大學(xué)英語六級考試模擬試卷九十六（帶答案）

大學(xué)英語六級考試模擬試卷九十六

（總分：710.00,做題時間：130分鐘）

PartIWriting（總題數(shù)：1,分數(shù):0.00）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayon

directandindirectexperiencebyreferringtothesaying"You'lllearnmoreabouta

roadbytravelingitthanbyconsultingallthemapsintheworld."Youcangive

examplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowyoucangetmoredirect

experience.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分數(shù):106.50）

正確答案：(［范文］

I'veheardasaying:"You'lllearnmoreaboutaroadbytravelingitthanby

consultingallthemapsintheworld."Thissayingisintendedtotellusthatadirect

experienceissuperiortoasecond-handone.

Itotallyagreewiththissaying.Itisquiteimpossibletoconsultallthemapsin

theworldonlyforlearningaboutaroad.Evenifwecould,theinformationweget

wouldstillbelessthanweexperiencingit.Thissayingisalsotrueinmanyother

aspects.Learningswimmingisacaseinpoint.Wecanneverbecomeaswimming

masterwithoutjumpingintothepoolnomatterhowmanyswimmingtechnique

bookswe'veread.That'sbecausewearepersonallyonthescene.Whatwesee,hear,

smell,tasteandtoucharesocompleteandrealthatnoindirectexperiencecanbe

comparable.

Inordertogetmoredirectexperience,we'dbetterjumpoutofthecomfort

zoneandpersonallypracticeasmuchaspossible,insteadoflearningonlyfrom

booksormedia.Onlybydoingsocanwegetafirsthandexperience.)

解析：這是一篇名言分析型的作文，要求考生根據(jù)題目中的名言“比起參

考世界上所有的地圖，親自去走一條路會獲得更多信息”來分析直接經(jīng)驗與間接

經(jīng)驗，并舉例論證，接著講述如何獲得直接經(jīng)驗。

第一段：簡單引述名言的涵義：直接經(jīng)驗勝于間接經(jīng)驗。

第二段：論證名言的說法，并舉例說明。

第三段：講述如何去獲得更多的直接經(jīng)驗。

［參考譯文］

我聽過一句話：“比起參考世界上所有的地圖，親自去走一條路會獲得更

多信息?！边@句話旨在告訴我們：直接經(jīng)驗勝于間接經(jīng)驗。

我完全同意這個說法。僅僅為了知曉一條道路而去參考世界上所有的地圖,

這是很不可能的事情。即使我們能夠這樣做，所得到的信息也不及親自去體驗的

多。這句話在很多其他方面也是正確的。學(xué)游泳就是一個恰當?shù)睦?。如果我?/p>

不下水游泳，我們不會成為游泳健將,無論我們讀過多少本游泳技巧方面的書籍。

因為我們身臨其境，我們所看到、聽到、聞到、嘗到、摸到的是如此的完整和真

實，以至于沒有任何間接經(jīng)驗?zāi)鼙鹊蒙稀?/p>

為了獲得更多的直接經(jīng)驗，我們應(yīng)該跳出舒適區(qū)，盡可能多地身體力行，

而不僅僅是通過書本或者各種媒體來學(xué)習(xí)。只有這樣我們才能獲得直接經(jīng)驗。

PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：8,分數(shù):0.00）

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數(shù)：28.40）

A.AttheendofMarch.V

B.lnthemiddleofApril.

C.AtthebeginningofMay.

D.AttheendofMay.

解析：［聽力原文］

M:Comein,Rose.Coffee?

W:Thankyou,Jack.

M:HowaboutthevisitbythedelegationfromPoland?

W:Well,Istilldon*tgetit.Doweknowwhentheyarecoming?

M:Weofferedthem3choices.TheendofMarch,themiddleofAprilandthe

beginningofMay.

W:Yeah.

M:Andtheychosetheearliestone,whichisgoodbecauseweareratherbusy

inMay.

