河北省張家口市宣化一中2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期末考試試題

PAGEPAGE24河北省張家口市宣化一中2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期末考試試題一、單選題（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）One's_______ofliteraturelargelydependsonone'slevelofart.????????（）A.assumption B.application C.appreciation D.advocationTony,Ihavebeenoutofjobformonthsandfeelboredandblue.

Well,youmaycometohelpmeinthecompany；_______，youmaytrysomevoluntarywork.?????（）A.eventually B.alternatively C.primitively D.additionallyIt'samazingthatyouroldcar,sobrokenandshabby,shouldhave_______40，000yuan.（）A.fetched B.ensured C.obtained D.guaranteedBetty,canyoumakemeacupofcoffee？

OK，butoursugarhasrunout.Youhaveto_______?．（）A.doout B.dowithout C.doup D.doawayMarioGomez,the33-yearGermanforward,announcedhisdecisiontodropoutofthenationalteam_______youngerplayers.?????????????（）A.inneedof B.inpraiseof C.inplaceof D.infavorof二、選詞填空-句子（本大題共5小題，共5.0分）Withhislessons______（finish）fortheday,theboysankbackinthechairwithrelief.Theoldlady,______（fail）thedrivingtestthreetimes,finallyquitthetrainingcourse.Bruceisadoredbyhisteachers,forheisalwaysthefirst______（hand）inhishomework.Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,we______（know）nothingaboutthisperiodofhistorynow.Itismosturgentthatfoodandclothing______（deliver）tothevictimsoftheearthquake.三、閱讀理解（本大題共10小題，共25.0分）AFOUROFTHEWORLD'SHAPPIESTCITIESDanBuettnersetouttofindthehappiestplacesonearth,andhethinkshe'sdiscoveredfouronfourdifferentcontinents.Ifyou'relookingforacheerydestinationforyournextvacation,considerthesefourspots.

SingaporeBeingoneofthemostcrowdedcitiesintheworldandcitizensknownforbeingworkaholics,it'shardtoimagineSingaporehavingoneofthehappiestpopulationsonearth.Andyetinarecentsurvey,95%ofthemsaidtheywereveryhappy.Theygivetheircityhighmarksforcleanlinessandsafety-subwaysareneatandunfailinglyarriveontime,andpoliceareseenashelpfulandgoodattheirjobs.What'smore,theyfeeltheycancountontheirneighbors.

?rhus,DenmarkTheresidentsof?rhuscheerfullypay68%oftheirincomeintaxes,knowingthatinreturntheywillbeguaranteedfreehealthcare,freedaycare,andatopeducationfortheirchildren.Acityof300??????????????????????????，000withanexcitingculturalscene,thesenseofcommunityandequality,aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,make?rhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.

SanLuisObispo,CAPeopleofSanLuisObispoaremorelikelythanresidentsofotherU????????????．S．citiestosmileandexperiencejoyandarelesslikelytoexperiencepainordepression.Some64??????????????，000ofthe260?，000peoplevolunteeratover11???，000non-profitorganizations."Quickaccessmakesiteasytobeinvolved,"residentPierreRademakertoldBuettner.

Monterrey,MexicoUnlikeSanLuisObispans,thepeopleofMonterreydon'tenjoyhighhousehold??????????（家庭）incomesoraccesstogoodhealthcare.Instead,withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes."Welaughatsickness,povertyandevendeath,"saysBasanez."Weevenhaveaholidaytocelebratedeath.November2??????????????????????????????????，theDayoftheDead,isoneofthebiggestholidaysoftheyear."Whenyouwanttogetclosetonatureoutsidethecity,whichoneisyourbestchoice???????????????？______A.Singapore B.?rhus

C.SanLuisObispo D.MonterreyIfyougosightinginMonterrey,youmaybeimpressedthatpeople______．A.therearehardworking

B.thereneversavemoney

C.arehappybecauseothersdie

D.areoptimisticevenindifficultyInwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?????????？______A.Nature B.Entertainment C.Travel D.EducationBRichardHolmes,aBritishauthorandacademic,issomethingofaRomantic,famousforbiographiesofPercyByssheShelleyandSamuelTaylorColeridge.Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"?????????????????????????，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheircommoncommitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"???????????????，hecombinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists????????????（氣球飛行者）．

