遼寧省大連市部分重點高中2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE19遼寧省大連市部分重點中學2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期中試題（含解析）第I卷選擇題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10個小題，每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMyfamilylivesinTexas.IwasbornandbroughtupinTexasandIamagraduateoftheUniversityofTexas.However,aroundmysecondyearinlawschool,Iwantedtomakeagreatchange,whichwasalmostunheardofforTexans:Iwantedtoleave!Irealizedthisaftercompletingmyfirst-yearinternship(實習期).IknewIwantedsomethingdifferentandmychancecameduringthe2024SuperBowlinDallas.Asnowstormblanketedtheentirecityinsnowandthousandsofpeopleweregathered.IheardbychancethatStubHub,abigcompanyfromagreatcity,SanFrancisco,wasthrowingapartynextdoortomyhotel.IthoughtifIcouldgetaninternship,Icouldleaveforthesummerandatleastseewhatitwaslike.Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.Therewasjustoneproblem:Iwasn’tinvitedtotheStubHubparty.ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.Icrashedthepartyandfoundmywaytothepresident.Ikindlyintroducedmyselfandthenaskediftheyhadalegalinternshipprogram.Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern,eventhoughnosuchprogramexisted.Althoughthelegaldepartmentonlyhadatemporarypositionforme,theexperiencehasshapedmylife.WorkingforagreatcompanyinSanFrancisco,I’mveryhappyformakingmydecisiontoleaveTexas.ByleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortable.Exploringtheunfamiliarishowyou’llunderstandwhatfitsyourlife.Isay,diveinheadfirst.1.WhathappenedtotheauthorinDallasin2024?A.Shewasacceptedasalegalintern. B.SheplayedintheSuperBowl.C.SheescapedfromSanFrancisco. D.Shemetupwithherfamily.2.Whichisthebiggestlessonthattheauthorlearnedfromtheexperience?A.Youmustchooseacareerthatyoulike.B.Jumpingoutofyourcomfortzoneisrewarding.C.Acceptingwhoyouaremakesyourealizeyourstrengths.D.Youshouldlistentoyourfamilytolearnaboutyourpotential.3.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Patientandmodest. B.Supportiveandenergetic.C.Intelligentandhumorous. D.Determinedandpositive.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己高校畢業(yè)后通過努力為自己爭取到了一家大公司的法律實習生崗位，并通過這次經(jīng)驗發(fā)出感慨：走出舒適區(qū)會有許多好處。【1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Guesswhat?Theyacceptedmyrequesttobealegalintern（你猜怎么著?他們接受了我的懇求去當法律實習生）”可知，作者提出的想當法律實習生的申請被通過了。故選A項。【2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“yleavingTexas,Ilearnedthatitissomuchmorerewardingtotrytheunfamiliarthantostayinthecomfortable.（離開德克薩斯州后，我明白了嘗試生疏的事物比呆在舒適的環(huán)境中更有意義。）”可知，作者在這次經(jīng)驗中領(lǐng)悟到了，跳出舒適區(qū)是特別有益的。故選B項。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。A.Patientandmodest.有耐性的、虛心的；B.Supportiveandenergetic.支持的、精力充足的；C.Intelligentandhumorous.聰慧的、幽默的；D.Determinedandpositive.堅決的、主動的。從第一段末尾“Iwantedtoleave!（我想離開!）”和其次段末尾“Yes,itwasahugeleap.ItoldmyselfIwasready.（是的，這是一個巨大的飛躍。我告知自己我打算好了。）”可知，作者是一個特別有決心的人；依據(jù)第三段其次句“ButyouknowI’mthetypeofpersonwhogoesforsomethingshewants.（但你知道我是那種追求自己想要的東西的人。）”可知，作者對于自己想要的東西會特別主動地去追求。