Unit 4　Section Ⅴ　Using Language (2)-Reading for Writing 教案 高中英語人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

SectionⅤUsingLanguage(2)—ReadingforWritingActivity1Readfordetails[細(xì)節(jié)把握]1．WhatlanguagesdopeoplespeakinMontreal?A．EnglishandChinese.B．FrenchandEnglish.C．EnglishandGerman.D．FrenchandGerman.答案B2．WhatcanweknowaboutLinFei?A．SheisLiDaiyu’soldschoolmate.B．ShemovedtoCanadalastyear.C．SheknewdowntownChinatownwell.D．Shecookedadeliciousmealforthem.答案C3．HowlongdidthetwogirlsstayinMontreal?A．Forhalfaday. B．Forthreedays.C．Foroneday. D．Foraweek.答案C4．WhatisJean-Philippe’sopinionabouthiscity—Montreal?A．Itisacitythatiswellworthvisiting.B．ItisthewealthiestcityinCanada.C．ItconsistsofmanypeoplecomingfromChina.D．ItisgreatlyinfluencedbyEnglishculture.答案A5．What’sthemainideaofthewholepassage?A．ThetwogirlslikedTorontobetterthanMontreal.B．Thetwogirlsmetayoungman.C．ThetwogirlspreferredMontrealtoToronto.D．ThetwogirlstravelledinTorontoandMontreal.答案DActivity2Readforstructures[文章架構(gòu)]Activity3Readforlanguagefeatures[增分靚句]1．Findthesentencesusedtodescribetheenvironment.(找出描寫環(huán)境的句子)Standinginthedistance，theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls，whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.WaterfromthelakesflowsintotheNiagaraRiverandoverthefallsonitswaytothesea.2．FindthesentencesusedtodescribeMontreal.(找出描寫蒙特利爾的句子)Overall，Montrealisacitywithwonderfulsightsandsounds.MostofusspeakbothEnglishandFrench，andthecityhasuniqueQuebeccultureandtraditions.Therearefantasticrestaurantsandclubsaround，too.Ⅰ.補(bǔ)句子析結(jié)構(gòu)1．Astheywalkednorthfromtheharbourarea，LiDaiyusaid，“LinFei，oneofmymother’soldschoolmates(schoolmate)，liveshere.Ishouldphoneherandseeifshe’savailablefordinner.”(P44Para.2)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是主從復(fù)合句，As引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。漢語翻譯：離開港口區(qū)后，她們向北行走。李黛予說：“我媽媽的老同學(xué)林菲就住在這里。我得給她打個(gè)電話，看看她是否有空一起吃晚飯。”2．Thecousinschatted(chat)withLinFei，whohadmovedtoCanadamanyyearsearlier.(P44Para.3)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是主從復(fù)合句，who引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞LinFei。漢語翻譯：林菲多年前就來到加拿大生活。表姐妹倆與她暢聊了一番。3．WehaveafewmoreintheGreaterTorontoArea，soyoucanguessthatthereare(be)alotofChinesepeopleinCanada!(P44Para.4)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是并列復(fù)合句，so連接兩個(gè)并列分句。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。漢語翻譯：大多倫多地區(qū)還有幾個(gè)唐人街，你們可以猜到加拿大有很多中國人！4．MostofusspeakbothEnglishandFrench，andthecityhasuniqueQuebeccultureandtraditions.(P44Para.9)結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是and連接的并列句。漢語翻譯：我們大多數(shù)人既說英語，也說法語。這座城市擁有獨(dú)特的魁北克文化和傳統(tǒng)。Ⅱ.研典句學(xué)用法同位語AfterLiDaiyuandhercousinarrivedinToronto，thelargestandwealthiestcityinCanada，theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMontreal，sotheywentonatourofthecity.(P44Para.1)李黛予和表妹抵達(dá)加拿大最大、最富有的城市多倫多之后，僅有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間可以消磨，然后就得繼續(xù)前往旅程的下一站蒙特利爾，于是兩人就在市區(qū)逛了逛。結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是并列復(fù)合句，After引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，thelargestandwealthiestcityinCanada在句中作同位語，對(duì)Toronto作進(jìn)一步的解釋和說明，before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————同位語的具體用法如下：?