2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省百校聯(lián)考高二下學(xué)期5月份階段檢測(cè)英語試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2江蘇省百校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月份階段檢測(cè)英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehadnoalarmclocks.B.Hegotuplate.C.Hiscarbrokedown.2.WhatdoesMr.Blacklooklike?A.Hewearsglasses.B.Heisshort.C.Hehasblackhair.3.Howdoestnemanfeelabouttheclass?A.Heisfondofit.B.Hecan’tfollowit.C.Hehasbeenusedtoit.4.WhydoesthewomanwanttomeetMissJones?A.Tomakeanapology.B.ToknowaboutMissPeters.C.Tohaveaninterview.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inacollege.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofmountaineering?A.Dangerous.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.ShewillvisitMountHuangshanwiththeman.B.SheclimbedMountHuangshanlastsummer.C.Sheisprofessionalinmountaineering.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Hertelevisiondoesn’tworkproperly.B.Herbillhasnotyetarrived.C.Shewaschargedtwice.9.Whatiswrongwiththeshop?A.Thecomputersystemisoutoforder.B.Theshopassistantsarealwayscareless.C.Itdoesn’tacceptcreditcards.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Getawrittenapology.B.Offerherreceiptnumber.C.Havehertelevisionfixed.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whydoesthegirltalktotheman?A.Tomakeaninvitation.B.Toaskforpermission.C.Togetsomeadvice.12.Whatwillthemandoduringtheparty?A.Tellafolkstory.B.SinganEnglishsong.C.PerformanEnglishplay.13.Whatwilltheheadmasterdbeforetheparty?A.Deliveraspeech.B.Sharehisresolutions.C.Decoratetheclassroom.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacamerashop.B.Attheman’shome.C.Onthestreet.15.Howmanycamerashopsarestillopenintown?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.16.Whydoesthemanthinksomecamerashopswentoutofbusiness?A.Camerasareold-fashioned.B.PeoplebuythingsontheInternet.C.Therearefewerphotographers.17.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Gotoacamerashop.B.Takecareofhisfriend’skids.C.Takepicturesforawedding.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhathappenedtoSam?A.Hewasknockeddownbyatruck.B.Hefelltothegroundwhencrossingtheroad.C.Hestoppedthetruckdriverwhencrossingtheroad.19.Whoaskedthedrivertostop?A.David.B.Theboy’smother.C.Thelittleboy.20.WhydidDavidhelpthatwoman?A.ShewasDavid’sneighbor.B.Shecouldn’twalk.C.Shecouldn’taffordenoughfood.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUniqueoutdoorrestaurantsaroundtheworldManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Remarkablesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan’talwaysbefoundinthesamelocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.TheRock,ZanzibarOnanenormousboulder(巨石)offthecoastoftheEastAfricanislandofZanzibarsitsTheRock.Thefreshestseafood,muchofitstraightfromthesurroundingocean,isalwaysavailablehere.Atlowtide(潮汐),customerscanwalkouttoTheRock.Asthewaterrises,though,customersmusttakeashortboatridetoit.Oncetheyarrive,they’regreetedbyfriendlystaffand360-degreeviewsofbeautifulblue-greenwater.TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant”,isