人教版2019高中英語新教材必修一Unit3單詞詳解

人教版高中英語新教材必修一Unit

3fitness/?f?tn?s/

n. 健康;

健壯；適合improveone’fitness增進(jìn)健康sad+ness=sadnesslonely+ness=loneliness派生：fitadj.健康的適合的v.合身Keepfit=keephealthysoccer

/?s?k?(r)/

n.

足球；足球運(yùn)動(dòng)stadium

/?ste?di?m/

n.

(pl.stadiumsorstadia)體育場;

運(yùn)動(dòng)場boxing

/?b?ks??/

n.

拳擊(運(yùn)動(dòng))badminton

/?b?dm?nt?n/

n.

羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)event

/??vent/

n.

比賽項(xiàng)目；大事；公開活動(dòng)sportingevents體育賽事辨析：event重大事情accident強(qiáng)調(diào)意外incident小事情ealong

跟隨；到達(dá)；進(jìn)步；趕快拓展：eabout發(fā)生產(chǎn)生eup破土而出eupwith提出eout出版ski

/ski:/

adj.

滑雪的

vi.滑雪host

/h??st/

vt.

主辦；主持

n.主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人hostess女主人；女主持人track

/tr?k/

n.

跑道；足跡；鐵路軌道

vt.&vi.

追蹤;

跟蹤tracksthdown追查到某物trackandfield

田徑gym

/d??m/

n.

健身房;

體育館

gymnastics

/d??m?n?st?ks/

n.

體操(訓(xùn)練)workout

鍛煉；計(jì)算出；解決A.鍛煉 B.制訂出C.產(chǎn)生……的結(jié)果 D.解決1．Neithertheteachernorhisstudentsknewhowtoworkouttheproblem.__D__2．Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.__B__3．What'smore,themoreyouworkout,thehealthieryouwillbee.__A__4．Althoughitwasahardtimeandthingsweretightforeverybody,Bernard'sbusinessworkedoutquitewell.__C__相關(guān)短語：workas從事workfor為…工作sweat

/swet/

vt. 使出汗；出汗弄濕

vi.出汗；流汗

n.

汗水;

出汗派生：sweatyadj.出汗的makeit

獲得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)legend /?led??nd/

n. 傳奇故事(或人物)；傳說athlete

/??θli:t/

n.

運(yùn)動(dòng)員；運(yùn)動(dòng)健兒派生：athleticadj.體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的master

/?mɑ:st?(r)/

n.

高手;

主人

vt.

精通；掌握beone’sownmaster自己做主masteranewlanguage掌握一門新語言setanexample

樹立榜樣honour

/??n?(r)/

n. 榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸(1)behonouredfor... 因……而受到尊敬behonouredas... 被尊為……be/feelhonouredtodosth 做某事感到榮幸(2)It'sanhonourforsbtodosth 對(duì)某人來說做某事很榮幸feelitanhonourtodosth 為做某事感到榮幸inhonourof... 向……表示敬意；為紀(jì)念……inmemoryof 為紀(jì)念……(3)honourableadj. 可敬的；榮譽(yù)的單句語法填空①Thankstothem,afamilywassavedfromthefire.Grantandthepolicemanwerehonoured(honour)fortheircourage.②Lastbutnotleast,Ifeelitagreathonourto_represent(represent)myclasstotakepartinthegroupdancingpetition.③WiththeDragonBoatFestivalapproaching,weareplanningtoholdadragonboatrace_in_honour_of/in_memory_of_the_famous_poet(為了紀(jì)念著名詩人),QuYuan.一句多譯④應(yīng)邀給你們做關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化的講座我深感榮幸?！鶬_feel_highly_honoured_to_be_invited_togiveyoualectureontraditionalChineseculture.→It_is_a_great_honour_for_me_to_be_invited_to_giveyoualectureontraditionalChineseculture.glory /?gl?:ri/

n. 榮譽(yù)；光榮；贊美派生：gloriousadj.光榮的輝煌的medal

/?medl/

n.

獎(jiǎng)?wù)?

勛章championship/?t??mpi?n??p/

n.

錦標(biāo)賽;

冠軍賽；冠軍稱號(hào)champion

/?t??mpi?n/

n.

冠軍;

優(yōu)勝者determination

/d??t?:m??ne??n/

n.