MrHolmes'sloveofballoonswasarousedatavillagefestivalandhisenthusiasmisoneofthebook'smanypleasures.Hereferstothecheerfultoneusedinmanyfirst-handballooningstories,andappliesitinthissecond-handaccount.Hedescribesmenandwomenwrappedupinfurcoatsundertheirhydrogen-filledballoons,enjoyingcoldchickenandchampagneandlookingbacktoearthtoseemankind"forwhatitreallyis."

MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.IntheAmericancivilwar,forexample,bothNorthandSouthputobserversinballoonstospyonenemymovements.AndduringthePrussianattackonParisin1870-71??????????????????????????????????????????????，balloonistsmanagedtoflyoutofthecitytocommunicatewiththeFrenchgovernmentinexile???????????????（流亡）inTours.

"FallingUpwards"containsmuchofthehistorian'swritingcharacteristics,suchasfootnotesandbibliography????????????（文獻書目），butitsepilogue??（后記）refersmodestlytowhathasgonebeforeas"aseriesoftrueballoonstories"????????????．Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.MrHolmes'staleendsatthestartofthe20thcenturywhenthebusinessofflightwasbeinghandedovertotheairshipandtheairplane.Inhisbook"FallingUpwards"???，RichardHolmes______．A.usesthesimilarwritingstyleof"TheAgeofWonder"

B.describeshowpeoplecelebratedavillagefestival

C.givesfirst-handaccountsofEurope'searlyballoonists

D.discussesballoonsusedinwarinaserioustoneThehighlightofFallingUpwardsliesin______．A.itsvividdescriptionsofballoonists'life

B.itsanalysesoftheserioususesofballoons

C.itsreferencetomanyhistoricalresources

D.itsresearchontheballooningtechnologyWhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean??????？______A.FallingUpwardsisaninspiringbookbutitspriceisalittlehigh.

B.Tocompletethebook,HolmesreceivedMontgolfierbrothers'financialaid.

C.Itisapitythatthebookdoesn'tintroduceMontgolfierbrothersindetail.

D.Itactuallydidn'ttakeHolmesmuchworktowritesuchagoodbook.CChinastilldumpsmostofthegarbageitgeneratesinlandfills,whichcouldpollutesoil,waterandair.Today,ChinaisfacingaproblemsimilartotheoneJapanfacedinthe1970s,especiallyinitscoastalcitieswhichhavearelativelyhigheconomicgrowthrateandalargepopulationbutcomparativelylimitedlandspace,resultinginseriousenvironmentalpollution.

Chinahasjuststarteditsgarbagesortingjourney,anditwilltaketimeforthepeopletomakeitahabitofsortinggarbageatsource.

ShanghaiisamongChina'sfirstcitiestointroducegarbageclassificationandalsothecountry'smostseriousinitsperforming.SinceJuly1????????????????????，2024，Shanghairesidentshavebeenrequiredbylawtosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories,ortheycouldfacefines.Individuals,includingtourists,canbefinedupto200yuanforfailingtosorttheirwasteproperly,whilecompaniesandinstitutionscanbefinedupto50?????????????????????????????????????，000yuan.

Thecitygovernmenthassetuponlineappstohandlesortingquestions,andannouncedguidelinestoaddressthe"one-size-fits-all"method.Thecountryisabouttoinvestover21millionyuanintheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilitiestomeetdemands.

FollowingShanghai,Beijingisalsopushingaheadwithgarbagesortinglegislation??????????（立法）inthecontinualnationalactiontogetallofChinasortinggarbage.Notforcedyet,theChinesecapitalisalreadycarryingoutgarbagesortinginmorethan200residentialcommunitiesandit'stryingtogetmoreresidentsonboardbymakingthesystemsmarter.Nowit'sintroducingartificialintelligenceintoitswastemanagementsystem,bysettinguplittlecamerasinmanysetsofbins.

However,noteveryfacecanberecognizedbythesmartdustbinuntilyouregister?????????????（注冊）forthesystem.Onceregistrationiscomplete,userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal??????????????????????（處理）．Now,eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.Here,theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.

Chinawelcomestheageofcompulsorygarbagesortingwithitscitiesrevisinglawsongarbageclassification.ForShanghai,sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedtoimplementgarbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,and90percentby2024????????．Garbagesortingis,withoutdoubt,acostlybutworthwhilecommitment.Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.Whatisthecorrectorderinusingsmartgarbagesortingsystem??????????？______

①Gainrewards

②Openupthebin

③Registerforthesystem

④ScanaQRcodeonthebinA.④②③① B.③④②① C.②④③① D.④③②①Whatdoestheunderlinedword"implement"inthelastparagraphmean????????？______A.engage B.enforce C.emphasize D.encourageWhatcanbeinferredfromthetext??????？______A.Iftouristsforgettosorttheirwasteproperly,theywillbefined200yuan.

B.ResidentsinBeijinghavetosortgarbageintofourdifferentcategories.

C.Theintelligentgarbagebinscanonlyshowgarbageweight.

D.Garbagesortingcanalsobecomeaprofitablebusinessinfuture.Whydoesourcountrypushaheadwithcompulsorygarbagesorting?????????？______A.Topromoteeco-friendlylifestyle.

B.Tobuildagarbagesortingsystem.

C.Toincreasetheuseofartificialintelligence.

D.Tosupporttheconstructionofgarbageprocessingfacilities.四、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）GoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign????？Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.(1)Therearefourasfollows.

Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.(2)Designshouldavoidunnecessarydecorations.

?(3)TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultissoullessdesign.Post-Modernistdesignersbegantoexperimentwithdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchenappliancesuchasovensandkettles.

Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.(4)Forexample,thinkofanadjustabledesklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedstodirectlightwhereitisneeded.

Formfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.

?(5)Theseareasimportantasrational?????（理性的）．Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasilysqueeze????????????????（擠）thetoothpasteontoourbrush.A．Beautyisajoyforever.

B．Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.

C．Andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.

D．Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatisintended.

E．Moreisnotabore.

F．Accordingtohim,passionandcommitmentaretwoelementsessentialtoasuccessfuldesigner.

G．Hebelievesdesignmusttakeintoaccountthesensorysideofournature-sight,smell,touchandtaste.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G五、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）Afieldofflowersopensmyeyestotheworldofthepossible.Itwasacold,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodrive(26)thewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn'shousethroughfogthat(27)likeveils?（面紗）．Butshehad(28)thatIcometoseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.

AssoonasIarrived,mydaughter(29)drovemethereevenbeforethefoglifted.Afterweturnedacornerandstopped-andIgasped???????????????（吸氣）in(30)．Onthesideofthemountain,forseveralacresacrossvalleys,(31)riversofdaffodils??（水仙花）infullbloom.Sheetsofcolors-fromthepalestwhitetothedeepestyellow-shinedlikea(32)beforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedover?????????（傾倒）and(33)golddownthemountainside.

Questions(34)mymind.Who(35)suchbeauty?？Why？How？

Asweapproachedthehousethatstoodinthecenterofthe(36)，wesawasignthat(37)："AnswerstotheQuestionsIKnowYouAreAsking."Thefirstanswerwas???????????："OneWoman-TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain."Thesecondwas????????："One(38)．"Thethird?："(39)in（1958）．"

Aswedrovehome,Iwasso(40)bywhatwehadseenthatIcould(41)speak."Shechangedtheworld,"Ifinallysaid,"onebulb??????（球莖）eachtime.Shestartedalmost60yearsago,butshe(42)it.""Imagine,"Isaid,"ifI'dhadanideaand(43)it,alittlebiteveryday,whatmightIhave(44)？"

Carolynlookedatme,smiling."Starttomorrow,"shesaid.

"Better(45)，starttoday,"Ireplied.