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.TheLabasinWaterfallsRestaurant,PhilippinesStrikingwaterfallssometimeshaverestaurantsatthetop.ButtheLabasinWaterfalls,inSanPabloCity,Philippines,isdifferent.Arestaurantsitsatthebottomofthefalls.Guestsdineonauthentic(地道的)Filipinomealsatbambootablesthatstandrightinthewater.Theycooltheirfeetinthewaterthatflowsundertheirtables.Thesurroundingjunglemakesaperfectbackgroundforthisone-of-a-kinddiningexperience.TheGrotto,ThailandTheGrottoRestaurantonThailand’sPhraNangBeachoffersdeliciousfoodandanincrediblediningexperience.Therestaurantispartlypositionedinsideacaveandpartlyonthebeach.GuestsseatedtowardthefrontlookoutatHappyIslandinthelovelyAndamanSea.Thoseseatedatthebackenjoyanauthenticcave-diningexperience.Comfortabletables,whicharearrangedinsidethecave,sitnexttolargestalactites(鐘乳石).InternationalfoodwithaThaiinfluenceisfeatured.1.WhatcanyoudoatTheRock?A.Hostsmallceremonies.B.Havemealsatbambootables.C.Coolyourfeetunderyourtables.D.Gothroughacave-diningexperience.2.Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?A.Theyarebasedinhotels.B.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.C.Theyaresurroundedbyeye-catchingwaterfalls.D.Theyofferbothbreathtakingviewsanddeliciousfood.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toreport. B.Toexplain. C.Toanalyze. D.Tointroduce.——★參考答案★——1.A2.D3.D【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三個(gè)集美景和美食于一體的戶外餐廳。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheRock,sometimescalledthe“floatingrestaurant”,isavailableforweddingsandothersmallgroupevents.(巖石有時(shí)被稱為“浮動(dòng)餐廳”，可用于婚禮和其他小型團(tuán)體活動(dòng)。)”可知，該飯店可以舉行小型的儀式活動(dòng)。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.(然而，三家餐廳都有令人驚嘆的景色并且菜單上均有美味的食物。)”可知，這三家餐廳都是集美景和美食于一體的餐廳。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，根據(jù)第一段中的“ManythingscometomindwhenIthinkofagreatvacation.Remarkablesceneryanddeliciousfoodarecertainlyonmylist.Thosetwofeaturescan’talwaysbefoundinthesamellocation.However,amazingviewsandgreatfoodarebothonthemenuatthefollowingthreerestaurants.(當(dāng)我想到一個(gè)美好的假期時(shí)，許多事情就會(huì)浮現(xiàn)在腦海中。美麗的風(fēng)景和美味的食物當(dāng)然在我的清單上。這兩個(gè)特征不可能總是出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)位置。然而，三家餐廳都有令人驚嘆的景色并且菜單上均有美味的食物。)”及下文的具體介紹可知，本文的目的是為讀者介紹集美景和美食于一體的戶外餐廳。故選D。BInJune2015,CaptainRadhikaMenonfoundherselfinchargeoftheoiltanker(油輪)SampurnaSwarajya,battlingdangerouswavesintheBayofBengal.Littledidsheknowthatherleadershipwouldbeputtotheultimatetestinadramaticrescuemission.OnJune22,2015,asthestormcontinuedviolently,SecondOfficerManojChauhanspottedasmallboatadrift(漂流)offthecoastofGopalpur,Odisha.Sevenfishermeninjuredanddesperate,werelosingtheirstruggletotheunforgivingsea.Thefishingboatwithneithershelternoranchorhadbeenatseaforsevendays.ChinnaRao,40,andhiscompanions,includingateenager,hadgoneintotheBayforwhatwassupposedtobearoutinefishingexpedition.However,thesuddenonset(發(fā)生)ofaviolentstormhadturnedtheirjourneyintoafightforsurvival.Theboatsustaineddamage,andtheirsupplieswerelostastheyfacedtheviolentwindandwaves.Asthefishermenheldontohope,theirsignalscaughttheattentionofCaptainRadhikaMenon.Withstrongdetermination