決心；決定派生：determinev.決定determinedadj.決心堅(jiān)定的bedeterminedtodo決心做某事(1)withdetermination 堅(jiān)決地(2)determinevt. 決定；確定；下定決心determineon/upon 決定determinetodosth 決定做某事bedeterminedby 由……決定(3)determinedadj. 堅(jiān)決的；有決心的bedeterminedtodosth 決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))單句語法填空①Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination(determine)．②Ihavedeterminedon/uponworkingasavolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.③Hedeterminedto_work(work)twiceashardasbeforetomakeupforthelosttime.④Thedetermined(determine)lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.句式升級(jí)⑤I'mdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI'moccupiedinpreparingforit.→Determined_to_perform_well_in_the_final_exam,_I'moccupiedinpreparingforit.(分詞短語作狀語)apart

/??pa:t/

adv. 分離；分開；成碎片fallapart 破裂；破碎；崩潰injure /??nd??(r)/

vt.

使受傷；損害injured /??nd??d/

adj.

受傷的；有傷的injury

/??nd??ri/

n.

傷害；損傷theinjured 傷員doaninjurytosb 傷害某人單句語法填空①Thecaptainpretendedto_have_been_injured(injure),whichbroughthimayellow-cardwarning.②Someoftheinjured(injure)whoareincriticalconditionarebeingtreatedinahospital.③Inthepastseveralyears,youhavethepressureandpain.Idonotwantyoutogetanyfurtherinjury(injure)．微寫作④盡管腿受了傷，他還是決心跑完馬拉松。Though_injured_in_the_leg,_hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.captain

/?k?pt?n/

n.

(運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì))隊(duì)長；船長；機(jī)長派生：champion冠軍ship詞綴表示抽象意思friend+ship=friendshiprelation+ship=relationshiploseheart 喪失信心；泄氣graceful /?gre?sfl/

adj.

優(yōu)美的；優(yōu)雅的派生：gracen.優(yōu)雅strength

/stre?θ/

n. 力量；體力Besides,Chinesehasalwaysbeenmystrengthamongallthesubjects.此外，語文一直是我所有課程中的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)。 strongadj.強(qiáng)壯的strengthent.&vi. 加強(qiáng)；鞏固mentalstrength精神力量havethestrengthtodosth 有力量做某事buildupone'sstrength/body 增強(qiáng)某人的體力strength(s)andweakness(es) 優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)withallone'sstrength 用盡全力[練透]單句語法填空①Asagoodteacher,youshouldknowyourstudents'strengths(strength)andweaknesses.②Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrength(strong)havehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.③Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthen(strong)newmemories.④為了強(qiáng)身健體，我們經(jīng)常組織各種各樣的活動(dòng)，例如：打籃球、乒乓球等。To_build_up_our_strength_and_healthy_body,_weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketball,tabletennis,etc.failure

/?fe?lj?(r)/

n.

失??；失敗的人(或事物)learnfromfailure從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)派生：failv.失敗failtodosth沒能成功做某事giveup 放棄；投降givein 屈服，投降giveout 分發(fā)；用光；精疲力竭giveaway 贈(zèng)送；泄露giveoff 散發(fā)(光、熱等)givewayto 給……讓路單句語法填空①Althoughtheirstrengthwasgivingout,_noparticipantsgaveuphalfway.②Ifapersonhasnothadenoughsleepinthenight,hisactionswillgivehimawayduringtheday.③Bicyclesareenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheywon'tgiveoffwastegas.pete

/k?m?pi:t/

vi.

競爭；對(duì)抗派生：petitionn.競爭；競賽petefor爭搶petewith與……競爭(1)petein參加……比賽petewith 與……競爭petefor 為……而競爭petewith/against...for... 為爭取……而與……競爭(2)petitionn. 比賽；競爭petitiveadj. 競爭的；有競爭力的petitorn. 競爭者；對(duì)手；參賽者[練透]單句語法填空①Topetemoreeffectivelywith_others,moreandmorepeopleequipthemselveswithahighereducation.②Astheyoungestpetitor(pete),Johnwillpetein_thewritingcontestagainstothersfortheannualawardofwriting.③OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralpetition(pete)heldlastMonday.[聯(lián)想]“參加”知多少participatein②takepartin③joininmakesense