A.beyond B.up C.across D.through

A.varied B.lifted C.hung D.rolled

A.insisted B.ensured C.hoped D.noted

A.effortlessly B.positively C.completely D.eagerly

A.amusement B.relief

C.disappointment D.amazement

A.lay B.expanded C.stood D.wandered

A.star B.bonfire C.carpet D.scene

A.sought B.poured C.knocked D.buried

A.appeared B.filled C.flashed D.sprang

A.discovered B.predicted C.created D.hid

A.plain B.property C.shelter D.fog

A.read B.signaled C.printed D.indicated

A.atatime B.atnotime C.atonetime D.innotime

A.Founded B.Started C.Attained D.Designed

A.confused B.amused C.entertained D.moved

A.hardly B.occasionally C.simply D.initially

A.stuckto B.contributedto

C.tookto D.turnedto

A.pushedfor B.wentthrough C.tookon D.workedat

A.advocated B.accomplished C.expected D.promoted

A.ever B.never C.yet D.regardless六、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）TerryMcLaughlinisoneoftheathletictrainersforBrynMawrCollege'ssportsteams,andhisjobisbynomeanssimple.

"FromMondaytoSaturday,I(1)（start）workateleveno'clockinthemorningbyhandlingsomepaperwork,suchasathletes'injuryreports,"saidMcLaughlin.Then,intheearlyafternoons,athletesfromdifferentteamswalkinandoutofhisofficeforvariousreasons.Somearehurtbecauseofoveruseinjuries????????????????????????????????????；(2)havetwistedanklesorotherminorinjuriesthatneedtobebandaged.

"Ataroundsix,whenathletesfinishtheirtrainingpractice,Iofferthemicepackstohelpthemrelaxtheirmuscles,"saidMcLaughlin.Thisisusuallythepeakhouroftheathletictrainer'sday,(3)willnotenduntilsevenatnight.Hisjobrequireshimtobehardworkingandflexible.

Asoneofonlytwoexpertsonsportsmedicineoncampus,McLaughlinhasacquiredknowledgeandexperienceinsports,(4)（range）fromsoccerandbadmintontoswimmingandrowing.Eventhoughtoughdecisionshavetobemadeand(5)maybehardtoidentifytherootsofathletesinjuries,McLaughlinloveshisjob(6)（enthusiastic）．

"Wetryourbesttohelptheathletes.Thisis(7)wedo,"hesaid."Asanathletictrainer,youhavetobeespeciallyattentiveand(8)（patience）whenyouarelisteningtotheinjuredathletes.Comfortingwordscomeinhandyforthepatients."

Ontopofhistightdailyschedule,McLaughlinoftengoesextramilestohelpathletes."Iwouldeventravelwiththeteamstovarious(9)（compete）everyyear.Thepersonalconnections(10)（develop）withcoachesandathletesarewhatIhavedeeplytreasured,"hesaid."Themostrewardingpartofmyjobistoseeinjuredathletesreturntotheirsports,achievetheirpersonalbestsandwin."七、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共30.0分）假設(shè)你是李華，你校講舉辦校內(nèi)藝術(shù)節(jié)．請寫封郵件邀請外籍老師Chris做一個關(guān)于單口喜?。╯tand-upcomedy?）的講座．內(nèi)容包括：

（1）講座的時間和地點；

（2）講座的主要內(nèi)容．

留意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右；

（2）可適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

（3）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)．

DearChris,

Howiseverythinggoing？___________________________________．

Thankyouforyourtime.

Yours,

LiHua閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要．

Peoplehaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithfailure.Whilethebasicideaoflearningfromfailureissupportedbyevidence,mostpeoplefearitfortheirkids.Noparentwantstoseetheirchildrenfail.Failinghurts.ItishardtoseeyourdaughterpourherheartintostudyingforaMathtest,onlytogetaC???????????????????????????????????????????????????．Youwantyourchildrentosucceed,butmostofallyoudon'twanttoseethemsuffer.

Theworldoftenseeschildrenasareflectionoftheirparents.Thecommonbeliefisthatwhenyourteenfails,itreflectspoorlyonyou.Noonewantstobejudged.Asaresult,parentsslowlytakeovertheresponsibilityof"managing"academics,athleticsandrelationshipstopreventfailureandpain.