,sheinitiatedahigh-riskrescueoperation,facingtoweringwavesandstrongwinds.Theurgencywasobviousasthecrewpreparedforthechallenge.Menonstrategicallymovedthetanker,creatingashelterfromthestorm.Aropewasthrownout,connectingthetankertotheeasilybrokenfishingboat.Despitethesea’sfury(猛烈),thefishermenmanagedtosecuretheline,andonebyone,theywerepulledtosafety.Therescue,performedthroughrainandstorm,tookabout40minutes.Thesevenfishermenwerefinallyonthetanker,filledwithemotion.Sixteenmonthslater,Menon’sbraverywasrecognizedonaglobalstage.InNovember2016,shereceivedtheIMOAwardforExceptionalBraveryatSea.Menon,thefirstfemalecaptainintheIndianMerchantNavy,statedthatshehadmerelyfinishedherdutyasasailor.Therescuedfishermen,speakingemotionallyfromtheirhomes,describedMenonasaherowhohadsavedtheirlives.TherescueatseashowcasedthefirmcourageofCaptainRadhikaMenonandhercrew,provingthatinthefaceofdanger,trueheroesemerge.4.Whathappenedtothesevenfishermen?A.Theywereinalife-or-deathstruggleinaviolentstorm.B.Theybeganalong-standinginternalconflict.C.Theywerehitviolentlybyanotherboat.D.Theylosttheirboatforsevendays.5.HowdidMenonhelpthesevenfishermen?A.Shecalledarescueship.B.Shesentouthigh-frequencysignals.C.Shefearlesslylandedonthefishingboatinperson.D.Sheusedaropetoconnectthetankertothefishingboat.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMenon?A.Skillfulandcreative. B.Outgoinganddemanding.C.determinedandcourageous. D.Braveandself-confident.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Aheroicrescue. B.Theimpossibletask.C.Aperfectexpedition. D.Theviolenceofthesea.——★參考答案★——4.A5.D6.C7.A【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了一次驚險(xiǎn)的海上救援行動(dòng)，船長(zhǎng)帶領(lǐng)船員果敢地拯救了在海上漂泊了一周的漁民們的生命。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“OnJune22,2015,asthestormcontinuedviolently,SecondOfficerManojChauhanspottedasmallboatadrift(漂流)offthecoastofGopalpur,Odisha.Sevenfishermeninjuredanddesperate,werelosingtheirstruggletotheunforgivingsea.Thefishingboatwithneithershelternoranchorhadbeenatseaforsevendays.ChinnaRao,40,andhiscompanions,includingateenager,hadgoneintotheBayforwhatwassupposedtobearoutinefishingexpedition.However,thesuddenonset(發(fā)生)ofaviolentstormhadturnedtheirjourneyintoafightforsurvival.Theboatsustaineddamage,andtheirsupplieswerelostastheyfacedtheviolentwindandwaves.(2015年6月22日，由于風(fēng)暴持續(xù)猛烈，二副ManojChauhan在奧里薩邦戈帕爾普爾海岸發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘小船。七個(gè)漁民受傷，絕望，在無情的大海中失去了掙扎。那艘既沒有掩體也沒有錨的漁船已經(jīng)在海上航行了七天。40歲的ChinnaRao和他的同伴們，包括一名十幾歲的少年，進(jìn)入海灣是為了進(jìn)行一次例行的捕魚考察。然而，一場(chǎng)突如其來的暴風(fēng)雨把他們的旅程變成了一場(chǎng)生存之戰(zhàn)。船遭到了破壞，他們的補(bǔ)給品也在狂風(fēng)巨浪中丟失了)”可知，七名漁民在海上已經(jīng)漂泊了七天，又遭遇了猛烈的風(fēng)暴襲擊，他們命懸一線，在生死邊緣苦苦掙扎著。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Menonstrategicallymovedthetanker,creatingashelterfromthestorm.Aropewasthrownout,connectingthetankertotheeasilybrokenfishingboat.Despitethesea’sfury(猛烈),thefishermenmanagedtosecuretheline,andonebyone,theywerepulledtosafety.Therescue,performedthroughrainandstorm,tookabout40minutes.Thesevenfishermenwerefinallyonthetanker,filledwithemotion.(Menon有策略地移動(dòng)了油輪，從風(fēng)暴創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)避難所。