2024新版英語(yǔ)2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

英語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)定義

表示在的過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句式變化1.陳述句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他Isawtherianbowyesterday.我昨天看到了彩虹。TheywenttoheparklastSunday.上周日他們?nèi)チ斯珗@。Bengotupatsixthismorning.本今天早上是六點(diǎn)起床的。2.一般疑問(wèn)句1）將be動(dòng)詞提到句首陳述句：Itwasaneggyesterday.它昨天還是一個(gè)蛋。一般疑問(wèn)句：Wasitaneggyesterday？它昨天還是一個(gè)蛋嗎？陳述句：Theywereatschooljustnow.他們剛才還在學(xué)校。一般疑問(wèn)句：Weretheyatschooljustnow？他們剛才還在學(xué)校嗎？Linda老師的小提醒主語(yǔ)是第一人稱和第二人稱的句子，其過(guò)去時(shí)變化時(shí)，要注意be動(dòng)詞的變化。一般疑問(wèn)句：Wereyouathomelastnight？你昨天晚上在家嗎？肯定回答：Yes，Iwas.否定回答：No，Iwasn't.2）用助動(dòng)詞did陳述句：Ididmyhomeworkatschool，我在學(xué)校做了作業(yè)。一般疑問(wèn)句：Didyoudoyourhomeworkatschool？你在學(xué)校做作業(yè)了嗎？陳述句：Theyplayedbasketballjustnow.他們剛才打了籃球。一般疑問(wèn)句：Didtheyplaybasketballjustnow？他們剛才打籃球了嗎？小提醒由過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的陳述句變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，變化技巧上可以用拆分法，將動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式拆分為did+動(dòng)詞原形，然后將did提到句首，這樣就不容易發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤。Hesleptawholeday.他睡了一整天。第一步：先將slept拆分為didsleep第二步：將did提到句首變成：Didhesleepawholeday？他睡了一整天嗎？3.否定句1）在be動(dòng)詞后面+not陳述句：Iwasateachertwentyyearsago.我20年前是一名老師。否定句：Iwasnotateachertwentyyearsago.我20年前不是一名老師。陳述句：Wewereintheshopbeforetwoo'clock.我們兩點(diǎn)前在店里。否定句：Wewerenotintheshopbeforetwoo'clock.我們兩點(diǎn)前不在店里。小提醒wasnot可以縮寫成wasn't；werenot可以縮寫成weren't。2）在動(dòng)詞前+didn't，動(dòng)詞變?cè)侮愂鼍洌篒didmyhomeworkatschool.我在學(xué)校做了作業(yè)。否定句：Ididn'tdomyhomeworkatschool.我沒(méi)有在學(xué)校做作業(yè)。陳述句：Theyplayedbasketballjustnow.他們剛才打了籃球。否定句：Theydidn'tplaybasketballjustnow.他們剛才沒(méi)打籃球。小提醒:由過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的陳述句變否定句時(shí)，同樣可以用拆分法，將動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式拆分為did+動(dòng)詞原形，然后在did后面+not，可縮寫成didn’t。Itdugahole.它挖了一個(gè)洞。第一步：先將dug拆分為diddig；第二步：在did后面+not，可縮寫成didn’t變成：Itdidn’tdigahole.它沒(méi)有挖一個(gè)洞。4.特殊疑問(wèn)句（針對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提問(wèn)）特殊疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？1）針對(duì)動(dòng)詞提問(wèn)WhatdidMikedothismorning？邁克今天早晨做了什么？Whatdidyoudoyesterday？你昨天做了什么？2）針對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)Wheredidtheycook？他們?cè)谀睦镒隽孙?？Wheredidheplaybadminton？他是在哪里打羽毛球？3）針對(duì)方式提問(wèn)Howdidtheygotoschool？他們是怎么去學(xué)校的？Howdidhegettothezoo？他是怎么到動(dòng)物園的？4）針對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)Whendidhegetup？他是幾點(diǎn)起床的？Whattimedidyouhavethefirstclass？你幾點(diǎn)開始上第一節(jié)課？5）針對(duì)動(dòng)詞的對(duì)象提問(wèn)Whatdidshedraw？她畫了什么？Whatdidhetellyou？他告訴了你什么？小提醒★一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一般會(huì)與一些表示時(shí)間的詞或短語(yǔ)連用。yesterday…（昨天……)：yesterdaymorning昨天早上；yesterdayevening昨天傍晚last…（上一個(gè)……):lastnight昨夜；lastSunday上周日；lastmonth上個(gè)月…ago（……以前）longlongago很久很久以前;

