2023-2024學年廣西桂林市高二下學期期末質量檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE2廣西桂林市2023-2024學年高二下學期期末質量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMikeprobablydothisafternoon?A.Attendaparty.B.Movetoanewplace.C.GetsomebooksfromDavid.2.Whydoesthemanhavetostayindoors?A.Hecaughtacold.B.Hisfootwasinjured.C.Theweatheristerrible.3.WhatisHarrylikeintheman'sopinion?A.Outgoing.B.Talkative.C.Quiet.4.Howmuchdidthespeakersspendlastmonth?A.$1,400.B.$1,500.C.$1,900.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theheavytraffic.B.Theirworkproblems.C.Thegovernment'smeasures.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atagrocerystore.7.WhatisLisagoingtodonext?A.Havesomewater.B.Lookforaphone.C.Pickuphermother.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至9題。8.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Studytogether.B.Seeafilm.C.GotoDon'shouse.9.Howwillthespeakersgetthere?A.Bysubway.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至12題。10.Whywasthenewautomationsysteminstalled?A.Toprotectcollections.B.Toattractmorereaders.C.Tosavemorespace.11.Whatpercentageofenergycanbesavedyearly?A.72%.B.38%.C.28%.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Friends.C.Studentandlibrarian.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredidthewomanspendhervacation?A.InNewYorkCity.B.InMiddleville.C.InMiami.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'stripatfirst?A.Boring.B.Exciting.C.Unique.15.Howdidthewomanlearnaboutthestrangehistoryoftheplace?A.Bychattingwiththeoldatabar.B.Byvisitingtraditionalshops.C.Byeatingatlocalrestaurants.16.Whatdoesthemanshowmuchinterestinabouttheplace?A.Itsoldstreets.B.Itswinefestival.C.Itssimplepeople.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至20題。17.WhatmadeBarrymorefamousattheageofseven?A.AStevenSpielbergmovie.B.AdogfoodTVadvertisement.C.ThesciencefictionAlteredStates.18.WhatwasBarrymore'sdreamasayoungadult?A.Toactindramas.B.Tostarincomedies.C.Tomakeherownmovies.19.WhendidBarrymoreproducethefilmNeverBeenKissed?A.In1995.B.In1999.C.In2005.20.WhatdidBarrymoredoafterthe2010Haitianearthquake?A.ShebeganworkingfortheUNWFP.B.Shepersuadedpeopletodonatemoney.C.ShetaughtpeopletomakeYouTubevideos.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。ADidyouknowyoucanvisittheGreatWallofChina,seefamouspaintingsorcheckinonyourfavouritezooanimalswithoutleavinghome?Thatsgoodnewsanytime.Herearesomeofexplore-the-world-from-homeideas.THEGREATWALL,CHINAThisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It’softensaidit’stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.VISITthechinaguide.com/destination/great-wall-of-chinaCINCINNATIZOO,USThisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours.“We’rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,”saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard.“Thegoalwiththedailylivesessionsistoprovidefunandeducationalcontenttopeoplewhoarestayingathome.”VISITcincinnatizoo.org/home-safari-resourcesSMITHSONIAN,USTheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams(視頻直播)oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore.VISITsi.edu/kidsMUSEED’ORSAY,FRANCETakesometimetostudythepaintingsofMonet,Cezanne,andGauguinattheMuseeD’Orsay,Paris.VISIT:m.musee-orsay.fr/enMARSAndforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA’sCuriosityrover.VISITaccessmars.withgoogle.com1.HowcanwedescribetheGreatWallaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Old. B.Popular. C.Splendid. D.Well-organized.2.WhatdoCINCINNATIZOOandSMITHSONIANhaveincommon?A.Theyrequirevisitorstofillinforms. B.Theyoffervisualfeastsaboutanimals.C.Theyeducatepeopletoprotectanimals. D.Theyprovidelivestreamsoftheiranimals.3.Whichoneissuitableforthosewhoareinterestedinspace?A.THEGREATWALL. B.CINCINNATIZOO.C.SMITHSONIAN. D.MARS.