collect)inthestreet.23.NewYear’sDayisingandcelebrationactivities(prepare)forit.24.Look!Theforeignguests(showaround)thefactorybyMr.Zhang.25.Atpresent,plentyofsupplies(transport)totherefugee(難民)camptohelpthemgetthroughthedifficulties.26.Thisbridge(repair)now,sowemustbecareful.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)27.Sadly,Africanelephants(shoot)illegallynowinsomeplaces.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)28.Ourschoolwilltakeonanewlookasmanyrulesandregulations(revise)atpresent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)29.Theboyslookveryhappybecausetheyarelisteningtothemusicthat(broadcast)ontheradio.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)30.TomCruise’slatestmovie(show)intheatersrightnow.Hurryupandgowatchit.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)31.Muchisbeing(do)toprotectwildlife,butifwereallywanttosavetheplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)32.Themuseumisn’topentothepublicbecauseit(maintain)atpresent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)33.Preparations(make)atthemomentforthereopeningoftheCityStadiumCenter.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)34.Ican’twashmyclothesnow,forthewashingmachine(repair).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)35.Iamchattingwiththehairdresserwhilemyhair(cut).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)36.Anewhospital(build)nearmyhomenow.Itwillopennextyear.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)37.Mywashingmachine(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)38.Wearenotallowedtoenterthehousenow,becausethewalls(paint).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)39.Atpresent,lotsoffoodandmedicinearebeing(transport)fromalloverChinatotheearthquakestrickenareas.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)40.Ihavetoworkbytaxitoday,formycar(repair).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)41.Becausethefarmland(lose)quickly,thegovernmentisconsideringstartingaprogramtosolvetheproblem.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)42.Thebookreport(write).Itwillbefinishedsoon.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)43.Thesharksareindangerofextinction.They(kill)fortheirfinsbyhumans.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)44.Everytreethatiscutdownisapartofthehabitatofanimalssuchasthesekoalas.Inthiswayalotofanimalhomes!(destroy)(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)45.IvisitedthenewandimprovedmunitySportsCentre.Itisnotopentothepublicyet,butpreparations(make)presentlyforthereopening.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)46.Look!Thelittlegirl(teach)howtospellthewords.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)47.Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine(test)atthemoment.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)48.Idon’tknowwhat(draw)bythechildrenintheroomnow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)49.Thereport(write).Itwillbefinishedsoon.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)50.Ihavetowalktoworktodaybecausemycar(repair).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)51.Uptonow,morethan90rooms(decorate)withthevaluablepaintings.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)52.Sofar,thisnovel(translate)intoseverallanguages.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)53.Alargeamountofmoney(raise)forcharitysofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)54.Largeamountsofmoney(spend)inrebuildingtheoldtempleinthelasttwoyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)55.Thetemple(build)fortwoyearsanditisstillinconstruction.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)56.Overthepastthreeyears,morethan$10million(spend)ontheproject.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)57.Theplanhasbeenstudiedtheexpertsforthreetimes.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)58.Manypanies(run)byTomsince1979.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)59.Wheretogoforatrip(notdecide)yet.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)60.She(laugh)atbyherclassmatessinceyoung.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)61.It(prove)thattheimportanceofthetownisduetoitsgeographicallocationsofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)62.—Willthelecturebeheldat4o’clockthisafternoon?—No.It(put)offtilltomorrowafternoon.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)63.Overthepasttenyears,thistown(hit)twicebyearthquakes.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)64.Sincethecauseofthisdisease(discover),nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)65.Morethan5,000usedbikes(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)66.WiththeInternetkeepinguspany,ourlifehasbeengreatly(improve).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)67.Thirtypercentofairinthecity(pollute)sofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)68.Itisreportedthatcountlessculturalobjects(steal)overthelastcoupleofcenturies.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)69.Don’tgoouttoplayuntilallofyourhomework(finish).