高中英語(yǔ)句法大全

高中英語(yǔ)句法大全——名詞性從句

發(fā)表日期：2015年1月20日作者：雒喜彪

名詞性從句

一.概念

名詞性從句共有四利I:主語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

二.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講

1.主語(yǔ)從句：主語(yǔ)從句在整個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)。

⑴不同于其它的連詞，它不充當(dāng)句子的成分，只是單純的連接詞，通常不可以省略。分

句置于句首時(shí)，that絕對(duì)不可以省略。

Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.

Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.

(2)if不能用在主語(yǔ)從句中，而是用whether

Whetherheleft(ornot)isunknown

⑶當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)，下面這個(gè)句型例外。

Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.

Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.

2.表語(yǔ)從句：表語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在系動(dòng)詞后，充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。

Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.

Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.

(1)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句除了上述三類詞外還有because,asif/asthough等等

Thereason(why/forwhich…)isthat...

It/This/Thatisbecause...

(2)連系動(dòng)詞uappear,look,seem”的兩個(gè)常用句型

Itseems/appearsthat***.

Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough...(與事實(shí)相符用陳述語(yǔ)氣，與事實(shí)相反用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)

(3)as也可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句

Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe

3.賓語(yǔ)從句：及物動(dòng)詞，形容詞和介詞后加賓語(yǔ)從句作其賓語(yǔ)。

(1)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)與主句相呼應(yīng)，但賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀真理或普遍現(xiàn)象除外

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun

(2)連詞whether和if可以互換，但注意下列情況

連詞后緊跟ornot時(shí)用whether

Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.

作介詞賓語(yǔ)是用whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.

連接詞后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether

Hedoesn'tknowwhethertostayornot.

如果賓語(yǔ)從句是否定時(shí)，一般用if引導(dǎo)

Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.

(3)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句后帶賓補(bǔ)時(shí),要用“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+賓補(bǔ)+that-clause,that不可省略

Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.

(4)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是I,we，主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，

用否定轉(zhuǎn)移

Idon'tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?

(5)that在賓語(yǔ)從句?？梢允÷?，但由and或but連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，僅可以

省略第一個(gè)連詞that

Hesaid(that)hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn,thungry.

(6)注意區(qū)別if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句

Idon'tknowifhewillcome.

Ifhecomes,I'11letyouknow.

4.同位語(yǔ)從句，在句中作某些名詞的同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)前面的名詞進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。用在下列名詞

fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt,truth,order,suggestion,word

etc.

(1)Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.

Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.

Thereisnopossibilitythat….

(2)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：

在同位語(yǔ)從句中：that不可以省略，不作成分;定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句作成

分，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略

Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.

Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.

when,where引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：

在定語(yǔ)從句中，when,where前有分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的先行詞；而在同位語(yǔ)從句中無(wú)此

對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系

Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.(同位語(yǔ)從句)

Goandgetyourcoat.lt,sintheplacewhereyouleftit.(定語(yǔ)從句)

5.疑問詞-ever既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而nomatter+疑問

詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.

Ibelieverwhateverhesays.Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.

who與whoever的區(qū)別

who是“誰(shuí)”的意思，表示具有疑問，who相當(dāng)于anyonewho"無(wú)論誰(shuí)”

Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?

6.當(dāng)名詞性從句缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞通常用what,它相當(dāng)于。另外，有時(shí)

具有感嘆意義allthat,anythingthat或thething(s)that

Whatwecan'tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.

TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.

7.注意區(qū)分it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句

強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that,句子仍然成立。

Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主語(yǔ)從句

Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.強(qiáng)調(diào)句

Whatwasitthathewanted?Idon,tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.

Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem

8.注意it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句和as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的不同

Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.

Asisknowntoall.theearthisround.三.鞏固練習(xí)

1.hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.

A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If

2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____

A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout

C.hadthequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout

3.Energyis____makesthingwork..

A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that

4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbe

admittedintouniversities.

A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as

5.Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.

A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when

6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.

A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhego

C.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone

7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatientysfear____hewoulddieofthe

disease.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat

8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.

A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleave

C./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave

9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.

A.There;thatB.It;thatC.there;whetherD.It;whether

10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.

A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if

11.Ishesaidreallytrue?

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether

12.themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn'tmatter.

A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where

13.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.

A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for

14.-i-imorecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobe

seen.

A.WhetherB.ThisC.whoD.If

15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If

16.,____youdon,tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How

17..____alltheinventionshaveincommonis___theyhavesucceeded.

A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what

18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.

A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That

19.Itiswidelythatsmokingcancausecancer.

A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped

20.causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.

A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where

21.healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who

22.haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.

A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who

23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?

AthatBitChisDhe

24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.

A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat

25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.

A.thatdoB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;dose

26Itissaid_________wasall____hesaid.

Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which

27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.

A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever

28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.

A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what

29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.

A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which

30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.

AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy

31.ThereasonIplantogois__shewillbedisappointedifIdon't.

A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what

32.Whattimedoyouthink_?

A.willTomcomebackB.Tomwillcomeback

C.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere

33.Theteachersaidthatlight__fasterthansound.

A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels

34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.

A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that

35.Ifyouknow__itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that

36.Insomecountries,_arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

37.Thinking__youknow___infactyoudon,tisaterriblemistake.

A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.whatthat

38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust__worriesthe

public.

A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what

39.Whydon'tyoubring__tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?

A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it

40.DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That,swhyshehasmadeuphermindto

leavewithhim___happens.

A.whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever

C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however

41.Thatis__Iwasbornandgrewup.

A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace

42.shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because

43.wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.

A.