2023-2024學(xué)年山東省濟(jì)寧市高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)1月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

英語試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇

題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無

效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題海小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

There'salmostalwayssomethingspecialhappeningatDisneylandinsouthernCalifornia.Here'swhatguests

shouldknowaboutvisitingDisneylandfor2024.

?Events

LunarNewYearCelebration

Mushu,acharacterfromDisney'sanimatedfilmMulan,willhelpguideintheYearoftheDragonbyleading

Mulan'sLunarNewYearProcession.Visitors,especiallychildren,candressupascharactersfromMulantojoinit.

Dates:Jan,23—Feb.18

PixarFest

Itisbackwithanewdaytimeparade（游行）：APixarPalsCelebration!NewcharacterslikeRedPandaMei

fromTurningRedwillarriveintheparks.Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-themed

treatsatanewlyopenedcafe.

Dates:Feb.26—Aug.4

FantasylandMelodies

Theheadlinersforthisyear'sconcertsareMarvinSappandTashaCobbsLeonard.Theaward-winning

musicianswillbejoinedbylocalcommunitychoirsatDisneyland'sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshops

highlightingvarioustypesofmusicwillbeafeastforears.

Dates:Feb.l7—Apr.24

SeasonoftheForce

Newadventureswilltakeguestsonathrillingjourneythroughspacetravelaboardaspacecraft.Visitorswill

viewthepark'sfireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.Buyinglimited-editionsouvenirsenablesfanstotakea

pieceofspacebackhomewiththem.

Dates:Apr.5—Sep.2

?Prices

AgeCoat

Under3Krcc

3-9$80(30KO((fromJnn.RtoMar.10)

10andabove$104

1.Whicheventappealstofoodiesmost?

A.LunarNewYearCelebration.

B.PixarFest.

C.FantasylandMelodies.

DSeasonoftheForce.

2.WhatdoFantasylandMelodiesandSeasonoftheForcehaveincommon?

A.Theysellraresouvenirs.

B.Theyhavefireworkshows.

C.Theyfeaturecartoonheroes.

D.Theyincludemusicalelements.

3.Whatistheminimumcostfbracouplewitha5-year-oldtopayavisitonFeb.28?

A.$208.

B.$264.

C.$288.

D.$312.

【答案】l.B2.D3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2024年南加州的迪士尼樂園一些重大活動(dòng)的具體信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"PixarFest”中最后一句Diningoptionswillbeavailable,allowingguestsabiteofPixar-

themedtreatsatanewlyopenedcafe.w(食物選擇多樣，客人能在新開的咖啡館里品嘗皮克斯主題的美

食。)可知,PixarFest提供多種美食,最能吸引美食家前來。故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uFantasylandMelodicsn中4<Thcaward-winningmusicianswillbejoinedbylocal

communitychoirsatDisneyland'sFantasylandTheatre.Musicalworkshopshighlightingvarioustypesofmusic

willbeafeastforears.v（獲獎(jiǎng)音樂家將與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)合唱團(tuán)一起在迪士尼樂園的夢(mèng)幻樂園劇院演出。各種類

型音樂的音樂工作坊將是一場(chǎng)聽覺盛宴。）及“SeasonofiheForce”中“Visitorswillviewthepark's

fireworksandhearspecialgalacticmusic.w（游客們將觀賞公園的煙火，聆聽特別的銀河音樂。）可知，兩個(gè)

活動(dòng)都有音樂元素。故選D項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容可知，10歲及以上是104美元，3?9歲是80美元（從1月8日到3月10日，

降價(jià)30%）,故一對(duì)夫婦領(lǐng)著5歲的孩子在2月28日游覽需花104X2+80X0.7=264美元。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

WhenSusanMurabanawasacollegestudentvolunteeringwithCosmosEducation,anon-profitaimedat

improvingsciencelearningindevelopingcountries,shelookedthroughatelescopefortheveryfirsttime.

Suddenly,Saturn（土星）anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustanillustrationinatextbook;theywerereal

andtheexperiencewaspowerful.

WhiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhomecountryofKenya,andhelpingteach

youngchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,tobeasexposedtoastronomyas

childreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.