Butfailureisapartofgrowing.Eventhoughyouhavethebestintentions,youhavetoletyourkidsfail.Teachingyourchildrenaboutfailurechangesyourrelationshipfroma"Responsiblefor"mindset?????????????????????????????（心態(tài)）tooneof"Responsibleto."Ratherthanfeelingresponsibleforyourdaughterandheractions,youfeelresponsibletoteachandletherdealwiththesituation.

Feeling"responsiblefor"children'sactionscanleadtoparentsovercompensating（過度補償）forrealorpotentialweaknesses.Skillslikeconflictsolution,problem-solvinganddealingwithauthorityfiguresareimportantdevelopmentmarkersforteenagers.Whenparentsovercompensateforchildren'sweaknessestheyrobteensofopportunitiestoimprovedevelopmentalskills.

Feeling"responsibleto"teachandguidechildrenallowsparentstocreatespaceforfailureandchallenges.Teenagerscanthenusethisspacetoperfecttheseimportantdevelopmentalskills.Overtime,theweaknessesbecomestrengths.Whenyourchildrenfail,youdon'thavetoloweryourstandardsforyourkids,butyoumayhavetochangeexpectations.Remember,whenyoufeelresponsibletogiveyourchildrenmorefreedom,itchangeshowyoudealwithfailure.Failurebecomesasteppingstonetosuccessratherthansomethingtobeavoided.2024-2025學年上學期宣化一中高二英語期末試卷答案和解析1.【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞的詞義辨析．依據(jù)句意和備選項可知，運用名詞appreciation,意為觀賞，為不行數(shù)名詞，句意為一個人對文學的鑒賞力取決于他的審美學問水平．而assumption意為揣測；application運用；advocation支持，擁護．

故選：C。

一個人對文學的鑒賞力取決于他的審美學問水平．

本題考查名詞的詞義辨析，考生需在平常擴充自己的詞匯量，結(jié)合句意，做出正確的推斷．

2.【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析．eventually最終；最終；alternatively（引出其次種選擇或可能的建議）要不，或者；primitively最初地；原始地；additionally此外；另外．句意：托尼，我失業(yè)好幾個月了，覺得無聊透頂．好吧，你可以來公司幫我；或者，你可以嘗試一些志愿工作．

故選：B。

托尼，我失業(yè)好幾個月了，覺得無聊透頂．

好吧，你可以來公司幫我；或者，你可以嘗試一些志愿工作．

本題考查副詞詞義辨析．在熟知詞語詞義的基礎(chǔ)上，再聯(lián)系句子的語境和句子所表達的含義，從而選出正確的答案．

3.【答案】A

【解析】答案：A

考查動詞的辨析．fetched售得，賣得（某價）；ensured保證，確保；obtained獲得，贏得；guaranteed保證，擔保．此處對應的主語是car,A項符合題意．

故選：A。

你那輛破破爛爛的舊車竟然能賣到4萬元，真是太奇妙了．

本題考查動詞的辨析．熟記所給動詞的含義及用法，結(jié)合語境給出正確答案．

4.【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語．doout?裝修；裝飾；dowithout?沒有…也行，沒有…而設(shè)法應付過去；doup

?扣好；系好；裝飾，裝扮；doaway?（with）廢除，去掉；弄死．句意：貝蒂，你能給我煮杯咖啡嗎？好吧，但是我們的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

故選：B。

貝蒂，你能給我煮杯咖啡嗎？

好吧，但是我們的糖用完了．你（喝咖啡）只能不加糖了．

本題考查動詞短語．在中學的學習中平常要多積累動詞及動詞固定搭配的用法，考試時只能憑借記憶力來答題，尤其是單項選擇很難推出某個搭配的意思，所以平常的積累記憶是尤其重要的．

5.【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞短語．inneedof??須要；inpraiseof??贊揚…；inplaceof??代替；取代；infavorof??有利于，交付給，以…為受益人；贊同，支持．句意：33歲的德國前鋒馬里奧戈麥斯宣布，他確定退出國家隊，支持年輕球員（的發(fā)展）．