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應用文。文章介紹了在家里可以游覽世界各地?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中THEGREATWALL,CHINA“Thisincrediblelandmarkisacollectionofwalls.It’softensaidit’stheonlyhuman-madestructurethatcanbeseenfromtheMoonbutthatclaimwasmademanyyearsbeforeanyonehadbeentotheMoon.Today,theGreatWallisgenerallyrecognizedasoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalfeatsinhistory.(這個令人難以置信的地標是一組墻壁。人們常說，它是唯一能從月球上看到的人造建筑，但這種說法是在有人登上月球之前很多年提出的。今天，長城被公認為歷史上最令人印象深刻的建筑壯舉之一。)”可知，長城是最令人印象深刻的建筑之一，所以是壯觀的。故選C。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CINCINNATIZOO,US“Thisfamouszooisofferingvirtualanimal-watchingtours.“We’rebringingthezootopeoplewhoarestuckathome,”saidzoodirectorThaneMaynard.(這家著名的動物園提供虛擬動物觀賞之旅。動物園園長塞恩·梅納德說:“我們將把動物園帶給那些被困在家里的人。)”以及SMITHSONIAN,US“TheSmithsonianMuseumandNationalZoohasalargerangeofexhibitsavailabletoviewonline,includingAnimalCams—livestreams(視頻直播)oftheiranimalenclosuressoyoucangetupclosewithlions,pandas,elephantsandmore.(史密森尼博物館和國家動物園有大量的展品可供在線觀看，包括動物攝像機——動物圍欄的直播流，這樣你就可以近距離接觸獅子、熊貓、大象等。)”可知，這兩個地方都提供關于動物的視覺盛宴。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章MARS中“Andforatrulyout-of-this-worldexperiencefromthecomfortofyourownhome,takeavirtualtourofMars.ThetourimagesarerecordedbyNASA’sCuriosityrover.(如果你想在自己舒適的家中獲得真正的世界外體驗，那就來一次虛擬的火星之旅吧。這些旅行圖像是由美國宇航局的好奇號火星車記錄的。)”可知，MARS適合對太空感興趣的人。故選D。BWalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum(泡泡糖),diedatage93.MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand.“Itwasanaccident,”MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal.“Iwasdoingsomethingelseandendedupwithsomethingwithbubbles.”Americanshadbeenchewinggumsince1870,whenaNewYorkernamedCharlesAdamsbeganmanufacturingitinaManhattanwarehouse.Bythe1920s,ahandfulofcompaniesweremakinggumfromchicle,aformofsapodillatreesap(樹液)thathadbeenchewedinBelize,GuatemalaandMexicoforcenturies.MrDiemer'spinkconcoction(調和物)wasstretchierandlessstickythanearlierrecipes.FleerCo.tookovertherecipeandcalleditDubbleBubble,sellingthegumforapennyapiece.MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct.DubbleBubblehadnocompetitionuntilafterWorldWarII,whenToppsCo.beganwrappingbubblegumincomicsandcallingitBazooka.MrDiemer,whohadbegunworkingforFleerafterhighschool,neverreceivedroyaltiesforhisinvention,saidhiswife,FlorenceFreemanKohlerDiemer.Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid.Herarely,chewedgum,buthewouldinvitechildrentohishomeandtellthemabouthisinvention,thenpresideoverbubble-blowingcontests,hiswifesaid.“Hewasterrificallyproudofit,”shesaid.