高考英語聽力解題法則之結(jié)構(gòu)法則（Ⅱ）（學生版）

PAGE1PAGE高考英語聽力解題法則Ⅲ——結(jié)構(gòu)法則（Ⅱ）一：基礎方法論述在高考聽力考試中,我們從卷面上能看到每道題的題目及選項,因此,根據(jù)選項及題目推測問題的內(nèi)容就顯得尤為重要。通過分析選項我們發(fā)現(xiàn),三個選項的結(jié)構(gòu)或句式基本一致,且都有一些共同的規(guī)律。利用這些選項特點,再結(jié)合選項中的關鍵詞語,我們可以預測出問題是針對什么提問的,并以此來判斷我們的聽音重點在哪里。下面是幾種常見的選項結(jié)構(gòu)特點、不同選項的考查類型以及相應的聽音重點:選項結(jié)構(gòu)考察類型聽音重點形容詞態(tài)度或評價形容詞處地點場景地點表地點場景的關鍵詞角色關系角色或關系表人物身份的關鍵詞時間數(shù)字信息時間或數(shù)字的計算時間數(shù)字處二：例題講解及思路分析例題Ⅴ：選項均以形容詞開頭選項均為形容詞的題目一般可分為兩類:一是考查講話者的觀點態(tài)度,此類題目一般需要綜合推斷才能得出答案;二是考查聽力材料中提到的某人或某機構(gòu)對人或事物的評價,此類題目只需捕捉關鍵詞并找出選項中的近義詞即可。1：WhatdidBenCarson'sclassmatesandteachersthinkofhimwhenhewasfirstatschool??選項分析AStupid.選項結(jié)構(gòu)描述人物性格或特點的形容詞BActive.考查類型對某一人物的評價CBrave.聽音重點出現(xiàn)人物評價的地方以及相關形容詞聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：…..Tohisclassmatesandeventohisteachers,hewasthoughtofasthedumbestkidintheclass,accordingtohisownnotsofondmemories...根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項例題Ⅵ：選項均為地點場景很明顯,這類選項的問題考查的是“地點場景”。此類題目一般可分為兩類,一是考查對話發(fā)生的地點或場景,二是考查某人所處的位置、曾經(jīng)去過或?qū)⒁サ牡攸c。聽錄音時一方面要留意能夠體現(xiàn)出選項中地點場景的標志詞語,另一方面要留意與選項中地點場景相關的其他信息,做好筆記。有時,聽力材料中可能會涉及多個地點,因此一定要留意不同地點對應的不同信息,并聽清問題問的是什么,做到對號入座。2：Wheredoesthewomanliverightnow?選項分析AHolland.選項結(jié)構(gòu)地點場景BIndonesia.考查類型對話發(fā)生的地點或場景、某人所處的位置、曾經(jīng)去過或?qū)⒁サ牡攸cCEngland.聽音重點與地點場景相關的標志詞語聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：W:Yeah,it'sreallyhard.That'stherealstrugglebecause,rightnow,IdoliveinHolland,butIreallydon'tsocializemuchwithDutchpeopleandmyboyfriend'sEnglishissogoodthatwejustbasicallyspeakEnglishallthetime...根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項例題Ⅶ：選項均為角色關系選項為人物關系時,問題一般是考查對話雙方的關系。選項為人物角色時,問題一般是考查聽力材料中某個人物的職業(yè)或身份。聽錄音時要重點捕捉能夠體現(xiàn)人物身份或者關系的關鍵詞語,尤其要注意對話雙方的稱呼語,并留意雙方的說話語氣。3：WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?選項分析A.Hiswife.選項結(jié)構(gòu)人物關系或角色B.Hisboss．．考查類型對話雙方的關系、人物職業(yè)或身份C.Hissecretary．聽音重點表示人物身份或者關系的關鍵詞聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：W:Hello,ThomasBrothers.M:Hello,thisisMikeLandonhere.IsJackCoopertherebyanychance?W:Iamafraidnot,heisawayforadayortwo,backon,let’ssee,Mondaymorning.M:Oh,wellperhapsIcanleaveamessageforhim.W:Yes,ofcourse,justaminute.Now,let’ssee,toJackCooperfromMikeLondon.M:No,Landon,L-a-n-d-o-n.W:Sorry,yes,gotthat,andwhat’sthemessage?M:Wellit’sjustthis:couldhecometoameetingonMondayafternoonat5:00pm?W:That’sthiscomingMonday,October12th?M:Right,it’stodiscussthenewfactoryinFrance.W:Fine,I’vegotthat.IwillseethathegetsitassoonashecomesinonMonday.M:Good,thankyou,goodbye.根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項4：Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?選項分析A.Bossandsecretary.選項結(jié)構(gòu)人物關系或角色B.Hostessandguest.考查類型對話雙方的關系、人物職業(yè)或身份C.Husbandandwife.聽音重點表示人物身份或者關系的關鍵詞聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：W:Hello,HelenSmithspeaking.CanIhelpyou?M:Hello,thisisDavid.CouldIspeaktoMike,please?W:I'mafraidhe'snotavailableatthemoment.Wouldyouleaveamessage?M:Yes,I'mcallingtocancelthemeetingwescheduledforthisafternoon.W:OK.Letmetakethisdown.CouldIhaveyournameagain?M:Certainly.It'sDavidStone.