有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚sthmakesensesbmakesenseofsthitmakessensetodosthpretend

/pr??tend/

vi.&vt.假裝；裝扮pretendtodosth

假裝做某事pretendtobedoingsth假裝正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth假裝已經(jīng)做了某事單句語法填空①Thenaughtyboypretendedto_be_reading(read)whentheheadmastercameintotheclassroom.②HedecidedtohelpmebutIpretendedto_have_finished(finish)myjobalready.一句多譯③我在街上見到她時(shí)，她裝作不認(rèn)識(shí)我，這使我很傷心?！鶶hepretended_(that)_she_didn't_know_mewhenwemetinthestreet,whichmademeupset.(賓語從句)→Shepretended_not_to_know_mewhenwemetinthestreet,makingmedepressed.(動(dòng)詞不定式)evenif/though

即使；雖然asif\though彷佛，好像million

/?m?lj?n

/

num.

一百萬millionsof數(shù)百萬的cheat

/t?i:t/

vi. 作弊；舞弊vt.

欺騙；蒙騙

n.

欺騙手段；騙子cheatsb.(out)ofsth.騙某人某物feelcheated感到被騙cheatin在……中作弊audience

/???di?ns

/

n.

觀眾；聽眾positive

/?p?z?t?v/

adj.

積極的；正面的；樂觀的；肯定的反：negativeadj.消極的；悲觀的bepositiveabout對(duì)……樂觀的slim

/sl?m/

adj.

苗條的；單薄的keepslim保持苗條diet

/?da??t/

n. 規(guī)定飲食；日常飲食

vi.節(jié)食abalanced/healthydiet均衡的／健康的飲食be/goonadiet節(jié)食makeadifference 有作用或影響makeadifferenceto... 對(duì)……有作用/有影響makesome/no/littledifference(to...) (對(duì)……)有一些/沒有/極小作用或影響tellthedifference(between...and...) 辨別/區(qū)分(……與……)的不同bedifferentfrom...in... 與……在……方面不同單句語法填空①Evenifitisasmallthing,itcouldstillmakemuchdifference_totheenvironment.②Thetwinsaresoalike;it'sdifficulttotellthedifference(differ)betweenthem.③Thoughwepletelydifferfromeachotherincharacter,wearestillgreatfriends.rather

/?rɑ:e?(r)/

adv.

相當(dāng)；有點(diǎn)兒ratherthan

而不是prefertodo…ratherthando…寧愿做某事而不愿做另一件事=woulddosthratherthandosthotherthan除了……外morethan多于；不僅僅；非常單句語法填空①Thefatherratherthanthebrothersis(be)responsiblefortheaccident.②Facingyourproblemsratherthanpretending(pretend)nottoseethemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.[寫美]一句多譯③家里每個(gè)成員寧愿努力工作也不愿去抱怨和放棄。→Everymemberofthefamilywould_work_hard_rather_thanplain_and_give_up．(woulddo...ratherthando...)→Everymemberofthefamilywould_rather_work_hard_thanplain_and_give_up．(wouldratherdo...thando...)→Everymemberofthefamilyprefers_to_work_hard_rather_than_plain_andgive_up．(prefertodo...ratherthando)[用準(zhǔn)](1)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞保持一致。(2)ratherthan前后連接的詞的詞性通常是一致的。(3)ratherthan后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式通常和前面動(dòng)詞的形式一致。pushup /?p???p/

n.

俯臥撐cut

...out

停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下nowandthen 有時(shí)；偶爾pare

…with/to

…

與…比較jog

/d??g/

vi.

慢跑

n.慢跑stress

/stres/

n.

壓力；緊張；重音

vt.

強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安

vi.焦慮不安(1)understress在壓力之下put/laystressonsth 強(qiáng)調(diào)某事befullofstress充滿壓力reducestress減輕壓力(2)stresstheimportanceof... 強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性劉老師經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)好英語的重要性，這對(duì)我有很大的影響。MrLiuoftenstresses_the_importance_of_learning_English_well,_whichhasagreatimpactonme.(3)stressedadj. 感到有壓力的stressfuladj. 充滿壓力的單句語法填空①Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.②Duetothefastrhythmofmodernlife,moreandmorepeoplearelivingundergreatstress.③IthinkI'vegotoneofthemoststressful(stress)jobsthere.