“Hewouldsaytome,‘I’vedonesomethingwithmylife;I’vemadekidshappyaroundtheworld.’”MrDiemereventuallybecameseniorvicepresidentofFleer,retiringin1970.4.Whatdoesparagraphtwomainlytalkabout?A.Thefunctionofgumbases.B.TheworkingexperienceofDiemer.C.TheprocessofDiemerinventingbubblegum.D.Thedifferencebetweenbubblegumandchewinggum.5.HowdidDiemerhelpmarketbubblegum?A.Byreducingitsproductioncost. B.Byconstantlyimprovingtherecipes.C.Bywrappingitinfascinatingpackaging. D.Bytellingsalespeoplehowtoblowbubbles.6.WhydidchildrenwriteletterstoDiemer?A.BecausetheyhadsomethingtoaskDiemer.B.Becausetheywantedtoexpresstheirgratitude.C.Becausetheyhopedtogetpermissiontovisithim.D.BecausetheywereimpressedbyDiemer’sgenerosity.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducetheinventorofbubblegum.B.ToexplainthereasonsforDiemer'ssuccess.C.Todescribethehealthbenefitsofbubblegum.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofmarketingstrategies.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了WalterDiemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過程，以及他對此的態(tài)度和影響?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“MrDiemerwasanaccountantforFleerChewingGumCo.inPhiladelphiawhenhebegantestingrecipesforagumbase,thepartthatmakesgumchewy,inhissparetimein1928.Hecreatedthefirstbatchofbubblegumbychance,makingitpinkbecausethatwastheonlyshadeoffoodcoloringonhand.“Itwasanaccident,”MrDiemersaidina1996interviewwiththeLancasterIntelligencerJournal.”（MrDiemer是費城Fleer口香糖公司的一名會計，1928年，他利用業(yè)余時間開始試驗一種膠基的配方，膠基是使口香糖具有嚼勁的部分。他偶然創(chuàng)造了第一批泡泡糖，把它做成粉紅色，因為這是當時唯一的食用色素。1996年，迪默在接受LancasterIntelligencerJournal采訪時表示:“這是一次意外?！保┛芍?，第二段主要是關于Diemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過程。故選C。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“MrDiemerhelpedmarketDubbleBubblebyteachingsalesmentoblowbubblessotheycoulddemonstratetheproduct.”（Diemer通過教銷售人員吹泡泡來展示產(chǎn)品，從而幫助推廣泡泡糖。）可推知，Diemer是通過告訴銷售人員如何吹泡泡來幫助推廣泡泡糖的。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Hedidreceivehundredsoflettersfromchildrenthankinghimforbubblegum,shesaid.”（他的妻子說，他確實收到了數(shù)百封孩子們感謝他發(fā)明泡泡糖的信。）可推知，孩子們給Diemer寫信是因為他們想表達對他的感激。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“WalterDiemer,whoinventedbubblegum(泡泡糖),diedatage93.”（發(fā)明泡泡糖的沃爾特·迪默去世，享年93歲。）以及下文可知，短文主要講述了WalterDiemer發(fā)明泡泡糖的過程，以及他對此的態(tài)度和影響。所以短文的目的是介紹泡泡糖的發(fā)明者。故選A項。CIsiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.Howcanweunderstandwhat’shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel.Hertheory’smoststrikingclaimisthatphysicalandemotionalsensitivityareoneandthesame.Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy(共鳴);responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm.Intheworkplace,HSPsareusuallythehighestperformers,yetthefirsttogettiredout.Theycanstruggleinrelationships,astheytendtobepeople-pleasing.Theabilitytoconnectisofhugevalueandhighersensitivityislinkedwithcreativity,brillianceandhigherIQ.Thetraitissharedbypioneersacrossscience,businessandthearts—anyonewhonoticesdetailsothersdon’t,makesconnectionstheycan’t.Nomatterwhatyoucallit,sensitivityisdefinedastheabilitytosense,process,andresponddeeplytoone’senvironment.Peoplewhoaresensitivenaturallypickupmoreinformationfromtheirenvironment,processitmoredeeply,andareultimatelymoreshapedbyit.Muchofthisdeepprocessinghappensinvoluntarilyandmanysensitivepeoplearen’tevenawarethattheydoit.Abetterwordforsensitivemightberesponsive.Ifyouareahighlysensitiveperson,yourbodyandmindrespondmoretotheworldaroundyou.Yourespondmoretoheartbreak,painandloss,butyoualsorespondmoretobeauty,newideasandjoy.Yougodeepwhereothersonlyskimthesurface.Youkeepthinkingwhenothershavegivenupandmovedontosomethingelse.