甘肅天水市太京中學2025屆高三英語第一學期期末學業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試題含解析

甘肅天水市太京中學2025屆高三英語第一學期期末學業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試題注意事項:1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．答題時請按要求用筆。3．請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4．作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5．保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．_____hishomeworkintime,hehadtostayuplateintothenight.A．Finishing B．Havingfinished C．Tofinish D．Tohavefinished2．Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey__________toourhelp.A．wouldhavecome B．couldcomeC．havecome D．hadcome3．ThoughwintersinBritainarecoldandthereisusuallysnow,thereare________placesforskiing.A．some B．many C．few D．a(chǎn)few4．Thetrafficisheavythesedays.Iarriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?A．canB．mustC．needD．might5．IamabetterreaderthisyearthanIwaslastyearbecauseI________tohundredsofnewconceptsandideas.A．haveexposedB．hadbeenexposedC．havebeenexposedD．wasexposed6．Ihavenodoubtthathewillmakeit,butIwonder_____heisreallyreadyenough.A．what B．whyC．whether D．That7．Justasthefamousman_____it,“Anythingonemancanimagine,othermencanmake____real.”A．says,it B．put,/ C．says,/ D．put,them8．We______becarefulwiththewordswesaywhenweareangry.A．may B．can C．might D．should9．Contrarytopopularbelief,theants,hardworking________theyare,havetheirtimeforplay.A．because B．while C．a(chǎn)s D．where10．—NextweekIwillgotoajobinterview.willyougivemesomesuggestions?—Smilingisagreatwaytomakeyourself________.A．standout B．turnoutC．workout D．pickout11．—Whatdidshewanttoknow,Tom?—ShewonderedwecouldcompletetheexperimentA．whenwasitthatB．itwaswhenthatC．itwaswhenD．whenitwasthat12．—Haveyoufinishedallyourexercises?—Yes,________isleft.Asamatteroffact,theyareaseasyasABC．A．nothing B．notone C．none D．neither13．AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway________totheHomeCircleBuilding.A．easyenough B．enougheasyC．easilyenough D．enougheasily14．Itisunwisetodisturbonewhoisdevotedtohiswork.Just_____.A．facethemusicB．flyoffthehandleC．eatyourwordsD．biteyourtongue15．Ifyougotobuythetopbest-sellingCD,pleaseget______forme.A．one B．itC．this D．that16．Duetolargeinvestmentinhousing,manycitiescan________theflowofnewarrivals,improvingthequalityoftheirlife.A．giverisetoB．makewayforC．takepartinD．keeppacewith17．Therisinghousepriceandthehighincometaxratehavebecomethebiggest______oftheordinarypeopleinChinatoday． A.concern B.influence C.involvement D.occupation18．TherearelotsofexamplesofEnglishidioms________animalsareused.A．which B．whenC．whose D．where19．—Youmeanthepositionisstillvacant?—Yes,butyoumustknowourjobisverydemanding.—_______.A．WithpleasureB．Idon’tmindC．Don’tmentionitD．That’sallright20．—Hemadeanapologybeblamedwhathehaddone.—It'sreallywiseofhim.A．soastonot;ofB．inordertonot;forC．soasnotto;forD．inordernotto;of第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Whenoldpeoplelivewithchildrenandotherrelativestherelationshipisnotalwaysahappyone.Evenoldparentsandadultchildrenwholiveseparatelycanhavedifficulties.Herethegenerationgapbecomesmostvisibleastheneedsandinterestsofthemiddle-agedandolddiverge.Somemiddle-agedchildrenaresoannoyedbythedemandsoftheirparentsthattheymakesuchcommentsas“Whydon’ttheoldfoolsdie?”Althoughsuchuglycommentsexist,asurveyconductedbytheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersonsreflectsapositiveattitudebyAmericanpopulationtowardstheold.Thatsurveyshowedthat69%adultchildrenhaveweeklycontactwiththeirmothersand20%havedailycontactwiththeirmothers.Othersurveyshaveshownthat40%ofadultshaveface-tofacecontactwiththeirparentsonceaweek.The2014NationalSurveyofFamilyandHousehold(NSFH)showedthat78%ofadultsviewtheirrelationshipwiththeirmotherandfatherasexcellent.Only0.03%ofthosesurveyedviewedthatrelationshipas“bad”.Theremainderswereambivalentintheirperceptionoftheirparents.ThisfindingisconfirmedbymucholderstudiesofthesamephenomenonalsoconductedbytheNationalSurveyofFamiliesandHouseholds.Ofthosesurveyed,66%contactedtheirparentsonceaweekormoreandonly10%didnotcontacttheirparentsatall.Inpart,thisisaproductofthedistanceatwhichadultchildrenlivefromtheirparents.The2014surveyshowedthat67%ofadultchildrenlivewithin100milesoftheirparentsandthat38%livewithintenmilesoftheirparents.However,afull20%ofthosesurveyedlive1,000milesormoreawayfromtheirparents.1、Accordingtothepassage,therelationshipbetweenmostAmericanoldpeopleandtheiradultchildrenis______.A．terribleanddistant B．a(chǎn)nnoyinganddifficultC．greatandclose D．neithergoodnorbad2、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“diverge”inparagraph1?A．differ B．meet C．exist D．transfer3、Fromthepassage,welearnthat______.A．generationgapbecomesinvisibleifoldparentsandadultchildrenliveseparatelyB．relationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenhasbecomemuchbetterthanbeforeC．someoldparentswouldratherdiebecausetheirchildrenareannoyedatthemD．livingfarawaymayleadtopeople’slessornocontactwiththeirparents22．（8分）BlackFridayistheFridayfollowingThanksgivingDayintheUnitedStates.Ithasbeenregardedasthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseason.Althoughit’snotanofficialholiday,millionsofemployersgivetheiremployeesthedayoff,andmanypeopleusethatdaytogetajump-startontheirholidayshopping.AsimilardayinCanadaandGreatBritainiscalled“BoxingDay”.BlackFridayhasbecomesomewhatofamarketingsensation(營銷效應)inrecentyears.Since2005,ithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyear.Tolureshoppers,retailers(零售商)routinelyopentheirdoorsasearlyas4a.m.andofferspecialsalesandpromotionstotheshoppersthatarriveearly.Someofthespecialdealsofferedbystoresareonlyavailableinlimitedquantities.Thatiswhysomeshoppersintentongettingthebestdealsoftencampoutinfrontofstoresovernightsothatthey’llbethefirstinlinewhenthedoorsopen.ButwhyBlackFriday?HistoriansbelievethenamestartedinPhiladelphiainthemid-1960s.Busdriversandpoliceused“BlackFriday”todescribetheheavytrafficthatwouldblockcitystreetsthedayafterThanksgivingasshoppersheadedtothestores.Businesses,however,didn’tlikethenegativetoneassociatedwiththe“BlackFriday”name.Intheearly1980s,amorepositiveexplanationofthenamebegantospread.Accordingtothisalternativeexplanation,BlackFridayisthedaywhenretailersfinallybegintoturnaprofitfortheyear.Inaccountingterms(會計行業(yè)),operatingatalossiscalledbeing“inthered”becauseaccountantstraditionallyusedredinktoshownegativeamounts.Positiveamountswereusuallyshowninblackink.Thus,being“intheblack”isagoodthingbecauseitmeansstoresareoperatingataprofit.Recently,forthosewhoaretoobusytoshoponBlackFridayorwhojustdon’twanttofightthecrowds,theMondayfollowingBlackFridayhasbecomeknownasCyberMonday(網(wǎng)絡星期一)forthemanyonlinedeals.1、OnBlackFriday，theAmericans.A．don’thavetogotoworkasusualB．lookexactlyliketheCanadiansC．