名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞作同位語；?不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語作同位語；?從句作同位語。同位語從句通常跟在某些抽象名詞(fact，plan，view，idea，belief，opinion，possibility，thought，aim，doubt等)后，用來說明所修飾詞的內(nèi)容。————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————(1)(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請(qǐng)信)我是李華，一名來自育才中學(xué)的學(xué)生，我寫信申請(qǐng)成為一名接待來訪的外國學(xué)生的志愿者。我有與外國人打交道的豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)這一事實(shí)讓我在眾多應(yīng)征者中脫穎而出。因?yàn)槲以鴵?dān)任過導(dǎo)游，領(lǐng)著外國游客參觀北京，毫無疑問我可以成為一名合格的志愿者。IamLiHua，astudentfromYucaiMiddleSchoolandIamwritingtoapplytobeavolunteertoreceivethevisitingforeignstudents.ThefactthatIhaverichexperienceindealingwithforeignersmakesmestandoutamongnumerouscandidates.BecauseIonceservedasaguide—showingforeigntouristsaroundBeijing，thereisnodoubtthatIcanbeaqualifiedvolunteer.(2)我有個(gè)好消息要告訴你，我已被選為即將到來的全運(yùn)會(huì)的志愿者了。IhavegoodnewstotellyouthatIhavebeenchosentobeavolunteerinthecomingNationalGames.(3)我們堅(jiān)信游客會(huì)了解更多的中國傳統(tǒng)文化，享受中國傳統(tǒng)文化的美。WeholdthefirmbeliefthatvisitorswillknowmoreabouttraditionalChinesecultureandenjoythebeautyofit.see＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語Standinginthedistance，theywereastonishedtoseemistycloudsrisingfromthegreatNiagaraFalls，whichisonthesouthsideofthelake.(P44Para.1)站在遠(yuǎn)處，她們看到湖南邊的尼亞加拉大瀑布升騰而起的水霧，驚嘆不已。結(jié)構(gòu)分析：此句是復(fù)合句，Standinginthedistance是動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語，seemistycloudsrising為“see＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補(bǔ)足語既可以是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，也可以是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句seesb/sthdo看到動(dòng)作的全過程Isawhimenterthebank.我看見他進(jìn)了銀行。seesb/sthdoing看到動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行Isawhimplayinginthepark.我看見他正在公園里玩。seesb/sthdone看到某人/某物被……Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.我看見他被一輛小汽車撞倒了。點(diǎn)津：除see外，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel等感官類動(dòng)詞也有類似用法。不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，如變成被動(dòng)句，需加上to；現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，如變成被動(dòng)句，則不需要變化。(1)(2022·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)我一看到他無助地躺在病床上，就意識(shí)到我不得不獨(dú)自完成我們的課題了。最終，當(dāng)他聽說我們的課題被高度評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)，滿意的笑容浮現(xiàn)在他的臉龐。我也感到快樂在我心間流淌。ThemomentIsawhimlyinghelplesslyinbed，IrealizedthatIhadtocompleteourprojectalone.Finally，whenheheardourprojecthighlythoughtof，asmileofsatisfactionemergedonhisface.Ialsofelthappinessflowinginmyheart.(2)我看見我朋友雙手掩面，止不住地哭泣。Isawmyfriendburyingher/hisfaceinher/hishands，cryinguncontrollably.(3)Iheardhimsingabeautifulpopularsongintheclassroom.→Hewasheardtosingabeautifulpopularsongintheclassroom.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))(4)Wenoticedherhidingbehindthecurtainlikeafrightenedbird.→Shewasnoticedhidingbehindthecurtainlikeafrightenedbird.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))本單元的寫作目標(biāo)是寫一封關(guān)于旅行的郵件，也就是對(duì)一次出行、游覽、參觀等的記錄。1．郵件開頭常用語I’dliketoshareoneofthemostfascinatingexperienceswithyou.我想和你分享最精彩的一次經(jīng)歷。