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thedefinitionofsensitivity. B.ThefeaturesofanHSP.C.ThewaysofdealingwithanHSP. D.Thecauseofhighsensitivity.9.WhatdoweknowaboutanHSP?A.AnHSPoftendemonstrateslowworkingefficiency.B.Thetermreferstoapatienttroubledbymentalproblems.C.AnHSPrespondsmoretothenegativethantothepositive.D.Thetermwascreatedbyafemalepsychologistinthe1990s.10.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardshighsensitivity?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Disapproving. D.Concerned.11.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Amedicaljournal. B.Anewsreport.C.Ascientificmagazine. D.Ahealthmagazine.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了高敏感人群的特點，在高敏感人群的聚光燈下，他們對身體和情感有著敏銳的注意力?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.(你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術會讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個高度敏感的人。)”可知，本段主要描述的是高敏感的人的特征。故選B。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Howcanweunderstandwhat’shappeninginsideanHSP?Thetermwascoinedin1996bypsychologistElaineAronandshearguedthatsensitivebrainsareuniquelytiredtoprocesstheirenvironmentatadeeplevel.(我們如何理解熱休克蛋白內部發(fā)生了什么?這個詞是由心理學家伊萊恩·阿倫在1996年創(chuàng)造的，她認為敏感的大腦在深層處理環(huán)境時特別疲憊。)”可知，HSP這一術語是由女心理學家ElaineAron提出的。故選C。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Badnews—ormaybegood.(壞消息——或許是好消息。)”以及第二段“Acomplicatedattentiontobodylanguagestrengthensempathy(共鳴);responsivenesstosubtlephysicalsignalscreatesrichsensationsinHSPs,butcanalsooverwhelm.(對肢體語言的復雜關注增強了同理心；對微妙的身體信號的反應會讓高敏感人群產(chǎn)生豐富的感覺，但也會讓他們不知所措。)”作者認為高敏感的人既有好處又有壞處；可知，作者對高敏感的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Isiteasyforyoutofeelscared?Doesartmakeyoucry?Doyoufeelotherpeople’sfeelings?Ontheotherhand,doyoutendtobeoverwhelmedbycrowds,brightlightsorstrongperfume?Badnews—ormaybegood.YoucouldbeanHSP,ahighlysensitiveperson.(你很容易感到害怕嗎?藝術會讓你哭泣嗎?你能感受到別人的感受嗎?另一方面，你是否容易被人群、明亮的燈光或濃烈的香水所淹沒?壞消息——或許是好消息。你可能是HSP，一個高度敏感的人。)”以及全文內容可知，本文介紹了高敏感認識，講述其性格與心理特征，屬于科普類的文章，所以可能來自于科學雜志。故選C。DHumpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey.Now,researchershaveshedlightonanotheraspectofwhalebehavior:Playingwithkelp(巨藻)theyfindfloatingintheocean—movingitbetweentheirfins,rollingaroundwithit,and,mostinterestingly,wearingitatoptheirheadslikeahat.Thisbehavior—calledkelping—hasbeendescribedinanewstudyasa“globalphenomenon”.There’snodoubtkelpinglooksfun.Butcouldithaveanotherpurpose?OlafMeynecke,researchfellowatGriffithUniversityandco-authorofthestudy,thinksso--especiallyconsideringthatwhalescankeepitupfor30to40minutes.What’sparticularlyintriguingaboutkelpingisthewaythathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads,saysMeynecke.TheyplacekelpontheirforeheadinoverhalftherecordedinstancesBaleenspeciesarebelievedtolikehavingtheirheadsscratched--graywhalesareknownforapproachingwhalewatchingboatsforatickleonthenose.Becausewhalesdon’thavehandstoscratchthemselves,likewedo,Meyneckesuggests"theymightseekoutothertactilesensationsthatjustfeelgood".Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites(寄生物)andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice(虱)andskininfections,saysMeynecke.Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke’smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping.“SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,’”hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit.12.Whatcanwelearnabouthumpbackwhales?A.Theymigratealoneeveryyear. B.Theyarenaughtyandgoodatsports.C.Theyhaveanearformusic. D.Theycooperatecloselywhilehunting.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intriguing”inparagraph3mean?A.Dangerous. B.Fascinating. C.Optimistic. D.Worthwhile.14.WhatfunctiondoesseaweedpossessaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Resistingbacteria. B.Removingdirtfromtheskin.C.Enhancingimmunesystem. D.Preventingthegrowthofparasites.15.Whatmightbetalkedaboutnextinthearticle?A.Explorethebenefitofkelping. B.Analyzetheharmofkelptowhales.C.Researchintootherspecies’behavior. D.Advocatefortheprotectionofmarineanimals〖答案〗12.D13.B14.A15.A【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文。文章主要介紹了座頭鯨的一種特殊行為——與巨藻互動，探討了這一行為的有趣之處及可能存在的生物學意義，如尋求觸覺刺激、利用巨藻的抗菌特性等，并提及了該研究引起廣泛關注的情況，預示著未來可能有更多的相關研究?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Humpbackwhalesarewellknownfortheirfascinatingculture:Thesemysteriousanimalsmigratethousandsofmileseveryyear,singcharmingsongs,leapfromthewaterinanenormousbreach,andcollaboratewhilehunting--creatingbubblenetsthattraptheirprey.(座頭鯨以其迷人的文化而聞名：這些神秘的動物每年遷徙數(shù)千英里，唱著迷人的歌曲，從巨大的缺口中跳出水面，并在捕獵時合作——制造氣泡網(wǎng)來捕獲獵物。)”可知，座頭鯨在狩獵時會密切合作，比如它們會創(chuàng)造氣泡網(wǎng)來困住獵物。故選D?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。由文章第三段中“thathumpbacksfromdifferentpopulations—inboththeNorthernandSouthernHemispheres—allprefertowearseaweedonthetopoftheirheads(來自北半球和南半球不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡在頭頂戴海藻)”可知，intriguing這個詞用來形容座頭鯨對巨藻玩耍行為的方式，特別是不同種群的座頭鯨都喜歡把巨藻戴在頭頂這一點。根據(jù)上下文，這個詞在這里的意思應該是“吸引人的，令人感興趣的”。A.Dangerous危險的；B.Fascinating迷人的，極有吸引力的；C.Optimistic樂觀的；D.Worthwhile值得的。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Whalesmightalsobetreatingkelplikeacleansingfacemask,asseaweedhasantimicrobialqualitiesthatcanreducelevelsofbacteria.Rubbingkelpacrosstheirbodiesmayalsoremoveparasites(寄生物)andshedbacterialandviralgrowthstopreventthemgettingcompletelyovergrownwithsealice(虱)andskininfections,saysMeynecke.(鯨魚也可能把巨藻當作清潔面膜，因為巨藻具有抗菌特性，可以減少細菌水平。Meynecke說，在他們的身體上摩擦海帶也可以去除寄生蟲，并排出細菌和病毒的生長，以防止他們完全被海虱和皮膚感染所覆蓋。)”可知，巨藻具有抗菌特性，能夠減少細菌水平，這意味著巨藻具有抵抗細菌的功能。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Thestudyhascaughttheattentionofresearchersglobally,andMeynecke’smailboxhasbeenfloodedwithpeoplewhohavealsoseenkelping.“SomeonefromTahitiwaslike,‘Weseeitallthetime,’”hesays.Nowthephenomenonhasbeenhighlightedglobally,whichcouldleadtofurtherresearchintothebehavior,itsbenefits,andevenifotherspeciesdoit.(這項研究引起了全球研究人員的注意，Meynecke的郵箱里也擠滿了看到幫助的人?！皝碜訲ahiti的人說，‘我們一直都能看到這種情況，’”他說?，F(xiàn)在這種現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)在全球范圍內得到了強調，這可能會導致對這種行為及其益處的進一步研究，甚至其他物種也會這樣做。)”可知，接下來文章可能會討論探索巨藻的好處。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax.___16___.Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain.GettingsomeexerciseItmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful.___17___.Ashortwalkatlunchtimecandothejobaswellasmoreintenseorlongerexercises.___18___Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers.Maybethatyoungmomstrugglingwithababycoulduseyourseatonthebus.Hasthatbusinessmanwiththedozenrosesfoundlove?Whatwillthatstudentdofortheworld?Evenifyouneverknowthetruth,steppingoutsideofyourownthoughtscanbringinsightsandfreedoms,alwaysthingsofvalue.NatureWalkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing.___19___.Peacefulcolors,freshoxygen,pleasingtextures,andsoothingsoundscreateaperfectspotforquietthinkingorcloudwatching.Changingseasonsmaybringbackfondmemoriesorgivehopefornewideas.Andasimplegardenorevenanindoorplantcaninspirehopeeverytimewelookatit.AnimalsIfyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon’thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend’shouse.___20___Theydeservecompanionshipandcarejustasyoudo.A.WatchingpeopleB.ChangingsurroundingsC.However,naturedoesn’talwayshelpD.NaturemakesnodemandsofusyetgivessomuchE.BeingaroundthemalwayscarriesapeacefulmagicF.Butthat’ssomethingourbrainneedstorepairandrestoreitselfG.Butmovingthebodyhelpsclearthemindaswellasrelaxthebody〖答案〗16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾種放松大腦的方式?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Withmodernlifesojam-packedwithactivitiesandstimulation,itishardtocompletelyunplugandrelax.(現(xiàn)代生活充斥著各種活動和刺激，很難完全放松。)”和空后“Soherearesomewaystorelaxyourbrain.(因此，有一些放松大腦的方式。)”，可知，空前提到現(xiàn)代生活有著很多活動和刺激，因此很難放松，空后提出一些能幫助放松大腦的方式，故F項“但是，有一些我們大腦需要自我修復和恢復的東西?！狈希c空前構成轉折關系，并引出空后提到的一些方式，故選F項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Gettingsomeexercise(鍛煉身體)”可知，本段主要介紹通過鍛煉的方式來放松大腦。且根據(jù)空前“Itmightsoundstrangetotalkaboutexerciseasbeingrestful.(把鍛煉說成一種休息，聽起來可能很奇怪。)”可知，空前提到把鍛煉說成休息很奇怪，故此空應該提出鍛煉能放松大腦，故G項“但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體?！狈?，與空前構成轉折關系，把鍛煉說成休息很奇怪，但是鍛煉有助于理清思路，放松身體，故選G項。【18題詳析】設空處為小標題；根據(jù)本段內容“Alotofourtimeisspentwaiting.Insteadofstressingaboutunfinishedtasks,takealookaroundyou.Busesandgrocerystorelinesofferaglimpseintothelivesofothers.(我們很多時間都花在了等待上。與其為未完成的任務感到有壓力，不如看看周圍的人。公交車上和雜貨店的線路讓我們得以一窺他人的生活。)”可知，本段主要介紹通過觀察周圍的人來放松大腦，故A項“觀察人”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為小標題，故選A項?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Nature(自然)”可知，本段主要介紹通過大自然來放松大腦，且根據(jù)空前“Walkingorsittinginnaturalsurroundingsisanopportunityforhealing.(在自然環(huán)境中散步或坐著是一個治愈的機會。)”可知，空前提到在大自然中散步和坐著是一個治愈的機會，故D項“大自然對我們沒有要求，卻給予了我們很多?！狈?，D項進一步說明大自然給我們帶來的好處，是一個治愈的機會，對我們沒有要求，卻給予了我們很多，故選D項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段小標題“Animals(動物)”可知，本段主要介紹通過動物的參與來放松大腦，且根據(jù)空前“Ifyouhaveacatordog,youareprobablyfamiliarwiththepeacefulfeelingswatchinganimalsorpettingtheirfur.Ifyoudon'thaveanyanimalsofyourown,youcanstillinteractwithavarietyofspecieswhenyouvisitorvolunteeratbutterflyhouses,zoos,aquariums,orevenafriend'shouse.(如果你養(yǎng)了貓或者狗，你可能對觀察動物或者撫摸它們的皮毛的平靜感很熟悉。如果你沒有自己的動物，當你在蝴蝶館、動物園、水族館甚至朋友家里觀察或當志愿者時，你仍然可以與各種動物互動。)”可知，空前提到了有沒有養(yǎng)貓或狗，都可以與動物互動，故此處應講述與動物互動帶來的好處，故E項“在他們身邊待著總是有一種平靜的魔力?！狈险Z境。故選E項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Originally,JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend___21___indifferentclassroomseveryday.John’sschoolisvery___22___.