In2014,MurabanaandherhusbandDanielOwensetupthesocialenterpriseTravellingTelescope,an

educationalprogramdesignedforyoungchildreninunderservedandremotecomtrunities.Withjustatelescope

andamobileinflatableplanetarium（天文館）.theyaimtochangelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSaturn,

themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasicscienceandastrophysics.

“There'sasatisfactionyougetfromgoingtoaschool,talkingtothechildren,andseeingtheirreactionand

theiranticipation,''saidMurabana.€tA12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,41usedtothinkscientistslie,

butnowIbelieveinscience.'"Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,

establishesanawarenessoftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmore

objectively.

ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationfbrMurabana^work—fightingagainsttheperceptionheldbymost

KenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.Actuallyin2018theKenyaSpaceAgencylauncheditsfirstsatellite

intoorbitfromtheInternationalSpaceStation,andasatellitestationinMalindi,onthecoastofsoutheastern

Kenya,isusedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgencyfbrsatellitetracking.

Sofar,over400,000peoplehavelookedthroughtheTravellingTelescopeandthepairwanttoexpandtheir

impactbyreachingmoreschools.

4.WhenMurabanafirstobservedSatumthroughatelescope,shefelt.

A.puzzled

B.frightened

C.amazed

D.relaxed

5.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioninga12-year-oldboy?

A.ToillustratetheimpactofMurabana'sproject.

B.Tohighlightthesignificanceoftrustingscience.

C.Toshowcasehislackofastronomicalknowledge.

D.Todemonstratechildren'scuriosityaboutscience.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?

A.MostKenyanshaveagreatpassionforastronomy.

B.Murabana^workgotinspiredbyWesternscience.

C.Kenyahastakentheleadinsatellitelaunchingandtracking.

D.MostKenyansareunawareoftheircountry'sinvolvementinspaceresearch.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.BridgingCulturesbyVolunteering

B.AdvertisingTravellingTelescopeWorldwide

C.BreakingDownBarriersinScienceEducation

D.EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章介紹了蘇珊?穆拉巴納幫助肯尼亞的青年一代學(xué)習(xí)天文的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Suddenly,Satum（土星）anditsyellow-goldringsweremorethanjustan

illustrationinatextbook;theywererealandtheexperiencewaspowerful.（突然之間，土星和它的金色光環(huán)不僅

僅是教科書上的插圖；它們是真實(shí)的，這種經(jīng)歷是強(qiáng)大的。）”可知，蘇珊?穆拉巴納第一次用望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察

土星的時(shí)候是感到震驚的，驚奇的。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Withjustatelescopeandamobileinflatableplanetarium（天文館）,theyaimto

changelivesbygivingchildrenachancetoseeSatum,themoon,andvariousstars,whileteachingthembasic

scienceandastrophysics.（他們只需要一臺(tái)望遠(yuǎn)鏡和一個(gè)移動(dòng)充氣天文館，他們的目標(biāo)是通過給孩子們一個(gè)

看到土星、月球和各種恒星的機(jī)會(huì)來改變生活，同時(shí)教他們基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)和天體物理學(xué)。）”以及第四段““A

12-year-oldboyineasternKenyaeventoldus,iusedtothinkscientistslie,butnowIbelievein

science.'^Murabanabelievesastronomy,orevensimplytheactoflookingupatthesky,establishesanawareness

oftheneedtoprotectourplanetandhelpschildrenlookatourownplanetmuchmereobjectively.（"肯尼亞東部

一個(gè)12歲的男孩甚至告訴我們，'我以前認(rèn)為科學(xué)家在撒謊，但現(xiàn)在我相信科學(xué)。'"Murabana認(rèn)為，

天文學(xué)，甚至只是仰望天空的行為，建立了保護(hù)我們星球的意識(shí)，并幫助孩子們更客觀地看待我們自己的

星球。）”可知，提到小男孩是為了說明她項(xiàng)目的影響。故選A。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段"ThereisalsoamorepersonalmotivationforMurabana'swork—fightingagainst

theperceptionheldbymostKenyansthatastronomyisaWesternscience.（Murabana的工作還有一個(gè)更個(gè)人的