所以作者是有決心且主動的人。故選D項。BMoveover,helicopterparents.“Snowplow(掃雪機)parents”arethenewestreflectionofanintensive(強化的)parentingstylethatcanincludeparentsbookingtheiradultchildrenhaircuts,textingtheircollegekidstowakethemupsotheydon’tsleepthroughatest,andevencallingtheirkids’employers.Helicopterparenting,thepracticeofwanderinganxiouslynearone’schildren,monitoringtheireveryactivity,isso20thcentury.Somerichmothersandfathersnowaremorelikesnowplows:machinesmovingahead,clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration(挫折)orloseopportunities.Itstartsearly,whenparentsgetonwaitlistsforexcellentpreschoolsbeforetheirbabiesarebornandtrytomakesuretheirkidsneverdoanythingthatmayfrustratethem.Itgetsmoreintensewhenschoolstarts:runningforgottenhomeworktoschoolorcallingacoachtorequestthattheirchildrenmaketheteam.Richparentsmayhavemoretimeandmoneytodevotetomakingsuretheirchildrendon’tevermeetwithfailure,butit’snotonlyrichparentspracticingsnowplowparenting.Thisintensiveparentinghasbecomethemostwelcomewaytoraisechildren,regardlessofincome,education,orrace.Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmature(成熟的)enoughtodoso.That’swhyparentshidecertaintoysfrombabiestoavoidgettingangryortakeawayateenager’scarkeysuntilhefinisheshiscollegeapplications.Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.Ifchildrenhaveneverfacedadifficulty,whathappenswhentheygetintotherealworld?“Solvingproblemstakingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,”manychilddevelopmentexpertssay,“andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tgainthem.”4.Whatdoweknowaboutsnowplowparenting?A.Itappearedbeforehelicopterparenting.B.Itcostsparentslessthanhelicopterparenting.C.Itwasatypicalphenomenonofthe20thcentury.D.Itprovidesmorethanenoughservicesforchildren.5.Whydoestheauthormentionparents’takingawaycarkeys?A.Toshowteenagersarenobetterthanbabies.B.Toadviseteenagersnottotreattheircarsastoys.C.Toadviseparentsnottobuycarsfortheirteenagers.D.Toshowit’scorrecttohelpchildrenwhennecessary.6.What’sthepossibleresultofsnowplowparentingaccordingtotheexperts?A.Childrenlackingproblem-solvingabilityinreality.B.Childrenmasteringmorekeylifeskillsthanparents.C.Childrengaininggreatsuccessineveryaspectoflife.D.Childrenmeetingnoproblemsorfrustrationaftergrowingup【答案】4.D5.D6.A【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章認為，掃雪機式的父母為孩子掃除成長道路上的一切障礙，剝奪了孩子受挫折和培育生存技能的機會，對孩子的成長是不利的。4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration(挫折)orloseopportunities.（清除他們孩子勝利道路上的任何困難，所以他們不必遭遇失敗，挫折或失去機會。）”和倒數(shù)其次段第一句“Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.（但一些專家說，掃雪機父母可能做得太過了。）”可知，作者認為掃雪機式的父母剝奪了孩子面對困難和挫折的機會，他們?yōu)楹⒆庸囊磺羞h遠多于孩子所須要的。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句“Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmature(成熟的)enoughtodoso.（是的，支持孩子是父母的職責，在孩子還不夠成熟的時候，用他們成年人的才智為將來做打算。）”可知，作者并非完全不贊成父母對孩子的管理和干涉，在孩子不成熟的時候賜予恰當合理的支持和干預是為人父母應盡的義務。作者舉“父母拿走孩子車鑰匙”的例子是想證明，這是父母恰當干預孩子的正確示例。故選D項?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中兒童專家所說的話“Solvingproblems,takingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tgainthem.