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun___23___acrossthecampus,rainorshine.Becauseheranthroughthesamepatheveryday,otherstudentsbeganto___24___him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould___25___him.Soonhis___26___begantocirculateoncampus:ThatJohnrunningtoclassdaily.Asaresult,moreandmorestudentsbegantocometoseeJohn___27___forclass.Thisscenebecameaunique___28___inthecampus.SomeonecreatedaTiktokaccountto___29___hisrunningtoclasseveryday.SeveralvideosofJohnrunninghavealready___30___tensofmillionsoflikes.JohnbecameanInternetcelebrity.Gradually,the___31___behindJohn’srunningtoclasswasrevealed.Johnisactuallyaforeignstudent.HisEnglishisnotvery___32___butheworkedveryhard.Theclassroomsof6thand7thclasseswerefarapart,___33___inordernottobelate,heranawayimmediatelywhenheheardthebell.Afterhearingthis,peoplealsofeltthisscenewasvery___34___andfeltthisiswhatacampusshouldlooklike.Everyoneneedsthatpositive___35___.ThisisliterallyForrestGump2.0.21.A.meetings B.school C.classes D.college22.A.small B.large C.rich D.poor23.A.quickly B.slowly C.sadly D.eagerly24.A.discover B.ignore C.influence D.recognize25.A.askfor B.lookfor C.leavefor D.cheerfor26.A.name B.voice C.fame D.honor27.A.walking B.rushing C.playing D.flying28.A.change B.error C.view D.chance29.A.record B.emphasize C.prevent D.promote30.A.hidden B.lost C.missed D.received31.A.secret B.story C.topic D.excuse32.A.bad B.special C.good D.common33.A.but B.so C.unless D.though34.A.funny B.normal C.strange D.warm35.A.energy B.result C.sport D.courage〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了普通高中學生JohnBravo因為每天快速奔跑穿梭于校園中去上課而意外成為校園名人乃至網(wǎng)絡紅人的故事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天跑到不同的教室去上課。A.meetings會議；B.school學校；C.classes課程；D.college大學。根據(jù)上文的“JohnBravowasjustanordinaryhighschoolstudentinGeorgia.Heranaroundtoattend”可知，John是一名高中生，因此他每天跑著去的是“課程”。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：John的學校非常大。A.small小的；B.large大的；C.rich富有的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)下文的“Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun”可知，為了不遲到，John不得不快速穿過校園，暗示學校面積大。故選B。【23題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：無論晴雨，他都得快速地穿越校園。A.quickly快速地；B.slowly慢慢地；C.sadly悲傷地；D.eagerly渴望地。根據(jù)上文的“John’sschoolisvery2.Inordernottobelate,Johnhastorun”和下文的“acrossthecampus”可知，為了不遲到，John應該是“快速地”跑過校園。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因為他每天都跑同樣的路線，其他學生開始認出他。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignore忽視；C.influence影響；D.recognize認出。根據(jù)上文的“Becauseheranthroughthesamepatheveryday,otherstudentsbeganto”可知，由于每天重復的行為，其他學生開始“認出”他。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有時站在他旁邊的一些學生會為他歡呼。A.askfor請求；B.lookfor尋找；C.leavefor動身去；D.cheerfor為……歡呼。根據(jù)上文的“Johnhastorun3acrossthecampus”和“otherstudentsbeganto4him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould”可知，他快速地穿越校園時，應該是同學們?yōu)樗懿降男袨榧佑汀皻g呼”。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，他的名字在校園里流傳開來。A.name名字；B.voice嗓音；C.fame名聲；D.honor榮譽。根據(jù)上文的“otherstudentsbeganto4him,andsometimesafewstudentsstandingnexttohimwould5him.”和下文的“begantocirculateoncampus:ThatJohnrunningtoclassdaily”可知，其他學生開始認出他，一些學生會為他歡呼，John跑步的事情讓他的名字在校園里流傳開來。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：結果，越來越多的學生開始來看John沖去上課。A.walking走；B.rushing沖；C.playing玩；D.flying飛。根據(jù)上文的“Johnhastorun3acrossthecampus”可知，John是跑著去上課的，因此這里指“沖”去上課。故選B。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一場景成為了校園里一個獨特的景象。A.change變化；B.error錯誤；C.view景象；D.chance機會。根據(jù)上文的“Thisscenebecameaunique”可知，這里指John跑步上課成為了一道獨特的“景象”。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有人創(chuàng)建了一個TikTok賬號來記錄他每天跑去上課的情景。A.record記錄；B.emphasize強調；C.prevent阻止；D.promote促進。根據(jù)上文的“SomeonecreatedaTiktokaccountto”可知，創(chuàng)建賬號的目的是“