一根繩子被拋出，連接著油輪和容易斷裂的漁船。漁民們不顧大海的狂怒，設(shè)法抓住了釣索，一個(gè)接一個(gè)地被拉到安全的地方。這次救援歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨，持續(xù)了大約40分鐘。七位漁民終于登上了油輪，他們情緒激動(dòng))”可知，Menon熟練地操縱起油輪，為風(fēng)暴中的漁船提供了一個(gè)避難所。同時(shí)，她用繩索把油輪和容易斷裂的漁船連接起來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Withstrongdetermination,sheinitiatedahigh-riskrescueoperation,facingtoweringwavesandstrongwinds.Theurgencywasobviousasthecrewpreparedforthechallenge.(她以堅(jiān)定的決心，冒著滔天巨浪和狂風(fēng)，發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的救援行動(dòng)。當(dāng)船員們準(zhǔn)備迎接挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，這種緊迫性顯而易見)”以及最后一段“Therescuedfishermen,speakingemotionallyfromtheirhomes,describedMenonasaherowhohadsavedtheirlives.TherescueatseashowcasedthefirmcourageofCaptainRadhikaMenonandhercrew,provingthatinthefaceofdanger,trueheroesemerge.(獲救的漁民在家中動(dòng)情地說，Menon是救了他們一命的英雄。海上救援展示了RadhikaMenon船長(zhǎng)和她的船員的堅(jiān)定勇氣，證明了在面臨危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，真正的英雄會(huì)出現(xiàn))”可知，多虧了船長(zhǎng)Menon的堅(jiān)定的決心與勇氣才及時(shí)拯救了漁民們的生命。由此可知，船長(zhǎng)Menon她既堅(jiān)定又勇敢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“InJune2015,CaptainRadhikaMenonfoundherselfinchargeoftheoiltanker(油輪)SampurnaSwarajya,battlingdangerouswavesintheBayofBengal.Littledidsheknowthatherleadershipwouldbeputtotheultimatetestinadramaticrescuemission.(2015年6月，船長(zhǎng)RadhikaMenon發(fā)現(xiàn)自己負(fù)責(zé)油輪SampurnaSwarajya，在孟加拉灣與危險(xiǎn)的海浪作斗爭(zhēng)。她一點(diǎn)也不知道，她的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力將在一次戲劇性的救援行動(dòng)中受到最終考驗(yàn))”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了暴風(fēng)雨中的一次英勇的救援行動(dòng)，所以A項(xiàng)“Aheroicrescue(英勇的營(yíng)救)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CFresco(濕壁畫)referstopaintingtechniquesusedonplaster(灰泥).PopularduringtheRenaissanceperiod,especiallyinItaly,frescoeswereusuallyusedtodecoratewallsofpublicbuildings.Thepuresttypeoffrescopainting,alsoknownas“buonfresco”,involvesmixingpigments(顏料)directlywithwetplaster.Thecoloristhusactuallypartofthematerial,ratherthanacoatingontopofit,asisthecasewith“frescoasecco”orwithregularpainting.Thecolorsofabuonfrescoareespeciallyvibrantandlong-lasting;theBull-LeapingFrescoinKnossos,Cretewascreatedaroundthe17th-15thcenturiesBCE,butthecolorsarestillcleartoday.However,thistechniqueisnotwithoutitsuniquedisadvantages.Foronething,colorslookdifferentwhentheyarewetthanwhentheyaredry.Artistsofthetimetypicallymixedtheirownplasterandcolormixtures,workingquicklytofinishapartofamural(壁畫)beforetheplasterdried.Themixturetheycreatedthenexttimemighthavebeenaslightlydifferentshade.IfyoulookcarefullyatthefrescoesontheSistineChapel,youcanseewhichpartsmusthavebeencompletedinasinglesessionbythefaintdifferencesincolors.Frescoaseccorequiressomethingtobeaddedtothepainttomakeitsticktothedryplaster.Thistechniqueissometimesusedtorepairabuonfrescothathasbeendamaged,althoughthecolorsaregenerallynotasbright.However,somecolorsactuallyworkedbetterwiththefrescoasecco.DuringtheRenaissanceperiod,theavailablepigmentsforcreatingbluedidnotmixwellwithwetplaster;forthisreason,skies,water,andblueclothingsometimeswerepaintedasseccofrescoesafterthebuonfrescohaddried.In1997,thefrescoesbyGiottodiBondoneintheBasilicaofSt.FrancisinAssisi,Italyweredamagedinanearthquake.150restorers,ofwhommostarevolunteers,spentfiveyearsgathering60,000piecesthattheycouldfindandsetthembackintoplace,muchlikeapuzzle,althoughabout35percentofthefrescoremainsincomplete.