常見時態(tài)的用法

PAGEPAGE4常見時態(tài)的用法一、一般現(xiàn)在時：1.表示習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài)，常與usually,often,sometimes,確always,seldom,everyday(year,morning…)等表示頻率的時間狀語連用。Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客觀規(guī)律、正確事實(shí)或科學(xué)真理等。Knowledgecomesonlyfrompractice.※Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.3.在連詞when,while,before,after,until,till,once,if,unless,assoonas,aslongas,bythetime,incase,evenif,themoment/minute/instant,theday/year,immediately等引導(dǎo)的時間（條件、讓步）狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。WhenBillcomes(willcome×),askhimtowaitforme.We’llgooutforawalkassoonastherainstops.Evenifitrainstomorrow,thesportsmeetingwilltakeplace.4.come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等動詞可以用來表示按照計劃、安排將要發(fā)生、且不輕易改變的動作（有特定的時間狀語）。.Theflighttakesoffatteno’clock.SchoolbeginsonSeptember1st.※Couldyoutellmewhenhe____back?Whenhe____back,I’llletyouknow.A.comes;comesB.willcome;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome5．試比較：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說明的示范動作；第二句now是進(jìn)行時的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作。二、一般過去時：1）表示在確定的過去時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday,in1998,twoyearsago,lastmonth,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,when從句等連用.TheRedArmycameintobeingin1927.Arobberbrokeintothebankandrobbedthebankofalotofmoneylastnight.一般過去時還可表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作。Themonkeyjumpedoffthetree,pickedupabigstoneandthrewitatus.2）用于以下固定句型中：Itis(high/about)timethatsb.didsth.早該做...Would/hadrathersb.didsth.寧愿某人去做…3）wish,wonder,think,hope,know等用過去時，表示的動作都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。Oh,it’syou.Ididn’tknowyouwereheretoo.三、一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與soon,tomorrow(morning…),nextweek(year…),someday,fromnowon,thedayaftertomorrow,inthefuture等表將來的時間狀語連用。有幾種構(gòu)成方式：Begoingto+動詞原形①表示計劃、決心，說話前已打算要做的事情。②說話人根據(jù)已有的跡象或經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷認(rèn)為將要發(fā)生的事情。I’mgoingtobuyanewcarifIhavealotofmoney.Look!Darkcloudsaregathering.Itisgoingtorain.2.shall/will+動詞原形①單純表將來②表說話時才想到的意愿或決心。Eg:Jackisillinhospital.Ohreally?I_____.I_____toseehim.A.didn’tknow;willgoB.don’tknow;amgoingC.haven’tknown;willgoD.didn’tknow;amgoing3.be+todo①按照計劃、安排將要做的事情。②（上級對下級、父母對子女）下達(dá)命令，意思是“應(yīng)該…”③表命中注定將要發(fā)生的事情。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.Youaretofinishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.ThelittleboyistobecomeaVIP.4.beaboutto+動詞原形或beonthepointofdoing表示即將或正要去做….不與tomorrow,nextweek等具體的時間狀語連用，但可和when從句連用。Iamabouttodo(=amonthepointofdoing)myhomework.5.be+doing表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常用于come,go,start,setout,leave,reach,return,move,takeoff,arrive等Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?四、過去將來時：woulddo;was/weregoingtodo;(was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo;was/weredoing;was/wereonthepointofdoing)一般不能單獨(dú)使用，常用在賓語從句和間接引語之中，表示從過去的角度看，將要發(fā)生的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。Theysaidthattheywouldcallonmesoonerorlater.TomaskedmeifIwasgoingtocallonmyEnglishteacher.Iwasonthepointofphoningyouwhenyourphonearrived.五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：be(am,is,are)+doing①表示現(xiàn)在(說話時刻)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作；Look!Themonkeyisclimbingthebananatree.②也可表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，說話時未必動作正在進(jìn)行;Whatareyoudoingthesedays?Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.③一些位移動詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來。Heiscomingtoseeyounextweek.※進(jìn)行時與某些副詞（always,constantly,continually,forever）連用，可表贊嘆或厭惡等情感。Youarealwaysthinkingofothers.Heisconstantlychanginghismind.六、過去進(jìn)行時：was/weredoing表示過去某個時刻或一段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作，這一特定的過去時間，除了上下文暗示以外，一般和時間狀語連用。常用的時間狀語有：thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastnight,atthistimeyesterday,when,while等。Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?Iwasreadinganewspaperwhenheknockedatthedoor.Youlookunhappy.What’sthematterwithyou?Nothingmuch.Iwasmissingmyparents.Eg:Idon’tthinkTomsawus;he____intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared七、現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+done①表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果②表示動作或狀態(tài)過去已經(jīng)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常用的時間狀語有：already,never,ever,just,before,lately,yet,recently,sofar,uptothepresent,uptillnow,inthepast/lastfewyears,since，“for+段時間”等.Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?Yes,Ihavejusthadit.(吃過了飯，所以現(xiàn)在不餓)IhavelivedhereinYiyangsinceIwasborn.(動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)◎hasbeento去過…（已經(jīng)回來）MysisterhasbeentotheUSAonce(butsheisbacknow).hasgoneto去…了（已去未歸）MysisterhasgonetotheUSA(andsheisn’therenow).