根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項例題Ⅷ：選項均為數(shù)字信息很明顯,這類題目一般是關于時間、年齡、數(shù)量、價格等與數(shù)字相關的信息的考查。聽錄音時-定要留意聽力材料中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字以及各數(shù)字對應的信息,并做好筆記,而且一定要聽清楚問題問的是什么。5：HowmuchmoredoesDavidneedforthecar?選項分析A.$5,000.選項結(jié)構(gòu)時間數(shù)字B.$20,000.考查類型關于時間、年齡、數(shù)量、價格等與數(shù)字相關的信息C.$25,000.聽音重點材料中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字以及各數(shù)字對應的信息聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：W:David,haveyousavedenoughforthecar?M:Ihave$20,000now,andthecarcosts$25,000.Myparentssaidtheywouldliketohelp,butIdon’twanttousetheirmoney.根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項6：WhenwillthemanmeetMr.Stonethisafternoon?選項分析A.At3:00.選項結(jié)構(gòu)時間數(shù)字B.At3:30.考查類型關于時間、年齡、數(shù)量、價格等與數(shù)字相關的信息C.At3:45.聽音重點材料中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字以及各數(shù)字對應的信息聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：M:Ineedtotalkaboutmynewprogramwithhimbeforeheleaves.It’surgent.SowouldthisafternoonbeOK?W:Letmesee...OK.Mr.Stoneisfreethisafternoonafter3:00.M:Well,3:00isabitdifficult.ButIcouldmakeitafter3:30.W:So...shallwesayaquartertofourthisafternooninMr.Stone’soffice?M:That’sgreat.Thanks.M：在他離開之前，我需要和他談談我的新計劃。這很緊急。那么今天下午好嗎？W：讓我看看...好的，斯通先生今天下午3：00之后就有空了。M：嗯，3：00有點難。但我可以在3：30之后到達。W：所以我們今天下午3.45在斯通先生的辦公室里好嗎？M：那太好了。謝謝。根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇項三：名校模擬題訓練PassageA—Step1—聽力選擇練習聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhattimewillthewomanleavefortheSportsCenter?A.At5:30. B.At5:00. C.At4:30.2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atthewoman'shouse. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inthemarket.3.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewbook?A.Itssummaryisboring. B.It'sworthreading. C.Theplotisconfusing.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Aprogram. B.Anauthor. C.Abook.5.Whydoesthewomanwanttogotothegym?A.Tobestronger. B.Togetinshape. C.Tokilltime.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tointroducesometouristspots.B.Togetsomeinformation.C.Toissueaninvitation.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotothenaturalhabitat. B.Readthebrochure. C.Makeaphonecall.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whencanthewomanfinishherreport?A.ThisSaturday. B.ThisSunday. C.NextMonday.9.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Writeareportforhim. B.Treathimtodinner. C.Checkhisreport.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhydoesMichaelwanttoleavehiscompany?A.Hefailedtoaskforalongholiday.B.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththesalary.C.Hehardlyhashisprivatetime.11.HowlonghasMichaelworkedinthecompany?A.4years. B.3years. C.2years.12.WhatdoesMichaelplantodofirstafterquittinghisjob?A.Findanewjob. B.Havesomelessons. C.Takeatrip.