動(dòng)機(jī)——反對(duì)大多數(shù)肯尼亞人認(rèn)為天文學(xué)是西方科學(xué)的看法。）”可推知，肯尼亞人沒有意識(shí)到本國(guó)對(duì)于天

文學(xué)的參與。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Whiletravelingwiththeorganizationtoschoolsandvillagesinherhome

countryofKenya,andhelpingteachyoungchildren,sherealizedshewantedchildreninKenya,especiallygirls,to

beasexposedtoastronomyaschildreninthedevelopedcountrieswere.（在與該組織?起前往她的祖國(guó)肯尼亞

的學(xué)校和村莊，并幫助教育年幼的孩子時(shí)，她意識(shí)到她希望肯尼亞的孩子，尤其是女孩，能像發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的

孩子一樣接觸天文學(xué)。）”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文講述的是蘇珊?穆拉巴納幫助肯尼亞孩子學(xué)習(xí)天文學(xué)的

故事。D項(xiàng)“EmpoweringKenyanYouthThroughAstronomy（通過天文學(xué)賦予肯尼亞青年力量）”概括全

文，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

C

Morphobutterfliesaresomeofthemostbeautifulbutterfliesintheworld,thankstotheirshiningbluewings.

Now,anewmaterialinspiredbybutterflywingswasdevelopedbyresearchersfromShenzhenUniversityinChina.

Thismaterial,atypeofcoloredfilm,canhelpkeeptheobjectsitisattachedtocoolerthanthetemperaturearound

it.

Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsfbrcenturies.Anyobjectthatcontains

colorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprisingnumberofreal-world

issues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedforcoolingandrunningtheairconditionerinelectriccars

cangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.

Inordertocreateamaterialthatcouldavoidtheseissues,Dr.WanlinWangandhisteamlookedtonaturefor

inspiration,asisoftenthecaseinscienceresearch.Specifically,theylookedattheMorphobutterfly.Accordingto

NewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeofnanopariicles［納米級(jí)顆粒）arrangedina

particularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecolorasopposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemto

keepcool.

Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassivecoolingusingtheproperties

oflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeenwhiteorclear,whilethenew

filmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.

Inordertotesttheirnewmaterial,Wangandhisteamplacedsheetsoffilminvariouscolorsoncars,clothing,

cellphones,androofs,from9amto4pm,botliinwinterandsummer.Theydiscoveredthatthefilmsweremore

than59。Fcoolerinthewinterand95°Fcoolerinthesummer.

Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,butintruththepossibilitiesarc

endless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcampingtents,cool-lookingcomputersthat

don'toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautifulmorphobutterfly.

8.Whatisstressedinparagraph2?

A.Thecomplexityofcoolingdownbuildings.

B.Thenecessityofcreatingnewcoolingmaterials.

C.Theprinciplesofcolorandheatabsorption.

D.Theapplicationsoftherecentlydevelopedfilm.

9.Whatplaysakeyroleinhelpingthemorphobutterflykeepcool?

A.Itsuniqueshape.

B.Thepropertyoflightwaves.

C.Itsbrilliantcolor.

D.Thenanostructureofitswings.

10.Whatisspecialaboutthenewmaterial?

A.Itpioneerspassivecooling.B.Itisacoloredcoolingmaterial.

C.Itssizevarieswithtemperature.D.Itscreationisinspiredbynature.

11.Whichcanbestdescribetheprospectofthenewmaterial?

A.Uncertain.

B.Discouraging

C.Promising.

D.Risky.

【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了深圳大學(xué)的研究人員受到藍(lán)色Morph。蝴蝶翅膀的啟發(fā)，開發(fā)出一種新型

材料，這種彩色薄膜能夠使貼在物體上的表面比周圍溫度更涼爽。

【8題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段"Theproblemofcolorandtheabsorptionofheathastroubledscientistsforcenturies.