W:True.Butwedoneeddefinitedatesoftheircomingandhowmanyare

coming.Thereweresixofthemlasttime.Didtheysayeightthistime?Myassistant

needstomakeafirmbookingfortheiraccommodationsnow.Otherwiseitwillbe

verydifficulttofindahotel.

M:Youareright.Theysaidsixtoeightoriginally,butwegotanE-mailthis

morning,sayingitisgoingtobeseven.Nowwe'vegotthedefinitenumber,wecan

makealltheotherbookingsforthem.

W:Good.Thatgivesuseightweeksuntiltheycome.

M:Right.Herearemysuggestionsfortheirschedule.Theywillbewiththe

universityforfivedays.Onthefirstday,Ithinktheyshouldvisitourcampus.The

seconddaywecanshowthemaroundthedowntown.Thiswillgivethemageneral

pictureofthechangesintoday'sChina.Andthelastthreedaysarefordiscussionand

seminars.

W:OK.Doweneedtoinvitesomeotherfamousprofessorsfromother

universities?

M:That'sagoodidea.Butnomorethanfiveareneeded.

W:Right.Iwillarrangethat.

WhenwillthedelegationfromPolandvisittheuniversity?

對話中男士說，他們提供了三個時間選擇（分別是A、B、C）,來自波蘭的代

表團選擇了最早的那個時間，即“3月底”，故選A。

①時間類選項，應(yīng)邊聽邊做相應(yīng)的記錄。②B、C在對話中有提及，但不

是代表團選擇的時間；D為原詞拼湊，不正確。

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分數(shù):28,40）

A.Shefoundshewasn'tregisteredinChemistry302A.

B.ShefoundshewasregisteredinChemistry302B.

C.Shewasunsurewhichclassshehadregistered.

D.Shewasn'tregisteredinChemistry302B.V

解析：［聽力原文］

W:Hello.Isthistheregistrationoffice?

M:Yes.ThisisHerbertspeaking.HowcanIhelpyou?

W:Well,Ihaveaslightproblemhere.IhavebeeninChemistry302Bclassfor

amonth,andtodayProf.SmithtoldmeIwasn'tregisteredinhislatestclasslist.I

thoughtallthewhileIwasregisteredinhisclassandthisreallycomesasasurprise.

M:Well,whydon'tyougivemeyourstudentIDandI'lljustchecktoseeff

youareofficiallyregistered.

W:39241.

M:Justaminute.AndyouareAliceJones,right?

W:Yes,that'sme.

M:Alice,thecomputershowsthatyouareregisteredinChemistry302Aand

that*sDr.Nelson'sclass.Perhapsyouhavemixedupthetwo.

W:Ohno,IthoughtI'dmadeaswitchfromNelsontoSmith.Howdidthis

confusionoccur?IdroppedNelson'sclassandswitchedtoSmith'sinthefirstweek.I

stillhavetheadd/dropformwithme.

M:Inthatcase,Isuggestyoucometotheregistrationofficewiththe

add/dropformandwe'lltrytosortitoutforyou.Idon'truleouttherecouldhave

beenamistakethatoccurredduringtheadd/dropprocess.

W:I'llbetherefirstthinginthemorningtosortoutthismess.Youknow,I

wouldn'twanttoswitchprofessorswhenI'mnowhalfwaythrough.

M:Icanunderstandthat.Seeyoutomorrow.

Whyisthewomansosurprised?

對話開頭，女士說“我己經(jīng)加入302B班一個月了，今天史密斯教授告訴我，

最新的班級名單上沒有登記我的名字”。D正是女士覺得驚訝的原因所在。

Chemistry302A是電腦顯示女士登記的課程信息，即她被登記了Chemistry

302A,而不是A說的沒有登記。女士并沒被登記了Chemistry302B,故排除B。

女士一直以為自己是302B班的，unsure一詞用得不準確，排除C。

SectionB（總題數(shù):7,分數(shù)：0,00）

.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數(shù)：21.30）

A.Themeritsanddrawbacksofalargepopulation.V

B.Thedisadvantagesofalargepopulation.

