大學英語六級模擬試卷26（共380題）

大學英語六級模擬試卷26（共5套）（共380題）大學英語六級模擬試卷第1套一、作文(本題共1題，每題1.0分，共1分。)1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledGoodMannersYoushouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.禮貌的含義2．禮貌對我們社會的重要意義3．我們應該怎么看待禮貌GoodManners標準答案：GoodMannersGoodmannersmeanpolitebehaviors,followingthesocialetiquetteswhicharetacitlyagreeduponbyitssociety.Goodmannersareofprofoundsignificancetobothindividualandsociety.Inanarrowview,goodmannerscanrenderapersonelegant,refined,andeasytolike.Awell-manneredpersoncanmakethepeoplearoundhim/herfeelcomfortableandpleased.Inabroadview,goodmannerscanmakegreatcontributionstotheharmonyofasociety.Wecan’tdenyhuman’sirreconcilabledifferencesinphilosophy,politicsorreligion.Goodmannerscan,thoughnoteradicatethem,disguisethoseantipathiesthatarise.Otherwise,oursocietywouldbeplungedintochaos.Inordertokeepthesocialwheelsspinningsmoothly,weshouldstandardizegoodmannersandeducatepeopletoperformaccordingly.知識點解析：暫無解析二、快速閱讀理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-4,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.TheAdvantagesofCommunicativeLanguageTeachingAsateachertrainerworkingwithinternationalgroups,Iamfrequentlyaskedtoincludeanoverviewofcommunicativelanguageteaching(CLT),anddiscusswaysofadaptingmaterialstomakelessonsmorecommunicativeorinteractive.MostgroupsareenthusiasticaboutthelessonopportunitieswhichCLToffers.However,somealsoindicatedtheyfeltconstrainedbythesystemunderwhichtheyoperated,especiallythoseteachinginsettingswhichareparticularlyexam-focused.Inaddition,theyqueriedtherelevanceofCLTtotheirsituation,wheremanyofthestudentsneverusedEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.Incontrast,Ihadshiftedacrossaspectrumoflearners,enthusiasticallytakingCLTalongwithmeasuniversallyappropriate.Takingmycolleagues'concernsonboard,IbegantoquestiontheappropriatenessofCLTforsomeofthesediverselearnergroups.Thiswassupportedbycurrentreadingonthetopic;thetitlesofsomearticlesmademethinkIshouldgiveupthesupportforCLTthenandthere.However,themoreIreadonthetopic,themoreIdefendedthecontinuedsuitabilityofCLT.Itreallydoesbenefitthestudentsinavarietyofways.ElementsofCLTCommunication—AccordingtoAbilityWhetherCLTshouldbeconsideredanapproachoramethodologyisamoreabstractdebateandhereIwanttodealwithitsmorepracticalaspects,infact,itisthoseveryelements,andthenameitself,whichhavebeenusedtochallengethefuturerelevanceofCLT.Firstly,thelabelimpliesafocusoncommunicationandsomemightarguethatthismethodcan'tbeemployedgenuinelywithlowlevelsasthereisnoauthenticcommunication,duetoalimitedvocabularyandrestrictedrangeoffunctions.Initially,manyofalearner'sutterancesareveryformulaic.Asanaside,considerjustwhatpercentageofourownEnglishexpressionsareunique,andhowoftenwerelyonasetphrase;justbecauseitisdeliveredunselfconsciouslyandwithnaturalintonationdoesnotmakeitoriginal.Theaimisthatthelengthandcomplexityofexchanges,andconfidentdelivery,willgrowwiththestudent'slanguageability.Withtheemphasisoncommunication,thereisalsotheimplicationthatspokenexchangesshouldbeauthenticandmeaningful;detractorsclaimthattheartificialnatureofclassroom-based(i.e.teacher-createdinteractionsmakesCLTanoxymoron.Nevertheless,aproficientteacherwillprovideacontextsothatclassinteractionsarerealisticandmeaningfulbutwiththesupportneededtoassiststudentstogeneratethetargetlanguage.Weneedtoconsiderthatproducinglanguageisaskillandwhenwelearnaskillwepractiseinimprovisedsettings.Forexample,beforeanursegivesarealinjection,theyhavepuncturedmanyapieceoffruittohonetheirtechnique.AccuracyasWellasFluencyItmightalsobearguedthattheextentofsomeofthestructuresorfunctionsmayneverbeusedinreallife.Oneexampleisadjectiveorder;Ihavegivenstudentsanexercisewheretheyhavetoproduceaphrasewithastringofadjectives,suchas"astrong,orange,Norwegian,canvastent."Thisisveryunnatural,asmosttimesweonlycombinetwoorthreeadjectives.Theotherexampleisdirections—wehavestudentsfollowamapandnegotiateexhaustivedirectionswhichsuggestmaze-likecomplexity.Inreality,mostofusprobablyareonlyinvolvedinathree-phasesetofdirections.Infact,whatwearedoingwiththeseexercisesisexposingstudentstopatternswhichtheycanlateractivate.ThisfocusonaccuracyversusfluencyisoneoftheissuesnotoftenconsideredinadiscussionofCLT.Theteacherdecidestopayattentiontooneorotherendofthisband,dependingonthetypeoflesson,orthestageofaparticularlesson,andaccuracyistheirchoiceiftheywanttodealwithstudentsgettingthingsright,takeanopportunityforcorrection,orgaugethesuccessoftheirteaching,forexample.Freerspeakinginvolvesmorechoice,thereforemoreambiguity,andlessteacherintervention.WhileCLTimpliesthelessonsaremorestudent-centered,thisdoesnotmeantheyareun-structured.Theteacherdoeshaveaveryimportantroleintheprocess,andthatissettingupactivitiessothatcommunicationactuallyhappens.Thereisalotofpreparation;accuracypracticeisthebridgetoafluencyactivity.Byimplication,CLTinvolvesequippingstudentswithvocabulary,structuresandfunctions,aswellasstrategies,toenablethemtointeractsuccessfully.Thereferencetostrategiesintroducesthematterofgrammaticalversuscommunicativecompetence.Ifweviewthetwoasmutuallyexclusive,thenwearelikelytochampiononeovertheother,intermsofapproach,curriculumorwhateverelsedeterminesanddefinesourclassroomteaching.Infact,CanaleandSwain'smodelofcommunicativecompetence,referredtobyGuangweiHu,includesfoursub-categories,namelygrammatical,sociolinguisticdiscourseandstrategic.TheyconsidersomeonecompetentinEnglishshoulddemonstratebothrolesofgrammaranduse.PromotingLearningThisreturnsustotheconsiderationofwhoweareteaching,andwhy.AreourstudentsaimingtolearnoracquireEnglish?Dotheyneedtoknowlexicalitemsandlinguisticrulesasameansofpassinganexam,ordotheywanttobeabletointeractinEnglish?Forthoseinclinedtomaintainthedichotomybetweenlearningandacquisition,andwhoarguethatourprimaryfocusislearners,CLTstillhasrelevance.ItistimelytoreviewanearlydefinitionofCLT.AccordingtoRichardsandRodgers,inGuangweiHu,CLTisbasicallyaboutpromotinglearning.Thenagain,MarkLowesuggeststhatwefollowHalliday'sleadanddropthedistinctionbetweenlearningandacquisition,andrefertolanguagemasteryinstead.Afterall,ifthestudentsmasterthelanguage,theywillcertainlybeabletoperformbetterinexams,ifthatistheirgoal.Inaddition,thosewhodoseeapurposebeyondclassroom-relatedEnglishwillbebetterequippedforusingthelanguagesocially.MotivationOneoftheconstantdiscussionsinallmyteachertraininggroupswashowtomotivatestudents.Thissuggeststhatthefocusonpassingtheexamwasnotalwaysenough.Motivationrelatestoengagingstudentsbutalsoincludesconfidencebuilding.Ifthereisaclimateoftrustandsupportintheclassroom,thenstudentsaremorelikelytocontribute.Onewayofdevelopingthisistoallowpair-checkingofanswersbeforeopen-classcheckingoccurs.Anotherwayistoincludeanopportunityforstudentstodiscussatopicinsmallgroupsbeforethereisanyexpectationthattheyspeakinfrontofthewholeclass.EvelynDomansuggeststhat"Theneedforongoingnegotiationduringinteractionincreasesthelearners'overtparticipation..."Itisthisinvolvementweneedtoharnessandbuildon.Sometimestheparticipationishardlywhatwewoulddefineas"negotiation",butmerelyacontribution.Forafewstudents,justutteringawordoraphrasecanbeanachievement.Indeed,someoftheteachersinthetrainingsessionssaidthiswasthegoaltheysetfortheirmorereticentpupils.AndIhavehadstudentswho,afterwritingtheirfirstnoteore-mailinEnglish,expressedtheirprideatbeingabletodoso.Ifteachersconsideranactivitytobeirrelevantornotengagingenough,therearemanyothertaskswhichmaybemoreappropriate,suchassurveys,usingastimuluspictureandpromptquestions(Who...Where...When...What...),oraseriesofpictureswhichneedtobesequencedbeforeastoryisdiscussed.Inthisrespect,CLTaddressesanotherareawhichconstantlychallengesteachers,themixed-abilityclass.Whenthelessonprogressestoafreer-speakingactivity,studentscancontributeaccordingtotheirabilityandconfidence,althoughIacknowledgebothneedtobestretched.Sothereisachallengeforthemorecapablestudents,whilethosewithanaverageabilitystillfeeltheireffortisvalid.Thiscompareswiththelesscreativeopportunitiesofferedbysometextbooks,wherestudentsreadadialogue,perhapsdoingasubstitutionactivity,forexample.Abasicresponsibilityisconsideringandrespondingtotheneedsofourstudents,soifthecoursebookisinadequateweneedtoemploythefollowingsteps:select,adapt,rejectandsupplement.Moreover,becauseeachclassweteachhasitsowncharacteristicsandneeds,CLTwillvaryeachtimeweemployit.2、ThemoretheauthorreadsonCommunicativeLanguageTeaching,themorehethinksheshouldgiveitup.A、YB、NC、NG標準答案：B知識點解析：暫無解析3、Somemightarguethatasaresultofalimitedvocabularyandrestrictedrangeoffunctions,thereisnorealcommunication.A、YB、NC、NG標準答案：A知識點解析：暫無解析4、Theteacherwillprovideacontextandwhiletheclassispracticing,theteachershouldmonitor.A、YB、NC、NG標準答案：C知識點解析：暫無解析5、Sinceinreality,mostofusprobablyareonlyinvolvedinthreephase-setofdirections,itismeaninglessforthestudentstonegotiateexhaustivedirections.A、YB、NC、NG標準答案：A知識點解析：暫無解析6、Withthestudents’languageability,theismofthe______and______ofexchangesandconfidentdeliverywillgrow.