故選：D。

33歲的德國前鋒馬里奧戈麥斯宣布，他確定退出國家隊，支持年輕球員的發(fā)展．

本題考查介詞短語．介詞短語題始終是高考的熱點之一，它留意考查考生結(jié)合語境精確選用詞語的實力，由于英語詞匯豐富，考生駕馭起來有肯定難度，因此平常應留意介詞的積累，理解其含義和用法，再聯(lián)系句子所表述的意思和語境，選出正確答案．

6.【答案】finished

【解析】答案：finished

考查過去分詞．因為在with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)中，所給的動詞finish與其邏輯主語hislessons?是被動關(guān)系，所以應用過去分詞形式，finish的過去分詞是finished,故填finished.

今日的課結(jié)束了，男孩松了一口氣坐回了椅子上．

本題考查單詞填空．首先依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系推斷應用所給詞的何種詞性進行填空，然后用單詞的適當形式填空．

7.【答案】havingfailed

【解析】答案：havingfailed

考查動詞．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所給的詞fail在句中作狀語，因為所給的動詞fail與其邏輯主語Theoldlady??是主動關(guān)系，結(jié)合后面的threetimes,?所以應用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式形式havingfailed,故填havingfailed.

這位老太太三次駕照考試不及格，最終退出了培訓班．

本題考查單詞填空．首先依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系推斷應用所給詞的何種詞性進行填空，然后用單詞的適當形式填空．

8.【答案】tohand

【解析】答案：tohand

考查動詞．依據(jù)空前的序數(shù)詞thefirst可知其后應用動詞不定式作后置定語，所以填tohand,故填tohand.

布魯斯深受老師的寵愛，因為他總是第一個交作業(yè)．

本題考查單詞填空．首先依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系推斷應用所給詞的何種詞性進行填空，然后用單詞的適當形式填空．

9.【答案】wouldknow

【解析】答案：wouldknow

考查虛擬語氣．依據(jù)從句Hadthelibrariannotpreservedthepreciousphotos,???????可知此處是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，主句應用would+動詞原形，所以填wouldknow,故填wouldknow.

假如圖書管理員沒有保存這些寶貴的照片，我們現(xiàn)在對這段歷史一竅不通．

本題考查單詞填空．首先依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系推斷應用所給詞的何種詞性進行填空，然后用單詞的適當形式填空．

10.【答案】（should）bedelivered

【解析】答案：（should）bedelivered

考查動詞．所給的動詞deliver與主語foodandclothing??是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合前面的urgent可知從句應用（should）bedelivered,故填（should）bedelivered.

向地震災民運輸食物和衣服是最緊迫的．

本題考查單詞填空．首先依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和詞與詞之間的搭配關(guān)系推斷應用所給詞的何種詞性進行填空，然后用單詞的適當形式填空．

11.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】C

【解析】1．B．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)其次部分Acityof

300??，000

withanexcitingculturalscene,

thesenseofcommunityandequality,

aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,

make

?rhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.??????????????????????????一個擁有30萬人口的城市，有著令人興奮的文化景觀，社區(qū)意識和同等意識，并且可以輕松到達旁邊的海洋和四周的鄉(xiāng)村，這使奧胡斯看起來更像是一個小鎮(zhèn)．可知，當您想與城市外的大自然親近時，?rhus是您的最佳選擇．故選B．

2．D．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)可最終一部分

Instead,

withtheirfaithinGodandfamily,

theyareabletotoughitoutthroughbadtimes.

"Welaughatsickness,

povertyandevendeath,"

saysBasanez.??????????????????????相反，靠著對上帝和家人的信仰，他們能夠在困難時期艱難應對．巴薩內(nèi)茲說："我們?yōu)榧膊?，貧困甚至死亡而笑?可知，假如您在蒙特雷觀光，你會對人們即使遇到困難，也會感到樂觀印象深刻．故選D．

3．C．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了世界上最華蜜的四個城市的基本狀況．故最可能出現(xiàn)在旅行部分．故選C．

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了世界上最華蜜的四個城市的基本狀況．

考察學生的推理推斷實力和聯(lián)系上下文的的實力，在做推理推斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要依據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理推斷．此類的填空題肯定要聯(lián)系上下文，依據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容加上自己的理解，再作出正確的推斷