C.Theadvantagesofasmallpopulation.

D.Therapidlygrowingworldpopulation.

解析：［聽力原文］

Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeena

subjectofdiscussionamongeconomists.Ithasbeenarguedthatthesupplyofgood

landislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthe

goodlandworkedintensively.Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansa

loweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Other

economistshavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforspecialization

andthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasports,roadsandrailways,whicharenot

likelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.

Oneofthedifficultiesincarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramlies

inthefactthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry,

dependingonthelevelofindustrialdevelopmentandtheavailabilityoffoodandraw

materials.Inadevelopingcountrywhereavastlyexpandedpopulationispressing

harduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcern

ofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate,whatevertheconsequencesmightbe.

Adecreasingbirthratemayleadtounemployment,becauseitresultsinadeclining

marketformanufacturedgoods.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousing

declines,pricesalsodeclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwith

considerationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywell

prefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstableorin

decline.

Whathaslongbeenatopicofdiscussionamongeconomists?

短文首句說，“長久以來，人口眾多的優(yōu)勢與劣勢一直是經(jīng)濟學(xué)家們討論的

話題。"A中的merits對應(yīng)文中的advantages,drawbacks對應(yīng)disadvantages,故

本題的答案為A。

在聽音時，內(nèi)容更綜合、全面的選項往往就是答案。B只是其中一方面；

C、D不是經(jīng)濟學(xué)家討論的問題。

.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

4.（分數(shù):28.40）

A.Risingfuelcoststolimittheuseofit.

B.Savingenergyanduseothersources.J

C.Havingprotectionagainstfuelshortage.

0.Puttinginasolarunitineveryhouse.

解析：［聽力原文］

Thosewhousesolarenergyhelpussaveourpreciousfuel.Asyouknow,our

suppliesofoffandgasareverylimited.Thereisjustnotenoughonhandtomeetall

ourfutureenergyneeds.AndwhenMotherNaturesaysthat'sall,that*sall.Theonly

waywecandelayhearingthosewordsisbystartingtosaveenergynowandbyusing

othersources,suchasthesun.

Wewon'thavetoworryaboutthesun'srunningoutofenergyforanother

severalbillionyearsorso.Besidesbeinganendlesssourceofenergy,theuseofthe

sunhasotheradvantagesaswell.Forexample,thesundoesnotofferpollutionas

otherenergysources.

Furthermore,ownersofsolarhomeswillhaveextraprotectionagainstrising

fuelcosts.Theywillalsohavesomeprotectionagainstfuelshortage.Whenutility

costsgoup,ownersofsolarhomeswon'thavetofacetheburdensbroughtaboutby

increasedcosts.

Withallthesegoodpoints,whydon'tweseemoreofsolarpower?Thereare

manyreasonsforthis.Thebiggestreasonismoney.Untilnow,itwasjustnot

practicalforahomeownertoputinasolarunit.Therewerecheapersourcesof

energyaround.Solarcostsarestartingtoequalthecostsofoilandelectricity.And

expertssaythatgaswilltripleincostinthenextfewyears.Infact,gasisinsuchshort

supplyrightnowthat,insomeplaces,itisnotsoldtonewcustomers.Some

customersareevenhavingtheirsuppliescutback.

WhatistheonlywaytodelayhearingMotherNature'swordsaboutenergy

shortage?

短文提到，我們可以推遲聽到那些話的唯一的方法就是，現(xiàn)在開始節(jié)省能源

并使用其他能源，如太陽能。B符合文意。

符合“語義突出之處常出題”的命題原則，聽到theonlyway時就要格外

留意。此外，從常識的角度也可知，“節(jié)省能源并使用其他能源”是最合適的答

案。C是對protectionagainstrisingfuelcosts的胡亂改寫，兩者說的不是同一件

事。

SectionC（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：0.00）

,Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

1.（分數(shù)：56.80）

A.Thepricesofitsshareswentdown.V

B.MostworkersinApplelosttheirjobs.