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword“vibrant”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Bright. B.Simple. C.Watery. D.Rare.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthefrescoesontheSistineChapel?A.ItwasinItalythattruefrescowaswidelyused.B.Itiscrucialtodifferentiatevariedpaintingstyle.C.Ittooktimeforpainterstocreatetheiruniquecolors.D.Itwashardtocreatetheexactlysamecoloreverytime.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedisadvantagesoffrescoasecco.B.Thereasonswhypainterspreferredblue.C.Thecharactersandusesoffrescoasecco.D.Thesimilaritiesbetweenthetwofrescotechniques.11.WhichcanbestdescribetherepairprocessofGiotto’sfrescoes?A.Slowbutcreative. B.Complicatedanddangerous.C.Discouragingbutmoney-saving. D.Time-consumingandlaborious.——★參考答案★——8.A9.D10.C11.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了興盛于歐洲文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的兩種壁畫的繪畫技巧?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thecolorsofabuonfrescoareespecially

vibrant andlong-lasting;theBull-LeapingFrescoinKnossos,Cretewascreatedaroundthe17th-15thcenturiesBCE,butthecolorsarestillcleartoday.(布恩壁畫的色彩尤其……持久；克里特島克諾索斯的跳牛壁畫創(chuàng)作于公元前17至15世紀(jì)左右，但其色彩至今仍然清晰。)”可知，布恩壁畫的色彩能夠持續(xù)很久，這說明了它的色彩特別“鮮艷的”，才讓今天的人們得以目睹其效果。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Themixturetheycreatedthenexttimemighthavebeenaslightlydifferentshade.

IfyoulookcarefullyatthefrescoesontheSistineChapel,youcanseewhichpartsmusthavebeencompletedinasinglesessionbythefaintdifferencesincolors.(他們下一次創(chuàng)造的混合物可能有點(diǎn)不同。如果你仔細(xì)看西斯廷教堂的壁畫。通過顏色上的微弱差異，你可以看到哪些部分一定是在同一時(shí)間內(nèi)完成的。)

”可知，作者提到西斯廷教堂的壁畫是想說明對(duì)于畫匠而言，每次都調(diào)配出一模一樣的顏色是很困難的。故選D?！?0題詳析】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“Frescoaseccorequiressomethingtobeaddedtothepainttomakeitsticktothedryplaster.Thistechniqueissometimesusedtorepairabuonfrescothathasbeendamaged,althoughthecolorsaregenerallynotasbright.However,somecolorsactuallyworkedbetterwiththefrescoasecco.DuringtheRenaissanceperiod,theavailablepigmentsforcreatingbluedidnotmixwellwithwetplaster;forthisreason,skies,water,andblueclothingsometimeswerepaintedasseccofrescoesafterthebuonfrescohaddried.(干壁畫需要在油漆中添加一些東西，使其粘在干燥的石膏上。這種技術(shù)有時(shí)用于修復(fù)損壞的彩繪壁畫，不過顏色通常不那么鮮艷。然而，有些顏色實(shí)際上更適合干壁畫。在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，用于創(chuàng)造藍(lán)色的顏料不能很好地與濕石膏混合；由于這個(gè)原因，天空、水和藍(lán)色的衣服有時(shí)會(huì)在彩繪壁畫干燥后被畫成干壁畫。)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是干壁畫技法的特點(diǎn)和用法。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“In1997,thefrescoesbyGiottodiBondoneintheBasilicaofSt.FrancisinAssisi,Italyweredamagedinanearthquake.150restorers,ofwhommostarevolunteers,spentfiveyearsgathering60,000piecesthattheycouldfindandsetthembackintoplace,muchlikeapuzzle,althoughabout35percentofthefrescoremainsincomplete.(1997年，意大利阿西西圣弗朗西斯大教堂的喬托·迪·邦多納的壁畫在地震中受損。150名修復(fù)者，其中大多數(shù)是志愿者，花了五年時(shí)間收集了6萬件他們能找到的碎片，并把它們放回原位，就像拼圖一樣，不過大約35%的壁畫仍然不完整。)