（解決問題，冒險和克服挫折是關(guān)鍵的生活技能，假如父母不讓他們的孩子經(jīng)驗失敗，孩子就不會得到這些。）”可知，掃雪機式的父母為孩子掃平了成長道路上的一切障礙，使得孩子失去了培育各種生活技能的機會，將來走上社會必定會缺乏解決實際問題的實力。故選A項。CItiswellknownthatmalehumpbackwhales(座頭鯨)areskilledsingers.Theirsongsarethoughttoattractfemalesinhighfrequencysoundswhiletocompetewithothermalesinlowfrequencysounds.ResearchledbytheWildlifeConservationSocietyhasnowmadeanewdiscovery.Thestudylookedatthesongsoftwohumpbackwhalepopulations,basedonsoundrecordingscollectedfrom2013to2024.OnegroupwasbasedintheSouthAtlantic,offthecoastofGabon,andtheotherintheIndianOceannearMadagascar.Analysisoftherecordingsshowedthatthetwogroupspickedupmusicalideasfromeachotherandborrowedphrasesandthemesintotheirlatestsong.Thissuggestedthatthemalesfromthetwogroupscameintocontactwitheachotheroverthefiveyearsandsharedsongs.Touncoverthismusicalcooperation,researchersrecordedthesongsandtranscribethemintomorethan1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,orsongunits.Theyfoundthattheunitswerecomposedintolargerphrases,whichwerethenrepeatedtoformthemes.Thesethemesweresungforhoursatatime,orevendays.By2024,bothpopulationshavebeensinginglargelythesamesongs."Thissimilarityinthesongsshowsthatthesetwopopulationscomeintoclosercontactthanothersouthernpopulations,explainsDrMelindaRekdahl,leadingauthorofthestudy.Aswellasbeinganinterestingphenomenon,sheexplainsthatthosesongsallowevengreaterinsightintotheworkingsofthehumpbackwhalepopulations.7.Whatdopeopleusuallythinkofthepurposeofmalehumpbackwhales'songs?A.Tohavefun.B.Toattractotherfish.C.Toincreasethepopulationoftheirgroup.D.Toattractfemalesandcompetewithothermales.8.Howcouldthetwogroupsofhumpbackwhalesinresearchsingsimilarsongs?A.Theywerebornwiththosesongs.B.Theresearcherscomposedsimilarsongsforthem.C.Themalewhalesfromthetwogroupslearnedsingingfromeachother.D.Themalewhalestaughtthefemalessongsfromtheothergroup.9Whatdoestheunderlinedword"transcribeinParagraph3mean?A.Change. B.Describe.C.Create. D.Enjoy.10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AKindofMagicWhales. B.MaleHumpbackWhalesShareSongs.C.TheBiggestOceanAnimals. D.TheWorkingsofHumpbackWhalePopulations.【答案】7.D8.C9.A10.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，講解并描述了雄性座頭鯨的聲音，以及他們聲音的傳播共享。【7題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Theirsongsarethoughttoattractfemalesinhighfrequencysoundswhiletocompetewithothermalesinlowfrequencysounds.”人們認為，雄性座頭鯨的歌聲能在高頻吸引雌性，而在低頻與其他雄性競爭。吸引雌性并與其他雄性競爭。故選D項?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Thissimilarityinthesongsshowsthatthesetwopopulationscomeintoclosercontactthanothersouthernpopulations”這兩首歌的相像性表明，這兩個族群的接觸比其他南方族群更為親密?？芍@兩組雄性鯨魚相互學習唱歌。故選C項?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。第三段“Touncoverthismusicalcooperation,researchersrecordedthesongsandtranscribethemintomorethan1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,”為了揭示這種音樂上的合作，探討人員記錄了這些歌曲，并將它們轉(zhuǎn)錄成1500多個單獨的聲音和模式。由“songs”到“1,500individualsoundsandpatterns,”是一個“轉(zhuǎn)變，變更”。