C.Thecompanysufferedheavylosses.

D.Thecompanyfacedtheriskofbankruptcy.

解析：［聽力原文］

HowlonghaveyouhadyourAppleiPhoneorcomputer?Ifyouhavenot

replacedthatproductinthelasttwoorthreeyears,youmaybepartofthereason

forApple'sfallingsalesnumbers.

Appleistheworld'smostvaluablecompany.SalesofAppleproductsgrew

everyyearfor51straightquarters.ThatallchangedonTuesday,whenthecompany

reportedadropinsales.Salesforthefirstquarterofthisyeardropped13percent.

Salesdroppedto$50.6billionfrom$58billionduringthesamequarterinlastyear.

ThenewscausedApple'sstocktodrop,too.Thecompany'ssharesweredownby

about8percentinafter-hourstrading.

SomeexpertssaythestrugglingChineseeconomymaybetoblamefor

Apple'sweakersales.Thecompany'sreportshowssalesweredowninChina,Taiwan

andHongKongbyacombined26percent.Inthepast,Applewasabletodependon

salesgrowthinthosemarkets.Apple'sChiefExecutive,TimCook,saysthe

smartphonemarketisnotgrowingbecauseoftheslowingeconomiesinsome

countries.

ButotherexpertssayAppleisnolongerregularlyproducingexcitingproducts.

PeoplewhoboughtnewApplelaptopsorsmartphonesinthelasttwoorthreeyears

donotfeelliketheyneedtobuythelatestproducts.RobPegoraroisatechnology

writerforUSATodayandYahoo.HesayshestilllikestousetheAppleproductshe

ownsbut,thereisnothing"revolutionary"rightnow."Yougotalotofpeople

upgradingtotheiPhone6andtheiPhone6plus.The6sandthe6sPlusarebetter,

butasthenameswouldsuggest,they'renotexactlyrevolutionary.Normalpeople

don'tbuynewphoneseveryyear."

PegoraroalsosaysthatAppledidnotreallyhaveabadquarter.Thecompany

stillmakesalotofmoneyfromtheproductsitsells.Itisjustnotgrowinganymore.

"Theirgrossmarginwas39.4percentcomparedto40.8percent.Istruggletothinkof

howmanyotherindustriesorcompaniescouldpulldownthosekindsofprofit

marginsforoveradecadestraight."PegorarowarnsnottounderestimateApplejust

becauseofthissmalldropinsales."Thiscompany'sproblemisthattheymadealot

ofmoney,justnotmoremoneythantheymadethelastquarter.Youknow,ifthat's

failure,thenIshouldonlyhopetobejustasmuchofadisaster!"

WhatistheresultofApple'sfallingsales?

報道中說，蘋果公司報告銷售額下降之后，蘋果的股票價格下降，因此蘋果

公司銷售額下降的后果是A“股票價格下跌”。

蘋果的銷量下降，但報道沒有說蘋果因此而裁員，無法得知蘋果的工人失

業(yè)，故排除B。銷量的下降會使公司的收入減少，但這不能說是巨大的損失，公

司也不會就此面臨破產(chǎn)，畢竟報道也提到，蘋果仍從產(chǎn)品的銷售中掙了很多錢，

只是收入少了點而已，C和D夸大事實，應(yīng)排除。

,Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.（分數(shù):42.60）

A.Thespeakerenjoyeditinhisyouth.

B.ltwillhurtthenewcomers.

C.Manysuccessesbegantheircareerfromit.V

D.ltisthefirstthingemployeesmustdo.