twomonthsago兩個(gè)月以前before...（......之前）beforetwohours兩個(gè)小時(shí)前justnow剛才★一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)也可用于過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？膳coften，usually，always等連用。Sheoftencookeddinnerlastsummerholiday.她去年暑假經(jīng)常自己做晚餐?！锶绻呛衎e動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)陳述句，在變成特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，以特殊疑問(wèn)詞為開頭，并替換畫線部分，后面跟上原句的一般疑問(wèn)句即可。陳述句：Hewasintheclassroomjustnow.他剛才在教室里。特殊疑問(wèn)句：Wherewashejustnow？他剛才在哪兒？陳述句：TheywerehappylastSunday.他們上周日很開心。特殊疑問(wèn)句：HowweretheylastSunday？他們上周日過(guò)得怎樣？標(biāo)志詞

yesterday昨天(yesterday+時(shí)間

last+時(shí)間)

ago之前

before在….之前

thedaybeforeyesterday前天

justnow剛才

in+時(shí)間（in1990）......

動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)變化規(guī)律

⑴一般情況直接在詞尾加+ed，

如：cook-cookedwash-washed

⑵以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾+d

如：like-likedlive-lived

⑶以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母再在詞尾+ed

如：stop-stopped

shop-shopped

plan-planned計(jì)劃

⑷以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要改y為i再加ed

如：study-studiedcarry-carried運(yùn)送，搬運(yùn)

另外須記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)變形。（附：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化表）

1.改變動(dòng)詞中的元音：

begin→began

drink→drank

come→came

eat→ate

grow→grew

run→ran

know→knew

win→won

speak→spoke

take→took

write→wrote

get→got

2.變?cè)~尾的–d

為t:build→built

lend→lent

send→sent

spend→spent

bend→bent

3.與動(dòng)詞原形一樣：cut→cutput→put

cost→cost

hurt→hurt

shut→shut

4.變-ay為-aid(少數(shù)動(dòng)詞)：

say→said

pay→paid

lay→laid

5.采用不同詞根：

sell→sold

teach→taught

buy→bought

6.其他。如：am/is→was

are→werehave/has→haddo→did

一般過(guò)去時(shí)的做題步驟：

⑴先找到句子中表示一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。

⑵確定句子的動(dòng)詞是用be動(dòng)詞還是行為動(dòng)詞。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

1.am／is_____

2.do____

3.go________

4.have_______

5.isn’t_________

6.aren’t________

7.spend________

8.cook_______

9.read________10.clean_______

11.live_____

12.study_________二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.We_________(enjoy)ourselvesatthepartylastnight.

2.Jack____________(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.

3._______you______(go)totheGreatWalllastyear?

4.Whatday_______(be)ityesterday?

5.Theoldman_______(be)illandwenttoseeadoctor.

6.We________(have)apartylastnight.

7.We__________(visit)themuseumandwenthome.

8.—How_______(be)thestudents?—Theywereveryfriendly.

9.Heoften_______(have)supperathome.Todayhe______(have)supperatschool.

10.—______he_______(have)lunchatnine?—No,hedidn’t.

11.They_________(buy)aguitaryesterday.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Hecameherelastmonth.(改為否定句)

He_______

_______herelastmonth.

2.Theyplayedfootballthismorning.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作簡(jiǎn)略回答)

—______they_______footballthismorning?

—Yes,they_______.／No,they_________.

3.TheywenttoBeijing

lastyear.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))

__________________they________lastyear.

4.TomwatchedTVlastnight.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

_______Tom_______TVlastnight?

5.Marydoeshomeworkeveryday.(用lastnight改寫句子)

Mary________

____________

_________

________.

參考答案：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

1.was

2.did

3.went4.

had

5.wasn’t

6.weren’t

7.spent8.

cooked9.

read

10.cleaned

11.lived

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