”可知，修復(fù)喬托在圣弗朗西斯大教堂的壁畫的過程“費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力”。故選D。DNottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople’snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinsandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.Eveninverylargecities,peoplemaintainclosesocialtieswithinsmall,privatesocialworlds.Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.Yetcitydwellerscompensatebydevelopingfriendshipswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterestsandactivities.Urbanismmayproduceadifferentstyleoflife,butthequalityoflifedoesnotdifferbetweentownandcity.Norareresidentsoflargecommunitiesanylikeliertodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstressoralienation,afeelingofnotbelonging,thanareresidentsofsmallercommunities.However,citydwellersdoworrymoreaboutcrime,andthisleadsthemtoadistrustofstrangers.Thesefindingsdonotimplythaturbanismmakeslittleornodifference.Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.Moreover,asWirthsuggested,theremaybealinkbetweenacommunity’spopulationsizeanditssocialheterogeneity(多樣性).Forinstance,sociologistshavefoundmuchevidencethatthesizeofacommunityisassociatedwithbadbehaviorincludinggambling,drugs,etc.Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitan(見多識(shí)廣的)outlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.Everythingconsidered,heterogeneityandunusualbehaviorseemtobeoutcomesoflargepopulationsize.12.Accordingtoparagraph1,itwasonceacommonbeliefthatpeopleinmodernsociety________.A.tendedtoacquaintthemselveswithpeoplepassingby.B.usuallyhadmorefriendsthansmall-townresidents.C.boregreatresponsibilitiestoneighborsandrelatives.D.couldnotdevelopverycloserelationshipswithothers.13.Oneoftheconsequencesofurbanismisthatthecityresidents________.A.lowerthequalityofrelationships.B.showlittleconcernforstrangers.C.sufferfromthelackoffriendship.D.becomesuspiciousofeachother.14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthebiggeracommunityis________.A.themorelikelyitistodisplaystress.B.themoreopen-mindedpeopleare.C.themoresimilaritsinterestsare.D.thebetteritsqualityoflifeis.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Minordifferencesintheinterpersonalrelationsbetweencitiesandtowns.B.Thepositiverolethaturbanismhasbeenplayinginourmodernsociety.C.Advantagesanddisadvantagesoflivinginbigcitiesorsmalltowns.D.Thestrongfeelingofalienationthatcityinhabitantsaresuffering.——★參考答案★——12.D13.B14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講的是城市與小鎮(zhèn)人際關(guān)系的微小區(qū)別?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Nottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople’snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinsandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.(幾十年前，在大眾和社會(huì)學(xué)家看來，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)已經(jīng)改變了人們的自然關(guān)系，放松了他們對(duì)親戚和鄰居的責(zé)任，用過路的熟人代替了表面的關(guān)系，這似乎是“顯而易見的”。)”