解析：［聽力原文］

Itiswellthatyoungmenshouldbeginatthebeginningandoccupythemost

subordinatepositions.Manyoftheleadingbusinessmenhadaseriousresponsibility

thrustuponthemattheverybeginningoftheircareer.Theywereintroducedtothe

broom,andspentthefirsthoursoftheirbusinesslivessweepingouttheoffice.I

noticewehavecleanersnowinoffices,andouryoungmenunfortunatelymissthat

beneficialbranchofbusinesseducation.Butifbychancetheprofessionalsweeperis

absentanymorning,theboywhohasthegeniusofthefuturepartnerwillnot

hesitatetotryhishandatthebroom.Itdoesnothurtthenewestcomertosweep

outtheofficeifnecessary.Iwasoneofthosesweepersmyself.

Assumingthatyouhaveallobtainedemployment,myadvicetoyouis"aim

high".Iwouldtaketheyoungmanlightlywhodoesnotalreadyseehimselfthe

partnerortheheadofanimportantfirm.Donotrestcontentforamomentinyour

thoughtsasheadclerk,orgeneralmanagerinanyconcern,nomatterhowextensive.

Saytoyourself,"Myplaceisatthetop."Bekinginyourdreams.

Andhereistheprimeconditionofsuccess,thegreatsecret:concentrateyour

energy,thought,andcapitalexclusivelyuponthebusinessinwhichyouareengaged.

Havingbeguninoneline,resolvetofightitoutonthatline,toleadinit,adoptevery

improvement,havethebestmachinery,andknowthemostaboutit.

Theunsuccessfulcompaniesarethosewhichhavescatteredtheircapital,

whichmeansthattheyhavescatteredtheirbrainsalso.Theyhaveinvestmentsinthis,

orthat,ortheotherandeverywhere."Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket."isall

wrong.Itellyouto"putallyoureggsinonebasket,andthenwatchthatbasket."

Lookroundyouandtakenotice,menwhodothatnotoftenfail.Itiseasytowatch

andcarrytheonebasket.Itistryingtocarrytoomanybasketsthatbreaksmosteggs

inthiscountry.Hewhocarriesthreebasketsmustputoneonhishead,whichisapt

totumbleandtriphimup.OnefaultoftheAmericanbusinessmanislackof

concentration.

TosummarizewhatIhavesaid:aimforthehighest;neverenterabarroom;

makethefirm'sinterestyours;breakordersalwaystosaveowners;concentrate;put

allyoureggsinonebasket,andwatchthatbasket;lastly,bepatient,forasEmerson

says,"noonecancheatyououtofultimatesuccessbutyourselves."

Whatdowelearnaboutsweepingouttheofficeaccordingtothespeaker?

說話人在錄音開始談到年輕人應(yīng)該從頭學(xué)起，擔當最基層的職務(wù)，有許多大

企業(yè)家在創(chuàng)業(yè)之初與掃帚結(jié)伴，以清掃辦公室度過了企業(yè)生涯的最初時光。C是

該處錄音內(nèi)容的同義改寫，為本題答案。

說話人談到他年輕的時候清掃過辦公室，但不能因此推出他喜歡清掃辦公

室，故A錯誤。錄音提到，必要的時候，新手打掃一下辦公室，并沒有什么傷害，

B“它會傷害新手”與此相反，故排除。說話人并沒有說清掃辦公室是職員必做

的第一件事，故排除D。

.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.（分數(shù)：42.60）

A.Hisformerheadmaster.

B.Hisformerclassmate.

C.Hisformerclosestfriend.

D.Hisformerlunchlady.V

解析：［聽力原文］

Whenmyfirstchildren'sbookwaspublished,Ireturnedtomyoldelementary

schooltotalktothestudentsaboutbeinganauthorandanillustrator.WhenIwas

settingupmyslideprojectorinthecafeteria,Ifoundthatmyoldlunchladywasstill

thereandshewasbusilypreparinglunchesfortheday.SoIapproachedhertosay

hello.Andshelookedatmeandrecognizedme.Shestartedtellingmeabouther

grandkids,andthatblewmymind.