標準答案：length;complexity知識點解析：暫無解析7、OneofthefactorsCLTinvolvesisstrategy,whichintroducesthematterof______versus______competence.標準答案：grammatical;communicative知識點解析：暫無解析8、Accordingtothepassage,Hallidayprefers______todistinctionbetweenlearningandacquisition.標準答案：languagemastery知識點解析：暫無解析9、Thediscussiononhowtomotivatestudentssuggeststhatthefocuson______wasnotalwaysenough.標準答案：passingtheexam知識點解析：暫無解析10、Besidesthecontributionactivity,CLTaddressesanotherarea,whichconstantlychallengesteachers,______.標準答案：characteristicsandneeds知識點解析：暫無解析11、Becauseeachclassweteachhasitsown______,CLTwillvaryeachtimeweemployit.標準答案：themixed-abilityclass知識點解析：暫無解析三、聽力短對話(本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。)12、A、Tilemanwillarriveatthehotelonlyfourteenminuteslate.B、Themanhasaquartertogettothehotel.C、Themanwillcertainlymisshisbusiness.D、Thewomandoesnotthinkshewillbeabletodrivequickly.標準答案：D知識點解析：男士說：請趕快帶我到北京飯店，不然我要誤了那樁生意。女士說：我不知道，但我盡量吧。現(xiàn)在交通如此擁擠，至少還要四十分鐘，。問題是：我們從對話中了解到什么?A、B項說得太具體，在交通擁擠的情況下是難以準確估計時間的，C項說得過于肯定；不合實情。所以只有D，女士認為不可能開得快。13、A、Tokeephercarpetclean.B、Toprotecthercarpet.C、Toavoidtrippingonthecarpet.D、Tokeeptheirfeetwarm.標準答案：B知識點解析：男士說：我們進你的公寓時你為什么要我們穿拖鞋。女士說：免得磨壞和劃破地毯。這里難以理解的是女士的話：“Itsaveswearand．tearonthecarpet．”通常所記得save的意思是“省，救”，這是難處之一。難處之二是對wear和tear，意思的把握，wear除有“穿，戴”的意思外，還有“磨損”的意思；teat除有“撕”的意思外，還有“撕破的口子”的意思。因此選B最合題意。14、A、Hefailedonlyinphysics.B、Hewillnotpasstheexamifhedoesn’treviewhislessons.C、He’sintelligent.D、Cleverpeoplemaybevictimsoftheirowncleverness.標準答案：C知識點解析：女士說：阿倫各門功課成績都是全班最高的，除了體育課之外。男的說，對他來說，這是很簡單的事，我從沒有見過他復習功課。從男士的話來看，他認為Allan很聰明，故選C。15、A、Shewasafraidoftheprofessor.B、Shedidn’tenterherhouse.C、Shedidn’tmakefullpreparationsforherlessons.D、Shelostherkey.標準答案：C知識點解析：男士說：一般來說，你很少顯得很緊張，怎么剛才教授一點名你就那么緊張?女士說：我昨晚11點鐘才進家門，所以沒有足夠的時間預習。從女士的話中可以感覺到她準備不充分。故選C最合適。16、A、Atthecallbox.B、Atthejewelrystore.C、Fromamachine.D、Fromthepurchaser.標準答案：C知識點解析：男士請求女士換一美元零錢以便去打電話。女土說：……你可以在珠寶店前的零錢機(changemachine)去換。因此，抓住了changemachine，就抓住了解題的關鍵，故選C。17、A、InJuly.B、InMarch.C、InSeptember.D、Inthewinter.標準答案：A知識點解析：女士說：三月份聽說，著名的科幻小說作家艾薩克·阿斯莫夫的新書將于七月出版。男士說：我們可能要到九月份才能在圖書館見到?？梢娙率锹犝f的時間，九月是圖書館見到的時間，winter通常指十二月、一月和二月，這都不是問題問到的出版時間，只有七月(July)才是出版時間，故選A。18、A、Ithasbeeninherfamilyalongtime.B、Herboyfriendgaveittoher.C、Thefamilydoesn’tlikeit.D、Itisafamilydisgrace.標準答案：A知識點解析：從男士的問話中我們得知是一本rarelook(珍本書)，且男士以前從未見過。女士說：上周才拆封，這書是我家的傳家寶。傳家寶自然就可推斷出在家里放了很長時間，故選A。其他選項均與會話內容不相符，應予排除。19、A、Hemadeithimself.B、Hehadacarpentermakeit.C、Heboughtit.alongtimeago.D、Hehadanoldonere-made.標準答案：B知識點解析：從男士的回答中可找到答案。他說：我干不了所有的木工活，我是請人做的(Ihaditmade)。因此我們選B，其他選項不符合會話內容。這里“Ihaditmade”聽起來可能不容易反應過來?？荚囍谐３霈F(xiàn)這類題，要聽出話中之話就要格外細心。四、聽力長對話（含3小題）(本題共3題，每題1.0分，共3分。)20、A、Asickfriend.B、Amathclass.C、Schoolpolicy.D、Theman’stest.標準答案：C知識點解析：一定要把握關鍵詞，幾個選項都有迷惑性，但是A，B和D只是在文中出現(xiàn)，只有C是正確答案，依據(jù)"privacyact""butthat’sthelaw”等關鍵詞可以做出判斷。