可知，一般大眾與社會(huì)學(xué)家都認(rèn)為親人、鄰居之間的關(guān)系變得淡薄，只與一些普通的熟人打交道，故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.(小城鎮(zhèn)的居民比大城市的居民親屬關(guān)系更緊密。)”和第三段中“Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.(如果鄰居之間互不相識(shí)，他們就不太可能為住在隔壁的老夫婦清掃人行道，也不太可能留意年輕的搗亂分子。)”可知，城市居民相對(duì)小鎮(zhèn)居民不夠關(guān)心他人，故選B。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitan(見多識(shí)廣的)outlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.(大城市的都市人也比小城鎮(zhèn)的都市人更有可能具有世界主義的觀點(diǎn)，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的親屬角色表現(xiàn)出較少的責(zé)任感，投票給左翼政治候選人，對(duì)非傳統(tǒng)宗教團(tuán)體、不受歡迎的政治團(tuán)體和所謂的不受歡迎的人更寬容。)”可知，城市居民比小鎮(zhèn)居民更見多識(shí)廣，更支持左翼政治候選人，更能寬容非傳統(tǒng)的宗教團(tuán)體等，這說明他們思想更開放，故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。本文第一段是中心段“However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.(然而，近年來，越來越多的研究表明，“顯而易見”的事實(shí)并非如此。似乎如果你是一個(gè)城市居民，你認(rèn)識(shí)的鄰居比例通常比你是一個(gè)小社區(qū)的居民要小。但在大多數(shù)情況下，這一事實(shí)幾乎沒有什么重大后果。這并不是說如果你不認(rèn)識(shí)你的鄰居，你就不認(rèn)識(shí)其他人。)”可知，本文講的是城市與小鎮(zhèn)人際關(guān)系的微小區(qū)別，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BenefitsofReadingNonfictionBooksCanyourememberthelastpieceofnonfictionthatyouread?____16____Nonfictioniseverywhere!Whetherit’sfollowingarecipe;readingstreetsigns,orreadingthelatestnewsarticle,we’rereadingnonfictioneverysingleday.Researchsaysnonfictionreadingpromotesstudentsuccess.Readingnonfictionhelpsstudentsdevelopimportantskillsbothinandoutoftheclassroom.?Nonfictionhelpsstudentsmakereal-lifeconnections.____17____Thisprovidesteacherswithnaturalopportunitiestoextendlearningbeyondthepagesofthehook.Forexample,teachersmayputoutbooksrelatedtocavingforapetbeforegettingaclasspetsothatstudentscanapplywhatthey’velearned.?____18____Whenreadingnonfiction,studentsmustuseananalyticalapproachtogatherinformation,identifykeyconcepts,andcomprehendwhattheyread.Studentsalsolearnvaluableresearchandinvestigativeskillsastheyinteractwithnonfiction.?Nonfictionbuildsvocabularyandlanguageskills.High-qualitynonfictionwillintroducenewwordswithvisualstosupportcomprehension.Often,nonfictionbookscontainfeatures,likeaglossary(術(shù)語表),forstudentstoreferencevocabularywordsandtheirdefinitions.____19____.?Nonfictioninspiresareader’scuriosity.____20____In“InterestMatters:TheImportanceofPromotingInterestinEducation”,JudithM.Harackiewiczwrites,“Interestisapowerfulmotivationalprocessthatenergizeslearning,guidesacademicandcareertrajectories(軌跡),andisessentialtoacademicsuccess.”A.Nonfictionenhancesacademicprogress.B.Nonfictionpromotescriticalthinkingskills.C.Notificationmightbedifficulttounderstandforsome.D.Teacherscanusenonfictiontoinspiretheirstudents’interests.E.Noneedtotireyourbrainforthetitleofahistorybookortextbook.F.Nonfictionbookssharefactsthatcanbuildstudents’priorknowledge.G.ThisishelpfulforEnglishlanguagelearnersastheybuildtheiracademicvocabulary.——★參考答案★——16.E17.F18.B19.G20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學(xué)生閱讀非虛構(gòu)作品的益處。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Canyourememberthelastpieceofnonfictionthatyouread?(你還記得你讀過的最后一篇非虛構(gòu)作品嗎？)”為問句。設(shè)空處所填內(nèi)容應(yīng)能回答該問題。E項(xiàng)“Noneedtotireyourbrainforthetitleofahistorybookortextbook.