I’mgladtoshareanunforgettabletravelexperiencethatIhadduringmylastsummerholidaywithyou.我很高興和你分享去年暑假我的一次難忘的旅行經(jīng)歷。Knowingthatyouwanttoknow...，I’mwritingtotellyouthat...知道你想了解……，所以我寫郵件告訴你……I’mextremelydelightedtoreceiveyouremail.AndIwouldliketowriteanemailtotellyouthat...很高興收到你的電子郵件，我想寫封郵件告訴你……Iwentonaseven-daytripto...lastwintervacation，whichisreallyanunforgettablememory.去年寒假我去……旅行了七天，這真是一段難忘的記憶。2．郵件主體常用語：On...，weflewto...，fromwherewewentto...bybus.在……，我們飛往……，從那里我們乘坐公交車去……Whatimpressedmemostduringthetrip/journeyisthat...旅行中最讓我印象深刻的是……Wepaidavisitto...我們參觀了……Theplaceliesin/islocatedin...這個(gè)地方坐落于……Theplaceiswell-knownfor...這個(gè)地方以……而聞名。Ienjoyedapleasanttripto...withmyparentsthisNationalDayholiday.今年國慶節(jié)假期我和父母享受了一次愉快的……之旅。...isabeautifulgardencity，withcleanstreetsandvariousbuildings.……是一座漂亮的花園城市，有著干凈的街道和各種各樣的建筑。Wevisitedthecoveredstadium，whichishomeofseveralfamousbasketballteams.我們參觀了室內(nèi)體育場，那里是幾支著名籃球隊(duì)的駐地。Thesceneryissobeautifulthatittakesthetourists’breathaway.風(fēng)景如此美麗，真讓游客們驚嘆。Ithasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.它已經(jīng)成為世界上最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)之一。3．郵件結(jié)尾常用語Wewereallexhausted，butourtripto...wasreallyunforgettable.我們都很累，但是我們?nèi)ァ穆眯姓娴淖屓穗y忘。I’mlookingforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.我期待著你方便時(shí)給我回復(fù)。Idohopeyouwillhavefunin...我真的希望你能在……玩得開心。Notonlydidthetripentertainme，butitalsobroadenedmyhorizons.這次旅行不僅使我快樂而且開闊了我的視野。Exhaustedaswewere，itwasworthit.盡管我們很累，但這是值得的。Inaword，it’squiterelaxingandromantictotravelthereandIlovethisexperienceverymuch.總之，去那里旅行既讓人放松又浪漫，我非常喜歡這次經(jīng)歷。Isincerelyinviteyoutotravelto...withmenexttime.我真誠地邀請(qǐng)你下次和我一起去……旅行。假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國筆友Tom寫信詢問你去四川參觀樂山大佛的旅游經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)你用英語給他回一封郵件，要點(diǎn)包括：1．旅游過程；2．你的感受。注意：開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：大佛theGiantStoneBuddha第一步審題謀篇第二步遣詞造句核心詞匯(含本單元詞匯)1．使十分驚訝astonish2．字面上；真正地literally3．巨大的；非常嚴(yán)重的massive4．頂峰；山峰peak5．令人驚嘆的；可怕的；很好的awesome6．景色scenery7．令人驚嘆takesb’sbreathaway8．在黃昏atdusk9．令人愉快的；友好的pleasant10．一定會(huì)beboundto連詞成句(含本單元句型)1．七月七日，我和父母乘車去了四川樂山，一個(gè)以大佛聞名的地方。OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince.LeshanisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.2．我們吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)大佛真的很大。WewereastonishedtofindthattheBuddhaisliterallymassive.3．當(dāng)我抬頭看到巨大的佛頭，低頭看到巨大的佛腳時(shí)，我感到自己是多么渺小。WhenIlookedupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.4．第二天，直到登上了峨眉山山頂，我們才領(lǐng)略到了山上壯麗的風(fēng)景。Thenextday，wedidn’tappreciatetheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountainuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmei.5．在黃昏時(shí)刻，我們返程。Atdusk，wemadeourwayback.6．我們都非常累，但是我們?nèi)飞降穆贸陶娴募入y忘又使人愉快。Wewereallexhausted，butourtriptoLeshanwasreallyunforgettableandpleasant.7．如果再給我一次機(jī)會(huì)，我一定會(huì)再來游覽樂山。IfIamgivenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.第三步句式升級(jí)1．用非限制性定語從句改寫句1。OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince，whichisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.2．用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫句3。Lookingupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.3．把句4改成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Thenextday，itwasnotuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmeithatweappreciatedtheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountain.4．用done作狀語改寫句7。Givenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.第四步組句成篇用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇80個(gè)詞左右的英語短文。參考范文DearTom，I’mgladtoshareatrulyfascinatingtravelexperiencethatIhadduringmylastsummerholidaywithyou.OnJuly7，myparentsandItookabustoLeshan，SichuanProvince，whichisfamousfortheGiantStoneBuddha.WewereastonishedtofindtheBuddhaisliterallymassive.Lookingupatthelargeheadanddownatthelargefeet，IfeltIwassosmall.Thenextday，itwasnotuntilweclimbedtothepeakofMountEmeithatweappreciatedtheawesomeandspectacularsceneryonthemountain.Atdusk，wemadeourwayback.Wewereallexhausted，butourtriptoLeshanwasreallyunforgettableandpleasant.Givenanotherchance，IamboundtopayavisittoLeshanagain.I’mlookingforwardtogoingtoLeshanwithyounexttime.Yours，LiHua訓(xùn)練7ReadingforWriting(A)(分值：45分)Ⅰ.完成句子(話題寫作之旅行經(jīng)歷)(共5小題；每小題4分，滿分20分)1．暑假期間，我和我的父母去西藏的省會(huì)拉薩旅行，拉薩是這個(gè)地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化中心。Duringthissummervacation，myparentsandIwentonatriptothecapitalcityofTibet，Lhasa—thepolitical，economicandculturalcentreoftheregion.2．我把我們愉快的旅行歸功于出發(fā)前的充分準(zhǔn)備。Iowedourpleasantjourneytothefullpreparationspriortoourdeparture.3．我們看見西藏博物館展覽了許多文化瑰寶。WesawmanyculturaltreasuresshowninTibetMuseum.4．在那些日子里，我們都被那里的自然景色驚呆了。Duringthosedays，wewereallastonishedbythenaturalscenerythere.5．與我們城市的喧囂相反，西藏使我們感到祥和平靜。Contrarytothenoiseinourcity，Tibetmadeusfeelpeacefulandquiet.Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分10分)Sinceit’smadeupofover7,000islands，thePhilippinesisnotatrain-heavynation.Thatmeanscoachbusesaregoingtobeyourbestchoiceforgettingcity-to-city.ThereisasmalllightrailsystemintheManilametroarea(calledtheLightRailTransitSystemor“LRT”forshort)，butithasabadnameforbeingdelayedmostofthetime.Ifthephrase“coachbus”callsforthimagesofoldGreyhounds，you’reoffthemark.BecausecoachesinthePhilippinesaretheprimarymeansofintercitytransit，manypopularbuscompaniesactuallyfeatureonboardattendants(thinkflightattendants，but，youknow，onabus)aswellasentertainmentcenters，poshseats，andothercomfortableaccouterments(配備)．There’snoonecentralbuscompanyinthePhilippines，socentralbusstationsareuncommon.Thatmeansyouneedtoknowwhichcompanyyouwanttotake，whatbustogeton，andwheretocatchit.ConnectwithaFilipinolocalforhelpwhenyou’replanningyourtrip.They’llhelpyoufigureoutthewho/what/where/whenofbustransitandwalkyouthroughtheentireprocess.Besidescoachbuses，jeepneysarealsoverypopular.TheyareoldmilitaryjeepsleftoverfromtheUSoccupationofthePhilippineswhichhavesincebeenconvertedintocolorful，uniquely-Filipinoprivatebuses.They’recheap，usuallyaround10pesosperride，they’reeverywhere，andthey’reprobablythemostpopularformofmasstransitinthePhilippines.Morethananythingthough，jeepneysarecolorful.Theownerstakelotsofprideintheirrides，andit’scommontoseerichly-paintedjeepneysonmostmajorroads.Wheredoyoucatchajeepneyandwheredotheygo?Makeiteasyonyourself:haveyourlocaltripplannercontainatleastonejeepneyrideintoyourtravelplan—they’llgiveyoualltheinformationyouneed.