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。文章首句“Itiswellknownthatmalehumpbackwhales(座頭鯨)areskilledsingers.”起先到最終一的探討報告，通段通篇在探討雄性座頭鯨的聲音，以及他們聲音的傳播共享。故選B項。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whatisyourbeststudytime?Doyoufeelmostlikestudyinginthelatehoursofthenight?______11______Butthatcanbeaproblemforparentsandschoolofficials.Whilesomestudentsliketogetupearlyinthemorningandstudy,mostwillsaythatlatenightstudyingismostproductive.Whenitcomestobrainpower,studentswillsaytheyperformbetteratnightandthefactthatparentsmightfindsurprisingandinterestingisthatscienceseemstoagree.Thatcanbeaproblem!Schoolstartsearlyinthemorningformoststudents,sothebenefitsofstudyingatnightcanbereducedbythedrowsiness(昏昏欲睡)ofmissingsleep!___12___Hereareafewtipsformaximizingstudytime.●______13______Youmightsurpriseyourself.Trygettingupearlytostudyandseeifitworksout.●Haveatalkwithparentstotellthemthatteenbrainsdoperformbetteratnight,soyouwon’thavetodealwithmiscommunication.______14______Youmightbeabletocomeupwithasolution.●Agreeonanabsolute“starttime”forstudyingifyouneedtostudylate.TurnofftheTV!Yourbrainshouldbejustfineatsixorseveno’clock.Youdon’tneedtostartafterdark.●Agreeonasoliddeadlineforclosingbooksandgettingtosleep.●______15______Youcandoallofthatearlyeveningandgetseriouslaterintheeveningifyou’reanightowl.●Uponoccasion,youmaybeabletogotoschoolalittlelateifyouhavetostudyforanafternoontest.Aslongasyouarecommunicatingwithyourparents,andaslongasthetardinessdoesn’thurtyourgrades,youmaybeabletoworkthisout.A.Showthemthescience.B.Ifso,youarenotalone.C.Don’twastetimeontexts,games,andsocialmedia.D.Ifnot,adjustyourstudyhabitsasquicklyasyoucan.E.Therefore,it’sagoodideatostudyearlyintheevening.F.Figureoutifyouareamorningpersonoranightperson.G.Sciencealsoshowsthattheamountofsleepyougetwillaffectyouracademicperformance.【答案】11.B12.G13.F14.A15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。不同的人有不同的學習習慣，有的喜愛早晨學習，有的卻在夜晚的學習效果更佳。文章向讀者介紹了使學習時間最大化的方法。【11題詳解】上文“Doyoufeelmostlikestudyinginthelatehoursofthenight（你最喜愛在深夜學習？）”與B項“假如是，你不是一個人”承接自然，上文提出問題，選項對問題進行回答，且so指代上文“喜愛在深夜學習”這種狀況。故選B項?！?2題詳解】依據(jù)第三段中“thebenefitsofstudyingatnightcanbereducedbythedrowsiness(昏昏欲睡)ofmissingsleep!（晚上學習的好處會因為缺少睡眠而降低!）”可知，本段說的是睡眠時間對學習效率的影響，選項G中“科學也指出睡眠時間的長短會影響學習成果”符合第三段關(guān)于睡眠時間影響學習的主要內(nèi)容。故選G項。【13題詳解】選項F中“弄清晰你是一個早起的人還是一個夜貓子。”而空后的內(nèi)容“Trygettingupearlytostudyandseeifitworksout.（試著早起學習，看看效果如何。）”是給出詳細的方法，前后連接緊密，符合邏輯。故選F項?！?4題詳解】空前建議讀者“Haveatalkwithparentstotellthemthatteenbrainsdoperformbetteratnight,soyouwon’thavetodealwithmiscommunication.（與父母談一次話，告知他們青少年的大腦在晚上運轉(zhuǎn)更好，這樣你就不必處理誤會了）”，目的是讓父母不至于誤會自己的行為。選項A中建議“向他們展示科學理論”是繼談話之后的更進一步的溝通，通過展示科學理論最終可能會找到解決問題的方法。A項中的them指代前文的parents，符合邏輯。故選A項?！?5題詳解】依據(jù)空后的“Youcandoallofthatearlyeveningandgetseriouslaterintheeveningifyou’reanightowl.（假如你是夜貓子，你可以在晚上早些時候做這些事情，然后在晚些時候做重要的事情。）”可知，夜貓子型的人應當把重要的事情留到晚些時候去做，而把不重要的事情調(diào)整到晚上的早些時候去做，C項中的“短信，嬉戲和社交媒體”屬于不重要的事情，應當在晚上早些時候做，且后文的“that”就指代選項提到那些事。故選C項。