(沒有必要為了歷史書或教科書的標(biāo)題而絞盡腦汁)”符合文意，而下文“Nonfictioniseverywhere!(非虛構(gòu)作品無處不在)”是對(duì)上文的進(jìn)一步說明。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】設(shè)空位于段首，應(yīng)是本段中心句，根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“?Nonfictionhelpsstudentsmakereal-lifeconnections.(?非小說類幫助學(xué)生建立現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的聯(lián)系。)”可知，本段主要講述了非虛構(gòu)作品幫助學(xué)生建立現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的聯(lián)系；F項(xiàng)“Nonfictionbookssharefactsthatcanbuildstudents’priorknowledge.(非小說類書籍分享的事實(shí)可以建立學(xué)生的先驗(yàn)知識(shí))”指出非小說類書籍分享的事實(shí)可以幫助學(xué)生提前獲得知識(shí)；下文“Thisprovidesteacherswithnaturalopportunitiestoextendlearningbeyondthepagesofthehook.(這為教師提供了自然的機(jī)會(huì)，將學(xué)習(xí)延伸到書本之外。)”承接F選項(xiàng)，闡述學(xué)生獲得先驗(yàn)知識(shí)為教師提供了將學(xué)習(xí)延伸到書本之外的機(jī)會(huì)，下文中的“This”指代F選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】空處為本段小標(biāo)題，是對(duì)本段的高度概括；根據(jù)后文“Whenreadingnonfiction,studentsmustuseananalyticalapproachtogatherinformation,identifykeyconcepts,andcomprehendwhattheyread.Studentsalsolearnvaluableresearchandinvestigativeskillsastheyinteractwithnonfiction.(在閱讀非虛構(gòu)作品時(shí)，學(xué)生必須運(yùn)用分析的方法來收集信息，識(shí)別關(guān)鍵概念，并理解他們所閱讀的內(nèi)容。學(xué)生們?cè)谂c非小說類作品互動(dòng)的過程中也能學(xué)到有價(jià)值的研究和調(diào)查技能)”可知，本段主要講述了學(xué)生在閱讀非虛構(gòu)作品時(shí)能學(xué)到有價(jià)值的研究和調(diào)查技能，所以B項(xiàng)“Nonfictionpromotescriticalthinkingskills.(非小說類作品能提升批判性思維能力)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為本段小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】設(shè)空位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“High-qualitynonfictionwillintroducenewwordswithvisualstosupportcomprehension.Often,nonfictionbookscontainfeatures,likeaglossary(術(shù)語表),forstudentstoreferencevocabularywordsandtheirdefinitions.(高質(zhì)量的非小說類文章會(huì)引入帶有視覺效果的新詞，以幫助理解。通常，非小說類書籍包含一些功能，比如詞匯表，供學(xué)生參考詞匯及其定義)”可知，此處講述非小說類文章可以培養(yǎng)詞匯量和語言技能，所以G項(xiàng)“ThisishelpfulforEnglishlanguagelearnersastheybuildtheiracademicvocabulary.(這對(duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)者建立學(xué)術(shù)詞匯很有幫助)”符合文意，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】設(shè)空位于段首，應(yīng)是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“In“InterestMatters:TheImportanceofPromotingInterestinEducation”,JudithM.Harackiewiczwrites,“Interestisapowerfulmotivationalprocessthatenergizeslearning,guidesacademicandcareertrajectories(軌跡),andisessentialtoacademicsuccess.”(在《興趣問題：提高教育興趣的重要性》一書中，JudithM.Harackiewicz寫道：‘興趣是一種強(qiáng)大的激勵(lì)過程，它能激勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)和職業(yè)軌跡，對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)成功至關(guān)重要?！?”可知，本段主要講述了非虛構(gòu)類作品能激發(fā)讀者的好奇心與興趣，所以D項(xiàng)“Teacherscanusenonfictiontoinspiretheirstudents’interests.(教師可以用非虛構(gòu)作品來激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣)”符合本段主題，所以D項(xiàng)為本段中心句。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I’veneverbeenmuchofajogger,butmightImakeadecentplogger?“Plogging”isa(n)____21____of“plockaupp”with“jogga”,theSwedishfor“pickup”and“jog”.Theideaisthatyou____22____litterwhileoutrunningandthe____23____hasbeengrowinginpopularityinSweden.“It’sgoodforb