Well,thatencounterinspiredmyimagination,andIcreatedaseriesofcomics

aboutalunchlady.Andit'sbeenamazing,becausetheserieswassowelcomedinto

thereadinglivesofchildren,andtheysentmethemostamazinglettersandcards

andartwork.

AndIwouldnoticeasIwouldvisitschools,thelunchstaffwouldbeinvolved

intheprogramminginaverymeaningfulway.

Andcoasttocoast,allofthelunchladiestoldmethesamething:"Thankyou

formakingasuperheroinourlikeness."Becausethelunchladyhasnotbeentreated

verykindlyinpopularcultureovertime.

Andthatinspiredmetocreateaday,SchoolLunchHeroDay,adaywhenkids

canmakecreativeprojectsfortheirlunchstaff.AndIpartneredwiththeSchool

NutritionAssociation.Over30millionkidsparticipateinschoollunchprogramsevery

day.Thatequalsuptoalittleoverfivebillionlunchesmadeeveryschoolyear.

Andthestoriesofheroismgowell.ThereisMs.BrendainCalifornia,who

keepsacloseeyeoneverystudentthatcomesthroughherlineandthenreports

backtotheguidancecounselorifanythingisunusual.

Andkidsmadethemostamazingprojects.Kidsmadetheirowncomics,

starringthecartoonlunchladyalongsidetheiractuallunchladies.Andtheymade

thank-youpizzas,whereeverykidsignedadifferenttoppingofaconstructionpaper

pizza.

SoIhopethatyoudon'twaitforSchoolLunchHeroDaytosaythankyouto

yourlunchstaff.Whattheyalldoisimportant.They'refeedingourchildrenevery

singleday,andbeforeachildcanlearn,theirbellyneedstobefull,andthesewomen

andmenareworkingonthefrontlinestocreateaneducatedsociety.

Whomdidthespeakermeetinhisoldelementaryschool?

①選項都是指人的名詞，預(yù)測問題與人物相關(guān)。②問題問說話人在母校遇到

的人，說話人談到他在食堂里布置幻燈片投影儀時，看到了那位熟悉的食堂大媽,

因此D正確。

說話人在談話中只說遇到食堂的大媽，沒有說遇到A"他以前的校長”、B

“他以前的同學(xué)”和C“他以前最親密的朋友”，因此A、B和C均錯誤。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)：0.00）

SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：0.00）

.Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobe

insensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,butthisislargelybecause,unlike

animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare1toperceiving

thosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,missingthemajorityofsmellswhichstickto

surfaces.Infact,though,weare2sensitivetosmells,evenffwedonot

generallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof3humansmellsevenwhenthese

aredilutedtofarbelowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnot

another,whereasothersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybe

becausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate4smell

receptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsand

send5tothebrain.However;ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitive

toacertainsmellatfirstcansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen6toit

oftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfinds

it7tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcancreatenew

receptorsifnecessary.Thismayalsoexplainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoour

ownsmells—we8donotneedtobe.Wearenot9oftheusualsmell

ofourownhouse,butwenoticenewsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse's.Thebrain

findsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarand10signals

suchasthesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.

A.simplyE.permanentlyI.dedicatedM.distinguishing

B.emergencyF.limitedJ.exposedN.particular

C.awareG.sureK.impulsesO.extremely

D.detectingH.inefficientL.messages（分數(shù):35,50）

1.（分數(shù):3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：F）

解析：根據(jù)空格前的系動詞are,可知這里應(yīng)填入名詞、形容詞或分詞。上

文提到人類嗅覺不靈敏是由于人類直立行走，本句進一步解釋說明這種現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致