21、A、Becauseitisagainstthelaw.B、BecausethemanisnotamemberofTerry’sfamily.C、Becausethewomancannotfindthetest.D、BecauseTerrywastoosicktotakethetest.標準答案：A知識點解析：先看題支，再有針對性的認真聽。依據(jù)“buttheprivacyactwon’tpermitit”“butthat’sthelaw"可以做出選擇。22、A、Gerard.B、Patrick.C、Raleigh.D、Kelly.標準答案：C知識點解析：先看題支，再有針對性的認真聽。依據(jù)“mylastnameisRaleigh．R—A—L—E—I—C—H”可以做出判斷。五、聽力長對話（含4小題）(本題共4題，每題1.0分，共4分。)23、A、It’scrowdedwithpeople.B、It’sfullofcomputers.C、Lunchisbeingservedthere.D、Onlyfewpeopleinthere.標準答案：A知識點解析：由Thewomansaidshewaswaitingabout45minutesandtherewasacoupleupaheadofherwhohadwailedforanhourfinallygaveupandleft．可得知人很多。因此選A。24、A、Tryingtotelephonesomeone.B、Attendingaconcert.C、Waitinginline.D、Cancelingreservations.標準答案：C知識點解析：對話開頭就談他們在買concerttickets。因此A、B、D是不對的，只能選C，兩個人都在排隊買票。25、A、Beforebreakfast.B、Latemorning.C、Mid-afternoon.D、Lateevening.標準答案：C知識點解析：Thewomansaid，“Itcouldbethattherearen’tenoughpeoplesellingticketsthisafternoon．"Themansaid：“There’retwomorehoursbeforetheticketofficedoses．”因此猜測對話發(fā)生在mid-afternoon。正確答案是C。26、A、Talkingaboutifthewomanwaitedinline.B、Exchangingthetelephonenumbers.C、Sayinghellotoeachother.D、Talkingabouttheirchildren.標準答案：A知識點解析：從選項猜測，肯定會問這兩個人在干什么。根據(jù)對話開頭選A。六、聽力短文（含3小題）(本題共6題，每題1.0分，共6分。)27、A、Money.B、Shipsandplanes.C、Florida.D、Trainsandcars.標準答案：B知識點解析：這道題主要是考查考生聽音是否細心，只要注意到細節(jié)，是不難得出答案的。28、A、InthePacificOcean.B、ClosetoEurope.C、Nobodyknows.D、IntheAtlanticOcean.標準答案：D知識點解析：這道題的答案在文章一開始就已出現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過訓練，對文中開頭一句特別注意的考生是不難得出答案的。即便漏聽了第一句，考生也可以根據(jù)后面提到的地理位置推斷出答案。29、A、Abombexplosion.B、Atrafficaccident.C、Murder.D、Massacres.標準答案：A知識點解析：這道題就是要求考生對新聞英語中所發(fā)生的事件要留意去聽，而且文中多次提及“bomb”，從這也不難推斷出答案。30、A、Atarailwaystation.B、Atabuscenter.C、Inthecountryside.D、Inacoastaltown.標準答案：B知識點解析：這道題要求考生注意細節(jié)，也就是事件發(fā)生的地點。31、A、1B、2C、3D、4標準答案：D知識點解析：我們一再要求考生對聽音中聽到的數(shù)字要保持敏感，這道題中只要考生記住了數(shù)字，就只是一個簡單的1+3=4的問題。32、A、Thediscussion.B、TheEuropeanUnionteam.C、TheEuropeanUniondeputyforeignministers.D、TheUNinvestigation.標準答案：D知識點解析：這道題要求考生理解"turndown"一詞的含義為“拒絕，摒斥”，只要了解這一點，答案是顯然的。七、聽力短文（含4小題）(本題共4題，每題1.0分，共4分。)33、A、Mice.B、Rats.C、Monkeys.D、A,BandC標準答案：D知識點解析：文中我們可以聽到：Onewaythatscientistslearnaboutmanisbyanimals，suchasmice，ratsandmonkeys．由此可選D。34、A、Therelationshipbetweenmice,ratsandmonkeys.B、Therelationshipbetweendietandanimals.C、Therelationshipbetweendietandman.D、Therelationshipbetweendietandhealth.標準答案：D知識點解析：文中我們可以聽到：Theyarestudyingtherelationshipbetweendietandhealth．由此我們可選D。35、A、Tilefirstgroup.B、Thesecondgroup.C、Thelastgroup.D、Allthethreegroups.標準答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)實驗的情況判斷，即三組老鼠三年后表現(xiàn)出的健康程度判斷，第一組老鼠是最健康的，故選A。36、A、Diethasnothingtodowithhealth.B、Theamountoffoodhassomethingtodowithhealth.C、Healthdependsondiettotally.D、Goodfoodhasnothingtodowithhealth.標準答案：B知識點解析：三組老鼠的實驗表明：thehealthiestgroupistheonethatisonlyeatingonecupoffoodeachday．Thesecondgroupofmiceis“healthy”．Thelastgroupisnotveryactive．可見食量與健康是有關的，故選B。