Anyobjectthatcontainscolorwillheatupfaster.Thissomewhatcomplexissuehasimplicationsforasurprising

numberofreal-worldissues.Inbuildings,largeamountsofenergyareusedfbrcoolingandrunningtheair

conditionerinelectriccarscangreatlyreducethedrivingrange.（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，顏色和熱量的吸收問題一直困

擾著科學(xué)家。任何含有顏色的物體都會(huì)更快地升溫。這個(gè)有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜的問題對(duì)許多現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題都有影

響。在建筑物中，大量的能源被用于冷卻，而在電動(dòng)汽車中運(yùn)行空調(diào)可以大大減少行駛里程）”可知，本段

主要講述了大量的能源因?yàn)椴牧显虮焕速M(fèi)，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)了創(chuàng)造新的冷卻材料的必要性。故選B項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"AccordingtoNewScientist,thewingsofthisbrilliantlybluebutterflyaremadeof

nanoparticles（納米級(jí)顆粒）arrangedinaparticularwaythatbendandbouncelightwavestocreatecoloras

opposedtoabsorbingthem.Thisallowsthemtokeepcool.（?《新科學(xué)家》報(bào)道，這種亮藍(lán)色蝴蝶的翅膀是由

納米粒子組成的，它們以一種特殊的方式排列，可以彎曲和反射光波，從而產(chǎn)生顏色，而不是吸收它們。

這可以讓它們保持涼爽）”可知，翅膀的納米結(jié)構(gòu)在幫助morph。butterfly保持涼爽方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。故

選D項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Wangandhisteamarenotthefirstteamtocreatematerialsthatallowforpassive

coolingusingthepropertiesoflight;however,theyarethefirsttodosoincolor.Allothermaterialshavebeen

whiteorclear,whilethenewfilmcomesinbrightblue,yellowandred.（王和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)并不是第一個(gè)利用光的特

性制迨被動(dòng)冷卻材料的團(tuán)隊(duì)：然而，他們是第一個(gè)使用彩色材料的團(tuán)隊(duì)。所有其他材料都是白色或透明

的，而新的薄膜有亮藍(lán)色、黃色和紅色）”可知，這種新材料的特別之處是它是一種有色冷卻材料。故選B

項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theirhopeisthateventuallythistypeoffilmwillbeusedtocoverelectriccars,

butintiuththepossibilitiesareendless:stainedglasswindowsthatkeepskyscraperscool,self-coolingcamping

tents,cool-lookingcomputersthatdon'toverheat,etc.Allofthesemayonedaybearealitythankstothebeautiful

morphobutterfly.（他們希望這種薄膜最終能被用于覆蓋電動(dòng)汽車，但事實(shí)上，這種薄膜的可能性是無窮無盡

的：讓摩天大樓保持涼爽的彩色玻璃窗、自冷的露營(yíng)帳篷、看起來很酷、不會(huì)過熱的電腦等等。有一天，

多虧了美麗的大閃蝶，這一切都可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)）”可知，這種新材料的可能性是無窮無盡的，所以是有前途

的。故選C項(xiàng)。

D

WhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessoratafancydinner.He

askedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics（遺傳學(xué)）ofchildhood

obesity（肥胖癥）.“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.44Yougivefatpeopleanexcuse.”

Theprofessor^replythrewme.Iwasabouttopushback,whenitoccurredtomethathisviewwassharedby

muchofsociety.Obesityisseenasaproblemofphysics;peoplejustneedtoeatlessandmovemore.Butalthough

howwegettoourbodyweightisreliantonphysics,therealquestioniswhy?Whydosomepeoplelovefood,

whilefbrothersit'ssimplyfuel?Besidespowerfulsocietalandculturalinfluences,therearcequallypowerful

geneticfactorsthatinfluenceoureating,andhenceourbodyweight.

Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfamillionadults,havehelpedto

revealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhoodobesitydatadonotexist.And

that'saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowintoadultswithobesity.Thus,

understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyroleinitstreatmentand

prevention.

Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoeverychild.Itaimstocreatea

trulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobe>ityisamajorcontributing

factor.D-CYPIIRisambitiousandwillfacechallengesincreatingatrulyinclusiveresearchsample.Dutifitdoes,

itwillcircumventmanyoftheproblemsinadulthealthresearchbybuildinginclusivityinfromthebeginning.

YoucanhelppioneernewtreatmentsfbrmillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthepowerhidinginyourDNA.

Now,anationwidemovementforages0-15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodoisspit（Pt）inalubeand

completeashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.

12.What'sthetonecarriedintheprofessor^reply?

A.Dismissive.

B.Sympathetic

C.Delighted.

D.Admiring

13.Whatisalimitationofthepreviousstudiesonobesity?

A.Limitedsizeofparticipants.B.Inaccuratesampleanalysis.

C.Lackofdataonchildhoodobesity.D.Failuretomapadults*geneticcode.

14.Whichisclosestinmeaningto^circumvenf'inparagraph4?

A.Discuss.

B.Face

C.Avoid

D.Create.

15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?

A.Tbcallforaction.

BTbdrawaconclusion.

C.lbsumupthetext.

D.Tbcriticizemisconduct.

【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。作者在劍橋遇到質(zhì)疑其肥胖癥遺傳學(xué)研究的教授，引發(fā)對(duì)肥胖癥背后復(fù)雜因素的

思考。文章將探討遺傳、文化和社會(huì)因素如何影響體重，并介紹D-CYPHR項(xiàng)目。呼吁參與研究，為肥胖

癥治療和預(yù)防做出貢獻(xiàn)。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasayoungpostdoctoralresearcheratCambridge,Imetabeardedprofessor

atafancydinner.Heaskedme,“Soyoungman,whatdoyoudo?”ItoldhimIwasworkingonthegenetics（遺傳

學(xué)）ofchildhoodobesity（肥胖癥）.“Ha!Doyouknowwhatyourproblemis?”hereplied.uYougivefatpeoplean

excuse."（當(dāng)我還是劍橋大學(xué)年輕的博士后研究員時(shí)，我在一次高檔晚宴上遇到了一位大胡子教授。他問

我：“年輕人，你是做什么的？"我告訴他，我正在研究?jī)和逝值倪z傳學(xué)?！肮?你知道你的問題是什么

嗎?”他回答說?！澳憬o了胖子一個(gè)借口?！埃笨芍?，教授認(rèn)為作者的研究給了胖子一個(gè)借口，教授不認(rèn)

可作者的研究，所以是輕蔑的的語氣。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Largepopulation-basedstudies,suchasUKBiobank,asurveyofnearlyhalfa

millionadults,havehelpedtorevealthegeneticarchitectureunderlyingdifferencesinbodysize.Butthechildhood

obesitydatadonotexist.Andthat'saproblem,becauseweknowthatchildrenwithobesityprobablywillgrowinto

adultswithobesity.Thus,understandingthegeneticsandnaturalhistoryofchildhoodobesitywillplayakeyrolein

itstreatmentandprevention.（大型人群研究，如英國(guó)生物銀行，一項(xiàng)對(duì)近50萬成年人的調(diào)查，有助于揭示體

型差異的基因結(jié)構(gòu)。但是兒童肥胖的數(shù)據(jù)并不存在。這是一個(gè)問題，因?yàn)槲覀冎阑加蟹逝职Y的兒童長(zhǎng)大

后可能會(huì)患有肥胖癥。因此，了解兒童肥胖的遺傳和自然歷史將在其治療和預(yù)防中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用）”可知，

以前美于肥胖的研究缺乏關(guān)于兒童肥胖的數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Luckily,thereishope.D-CYPHR,ageneticsresearchprogramme,isopentoevery

child.Itaimstocreateatrulyinclusiveresearchsampleandinvestigatearangeofconditions,forwhichobesityisa

majorcontributingfactor.（幸運(yùn)的是，還有希望。D-CYPHR是一個(gè)遺傳學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目，對(duì)每個(gè)孩子開放。它旨

在創(chuàng)是一個(gè)真正具有包容性的研究樣本，并調(diào)查一系列疾病，其中肥胖是一人主要因素）”可知，D-

CYPHR的目的是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)真正具有包容性的研究樣本，從而避免相關(guān)問題，所以推知circumvent是“避

免”意思，和C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。

[15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Youcanhelppioneernewtreatmentsformillionsofpeoplebyhelpingunlockthe

powerhidinginyourDNA.Now,anationwidemovementforages0-15isbeingheldandallyouneedtodois

spit（吐）inatubeandcompleteashorthealthandlifestylequestionnaire.（通過釋放隱藏在你DNA中的力量,你