其次部分:語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié):完型填空(共20題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)[來源:.Com]閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Atlunchtime,Henry,TomandIbeganour____16____routineofourlunches.Iglancedacrossthebusycafeteriaandsawthe____17____student,Jack.Hewasholdinghisplateandwaitinginlines.Henry____18____himtoo.“Why’sthenewkiddressedliketheheadmaster?”heasked.Tomlaughed.“Jackiscool.He’sinmyEnglishandhistoryclasses,”Isaid.However,Ikeptthe____19____thatJackandIhadbecomefriendswhenweworkedonaprojecttogether.We____20____thatwewerebothenthusiasticreaders––somethingIwouldneveradmittoHenryandTom.IsawthatJackwas___21___towardus.“Don’tdoit,”Ithought,butinsecondshewasatourtable.Myfriendsraisedtheireyebrows.They____22____theirbackpacksonthetableandchairssothattherewasno____23____leftforanotherpersontositdown.Tomsaid,“Idon’tthinkwehaveroom.”Thisembarrassingsituation____24____theair.IcouldfeelJacklookingatme,butIstaredatmy___25___asifitcontainedpreciouspearlsofwisdominsteadofriceandbeans.Afteralong,____26____pause,Jackleft.I____27____havespokenupforhim,butIcouldn’twalkawayfrommytwofriends,couldI?Jackdidn’tspeaktomeafterthat___28___.Hewassoon___29___aroundwithanothergroupofkids.Afewmonthslater,IsawanannouncementaboutJackbeingchosentobepresidentoftheclassbookclub.IwashappyforJack’sachievements,butIrealizedIhadmadeabigmistake___30___Isaidnothingatthelunchtablethatday.WhywasIso___31___thatmyfriendsmightfindoutthatIliketoread?AsIstaredattheannouncement,IknewIneededto___32___toJack––evenifhedidnotwanttobecomemyfriendagain.Iwascertainthatmytwofriendswouldnot___33___.IwasalsocertainthatI___34___losingthemaswell.However,IknewthatIwouldlosemyselfifIdidnothing.Asthebellrang,Igatheredupmybooks,took(a)deep___35___,andwenttofindJack.16.A.special B.particular C.regular D.occasional17.A.good B.top C.lucky D.new18.A.noticed B.helped C.examined D.called19A.words B.ideas C.truth D.promise20.A.forgot B.argued C.discussed D.discovered21.A.running B.flying C.walking D.driving22.A.piled B.pressed C.preferred D.pushed23.A.book B.food C.time D.space24.A.forced B.froze C.forgot D.forbade25.A.face B.lunch C.backpack D.table26.A.unsatisfied B.affordable C.uncomfortable D.avoidable27.A.need B.should C.would D.must28.A.greeting B.change C.meeting D.lesson29.A.turning B.looking C.showing D.hanging30.A.before B.until C.when D.after31.A.confused B.surprised C.excited D.afraid32.A.adapt B.apologize C.smile D.refer33.A.refuse B.agree C.mind D.choose34.A.risked B.permitted C.tried D.suggested35.A.delight B.silence C.breath D.thought【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.C20.D21.C22.A23.D24.B25.B26.C27.B28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者由于膽怯 失去已有的兩個摯友而不敢承認新相識的摯友Jack，后來作者意識到了自己的錯誤，確定向Jack致歉。【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：午飯時，亨利、湯姆和我起先吃午飯。A.special特殊的；B.particular特殊的；C.regular有規(guī)律的；D.occasional偶然的，臨時的。依據(jù)該空后的routine（常規(guī)，慣例）可知，此處指午飯時間吃午飯，是有規(guī)律的事情。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐廳，望見了新來的學生杰克。