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在菲律賓旅行常用的幾種交通工具。)1．HowdoesacoachbusinthePhilippinesdifferfromaGreyhound?A．Oftenrunningbehindtheschedule.B．TravelingwithinthecityareaofManila.C．Paintedwithbrightcolorswithlowcost.D．Comfortableequipmentwithfineservice.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，菲律賓長途客車與老舊灰狗巴士不同的是，菲律賓長途客車有堪比空姐的乘務(wù)人員，有豪華舒適的座位，還有娛樂中心等配套設(shè)施。故選D。2．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Jeepneysarepopularastheyaremodernandcomfortable.B．AFilipinolocalisthebestchoicetohelpyouplanyourtrip.C．Acentralbusstationcangiveyoutheinformationyouneed.D．Coachbusesprovidetheexperienceofaflightwithlowcost.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，菲律賓沒有中央巴士公司，因此要想在菲律賓旅行順利，需要聯(lián)系菲律賓當(dāng)?shù)厝藢で髱椭?。故選B。3．WhatcanbeimpressivetransitifyoutravelinthePhilippines?A．LRT. B．Train.C．Jeepney. D．Coachbus.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段以及最后一段首句“Morethananythingthough，jeepneysarecolorful.”可知，吉普尼最具菲律賓特色，是最能給游客們留下深刻印象的交通工具。故選C。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．TouristAttractionsinthePhilippinesB．CheapUniqueTransitinthePhilippinesC．OptionsofTransportationinthePhilippinesD．SpecialTravelingExperiencesinthePhilippines答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...thePhilippinesisnotatrain-heavynation.Thatmeanscoachbusesaregoingtobeyourbestchoiceforgettingcity-to-city.”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了在菲律賓旅行時(shí)可以選擇的交通工具。故選C。Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假如你是李華，前幾天你和父母一起去北京旅游了。請(qǐng)你給你的美國朋友馬克寫一封信介紹一下這次旅游經(jīng)歷。要點(diǎn)提示如下：1．參觀了許多景點(diǎn)，如故宮、長城、恭王府等；2．簡要介紹其中兩處景點(diǎn)。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：故宮thePalaceMuseum；恭王府PrinceGong’sMansion參考范文DearMark，Howiseverythinggoing?I’dliketosharesomethingaboutthepleasanttriptoBeijingIwentonwithmyparentsrecentlywithyou.Wepaidavisittomanyfamoustouristattractions.WhatimpressedmemostwerethePalaceMuseumandtheGreatWall.Withmanytreasuresinthepalace，theformerhasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.Thelatteristhehighlightofmytour，whichismadeofmillionsofmassiveandheavybricks，showingastonishingcraftofChinesepeople.Inaword，notonlydidthetripentertainme，butitalsobroadenedmyhorizons.IsincerelyinviteyoutovisitBeijingwithmeinthefuture.Yours，LiHua

訓(xùn)練8ReadingforWriting(B)(分值：32.5分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)AAsthecarboncountdownclocktickson，citiesmustbemoreimaginativeandcooperative，alivelyroundtablehostedinNewhambyanon-profitorganizationFriendsoftheEarthsaid.“Netzeroisaroundthecorner，”saidMikeWake，DirectorofFriendsoftheEarth.“TheUKhascutgreenhousegasemission(排放)by40%todatemostlythroughthegrowthoflargerenewablegenerationonthegrid(輸電網(wǎng))，butfurthercutswillbeneededasLondontriestofindnewwaysofusingenergy.”“WhileNewhamhaslowergreenhousegasemissionperheadthantheUK，ithashighlevelsoffuelpoverty，poorairqualityandleakyhomes.Vastlyimprovedenergyefficiency，especiallyonolderandleakierhomes，alongwithmoreefficientformsofheatingandanexpansionoflowcarbonheatnetworks，willhelp，”saidWake.