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhyisAlicefeelingunwell?A.Shehasaheadache. B.Shecatchesacold. C.Shegetsafever.14.WhatdidDanieldoinBeijing?A.Heattendedawedding.B.Hevisitedmanyplacesofinterest.C.Heheldameeting.15.WhatdoesDanielsuggestAlicedo?A.Takemedicineontime. B.TraveltoBeijing. C.Takesomewarmclothes.16.WhereisDanielgoing?A.Tohishome. B.Toaschool. C.Toarestaurant.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatmadeDominguezopenherrestaurant?A.Thegovernment'sencouragement.B.TheinspirationfromaTVprogram.C.Theeagernesstobecomefamous.18.WhenwasDominguez'smansion(宅邸)built?A.In1937. B.In1987. C.In1994.19.WhatisthesecretofDominguez'ssuccess?A.Theloveforcooking. B.Thegraspofopportunities. C.Thedesireformoney.20.HowcanCuba'scuisinetourismdevelopaccordingtoAlicia?A.Chefsshouldstudyforeigndishes.B.Thegovernmentshouldinvestmoreinit.C.Localcuisineshouldbelargelypromoted.PassageA—Step2—聽力填空拔高練Text1W:Hi,Eduardo,doyouknowwhattimethetoday?M:Hello!ItstartsatW:ThenIwillleaveanhourearlytoarriveontime.M:Okay,we'llseeeachotherText2M:Thankyouforinvitingmeoverfordinnerthisevening.W:You'rewelcome.Well,helpyourselftosomeshrimps.IboughtthemThey'resofresh.M:Mum...sodelicious.Text3W:I'vereadMoYan'snewbook.Imustadmitthatitisarealmasterpiece.M:Hmm...It'salittlehardformetounderstandtheW:Well,theplotisquitelogicalandnovelforme.Maybeyoucanreadthesummaryfirst.Text4M:Lily,didyouwatchthetalkshowonChannel?W:Ofcourse.Theshowisfantastic.Ithasintroducedmetomanyexcellentauthorsandgoodbooks.M:Icouldn'tagreemore.MyfavoriteauthorwillattendtheshowI’mlookingforwardtoit.Text5M:I'verecently.Ineedtogotothegym.W:I’llgowithyou.I’mgettingM:HowaboutweinviteLucy,too?Shetoldmeshedidn’tknowhowtokilltimeyesterday.Text6W:Hello.It'smyfirstdaywithmyhusbandhere.Iwouldlikeonthelocaltouristspots.M:Noproblem.Havealookatthisbrochureandseeifthere'sanythingyoulike.W:What'sthelike?M:It'sverygood.Ifyoudon'thavetimetogotothenaturalhabitat,youshouldgothere.W:Soundsgood.Myhusbandmustit.Oh,Ididn'tbringmycellphone.Couldyouringhim?M:Okay,tellmehisnumber.Text7M:Ican'tbelievewehavetofinishthereportIneedtospendthewholeweekendworkingonit.W:Yes,butIthinkIcanmakeitM:Maybeyoucouldwriteoneforme,too.W:Noway.Youwon’tlearnanythingifyoudon'tdoyourownwork.M:WhatifItreatyoutodinner?W:I’msorry.Butifyouwantmetolookoveryourreportbeforeyouhanditin,I’dbehappyto.M:Well,Iguessthat’sbetterthannothing.Text8M:Couldyouspareme,Cathy?W:Yes,Michael.What'sup?M:I’vedecidedtoquit.W:Oh,no.Isitbecausewe'removingoutofNewYork?M:Well,that’sonereason.Andthereisstillanotherreason.W:Isee.You'reunsatisfiedwiththesalary?M:No,I’mit.I’veworkedhereButIhaven'thadtimeforotherthings,especiallyintheIdon'tevenhaveaweekendnow.W:Oh,Iunderstand.Honestly,Icanifyouneedarest.M:Thankyou,butIjustwanttogivemyselfenoughtimetodowhatIlike.W:Well,whatcanIsay?I’mreallysorry.ButIunderstandyourdecision.Canyoutellmewhatdoyouwanttodoafter?M:Firstofall,Iwanttotakedrivinglessonsandgetacertificate.ThenIplantopayavisittoTibet.ThisisagoodplaceIalwayswanttogo.PerhapsIwillstaythereforbeforelookingforanewjob.W:Hmm...itisagoodarrangement.Thankyouforeverythingyouhavedonetothecompany.GoodLuck!Text9M:Hi,Alice.Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtime.Youdon'tlookverywell.W:Oh,Daniel.Myjustwentaway,butI’vegotacold.M:Pooryou.Youmustpaymoreattentiontoyourhealthnow.Youmaywhenthecoldgets.W:Thanks.Iwill.I’mgoingtoattendaconferenceinBeijinginafewdays.Idon'tknowifI’llgetovermycoldthen.I’dbetterontime.M:You'reright.Oh,I’vejustcomebackfromBeijing.W:Didyoutravelthere?M:No.Itwasformysister'swedding.Bytheway,autumnistheoftheyearinBeijingandI’msureitwill.W:Soundsgood.Howistheweather?ShouldItakeanycoolclotheswithme?M:Well,thetemperaturevariesgreatlyfrommorningtoevening.You'llneedsomeW:Thanksalot.Areyouavailablenow?Shallwehavedinnertogether?M:Oh,I’dloveto,butmaybenexttime.Youreallyneedagoodrestnow.Andmyiswaitingformeinkindergarten.Text10LocatedatHavana'sPlaayadistrict,LaCocinadeLilliam,namedafteritsownerandcookLilliamDominguez,hasbecomeoneofthemost-visitedoutdoorrestaurantsforinternationaltourists.Thestorydatesbackto.DominguezwasinspiredbyaBraziliansoapoperaonTVandturnedherhouseintoagardenwheredinerscouldenjoytheflavorofthelocalcuisine.,diningismorethanjusteatingsincecustomerscangoonatouraroundthemansion,whereDominguezhaslivedwithherfamilysince“Cookingismypassion.Thatisthesecretofmysuccess,”saidDominguez.Cuba'scuisinemovementstartedintheInthebackgroundofeconomicandsocialtransformation,theprivatesectorappeared.Andthemovementhasgrownrapidlyoverthe.InCuba,thereare600,000employeesworkingfortheprivateareaontheisland.AliciaGarcia,aseniorfoodcriticsaidthathadthepotentialtodevelopcuisinetourismbutlocalcuisinemustbelargelypromoted.PassageB—Step1—聽力選擇練習第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowwillthewomanprobablygototheCityLibrary?A.Bybike. B.Bycar. C.Bybus.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takearest. B.Boardtheplane. C.Leaveforthehotel.3.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toofferaninvitation. B.Tocancelacooperation. C.Tomakeanappointment.4.Howmuchdidthemanpayfortheelectrickettle?A.40dollars. B.20dollars. C.10dollars.5.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inagym. B.Inaclinic. C.Inaworkshop.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whendidthemancomeback?A.OnMonday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.7.WhatdidthemandoinLeeds?A.Hevisitedapark. B.Hedesignedaproduct. C.Hemadeapresentation.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10三個小題。8.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Toaskforleave.B.Tomakeanapology. C.Toreportworkprogress.9.Whowillreplacetheman?A.Nobody. B.Richard. C.Sally.10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutfinishinghisworkontime?A.Doubtful. B.Hopeless. C.Confident.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13三個小題。