A.good好的；B.top最佳的；C.lucky幸運的；D.new新的。依據(jù)其次段中Henry所說的話“Why’sthenewkiddressedliketheheadmaster?（為什么新來的孩子穿得像校長?）”可知，此處指Jack是個新生。故選D項。【18題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：亨利也留意到了他。A.noticed留意到；B.helped幫助；C.examined檢查；D.called呼叫。依據(jù)空后的too可知，此處指Henry也做了和“我”一樣的動作，上文提到“Iglancedacrossthebusycafeteriaandsawthenewstudent,Jack.(我瞥了一眼繁忙的自助餐廳，望見了新來的學生杰克?！笨芍颂幹窰erry也留意到了Jack。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我隱瞞了我和杰克是在一起做項目時成為摯友的事實。A.words消息；B.ideas觀點，辦法；C.truth事實；D.promise承諾。該句中主句動詞kept是一般過去式，而that引導的同位語從句中謂語hadbecome是過去完成式，表明在主句動作發(fā)生時，從句動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，即“我”和Jack是摯友這件事已經(jīng)是事實了。該段句首作者說“Jackiscool.（杰克很酷）”來贊揚杰克，可推斷他和Jack已經(jīng)成為摯友了。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們發(fā)覺我們都是熱忱的讀者——這是我恒久不會向亨利和湯姆承認的。A.forgot遺忘；B.argued爭辯；C.discussed探討；D.discovered發(fā)覺。依據(jù)賓語從句的內(nèi)容“thatwewerebothenthusiasticreaders（我們都是熱忱的讀者）”可知，此處指作者和Jack都發(fā)覺了雙方的共同點，因此才成為了摯友，故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我望見杰克正向我們走來。A.running跑；B.flying飛；C.walking走；D.driving駕駛。依據(jù)第一段中的“thebusycafeteria（繁忙的餐廳）”可知故事發(fā)生在餐廳里，又依據(jù)后文的“butinsecondshewasatourtable.（但幾秒鐘后，他就來到了我們的桌子旁。）”可知，Jack是向“我們”走過來，故選C項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，這樣就沒有地方留給另一個人坐下。A.piled積累；B.pressed按壓；C.preferred偏愛；D.pushed推。賓語是背包，又依據(jù)后文sothat引導的目的狀語從句的內(nèi)容可知，此處指他們?yōu)榱瞬蛔寗e人坐下就盡可能地把背包堆滿桌子和椅子，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把背包堆在桌子和椅子上，這樣就沒有地方留給另一個人坐下了。A.book書；B.food食物；C.time時間；D.space空間，地方。依據(jù)后文的“Idon’tthinkwehaveroom.（我想我們沒有地方了。）”可知，此處他們是用書包占據(jù)了地方，故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個尷尬的局面使空氣都凝固了。A.forced強迫；B.froze凍結(jié)，凝固；C.forgot遺忘；D.forbade禁止。依據(jù)第11空后的pause（暫停）可知，此處誰都沒有說話，仿佛一切都靜止了，空氣都凝固了，故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能感覺到杰克在盯著我看，但我盯著自己的午餐，似乎里面沒有米飯和豆子，而是才智的明珠。A.face臉；B.lunch午餐；C.backpack背包；D.table桌子。依據(jù)后文的“insteadofriceandbeans（而不是米飯和豆子）”可知，此處作者不敢面對Jack，只是低頭看著自己的午餐。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一段許久的、令人擔憂的緘默，杰克離開了。A.unsatisfied不滿足的；B.affordable負擔得起的；C.uncomfortable不舒適的；D.avoidable可避開的。結(jié)合前文語境，作者在Jack看向自己的時候不敢抬頭面對他，仿佛整個空氣都凝固了，可知此處作者感覺那段時間的緘默令人很不舒適，故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析。句意：我應當為他說話，但我不能離開我的兩個摯友，對嗎?A.need須要；B.should應當；C.would將要；D.must必需。shouldhavedone表示“本應當做某事（而事實上并沒有做）”，依據(jù)but后的“不能離開兩個摯友”，可知作者事實上并未為Jack說話，故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那次碰面后杰克沒跟我說話。A.greeting問候；B.change變更，變更；C.meeting會議，碰面；D.lesson教訓，課。結(jié)合上文可知，此處指在那次的餐廳碰面之后Jack再也沒跟作者說過話。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他很快就和另一群孩子混在一起了。A.turning轉(zhuǎn)向；B.looking看；C.showing展示，表明；D.hanging懸掛。固定短語hangaround意為：閑逛。此處指Jack在與“我們”碰面遭到拒絕后，很快找到了新的玩伴，故選D項。【30題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我為杰克的成果感到興奮，但我意識到當我那天在午餐桌上什么也沒說的時候我犯了一個大錯誤。A.before在……之前；B.until直到；C.when當……時；D.after在……之后。此處when引導時間狀語從句，表明作者意識到自己在何時犯了大錯誤，故選C項。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么我當時如此膽怯 我的摯友會發(fā)覺我喜愛閱讀?A.confused困惑的；B.surprised驚異的；C.excited興奮的；D.afraid擔憂的，膽怯 的。