“Butthefuturerequiresashifttoamorecommunalsolution，”therepresentativessaid.Districtheating，whichpipeshotwaterfromacentralsourcetoconnectedhomesorbusinesses，isoftenacheaperandlower-carbonmethodofheatinghighlypopulatedareas.“It’sthelowestcostandlowcarbonsolutionforthefuture，”Wakeadded.“Therearenewtechnologiestousewastedheat，”Wakesaid.“Weworkedwithbusinessestodecarbonise(使環(huán)保)energysupply.Ratherthanwasting，spareheatgeneratedbymanufacturingandotheractivitiescanbecapturedandusedtoheatnearbyproperties.FriendsoftheEarthhasalreadyhelpedsaveNewhamthousandsoftonnesofemissionsthroughdistrictheatingplans，solarPVandmoreenergyefficientmeasuresinthehomes.”Butthechallengesaresubstantial.NewhamhasLondon’ssecond-highestrateoffuelpoverty.“Anyway，I’mconfidentandhopefulaboutthecollectivechallenge，”saidWake.“ButforNewhamtobeattheforefrontofagreeneconomy，tosolvefuelpovertyanddealwithstructuralequalities，wemustsparenoeffort.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，主要講述為了提高能源效率和實(shí)現(xiàn)“零排放”的目標(biāo)，各個(gè)城市必須更具有創(chuàng)新和合作精神。1．WhatdoesWakethinkofcuttinggreenhousegasemissionintheUK?A．Itdoesn’tworkatall.B．Itendedashorttimeago.C．Itisverydifficulttocontinue.D．Itstillneedstobeimproved.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheUKhascutgreenhousegasemission(排放)by40%...butfurthercutswillbeneededasLondontriestofindnewwaysofusingenergy.”可知，維克認(rèn)為，英國在減少溫室氣體排放方面仍需改進(jìn)。故選D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“communal”inparagraph4mean?A．Expensive. B．Peaceful.C．Public. D．Complex.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文“Districtheating，whichpipeshotwaterfromacentralsourcetoconnectedhomesorbusinesses，isoftenacheaperandlower-carbonmethodofheatinghighlypopulatedareas.”可知，未來需要轉(zhuǎn)向更加公共的解決方案。由此可知，畫線詞communal意為“公共的”。故選C。3．HowdidFriendsoftheEarthhelpprotecttheenvironment?A．Byreleasingwastedheat.B．Bystartingupmanybusinesses.C．Bymakingnationalheatingplans.D．Bysolvingtheissuesaboutenergy.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“FriendsoftheEarthhasalreadyhelpedsaveNewhamthousandsoftonnesofemissionsthroughdistrictheatingplans，solarPVandmoreenergyefficientmeasuresinthehomes.”可推知，“地球之友”組織通過解決能源問題來減少碳排放，從而保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選D。4．WhatisWake’sattitudetothechallengesofNewham?A．Worried. B．Positive.C．Uncaring. D．Critical.答案B解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Anyway，I’mconfidentandhopefulaboutthecollectivechallenge，’saidWake.”可推知，維克對(duì)紐漢區(qū)所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)充滿信心和希望。故選B。BSomeinsectscontainpoisonsthatdonotaffectaninsect-eatingbirduntilafterthebirdhasswallowedoneofthem.Beingswallowedisalmostalwaysfatalfortheseinsects.Howdoesaninsectbenefitbycontainingapoisonthatiseffectiveonlyafterithasbeenkilledandeaten?Thisparadox(悖論)isresolvedoncewerealizethatbirds，whicharemadeillbythepoisonbutarerarelykilledbyit，soonlearntorecognizethewarningsignalsofpoisonousinsectsandrejectthemonsight.Eatingapoisonousinsectisaneducationalexperienceforpredators(捕食者)，andthusthedeathoftheinsectvictim(受害者)servestoprotectothermembersofitsownspecies.Ontheonehand，iftheseothermembersofthespeciesarerelativesofthevictim—perhapsitsownoffspring，siblings，orfirstcousins—theirgeneticmakeupwillbesimilartothevictim’s，andmanyofthevictim’sgeneswillsurviveinthem.Ontheotherhand，aninsect’ssurvivalfitnessisnotimprovedifitkillsthebirdthateatsit.Indeed，thevictimbenefitsifthebirdsurvivesaftereatingthevictimandbecomingawareofitspoisonousproperties.Howcome?Mostbirdsareterritorial.Theyliveinasmallanddelimitedareafromwhichtheykeepoutmembersoftheirownspeciesotherthantheirmates.Ifthepoisonousinsectspeciesdoeslivewithin，oratleastpassthrough，theterritoryofsomebird，thebirdwillleavethemalonebecauseithasbeentaughtnottoattackthembythedeathoftheirrelative.Butiftheterritory-holdingbirdiskilled，itwillalmostimmediatelybereplacedbyawanderingmemberofitsownspecies，afloaterthatisstillsearchingforaterritoryofitsown.Whenanexperiencedpredatorthathaslearnednottoattacktheinsectsinquestionisreplacedbyafloaterthathappenstobeinexperienced，therelativesoftheinsectvictimdonotbenefitfromitsdeath.Thusprotectivesystemsbasedonbenign(無害的)poisonsarefarmorelikelytoevolveandcontinuethansystemsbasedondeadlypoisons.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了昆蟲和鳥類之間微妙的生態(tài)平衡關(guān)系。)5．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toclarifyaconcept.B．Toprovokethinking.C．Toemphasizethetopic.D．Tointroduceaconclusion.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段以及下文內(nèi)容可推知，第一段旨在引發(fā)讀者思考一個(gè)看似奇怪的現(xiàn)象。故選B。6．Whyiseatingapoisonousinsectaneducationalexperienceforbirds?A．Birdswilllearntoavoidpoisonousinsects.B．Birdswilltakeinadequatenutritionafterwards.C．Birdswillwarntheirmembersofthepotentialdanger.D．Birdswilladaptthemselvestoeatingpoisonousinsects.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“...birds，whicharemadeillbythepoisonbutarerarelykilledbyit，soonlearntorecognizethewarningsignalsofpoisonousinsectsandrejectthemonsight.”可推知，吃毒蟲讓鳥類學(xué)會(huì)避開有毒的昆蟲。故選A。7．Whatwouldbetheconsequenceifpoisonousinsectswerefataltothebirds?A．Birdswouldhavewiderterritories.B．Insectsandbirdswouldliveinharmony.C．Bothinsectsandpredatorswouldsufferloss.D．Insectswouldbecometheowneroftheterritory.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whenanexperiencedpredator...isreplacedbyafloaterthathappenstobeinexperienced，therelativesoftheinsectvictimdonotbenefitfromitsdeath.Thusprotectivesystemsbasedonbenign(無害的)poisonsarefarmorelikelytoevolveandcontinuethansystemsbasedondeadlypoisons.”可推知，如果昆蟲的毒性致死的話，身為捕食者的鳥類和被吃掉的昆蟲都會(huì)遭受損失。故選C。8．Whichproverbcaninterprettheinsects’protectivesysteminaway?A．Likecureslike.B．Littlethingsamuselittleminds.C．Liveandletlive.D．Aclosemouthcatchesnoflies.答案C解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了食物鏈中捕食者鳥類和被捕獵者昆蟲之間通過不致死的良性中毒來保持微妙的平衡，可以用C項(xiàng)“Liveandletlive.”(相互寬容，互不干擾)來解讀。Likecureslike以毒攻毒；Littlethingsamuselittleminds小人無大志；Aclosemouthcatchesnoflies口緊不招禍。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，共12.5分)ReasonstoPutonYourRollerbladesandHitthePavementRollerblading(滑旱冰)isgreatforbuildingbalance，strengtheningmuscles，andimprovingmentalhealth.It’salsoacheap，fun，andeco-friendlywaytogetyourdailyexercisein.It’sfun.Weallknowthatweshouldbeexercisingseveraltimesaweek，andpickingaworkoutthatisfunnaturallymotivatesustogetupandgetgoing.1Thetopbenefitofrollerbladingisexercisinginwaysthatarefun，soul-filling，andmentalhealth-improving.It’scheap.Rollerbladingisalsoagreatexercisechoicebecauseitcostsver