的結(jié)果，即人直立行走，所以人的鼻子只能感知通過空氣流通而散發(fā)的氣味。詞

庫中l(wèi)imited>dedicated和exposed在語法上都可行，但只有l(wèi)imited在意思上符

合句意，表明人類鼻子的“局限性”。

［參考譯文］

人類的鼻子是個不起眼的工具。與動物相比，人類的嗅覺往往被認為是遲

鈍的，而這在很大程度上是因為與動物不同，人類是直立行走的。這就意味著,

我們的鼻子只能感知通過空氣流通而散發(fā)的氣味，而大部分的氣味是附著在各種

物體表面的，因此我們就聞不到。不過事實上，我們的嗅覺是十分靈敏的，只是

我們通常沒有意識到這一點。人身上的各種不同氣味即使被稀釋到遠不及原來的

百萬分之一，我們的鼻子也能夠覺察到。

奇怪的是，有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以聞出一種花香而不能聞出另一種，而另一

些人卻對兩種花香都很敏感。這也許是因為有些人缺乏某種基因，這種基因能在

鼻子里生成針對某種氣味的感受器。這些感受器是由一些能感知氣味并把信息傳

遞給大腦的細胞組成的。然而，研究表明，即使對某種氣味一開始不太敏感的人，

如果經(jīng)常聞這種氣味。有一天突然也能敏感起來。

對氣味不敏感的原因似乎是這樣的：大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)讓所有的氣味感受器一直處

于運轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)效率太低，只需要在必要的時候產(chǎn)生新的感受器就可以了。這也可以

解釋為什么我們通常對自己身上的各種氣味不敏感：這只是因為我們不需要。我

們意識不到我們自己的房子通常的氣味，但當我們拜訪別人時，就會注意到我們

所不熟悉的氣味。大腦覺得最好讓氣味感受器在出現(xiàn)陌生或危急信號時有效地工

作一一例如煙味，因為它預(yù)示著火災(zāi)危險。

2.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：0）

解析：從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，這里不缺少主要成分，可以判斷此空應(yīng)填入副詞

修飾sensitiveo上句說人類嗅覺不靈敏，空格前的though表轉(zhuǎn)折，提示事實上

并非如此。extremely代入句中表示“我們的嗅覺是十分靈敏的”，符合句意。

3.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：D）

解析：空格前的of是介詞，其后應(yīng)該填入動名詞與后面的humansmells

構(gòu)成動賓搭配，即“我們的鼻子可以人類的氣味”。本段討論的是人類鼻

子對氣味的敏感度，上文出現(xiàn)了sensitivetosmells,故推測此處應(yīng)該填表示“聞

到或察覺”之類的詞語。detecting強調(diào)察覺不易察覺的事物，符合句意。M項

distinguishing常指通過視覺或聽覺來識別事物，不能與smells搭配。

4.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：N）

解析：這里缺少修飾smellreceptors的詞，可以是形容詞、名詞或分詞。

空格所在句是對該段第一句提出的奇特現(xiàn)象作出解釋，原因在于缺少某種基因，

所以不能在鼻子中產(chǎn)生某些氣味的感受器。particular意為“特定的”，代入句中

指“特定氣味的感受器”。

5.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：L）

解析：空格所在句是which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，填入的詞作send的賓語。

messages指"信息"，這里指感受器把信息傳給大腦，符合句子邏輯。impulses

多表示人的沖動或興奮，用在此處不合適。

6.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1:（正確答案：J）

解析：本題所在句子是一個由when引導(dǎo)的條件句的省略形式（省略了they

are）,闡釋了“使對某種氣味不敏感的人突然變敏感”的條件，空格處應(yīng)填入動

詞的分詞形式，且能與to搭配。詞庫中符合語法的有l(wèi)imited和exposedoexposed

放入句中指“當人們經(jīng)常接觸這種氣味時，就會突然對它變得敏感”，符合邏輯。

而limited代入后邏輯不對。

7.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：H）

解析：這里是“主語+find+it+a.+不定式”的句式，故空格應(yīng)填入形容詞。

that從句解釋了“對氣味不敏感”的原因。詞庫中只有inefficient符合句意，表

明“對氣味不敏感的原因是：大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)讓所有的氣味感受器一直處于運轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)效