※當(dāng)先行詞前有最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，定語從句中一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.ThisisthethirdtimeIhavebeenhere.※句中如果有過去的時間副詞（如：yeaterday,lastweek,in1990），要用一般過去時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.(√)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.(×)※現(xiàn)在完成時中，終止性動詞不能與for,since等延續(xù)性狀語連用，必須改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。Diebedeadjoinbeinfallillbeillfinishbeoverleave/gobeawaybeginbeonbecomebebuyget/havemarrybemarried(to)borrowkeeparrive/reach/gettobein/at/stayeg:HehasjoinedthePartyfor5years.(×)HehasbeenaPartymemberfor5years.(√)HehasbeeninthePartyfor5years.(√)八、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時have/hasbeendoing表示動作從過去開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至將來；也可能動作剛結(jié)束。Hehasbeenlyinginbedfortwoweeks.(現(xiàn)在還躺著)Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere.(動作剛結(jié)束，已不在尋找)某些動詞如：work,live,study,teach等用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時和現(xiàn)在完成時意義區(qū)別不大。Ihavebeenworking/workedherefor5years.34.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I____herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet35.Helen____herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband____home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome36.____myglasses?Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.A.DoyouseeB.HadyouseenC.WouldyouseeD.Haveyouseen37.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She____ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked38.Oh,it’syou!I____you.I’vejusthadmyhaircutandI’mwearingnewglasses.A.didn’trecognizeB.hadn’trecognizedC.haven’trecognizedD.don’trecognize39.Nancyisnotcomingtonight.Butshe____!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised40.Shirley____abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswriting41.Theprice____,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown42.Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?Oh,I’mterriblysorry.____.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticedD.Idonotnotice43.Allthepreparationsforthetask____,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted44.Howareyoutoday?Oh,I____asillasIdoforalongtime.A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt45.Anewcinema____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt46.JohnandI____friendsfor8years.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe____eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadseen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen47.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He____tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling48.Howaretheteamplaying?Theyareplayingwell,butoneofthem____hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.were49.Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmycoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?I’msorryI____anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay50.He____inacomputercompanyfor4years,whichisofgreathelptohispresentjob.A.workedB.hasworkedC.isworkingD.hadworked51.Oh,dear.Iforgottheairtickets.You______something.A.haveleftB.arealwaysleavingC.areleavingD.alwaysleft52.I______sobusilyrecentlythatI______notimetohelpyouwithyourmath.That’sOK.Icanmanageitbymyself.A.havebeenworking;haveB.haveworked;hadC.amworking;willhaveD.hadbeenworking;hadhad53.Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyou______tome.A.arewritingB.willwriteC.haswrittenD.write54.He______atthemeeting,buthisheartattackpreventedhim.A.willspeakB.isgoingtospeakC.hadtospeakD.wasgoingtospeak55.Ibegyourpardon,butIdidn’tquitecatchyou.Oh,I______myself.A.amtalkingtoB.talkedaboutC.havetalkedtoD.wastalkingto56.I______ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincetheNewYear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play57.IfirstmetTom10yearsago.He______inaradiofactoryatthattime.A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.wasworkingD.hasbeenworking58.What______whenIphonedyou?I______mywork,andIwantedtogoout.A.haveyoudone;finishedB.wereyoudoing;havefinishedC.didyoudo;hadjustfinishedD.wereyoudoing;hadjustfinished59.Haveyoufinishedthereport?No.I______itallthisweek.A.willdoB.haddoneC.havedoneD.havebeendoing60.Icanguessyouwereinahurry.You______yoursweaterinsideout.A.hadwornB.woreC.werewearingD.arewearing61.We___thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.I’msorry.I____tofixitthisweek,butI’vebeentoobusy.A.hadexpected;hadintendedB.areexpecting;hadintendedC.expect;intendD.expected;intend62.Why?Tom,yourshirtissodirty!Mum,I______mystoreroomdownstairs.A.cleanedB.havecleanedC.wascleaningD.havebeencleaning63.Theywon’tbuynewclothesbecausethey______moneytobuyanewhouse.A.saveB.aresavingC.havesavedD.weresaving64.Thetrafficinourcityisalreadygoodandit______evenbetter.A.getsB.gotC.hasgotD.isgetting65.Iwillcometoattendyourlectureat10:00tomorrow.I’msorry,bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandI______myguestsinmyoffice.A.isbeingmetB.willmeetC.willbemeetingD.willhavemet66.Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.Really?Where______?A.hasshebeenB.hadshebeenC.hasshegoneD.hadshegone67.IknowMr.Brown;we______toeachotherataninternationalconference.A.areintroducedB.arebeenintroducedC.wereintroducedD.hadbeenintroduced68.Wheredoyouthink____he____thecomputer?Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.has;boughtB.不填;boughtC.did;buyD.不填;buys69.Don’tbothertolookformydictionaryit______someday.A.turnsupB.hasturnedupC.willturnupD.isgoingtoturnup70.WhatdoyouthinkofthiskindofTVset,which______inShanghai?Well,Idon’tcareaboutsuchthings.A.wasmadeB.ismadeC.hasbeenmadeD.hadbeenmade71.Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?Idon’tthinkso.He_____totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened72.Theplane______at7:00pm,soIhavetobeattheairportby6:40atthelatest.A.hasleftB.wouldleaveC.willhaveleftD.leaves73.Thetrain______atthepresentspeeduntilitreachesthefootofthemountainataboutnineo’clocktonight.A.wentB.isgoingC.goesD.willbegoing74.IusedtodrinkalotofteabutthesedaysI______coffee.A.preferB.preferredC.hadpreferredD.ampreferring75.Thevegetablesdidn’ttasteverygood.They______toolong.A.hadbeencookedB.werecookedC.havecookedD.cooked76.--Rememberthefirsttimewemet,Jim?--OfcourseIdo.You______inthelibrary.A.werereadingB.hadreadC.havereadD.read77.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth______well.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashed78.IsTomstillsmoking?No.BynextSaturdayhe______forawholemonthwithoutsmokingasinglecigarette.A.willbeB.willhavegoneC.willhavebeenD.hasbeengoing79.______Bettythismorning?Notyet,butsheissuretobeherebeforenoon.A.HaveyouseenB.WillyouseeC.DoyouseeD.Didyousee?80.Jimtalkedforabouthalfanhouryesterday.Never______himtalksomuch.A.IheardB.didIhearC.IhadheardD.hadIheard81.Lookattheblackclouds.It______soon.Sure.Ifonlywe______out.A.israining;didn’tcomeB.istorain;won’tstartC.willrain;haven’tstartedD.isgoingtorain;hadn’tcome82.He___articlesforourwall-newspaperthesethreeyears,andhe____aboutfortyarticles.A.hasbeenwriting;haswrittenB.hasbeenwriting;wroteC.iswriting;hasbeenwritingD.haswritten;haswritten83.She______totheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergotB.hadhardlygotC.nosoonergotD.hadnosoonergot84.Whenhewasalive,theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge___frompractice.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.comesD.wouldcome85.Don’tforgettobringmynewbookstomorrowafternoon.No,I______.A.don’tB.doC.won’tD.will86.IdecidedtogotothelibraryassoonasI___.A.finishedwhatIwasdoingB.finishedwhatIdidC.wouldfinishwhatIwasdoingD.finishwhatIdid87.Youwon’tknowwhetherthecoatfitsyouuntilyou______iton.A.willtryB.havetriedC.triedD.aretrying88.Mydictionary______.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstill______it.A.haslost;don’tfindB.ismissing;don’tfindC.haslost;haven’tfoundD.ismissing;haven’tfound89.______itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave90.HowareyouplanningtotraveltoShanghai?I______yet,butI______takingatrain.A.didn’tdecide;amconsideringB.haven’tdecided;considerC.haven’tdecided;amconsideringD.hadn’tdecided;haveconsidered91.Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?Ofcourse.Whatisit?I______ifyoucouldtakemetothestation.A.wouldwonderB.didwonderC.waswonderingD.hadwondered92.Gotyourdrivinglicense?No.I____toobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn’ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.I’mgoingtonextweek.A.wasB.havebeenC.amD.hadbeen93.Withthedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnology______tothefieldofIT.A.hasintroducedB.isbeingintroducedC.isintroducedD.wasintroduced94.Who’sthemanoverthere?It’sJack.Oh?______inItaly.A.Ithinkhe’sB.I’vethoughthe’sbeenC.IthoughthewasD.I’dthoughthe’dbeen95.Idroppedinatyourhouseatabouttenlastnight,butyouweren’tin.I______regularexercisesattheclub.A.didB.wasdoingC.haddoneD.havebeendoing96.Eachofthestudents,workinghardattheirlessons,______thebook.SohaveI.A.isreadingB.hasreadC.readingD.reads97.Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy,buteverynowandthenhe______acold.A.hascaughtB.iscatchingC.willcatchD.doescatch98.Itiswhentheplane______thatyou’dbetterfindoutatthebookingoffice.A.wouldtakeoffB.hadtakenoffC.wastakingoffD.istakingoff99.I’msorry,butthere’snosmokingonthisflight.Oh,I______that.Sorry,Iwon’tagain.A.don’tknowB.didn’tknowC.won’tknowD.haven’tknown100.IthoughtJimwouldsaysomethingabouthisschoolreport,buthe______it.A.doesn’tmentionB.hadn’tmentionedC.didn’tmentionD.hasn’tmentioned

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