11.Whatisthewoman’sconcernabouttheman?A.Hisideaofhonesty.B.Hisabsencefromclasses.C.Hisexplanationofbasics.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Joinahistoryclub. B.Memorizesometricks.C.Readuponsomebooks.13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Motherandson. C.Teacherandstudent.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Listeningtoatalk. B.Hostingatalentshow. C.Conductinganinterview.15.WhatdoesAnniedo?A.Sheisawriter. B.Sheisaphotographer. C.Sheisajournalist.16.WhatdoesAnnievaluemostinherjob?A.Curiosity. B.Generosity. C.Courage.17.WhatdoesAnniethinkofherjob?A.Well-paid. B.Rewarding. C.Difficult.聽第10段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.WheredoesYangRuilive?A.Inthesuburbs. B.Inthecitycenter. C.Inaremotevillage.19.What’sYangRui’smainpurposeofrentingasmallvegetablegarden?A.Toreduceworkstress.B.Tohaveorganicvegetables.C.Toinvolvehiskidsinfarming.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Apopularlifestyle. B.Alowcarbonfarm. C.Amonitoringsystem.PassageA—Step2—聽力填空拔高練（聽力原文）Text1W:IhavetototheCityLibrary.Mybikewasbrokenyesterday.M:Icangiveyouaride.W:It’sveryofyou.Text2Text3W:Hello,Mr.Hammer’soffice.ThisisCindy.M:Whenisheavailablethisweek?W:LetmeText4W:Ron,yourelectrickettlelookssosmart.Itmustbeveryexpensive.M:Goodeye,Jane.Guesswhat?SinceItoldmywifeitcostshehasbeencomplaining.ActuallythatisjusthalfofwhatIpaid.Text5M:Hi,areyoudonewiththisweightmachine?W:Yeah,Iam.Iwasjusttryingitout.IthinkImusthavedonesomethingwrong.Myareachingalready.M:MaybeIcanhelp.I’vebeenworkingouthereforText6M:Hey,Jane!W:Hey,John!Ididn’texpecttoseeyou.Didn’tyousayyouwouldbebackon?M:Yes,Idid.Buttheworkwascompletedaheadoftime.SoIcamebacktwodaysearlier.W:HowwasyourbusinesstripinLeeds?Wasyourproductpresentationsuccessful?M:Itwasgreatandthepresentationwasabigsuccess.Manycompaniessignedcontractswithus.W:It’ssocool.Youcanhaveaverynow.Text7M:Excuseme,Mrs.West.Doyouhaveamoment?W:Yes,Kevin.Whatisit?M:Ihopeyoudon’tmindmeasking,butwoulditbepossibleformetotakeacoupleofdaysoffon?W:Whathappened?Iseverythingokay?M:Well,Ineedtodosomehousepainting.W:Isee.Butyouknow,thisis.We’llhavetoaskSallyorRichardtocoverforyou.W:Great.Justremembertofilloutthe“LeaveRequest”form.M:Thanks,Mrs.West.Text8W:Dan,I’dliketohaveawordwithyou.M:Sure,Ms.Martha.W:Iknowyou’vemissedrecently.I’mgettingconcerned.Idon’twantyoutofallbehind,Dan.M:I’msorry,Ms.Martha,butthetruthisthatI’veneverbeengoodat.Tobehonest,Ifailedalmostallmyhistorytests.W:That’sokay,Dan.Sometimesyouneedtogobacktobasics.Onceyoudevelopsometricksfor,placesanddates,historyisaseasyasa-b-c.Youcanalwaysturntomeforhelp.M:Thanks,Ms.Martha.Iamplanningtoreaduponsomehistory.W:I’mgladyouaretakingyourstudiesseriously.Ifyouareinterested,youcanalsosignupforahistory.Ithinkitwouldhelpyoutokeepupwiththeotherstudents.M:Thanksforyoursuggestion,Ms.Martha.I’mhopingIcanyourclassinthenearfuture.Text9M:Annie,thankyoufortakingtimeoutofyourbusytojoinourtalk