可以幫助開拓?cái)?shù)百萬人的新療法。現(xiàn)在，一場(chǎng)針對(duì)0-15歲青少年的全國(guó)性運(yùn)動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行，你所要做的就是

在管子里吐口水，然后完成一份簡(jiǎn)短的健康和生活方式問卷）”可知，此處作者在號(hào)召完成一份簡(jiǎn)短的健康

和生活方式問卷。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題海小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Leave-No-TraceCamping

Forthoseofuswholovespendingtimeinthegreatoutdoors,wildspacesareveryspecial.Theseareplaces

wevisittorecharge,ortofillourheartswithnaturalbeauty.16Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou'retheperfect

persontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.

Itsprinciplesarctotreatthewildernessthewayadecentvisitorwouldandleaveeverythingjustasyoufound

it,withnoevidencethatyoupassedthrough.17That'sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactonthe

environment.

Youcancarryouttheseidealsinanumberofways.Beginbypackingoutallyourlitter.Wheneveryougo

camping,takeanemptytrashbagwithyouandputallgarbageintothebag.Inaddition,trynottodamage

vegetation.18Whereveryougo,thinkaboutwhatyourheavyshoesorbootsaredoingtotheplants

underneathandtrytokeepdamagetoaminimum.

It'salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersand

seashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.19Plus,manyanimalsfindhomesandfoodinabandoned

shellsandflower-heads,andthesearethingstheywouldmissifyoucollectedthem.

Leave-No-Tracecampingisaboutbeingrespectfulandthoughtfill.It'sabouthonoringthenaturalworldand

thecreaturesthatliveinit.Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,then

you'vealreadytakenthefirststep.20

A.Thismeansnotsteppingintoawildanimal'sspace.

B.Thisisalsocalled“l(fā)owimpact"or“noimpact”camping.

C.Oncetakenaway,theywon'tbethereforotherstoenjoy.

D.Anincreasingnumberofpeopletakeupcampinginthewilderness.

E.Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat'salreadybareofplants.

F.Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.

G.FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.

【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.C20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了踐行“不留痕跡”露營(yíng)的注意事項(xiàng)。

【16題詳解】

下文“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou'retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.（如果

你有這種感覺，那么你就是推廣和實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營(yíng)的最佳人選）”說明了一種條件，故上文需要指明

"feelthisway”是什么感覺，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofprevious

visit。"我們不愿看到它們到處都是垃圾，也不愿看到任何提醒我們以前來過的人的東西）”照應(yīng)下文“feel

thisway”，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選F項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

下文"That'sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.（這是因?yàn)槟愕膮⒂^對(duì)環(huán)境的影響

很?。敝该髁艘患虑榈脑?B項(xiàng)"Thisisalsocalledt4lowimpact**orunoimpact”camping.（這也被稱為

“低影響”或“無影響"露營(yíng)）”中的“This”照應(yīng)上文“Leave-No-Tracecamping”,并與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)

系，因?yàn)槟愕膮⒂^對(duì)環(huán)境的影響很小，所以它又被稱為“低影響”或“無影響”露營(yíng)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

上文"Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation4另外，盡量不要破壞植被）”說明露營(yíng)時(shí),要保護(hù)植被,E項(xiàng)

“Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat'salreadybareofplants.（當(dāng)你搭帳篷時(shí)候，盡量找一個(gè)沒

有植物的地方）”用具體的事例說明如何做到不破壞植被，銜接恰當(dāng)。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

上文"It'salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewildernessRocks,plants,flowersand

seashellsareallpartofihenaturallandscape.（同樣重要的是，你不應(yīng)該從野外拿走東西。巖石、植物、花朵

和貝殼都是自然景觀的一部分）”說明不應(yīng)該帶走野外生長(zhǎng)的東西，C項(xiàng)“Oncetakenaway,theywon飛be

（hereforotherstoenjoy.（一旦被拿走，別人就無法再那里欣賞到它們了）”銜接上文，說明帶走野外生長(zhǎng)的

東西會(huì)導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，"they"指代上文“Rocks,plants,flowersandseashells”，符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