依據(jù)第三段最終一句中“somethingIwouldneveradmittoHenryandTom.（這是我恒久不會向亨利和湯姆承認的。）”可知，作者膽怯 讓摯友們知道自己喜愛閱讀，故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我看著公告的時候，我知道我必需向杰克致歉——即使他不想再成為我的摯友。A.adapt使適應，改編；B.apologize致歉；C.smile微笑；D.refer參考。依據(jù)上文“IrealizedIhadmadeabigmistake（我意識到我犯了大錯）”可知此處作者想向Jack致歉。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我確信我的兩個摯友不會同意。18.A.refuse拒絕；B.agree同意；C.mind介意；D.choose選擇。依據(jù)上文“我的摯友們”對Jack所做的不友好的舉動可推想，他們是不會同意作者向Jack致歉的。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我也確信我也有失去他們的危急。A.risked冒險；B.permitted允許；C.tried嘗試；D.suggested建議，表明。前文說“Iwascertainthatmytwofriendswouldnotagree.（我確信我的兩個摯友不會同意。）”可知，假如他向Jack致歉就會惹摯友們生氣，使得他冒失去摯友的危急。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鈴聲一響，我就把書收起來，深吸了一口氣，然后去找杰克。A.delight興奮；B.silence緘默；C.breath呼吸；D.thought思想。固定短語takeadeepbreath意為：深吸一口氣。這里指作者做好了充分的打算，故選C項。第II卷非選擇題其次節(jié)(共10題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ourworldmay____36____(fill)withdriverlesscarsinthenearfuture.But_____37_____willwecommunicatewiththemifthere’snobodyinthedriver’sseat?Atpresent,driverscanmakegestureslike____38____(nod)whentheyletuscrossthestreet.____39____ofcourse,self-drivingcarsdon’thavethisability.UScarmakerFordanditspartnerVirginiaTech____40____(try)tosolvethisproblem.Theteamistestingamethod____41____useslightsignals.Forexample,aslowblinking(閃耀的)lightshowsthecariscomingto____42____stop,andarapidlyflashinglighttellspassers-bythatthecarisabouttospeedup.___43___(test)themethodonrealroads,theteamhasdesignedaspecialsuitthatlookslikeacarseat.Whenadriverwearsit,itappearsasifthecarisdriverless.Theteam____44____(success)collectedmorethan1,500hoursofdata,recordinghowpeopleinteracted(互動)witha“driverless”car.Fordsaysitplanstosharethedata_____45_____11othercarmakers,whichshouldleadtoasignalingsystemtobeusedineverydriverlesscar.【答案】36.befilled37.how38.nodding39.However40.aretrying41.that/which42.a43.Totest44.successfully45.with【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了汽車制造商和專家在無人駕駛汽車與行人進行溝通互動方面做出的努力和取得的成果?！?6題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：在不久的將來，我們的世界可能會充溢無人駕駛汽車。結(jié)合提示詞fill（填充，充溢）并分析句子成分可知，主句ourworld與cars是被動關(guān)系，又因為空前有情態(tài)動詞may，所以設(shè)空處的be動詞應用原形。故填befilled?！?7題詳解】考查特殊疑問詞。句意：但是假如沒有人坐在駕駛座上，我們怎么和它們溝通呢?依據(jù)句尾的問號并分析句子成分可知，句中缺少狀語，又結(jié)合if從句的句意，此處作者想提出如何與汽車溝通的問題。故填how。【38題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：目前，司機讓我們過公路時還可以做出如點頭等動作的手勢。like意為“像”時是介詞，后面需接名詞、代詞或動名詞形式作賓語，故填nodding。【39題詳解】考查副詞。句意：然而，自動駕駛汽車當然沒有這種實力。空前說司機通過做動作來與行人溝通，空后說“自動駕駛汽車當然沒有這種實力”，前后意義相反，表示對比和轉(zhuǎn)折，故填However。【40題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在進行時。句意：美國汽車制造商福特(Ford)及其合作伙伴弗吉尼亞理工高校(VirginiaTech)正試圖解決這個問題。依據(jù)后面句子“Theteamistestingamethod（團隊正在測試一種方法）”的現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)可知，福特(Ford)及其合作伙伴弗吉尼亞理工高校(VirginiaTech)是正在努力解決這個問題，所以應用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)，主語是復數(shù)，be動詞應用are。故填aretrying?！?1題詳解】考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。句意：該團隊正在測試一種運用光信號的方法。