14.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】C

【解析】1．A．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)文章第一段Inhislastbook,"TheAgeofWonder"，hewroteaboutscienceandRomanticismandtheircommoncommitmenttodiscovery.Inhisnewbook,"FallingUpwards"，hecombinesthetwoagaintotellthestoriesofEurope'searlyballoonists（氣球飛行者）．在他的最終一本書《奇跡時代》（TheAgeofWonder）中，他描寫了科學和浪漫主義以及他們對發(fā)覺的共同承諾．在他的新書《向上墜落》（Fallingup）中，他將兩者結(jié)合起來再次講解并描述歐洲早期氣球手的故事．可知

理查德福爾摩斯在他的《向上墜落》一書中采納了類似于《奇跡時代》的寫作風格；故選A．

2．B．推理推斷題．依據(jù)文章第三段MrHolmesmakesmuchofthestrangesideofballooning,butthebookisatitsbestwhenexaminingitsmoreseriousapplications.霍姆斯先生對氣球飛行的驚奇一面做了很多描述，但這本書在探討其更為肅穆的應用時處于最佳狀態(tài)．可知《向上墜落》的亮點在于它對氣球的嚴峻用途的分析；故選B．

3．C．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)最終一段

Itdoestouchonthemoretechnicalaspectsofballooning,

andsayslittleabouttheFrenchMontgolfierbrotherswhoarecreditedasitsinventors.

Thatthoughseemsasmallpricetopayforsuchaspiritedwork.它的確觸及了氣球飛行的更多技術(shù)方面，很少提到法國蒙哥菲兄弟，被認為是它的獨創(chuàng)者．盡管為這樣一部精力充足的作品付出的代價似乎很?。芍?/p>

缺憾的是，這本書沒有具體介紹蒙哥菲兄弟；故選C．

本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了很多聞名作家的故事中都有氣球的身影．

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子．解題時，要留意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的詞），選出最符合語境的句子．

17.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】B【小題3】D【小題4】A

【解析】1-4BBDA

1．B．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)第六段"Onceregistrationiscomplete,

userswillscanaQRcodeonthebin,

whichthenopensituptoallowforgarbagedisposal

????????????????????（處理）．

Now,

eachhouseholdgetsonespecialQRcodeforthrowingoutwaste.

Here,

theintelligentbinsdon'tjustcalculategarbageweight,

theyalsohelpresidentsgainrewardsbycollectingpointsthroughthespecialapp.?????????????????????????????注冊完成后，用戶將掃描垃圾桶上的二維碼，然后打開垃圾桶進行垃圾處理．現(xiàn)在，每個家庭都有一個特殊的二維碼來扔垃圾．在這里，智能垃圾桶不僅可以計算垃圾的重量，還可以通過這款特殊的app幫助居民通過積分獲得嘉獎．"．可知運用智能垃圾分類系統(tǒng)的正確依次是：系統(tǒng)注冊、掃描垃圾桶上的二維碼、打開垃圾桶、獲得嘉獎．故選B．

2．B．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)第七段"

ForShanghai,

sixtypercentofthecityisexpectedto

implement

garbagesortingbytheendofthisyear,

and

90

percentby

2024????????在上海，60%的城市預料將在今年年底前實施垃圾分類，到2024年將達到90%"．可知"implement"

意為"執(zhí)行"．故選B．

3．D．推理推斷題．依據(jù)第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.???????????????????????它有利于環(huán)境，對國家的長遠發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，并可能最終成為一個有前途的行業(yè)．"．可知垃圾分類在將來也可以成為一項有利可圖的業(yè)務．故選D．

4．A．推理推斷題．依據(jù)第七段"

Itisgoodfortheenvironmentandessentialforthecountry'slong-termdevelopment,

andmayfinallyturnouttobeapromisingindustryaswell.???????????????????????它有利于環(huán)境，對國家的長遠發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，并可能最終成為一個有前途的行業(yè)．"．可知我國要推行強制垃圾分類是為了提倡環(huán)保生活方式．故選A．