率太低”。

8.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：A）

解析：空格所在句主謂賓成分齊全，由此判斷空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。simply

“只不過”放入句中合適，表示“這只是因為我們不需要"。permanently和

extremely在語義上說不通。

9.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：C）

解析：空格介于系動詞are和介詞of之間，推測為固定搭配。能符合此搭

配的詞有aware和sure。beawareof意為"意識到"，代入句中表示“我們意識

不到我們自己的房子通常的氣味”，句意通順。而sure代入句中則表示“對自己

房間的熟悉氣味沒有把握”，不符合邏輯。

10.（分數(shù)：3.55）

填空項1：（正確答案：B）

解析：這里填入的詞與unfamiliar共同修飾signals,可以是名詞，也可以是

形容詞或分詞。從suchas后面的例子來看，smellofsmoke是火險的信號，可判

斷這是緊急情況，故選emergency。

SectionB（總題數(shù):10,分數(shù):0.00）

TheIndustrialRevolution

A.TheIndustrialRevolutionisthenamegiventothemassivesocial,

economic,andtechnologicalchangein18thcenturyand19thcenturyGreatBritain.

Itcommencedwiththeintroductionofsteampower（fuelledprimarilybycoal）and

powered,automatedmachinery（primarilyintextilemanufacturing）.

B.ThetechnologicalandeconomicprogressoftheIndustrialRevolution

gaineddrivingforcewiththeintroductionofsteam-poweredships,boatsand

railways.Inthe19thCenturyitspreadthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorth

America,eventuallyimpactingtherestoftheworld.

Causes

C.ThecausesoftheIndustrialRevolutionwerecomplexandremainatopic

fordebate,withsomehistoriansseeingtheRevolutionasanoutgrowthofsocialand

institutionalchangesbroughtforthbythefinalendoffeudalisminGreatBritain

followingtheEnglishCivilWarinthe17thcentury.TheEnclosuremovementandthe

BritishAgriculturalRevolutionmadefoodproductionmoreefficientandless

labor-intensive,forcingthesurpluspopulationwhocouldnolongerfindemployment

inagricultureintothecitiestoseekworkinthenewlydevelopedfactories.The

colonialexpansionofthe17thcenturywiththeaccompanyingdevelopmentof

internationaltrade,creationoffinancialmarketsandaccumulationofcapitalisalso

citedasasetoffactors,asisthescientificrevolutionofthe17thcentury.The

importanceofalargedomesticmarketshouldalsobeconsideredanimportantcause

catalyst（催化齊！J）oftheIndustrialRevolution,particularlyexplainingwhyitoccurred

inBritain.Inothernations（e.g.France）,marketsweresplitupbylocalregionsoften

imposingtollsandtariffsongoodstradedamongthem.Therestructuringofthe

AmericandomesticmarketwouldtriggerthesecondIndustrialRevolutionover100

yearslater.

Effects

D.Theapplicationofsteampowertotheindustrialprocessesofprinting

supportedamassiveexpansionofnewspaperandpopularbookpublishing,which

reinforcedrisingliteracyanddemandsformasspoliticalparticipation.Universal

whitemalesuffrage（參政權(quán)）wasadoptedintheUnitedStates,resultinginthe

electionofthepopularGeneralAndrewJacksonin1828andthecreationofpolitical

partiesorganizedformassparticipationinelections.IntheUnitedKingdom,the

ReformAct1832addressedtheconcentrationofpopulationindistrictswithalmost

norepresentationinParliament,expandingtheelectorate（選區(qū)）,leadingtothe

foundingofmodernpoliticalpartiesandinitiatingaseriesofreformswhichwould

continueintothe20thcentury.InFrance,theJulyRevolutionwidenedthefranchise

（公民權(quán)）andestablished