上文“Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou'vealreadytaken

thefirststep.（如果你喜歡看一條未受污染的山間溪流或一片美麗的野花，那么你已經(jīng)邁出了第一步）”說明

有欣賞自然之美的心就是實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營(yíng)的第一步，G項(xiàng)aFollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucan

bemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy4遵循這些基本做法，你就可以成為踐行不留痕跡露營(yíng)的典范）”

段尾句總結(jié)了全文內(nèi)容，"thesebasicpractices"指代上文提到的一切尊重和體貼大自然的舉動(dòng)，并照應(yīng)開

頭“Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou,retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.（如果你

有這種感覺，那么你就是推廣和實(shí)踐“不留痕跡”露營(yíng)的最佳人選）”符合句意。故選G項(xiàng)。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.The71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney（W）failure.21

himselfatamedicalfacilityforthesecondtimein24hours.Hewasonthe22list,butnomatcheshadyet

appeared.Soheproceededwithhistreatment5.SumieltookanUbertoandfromhis23thatday.

TimothyLetts,anUberdriver,wasdrivingnorthwhenhisphone24therequestforSumicPsride

home.Astheysetoutonthedrive,thepairgotto25.Sumielmentionedthatinthepasthe'denjoyed

volunteeringathiscommunitybuthecouldhardly26itthesedays,becausethemedicaltreatmentslefthim

exhausted.ThenSumielrevealedthathewassearchingforakidney27.ImpressedbySumiePspositive

energy,Lettssaid,'TdliketoseeifIcouldbea28

Sumielwasshocked.Hewasshakingsohardthathecould29writehisnamewhentheyexchanged

contactinformation.However,aftertheinitial30.Sumielstartedfeelingabitlessoptimistic.Hewas

31byLetts*soffer,buthecouldn'thelpwonderingifithadjustbeenanemotionalmoment.Wouldhehear

fromLetts?Andwhatwasthe32thatthey'dbeamatch?

ButLettswastruetohis33.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,

Lettshadcontactedthekidneytransplantprogram.Afteramonth'sscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswas

a(n)34donor.

SoonSumielandLettshadtheirsurgeriessuccessfully.Sumielis35withintensegratitude."After

all/'hesays,“l(fā)ivingdonorsarespecialpeople.^^

21.

A.imaginedB.foundC.volunteeredD.introduced

22.

A.experimentB.competitionC.transplantD.recommendation

23.

A.shiftB.researchC.companyD.appointment

24.

A.receivedB.blockedC.leakedD.stored

25.

A.bargainingB.chattingC.jokingD.complaining

26.

A.stickatB.relyonC.putupwithD.breakawayfrom

27.

A.projectB.reportC.donorD.expert

28.

A.matchB.comfortC.partnerD.sponsor

29.

A.neatlyB.barelyC.simplyD.possibly

30.

A.hesitationB.guiltC.excitementD.doubt

31.

A.botheredB.confusedC.embarrassedD.touched

32.

A.likelihoodB.explanationC.criterionD.proof

33.

A.dutyB.wordC.dreamD.status

34.

A.honestB.selflessC.extraD.ideal

35.

A.burdenedB.concernedC.consumedD.blessed

【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.

D32.A33.B34.D35.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71的BillSumiel因?yàn)槟I衰竭需要腎移植，但是找不到合適的

腎源。有一天BillSumiel打了一輛出租車回家，他在車上和出租車司機(jī)Letts閑聊時(shí)告訴了司機(jī)他的困

境。出租車司機(jī)說他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的仔適合移植給Sumiel,事后，Sumiel對(duì)Letts表示

了謝意。

[21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位71歲的腎衰竭患者24小時(shí)內(nèi)第二次在醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。入imagined想

象；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn);C.volunteered自愿;D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)句中wwhowasdealingwithkidney（腎）

failure"可知，71的腎衰竭患者在處理腎衰竭問題，所以他應(yīng)該是發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在24小時(shí)內(nèi)第二次出現(xiàn)在醫(yī)

院。故選B。

【22