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處引導定語從句，先行詞是amethod，在定語從句中作主語，故填that/which?！?2題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：例如，一個緩慢閃耀的燈光表示汽車要停了?？涨暗膖o是介詞，接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。空后的stop用作名詞，本句意為燈光緩慢地閃耀一次表示汽車要停止一次，stop是抽象名詞詳細化，且首字母不是元音，故填a?！?3題詳解】考查不定式。句意：為了在真實的道路上測試這種方法，該團隊設(shè)計了一種看起來像汽車座椅的特殊服裝。分析句意可知，該團隊設(shè)計特殊服裝的目的是為了在真實的道路上測試這種方法，所以，設(shè)空處需填入動詞不定式形式表示目的。故填Totest?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：該團隊勝利收集了超過1500小時的數(shù)據(jù)，記錄了人們?nèi)绾闻c一輛“無人駕駛”汽車互動。分析句子成分可知，該句的謂語動詞是collected，設(shè)空處需填入副詞形式修飾動詞，故填successfully?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：福特表示，它安排與其他11家汽車制造商共享這些數(shù)據(jù)，從而為每輛無人駕駛汽車供應一個信號系統(tǒng)。固定短語sharesth.withsb.與某人共享某物。故填with。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié):應用文寫作(滿分15分)46.假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國筆友Mary剛剛轉(zhuǎn)學，感到一切都很生疏。她在郵件中向你詢問如何盡快融入新環(huán)境，請你依據(jù)以下信息回信。1.多跟同學溝通溝通；2.主動參與學?；顒樱?.向老師尋求幫助;留意:1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3.開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearChris，Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMary,Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.Suchproblemsarequitenormal.Perhapsthefollowingsuggestionsmaybehelpful.First,communicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossibleandyouwillgettoknoweachotherbetter.Second,itisagoodideatoinvolveyourselfinmoreschoolactivities.Lastly,consideraskingyourteachersforhelp,whocanusuallyofferyousomesensiblesuggestions.Isincerelyhopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.IfthereisanythingmoreIcandotohelp,pleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生給英國筆友Mary寫回信，就如何盡快融入新環(huán)境給出建議。【詳解】第一步：審題體裁：應用文時態(tài)：依據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時,少量一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式第一段寫對方來信反應的問題；其次段給出詳細建議；第三段祝對方盡快適應新環(huán)境。要求：1.多跟同學溝通溝通；2.主動參與學?；顒?；3.向老師尋求幫助。其次步:列提綱（重點詞組）besorrytohearthat,havetroubledoingsth.fitin,communicatewith,asmuchaspossible,involveoneselfinsth.,schoolactivities,asksb.forhelp,offersb.sth.,sensiblesuggestions,beofsomehelptosb.第三步：連詞成句Iamsorrytohearthatyouarehavingtroublefittinginatyournewschool.Youshouldcommunicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossible.Itisagoodideatoinvolveyourselfinmoreschoolactivities.Youcanconsideraskingyourteachersforhelp.Yourteacherscanusuallyofferyousomesensiblesuggestions.Ihopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.依據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，留意主謂一樣和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇（連接詞）1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)依次：First,Second,Lastly2.并列補充關(guān)系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore（供參考）3.表轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系：However,Onthecontrary,but（供參考）連句成文，留意運用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的連接與過渡，確保句式多樣性及行文流暢。[高分句型1]First,communicatewithyourclassmatesasmuchaspossibleandyouwillgettoknoweachot