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)70.Agreatdealofmoney(spend)insavingthelivesofthetrappedminerssincelastweek.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)71.ItisreportedthattradebetweenChinaandtheUK(promote)duringthelastthreemonths.72.SinceIfirstheardEnglishspokenbyaBritishman,I(attract)bythebeautifullanguage.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)73.Losingachildisheartbreakingandcountlessfamilies(tear)apartinthepastdecades.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)74.Itisapitythatoverthepastfewyears,farmlandinthisregion(poison)bychemicals.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)75.Overthepasttwoweeks,thesoftware(download)for30milliontimesbyuserstohelptheirphonebatterieslastlonger.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)76.Alargeamountoftime(spend)onthisprojectuptonow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)77.Heboughtapairoftrouserslastmonth,butthetrousers(wear)out.78.Manynewbuildings(build)inthepastfewyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)79.Duetopeople’sfearofsharks,anumberofsharks(kill)overtheyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)80.Veryfewdeer(shoot)since2yearsago.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)81.Largeamountsofmoney(spend)onmedicaltreatmentsincelastyear.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)82.Despitealltheseimprovements,Ihavealsofoundsomethingthatstillneedstobedone:nobasketballcourt(build)sofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)83.Largeamountsofmoney(spend)onthebridgeinthelastfewyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)84.Greatcontributions(make)byMr.Wangtothepanyinthepasttenyears.Sohedeservesthepraise.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)85.WildcatsaretheUK’srarestnativemammaland(hunt)toextinctioninmostpartsofBritainfortheirthickhairinthepastdecades.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)86.Duetoherlatestdiscovery,she(confirm)asoneoftheleadingfemalescientistsinphysicssofar.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)87.Anumberofnewhouses(have)beenbuiltthere.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)88.Laboratoryandfieldtests(conduct)inthepastseveralmonths.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)89.MrReedhas(select)torepresentusonthemittee.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)90.Ourrelationship(strength)overthepastthreeyears.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)91.Manyahouse(equip)withautomaticfirealarmsystemssincethen.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)92.Largequantitiesofinformation(offer)tothegovernmentsincelastyear.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)93.Sofar,severalstatisticalexamples(update)withrealworlddatatohelpbusinessprofessionalsunderstandthechangingmarket.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)94.Sofar,allpossiblemeans(try)topreventtheanimalsfromdyingout.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)95.Hugeamountsofmoney(spend)onthenewbridgeuptonow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)96.Sofar,400millionyuan(collect)forProjectHope.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)97.Singleusesurgicalmasks(find)thrownaroundpavements,waterwaysandbeachesworldwidesincecountriesbeganorderingtheiruseinpublicplaces.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)98.Mybrotherhasbeen(promote)toheadofthegroupbecauseofhisexcellentwork.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)99.Sheep,cowsandpigs(keep)assourcesoffoodsince7000yearsago.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)100.Thefinetradition,which(observe)for2000years,shouldn’tbeignoredbyanyofus.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)Partfour綜合必刷30題Passage01WhoinventedtheATM?Therehavebeen1(argue)foryearsoverwhoshouldofficiallygodowninhistoryas“theinventoroftheATM”.NowtheUKgovernmentis2(clear)sayingitwasJamesGoodfellowwhoinventedtheATM.Backinthemid1960s,JamesGoodfellowwasworking3adevelopmentengineerforGlasgowfirmKelvinHughes,andhadbeenchargedwithinventingawaytoenablecustomerstowithdraw(取)cashfrombankswhenSaturdayopeningended.“Mostpeople4(work)duringtheweekcouldn’tgettothebank.Theywantedasolution.Thesolutionwasamachinewhichwouldissuecashondemandtoa5(recognize)customer,”hesaid.“Isetouttodevelopacashissuingmachine,and6(make)thisareality,Iinventedthepin(personalidentificationnumber)andanassociatedcodedtoken(代幣).”Sofar,thecashmachine7(bee)aworldconqueringpieceoftechnology.Therearenow3millionATMsworldwide,with8numberforecasttohit4millionby2020.ThegoodnewsforGoodfellowis9peoplearebeginningtoknowhimforhisinvention.Even10(good)forhim,theHomeOfficehasnowofficiallyrecognizedhisotherachievement.Passage02Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniforms(校服)areagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobodywillhavetoworryaboutfashion.Everybodywears11samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth12givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor13(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan14(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer15thisqu

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