專升本英語(yǔ)(閱讀理解)模擬試卷2含答案和解析

專升本英語(yǔ)（閱讀理解）模擬試卷2

閱讀理解

Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversity（多樣

化）istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.Hereat

theCollegeFund,wehavealotofcontactwithtopcorporate（公司

的）leaders;noneofthemistalkingaboutgettingridofthose

instrumentsthatproducediversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheir

companiesaretocompeteintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarket

place,diversityisanimperative.Theyalsosaythattheneedfortalented,

skilledAmericansmeanswehavetoexpandthepoolofpotential

employees.Andinlookingatwherebirthratearegrowingandatwhere

thepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthat

expandingthepoolmeanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillsto

moreminorities,morewomen,andmoreimmigrants.Corporate

leadersknowthatifthatdoesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnothave

theengineers,thescientists,thelawyers,orthebusinessmanagersthey

willneed.

Likewise,Idon*thearpeopleintheacademysaying,\

l.Theword\（D）

A.superficial

B.remarkable

C.debatable

D.essential

解析：根據(jù)文中具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境可知該詞的意思為〃必需的，不可缺少

的〃,故選D。

2.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferintheirviewson

diversity?(B)

A.Minorities.

B.Politicians.

C.Professors.

D.Managers.

解析：根據(jù)文中前兩句Itisveryinterestingtonotev/herethedebate

aboutdiversity(多樣化)istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarily

inpoliticalcircles.可知對(duì)多樣化的討論多發(fā)生在政界，所以應(yīng)該是政

客談?wù)摰妮^多。故選B。

3.Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromotingdiversitysoas

to.(C)

A.lowertherateofunemployment

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.becompetitiveintheworldmarket

D.satisfythedemandofagrowingpopulation

解析：根據(jù)文中第一段Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesareto

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversity

isanimperative.可知公司要在市場(chǎng)上更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力就要注意多樣化發(fā)

展，故C正確。

4.ltcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.(A)

A.meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversity

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.ItisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.media

D.minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheardabout

diversity

解析：根據(jù)文中第二段...whichwasnevertrue-----weneverhada

meritocracy,althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.及后

面的Nowallofusfeelthewayisbetterbecauseofthediversity.可知選

Ao

5.Accordingtothepassage,diversitycanbeachievedinAmericansociety

by.(D)

A.expandingthepoolofpotentialemployees

B.promotingthepoolofpotentialemployees

C.trainingmoreengineers,scientists,lawyersandbusinessmanagers

D.providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex

解析：根據(jù)文章意思Americaunderstandsthatexpandingthepool

meanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,

morewomen,andmoreimmigrants,因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereader

andthetext.Thereaderputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgets

answers.Inthelightoftheseheputsfurtherquestions,andsoon.

Formostofthetimethis\

6.Readingasakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext

becomesconsciousonlywhen.(B)

A.thereader'sexpectationsagreewithwhatissaidinthetext

B.thereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays

C.thereaderasksquestionsandgetsanswers

D.thereaderunderstandsatextverywell

解析：文章第二段Formostofthetimethis"conversation"goeson

belowthelevelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeaware

ofit.Thisisusuallywhenwearerunningintodifficulties,when

mismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsandmeaning.止匕題的關(guān)鍵

是讀出attimes相當(dāng)于題目中的when。

7.Atalowerlevelofcomprehension,readerstendto.(D)

A.readatextslowly

B.readwithoutthinkinghard

C.interpretatextintheirownway

D.concentrateonthemeaningofwordsonly

解析：文章第三段Someslayveryclosetothewordsonthepage.故選

Do

8.A\(A)

A.theapplicationofreadingstrategies

B.matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext

C.thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails

D.determiningthemainideaofatext

解析：文中第四段Wecallthisa^process^conversationasopposedto

a^content^conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththe

strategies(策略)weemployinreading.這里的關(guān)鍵是讀出it指代的是

processo

9.Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersata

higherleveltomaintainabalancebetween.(C)

A.consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehension

B.thereaders'expectationsandthemeaningofatext

C.lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehension

D.interpretingandcriticizingatext

解析：文章第三段Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsof

comprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyfor

advancedreaders.這里的advancedreader即是題目中的readersata

higherlevelo

10.Ifwewanttodevelopourreadingabilityatanadvancedlevel,we

should.(A)

A.learntousedifferentapproachesinreadingdifferenttexts

B.makeourreadingprocessmoreconscious

C.paymoreattentiontothecontentofatext

D.takeacriticalattitudetowardstheauthor'sideas

解析：文章最后一段最后一句Itispreciselythiskindofconversation

thatisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingto

meetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigher

level.故A對(duì)。

Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversity（多樣

化）istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.Hereat

theCollegeFund,wehavealotofcontactwithtopcorporate（公司的）

leaders;noneofthemistalkingaboutgettingridofthoseinstruments

thatproducediversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesareto

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityis

animperative.Theyalsosaythattheneedfortalented,skilledAmericans

meanswehavetoexpandthepoolofpotentialemployees.Andin

lookingatwherebirthratearegrowingandatwherethepopulationis

shifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,more

women,andmoreimmigrants.Corporateleadersknowthatifthat

doesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnothavetheengineers,the

scientists,thelawyers,orthebusinessmanagerstheywillneed.

Likewise,Idon'thearpeopleintheacademysaying,\

ll.Thewordimperative（Para.1）mostprobablyrefersto

something.(D)

A.superficial

B.remarkable

C.debatable

D.essential

解析：根據(jù)文中具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境可知該詞的意思為〃必需的，不可缺少

的〃，故選D。

12.Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferintheirviewson

diversity?(B)

A.Minorities.