八、聽力復合式聽寫(本題共11題，每題1.0分，共11分。)TheEnglish【B1】______settlementsinNorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenWesternEuropewas【B2】______greatchanges.DuringtheMiddle-Ages,Europewasunderthesingle【B3】______authorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.Thepeasantsweretiedtothesoilandworkedinthefieldsfortheirlords.【B4】______andcraftsmenwere【B5】______bythesocialdisorders.ArtandlearningwerecontrolledbytheChurch.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbeganto【B6】______whichledtotheawakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.Thefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thegrowthofcapitalismproducedtwonewclassesthebourgeoisclassandtheworkingclass.Withthefastdevelopmentof【B7】______andtrade,thebourgeoisiebecame【B8】______.powerfulinpoliticsaswellasineconomy.Theywantedtosharepowerwithfeudallordsand【B9】___________________.TheEnglishRevolutionwastheresultofthisgrowthofcapitalism.【B10】_______________________.TheGod-centeredworldwaschallengedbythegreatprogressinnaturalandsocialscience.ManychallengedtheauthorityoftheBibleandwerewillingtoobserve,experimentandtesttruthsforthemselves.Thisattitudepushedthedevelopmentoftechnology.【B11】__________________________________.37、【B1】標準答案：permanent知識點解析：暫無解析38、【B2】標準答案：undergoing知識點解析：暫無解析39、【B3】標準答案：spiritual知識點解析：暫無解析40、【B4】標準答案：Merchants知識點解析：暫無解析41、【B5】標準答案：handicapped知識點解析：暫無解析42、【B6】標準答案：emerge知識點解析：暫無解析43、【B7】標準答案：commerce知識點解析：暫無解析44、【B8】標準答案：increasingly知識點解析：暫無解析45、【B9】標準答案：insomecountriessuchasEnglandtheywantedtohavemorepowerfromthekingsothattheycouldhavefreedevelopment.知識點解析：暫無解析46、【B10】標準答案：ThesecondmajorforcethatbroughtaboutthemodemdevelopmentofEuropewastheRenaissance,whichwasmarkedbyachangingoutlookonlife.知識點解析：暫無解析47、【B11】標準答案：ThethirdinfluenceforcewastheReligiousReformation,areligiousreformmovementthatstartedfromGermany.知識點解析：暫無解析九、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Scientistshaveknownsince1952thatDNAisthebasicstuffofheredity.They'veknownitschemicalstructuresince1953.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins,thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.Buteverythingthegeneticengineershaveaccomplishedduringthepasthalf-centuryisjustapreambletotheworkthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleaguesaredoingnow.CollinsleadstheHumanGenomeProject,a15-yearefforttodrawthefirstdetailedmapofeverynookandcrannyofgeneinhumanDNA.Anderson,whopioneeredthefirstsuccessfulhumangene-therapyoperations,isleadingthecampaigntoputinformationaboutDNAtouseasquicklyaspossibleinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases.Whattheyandotherresearchersareplottingisnothinglessthanabiomedicalrevolution.LikeSiliconValleypiratesreverse-engineeringacomputerchiptostealacompetitor'ssecrets,geneticengineersaredecodinglife'smolecularsecretsandtryingtousethatknowledgetoreversethenaturalcourseofdisease.DNAintheirhandshasbecomebothablueprintandadrag,apharmacologicalsubstanceofextraordinarypotencythatcantreatnotjustsymptomsorthediseasesthatcausethembutalsotheimperfectionsinDNAthatmakepeoplesusceptibletoadisease.Andthat'sjustthebeginning.Forallthefeveredworkbeingdone,however,scienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthuman—orevenaperfecttomato.Muchmoreresearchisneededbeforegenetherapybecomescommonplace,andmanydiseaseswilltakedecadestoconquer,iftheycanbeconqueredatall.Intheshortrun,themostpracticalwaytousethenewtechnologywillbeingeneticscreening.DoctorswillbeabletodetectallsortsofflawsinDNAlongbeforetheycanbefixed.Insomecasestheknowledgemayleadtotreatmentsthatdelaytheonsetofthediseaseorsoftenitseffects.Someonewithageneticpredispositiontoheartdisease,forexample,couldfollowalow-fatdiet.Andifscientistsdeterminethatvitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitdefective,theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.Butinotherinstances,almostnothingcanbedonetostoptheravagesbroughtonbygeneticmutations.48、WhatachievementshavebeengotbyCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleagues?A、TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogram.B、Theyhavefoundthebasicbuildingblocksoflife.C、Theyhaveaccomplishedsomegeneticdiscoveryduringthepasthalf-century.D、TheyaremakingabreakthroughinDNA.標準答案：D知識點解析：“正在DNA方面取得突破。”可從第2段第1句推論出：過去50年中取得的一切成果與他們所從事的研究相比只不過是一個序幕，暗示他們將取得重大突破。49、CollinsandAndersonarecitedinthetexttoindicateallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.A、time-consumingeffortisneededtoaccomplishthedetailedmapofgeneinhumanDNAB、humangene-therapyoperationsmaybeappliedtothepatientsC、gene-therapynowisalreadygenerallyusedtothetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseasesD、informationaboutDNAmaybeusedinthetreatmentanpreventionofhumandiseases標準答案：C知識點解析：“基因療法已經(jīng)普遍用于治療和預防人類疾病”，從全文我們看不到這樣的事實。因此應當排除。其余選項都能在文章中找到依據(jù)。50、Whatdoestheword"pirates"inthethirdparagraphmean?A、Onewhorobsatseaorplundersthelandfromthesea.B、Onewhomakesuseoforreproducestheworkofanotherwithoutauthorization.C、Totake(something)bypiracy.D、Tomakeuseoforreproduce(another’swork)withoutauthorization.標準答案：B知識點解析：“剽竊者：非法翻印者”。此處的pirates為名詞，原文的likeSiliconValleypiratesreverse-engineeringacompetitor’schiptostealacompetitor’ssecrets，其結構可簡化為：likesb．doingsth./todosth。51、Whatconclusioncanwegetfromthepassage?A、Engineeringaperfecthumanisnotfeasibleforthetimebeing.B、It’simpossibleforscientiststoengineeraperfecttomato.C、Manydiseaseswillneverbeconqueredbyhumanbeings.D、DoctorswillbeabletocureallsortsofflawsinDNAinthelongrun.標準答案：A知識點解析：“目前用基因工程來制造理想的人并不現(xiàn)實”?？蓮脑牡箶?shù)第2段得出這樣的結論：ScienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthuman．52、Whichofthefollowisthemostsuitabletothetitleforthispassage?A、DNAandHeredity.B、TheGeneticRevolution.C、ABiomedicalRevolution.D、HowtoApplyGeneticTechnology.標準答案：B知識點解析：“基因革命”，我們通過全文可以得出這一標題。選項A不全面，只歸納了Collins和Anderson的研究：C、D不切題。