本文是一篇政治經(jīng)濟類閱讀，文章主要介紹了中國仍在傾倒垃圾填埋場產(chǎn)生的大部分垃圾，這些垃圾會污染土壤、水和空氣．今日，中國面臨的問題與上世紀70年頭日本所面臨的問題類似，尤其是沿海城市，經(jīng)濟增長率較高，人口眾多，但土地空間相對有限，造成了嚴峻的環(huán)境污染．

此題主要考查學生的細微環(huán)節(jié)理解和推理推斷實力．做細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題時肯定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確選擇．在做推理推斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要依據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理推斷．

21.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】E【小題4】D【小題5】G

【解析】1-5BCEDG

1．B．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)前文"Overtheyears,

designersandartistshavebeentryingtocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.?????????????????多年來，設(shè)計師和藝術(shù)家始終試圖抓住好的設(shè)計的本質(zhì)．"．可知此處應填"他們發(fā)覺一些諺語可以幫助人們理解好的設(shè)計理念"．故選B．

2．C．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)前文"

InhisModernistview,

beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance.????????在他的現(xiàn)代主義觀點中，美在于簡潔和優(yōu)雅．"．可知此處應填"設(shè)計者的目標是通過最有效的方法來解決問題"．故選C．

3．E．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題．依據(jù)下文"TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,

theresultissoullessdesign???????????????美國誕生的建筑師羅伯特?文丘里（RobertVenturi）總結(jié)說，假如簡潔做得不好，結(jié)果就是沒有靈魂的設(shè)計"．可知此處應填"更多并不令人厭煩"．故選E．

4．D．推理推斷題．依據(jù)前文"

Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct'sfunction,

purpose,

shape,

form,

color,

andsoon??????????勝利的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計要考慮產(chǎn)品的功能、用途、形態(tài)、形態(tài)、顏色等"．可知此處應填"對于用戶來說，最重要的結(jié)果是產(chǎn)品達到了預期的效果"．故選D．

5．G．推理推斷題．依據(jù)下文"Theseareasimportantasrational這些和理性一樣重要"．可知此處應填"他認為設(shè)計必需考慮到我們自然的感官方面--視覺、嗅覺、觸覺和味覺．"．故選G．

本文是一篇說明文，主要講解并描述的是好的設(shè)計應當包括四個黃金定律．

考察學生的細微環(huán)節(jié)理解和推理推斷實力，做細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題時肯定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理推斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要依據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理推斷．

26.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】D【小題5】D【小題6】A【小題7】C【小題8】B【小題9】B【小題10】C【小題11】B【小題12】A【小題13】A【小題14】B【小題15】D【小題16】A【小題17】A【小題18】D【小題19】B【小題20】C

【解析】BCADD；ACBBC；BAABD；AADBC

1．B．考查介詞辨析．A．beyond

超越；B．up

向上；C．a(chǎn)cross

橫穿；D．through通過；那是一個寒冷的雨天，我不想開車沿著蜿蜒的山路，穿過像面紗一樣的霧，到我女兒卡羅琳家去．故選B

2．C．考查動詞辨析．A．varied變更；B．lifted舉起；C．hung懸掛；D．rolled軋制；那是一個寒冷的雨天，我不想開車沿著蜿蜒的山路，穿過像面紗一樣的霧，到我女兒卡羅琳家去．故選C

3．A．考查動詞辨析．A．insisted.堅持；B．ensured

確保；C．hoped

希望；D．noted

留意；但她堅持要我去山頂看些東西．故選A

4．D．考查副詞辨析．A．effortlessly.毫不費勁；B．positively

主動的；C．completely

完全；D．eagerly急迫地；我一到，我女兒就迫不及待地趕我去那兒，甚至在霧還沒散去的時候．故選D

5．D．考查名詞辨析．A．a(chǎn)musement消遣；B．relief救濟；C．disappointment

悲觀；D．a(chǎn)mazement

驚異；我們拐過一個彎停下來，我驚異地喘了口氣．故選D

6．A．考查動詞辨析．A．lay鋪設(shè)；B．expanded

擴展的；C．stood

站著；D．wandered

游蕩；在山的一