B.Politicians.

C.Professors.

D.Managers.

解析：根據(jù)文中前兩句Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebate

aboutdiversity(多樣化)istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyin

politicalcircles.可知對(duì)多樣化的討論多發(fā)生在政界，所以應(yīng)該是政客

談?wù)摰妮^多。故選B。

13.Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromotingdiversityso

asto.(C)

A.lowertherateofunemployment

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.becompetitiveintheworldmarket

D.satisfythedemandofagrowingpopulation

解析：根據(jù)文中第一段Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesareto

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityis

animperative.可知公司要在市場(chǎng)上更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力就要注意多樣化發(fā)展,

故C正確。

14.ltcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.(A)

A.meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversity

B.Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C.ItisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.media

D.minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheardabout

diversity

解析：根據(jù)文中第二段…whichwasnevertrue—weneverhada

meritocracy,althoughwe;vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.及后

面的Nowallofusfeelthewayisbetterbecauseofthediversity.可知選

Ao

15.Accordingtothepassage,diversitycanbeachievedinAmerican

societyby.(D)

A.expandingthepoolofpotentialemployees

B.promotingthepoolofpotentialemployees

C.trainingmoreengineers,scientists,lawyersandbusinessmanagers

D.providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex

解析：根據(jù)文章意思Americaunderstandsthatexpandingthepool

meanspromotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,

morewomen,andmoreimmigrants.因此D為正確選項(xiàng)。

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureour

ownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.

Onemicronisathousandthofamillimeter;apinheadisabouta

millimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallytwotofourmicrons

long,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,if

youenlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejust

aboutthesizeofapinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesame

amountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)tall.

Evenwithanordinarymicroscope,youmustlookcloselytosee

bacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaare

barelyvisibleastinyrodsordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheir

structure.Usingspecialstains,onecanseethatsomebacteriahave

attachedtothemwavy-looking\

16.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?(A)

A.Rod-shapedbacteriaaregenerallylargerthanroundedones.

B.Ifweenlargedarod-shapedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldstill

besmallerthanapinhead.

C.Ifoneusedamicroscopewithamagnificationof100times,hecansee

thestructureofabacteriumclearly.

D.Watermoleculesmovesoquicklythatabacteriumcannotmovein

thewater.

解析：根據(jù)文中第一段“Rod—shapedbacteriaareusuallytwotofour

micronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter",

可明顯得出rod-shapedbacteria比roundedbacteria要大,故A正確。

17.Accordingtothepassage,onewhoexaminesbacteriawithan

ordinarymicroscope,usingamagnificationof100timeswill

see.(A)

A.tinyrods

B.stains

C.wavy-lookinghairs

D.detailedstructures

解析：根據(jù)文中第二段前兩句"Usingamagnificationof100times,one

findsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots",故選A。

18.Theenvironmentaroundbacteriaisalwayschanging

because.(A)

A.moleculesaroundbacteriamoveveryfast

B.thewaterisasthickasmolasses

C.thereisalargenumberofmoleculesaroundbacteria

D.newbacteriaalwaysreplacetheoldones

解析：根據(jù)文章第三段“Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthof

asecondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedby

newones”,故選A。

19.Theauthorcompareswatertomolassesinordertoshow.(A)

A.howdifficultitisforbacteriatomovethroughthewater

B.howdifferentthebacterialworldisfromthehumanworld

C.howthewatermoleculeswork

D.whatdifferentbacteriaoneliquidcontainsfromanother

解析：由文章第三段前三句可知作者將水比作糖漿是為了說(shuō)明〃水對(duì)

于細(xì)菌來(lái)說(shuō)就相當(dāng)于糖漿對(duì)于人類一樣稠，所以細(xì)菌在水中運(yùn)動(dòng)起來(lái)

就很困難〃，故選A。

2O.Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostsimilar

towhichofthefollowing?(D)

A.Aflagattachedtoastick.

B.Acowboyonthecow'sback.

C.Adoorclosedbyanaughtyboy.

D.Aboatpushedbythemotor.

解析：根據(jù)文章第二段最后幾句“...somebacteriahaveattachedtothem

wavy—looking'hairs'calledflagella...Theflagellarotate,pushingthe

bacteriathroughthewater.”可知D更確切。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,

andbothstudyhumanbehavior.However,psychologyisthestudyof

individualbehavior,whereassociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividualmight

haveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernof

sociologyisthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdeal

witheachother.

Sociologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoes

onesocietyprogressrapidlyandanotheroneremainprimitivefor

centuries?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?Whatis

theroleofreligionorartinasociety?

Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese;whydoes

anindividualadapteasilytoachangingenvironmentandanother

individualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesofantisocial

behavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smental

andemotionallife?

Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyof

humanbehavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividual

motivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivation

andbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:ifscientistscanlearnmore

aboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

21.Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?(A)

A.PsychologyandSociology

B.IndividualandGroup

C.HumanBehaviorStudy

D.MainConcernsofSocialSciences

解析：文章第一段講了心理學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)的定義及區(qū)別，第二段重點(diǎn)講

社會(huì)學(xué)，第三段重點(diǎn)講心理學(xué)，最后一段講兩者之間的合作互利。故

A對(duì)。

22.Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?(C)

A.Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B.Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C.Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D.Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?講的都是心理學(xué)所

涉獵的內(nèi)容，所以選C。A、B、D項(xiàng)所述都是社會(huì)學(xué)研究的內(nèi)