TheSecurityCouncilisthemostpowerfulbodyintheUN.Itisresponsibleformaintaininginternationalpeace,andforrestoringpeacewhenconflictsarise.ItsdecisionsarebindingonallUNmembers.TheSecurityCouncilhasthepowertodefinewhatathreattosecurityis,todeterminehowtheUNshouldrespond,andtoenforceitsdecisionsbyorderingUNmemberstotakecertainactions.TheCouncilconvenesanytimethereisathreattopeace.ArepresentativefromeachmembercountrywhositsontheCouncilmustbeavailableatalltimessothattheCouncilcanmeetatamoment'snotice.TheSecurityCouncilalsofrequentlymeetsattherequestofaUNmember—oftenanationwithagrievanceaboutanothernation'sactions.TheSecurityCouncilhas15members;fiveofwhichholdpermanentseats.TheAssemblyelectstheothertenmembersfortwo-yearterms.Thefivepermanentmembers—theUnitedStates,Britain,France,Russia(formerlytheSovietUnion),andChina—havethemostpower.ThesenationswerethewinningpowersattheendofWorldWarⅡ,andtheystillrepresentthebulkoftheworld'smilitarymight.DecisionsoftheCouncilrequireninevotes.Butanyoneofthepermanentmemberscanvetoanimportantdecision.Thisauthorityisknownasthevetorightofthegreatpowers.Asaresult,theCounciliseffectiveonlywhenitspermanentmemberscanreachaconsensus.TheCouncilhasavarietyofwaysitcantrytoresolveconflictsamongcountries.UsuallytheCouncils'firststepistoencouragethecountriestosettletheirdisagreementswithoutviolence.TheCouncilcanmediateadisputeorrecommendguidelinesforasettlement.Itcansendpeacekeepingtroopsintoadistressedarea.Ifwarbreaksout,theCouncilcancallforaceasefire.Itcanenforceitsdecisionsbyimposingeconomicsanctionsonacountry,orthroughjointmilitaryaction.53、WhichisTRUEinthefollowingstatementsaccordingtothepassage?A、TheSecurityCouncilconvenesannually.B、AllUNmembersshouldabidebythedecisionsadoptedbytheSecurityCouncil.C、Althoughonememberseriouslycomplainsaboutanothermember’saction,theSecurityCouncilwillnotconvenesatitsrequest.D、ThefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilholdlessthanonehalfarmedforcesintheworld.標準答案：B知識點解析：本題考察細節(jié)理解。參見文章第1段第3句，表明所有成員國都必須遵守安理會做出的決議，所以選項B正確。選項A不對，因為第2段提到“只要和平受到威脅，安理會就會召開會議”。選項D不對，因為5個常任理事國代表了世界上大部分的軍事力量。54、WhyistheSecurityCouncileffectiveonlywhenitspermanentmemberscanreachaconsensus?A、Becauseeverypermanentmemberhasthevetorightofgreatpowers.B、BecauseallthepermanentmemberswonintheWorldWarⅡ.C、BecausetheothermembersoftheSecurityCouncilareinthechargeofthepermanentmembers.D、Becauseofsomeotherreasonsnotmentionedinthispassage.標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)題。參見第4段第2句：任何一個常任理事國都可以對某種重要決議投否決票。55、OnemotionisadoptedbytheSecurityCouncilonlyif______.A、1of15membersacceptthismotionB、allthemembershavenoobjectiontothemotionC、9membersagreeonitandallthepermanentmembersapproveofitD、allthepermanentmemberspassit標準答案：C知識點解析：推理題。根據(jù)第4段描述：只有當贊成票在9票以上，并且常任理事國沒有投否決票時，安理會的決議才能生效。56、ThepassageintroducesallthethingsabouttheSecurityCouncilEXCEPT______.A、missionB、membershipC、rightsD、history標準答案：D知識點解析：推理題。文章就安理會的使命、權力、會員國這幾個方面進行了介紹，唯獨沒有提到安理會的歷史。57、Thelastparagraphofthispassagemaybeconcludedwiththestatement