a(chǎn)reusuallybusydoingshoppingD．stayathomeandrelaxthemselves2、Theunderlinedword“l(fā)ure”(inParagraph2)probablymeans.A．protect B．a(chǎn)ttractC．persuade D．remind3、HowdotheretailersunderstandBlackFriday?A．ItistotallydifferentfromBoxingDay.B．Theyusuallylosesomemoneyontheday.C．Itneverkeepsthemverybusy.D．Itprobablybringsthemmoremoney.4、Theauthorwritesthispassageinorderto.A．statethedevelopmentofCyberMondayB．tellthedifferencebetweenredandblackC．introduceBlackFridaytothereadersD．explainthemeaningofBoxingDay23．（8分）Foraslongastherehavebeengifts,wenaturallymakechoicesbasedontherecipient(接受者).Butwhatifwehavebeenwrongallalongandthatwecouldturnthingsaround,whichnotonlymadegiftbuyingeasier,buttherecipienthappier?In2015,psychologistsLaurenHumanandLaraAkninconductedanonlinesurvey,whichsuggestedthatwhenpeoplebuygifts,theyprefertochoosesomethingbasedontherecipient’spersonalityandtastes.Mostpeoplealsosaidthattheypreferredreceivinggiftsboughtwiththeminmind:giftsforthem.ButHumanandAkninwonderedifthisapproachtogivingfailedtotakeadvantageofthewayweconnectaspeople.Sotheysent78volunteersintoashoppingcentrebeforeMother’sDay.Halfweretoldtobuyacardthat“reveals(揭示)yourknowledgeoftherecipient”whiletheotherssetouttobuyacardthat“revealsyourtrueself”.Afterthepurchase,thegiverswhohadthoughtpartlyofthemselvesreportedfeelingemotionallyclosertotheirmothers.Tofindouthowthatapproachgoesdownwithrecipients,thepsychologistsdidanothertest,askingmorethan100studentstochooseasongoniTunestogivetoafriend,partnerorfamilymember.Eachhalfofthegroupreceivedthesameinstructionsasthecardbuyers.Resultsrevealedthatrecipientsofsongsthatrevealedsomethingofthegiversfeltclosertothemthanthosewhoreceivedgiftsboughtonlywiththeminmind.HumanandAkninsuggestitmightapplytoallgifts.“Ifbuildingstrongersocialconnectionsistheunderlying(潛在的)goal”ofagiftandsurelyitshouldbe—thenwe“maywellbeadvisedtooffermoreself-reflectivegifts”.Inshort,forapresenttobemeaningful,youneedtogiveawayabitofyourself,evenifthereisariskthatthegiftmightnotsocloselysuittherecipient’spracticalneedsortastesasoneacquiredpurelywiththatinmind.Moreover,givingsomethingofoneselfcanbeasaferact,thepsychologistsadded.Becauseitreducestheriskofrevealingpoorknowledgeofarecipientbyattemptingtobuysomethingthatfitstheircharacter—andfailing.Butanoteofcautionhere:whattheresearchdoesnotexamineisthepotentialriskinrepeated,unsympatheticgiver-centeredgiving,which,accordingtoHumanandAknin“couldsignalself-obsession”—andnobodywantstorevealthataboutthemselves.1、FromtheMother’sDaycardtest,wecanconcludethat________.A．giftschosenwiththegiverinmindworkwellonthegiverB．mostpeoplechoosegiftswiththerecipientinmindC．mostpeoplechoosegiftsbasedontheirpersonaltastesD．giftschosenwiththegiverinmindworkwellontherecipient2、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“them,them”refertoinorderofappearance?A．Therecipients;thegivers. B．Thegivers;therecipients.C．Thegivers;thegivers. D．Therecipients;therecipients.3、Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthesignificanceofgiftgiving?A．Makingthegiver’slifehappier.B．Showingone’sknowledgeoftherecipient.C．Establishingandstrengtheningsocialconnections.D．Meetingtherecipient’spracticalneeds.4、WhichofthefollowingisHumanandAknin’sadviceongiftgiving?A．Choosegiftsthatreflectmoreofyourself.B．Justfocusonyourowntasteswhenchoosinggifts.C．Buysomethingthatfitstherecipient’scharactermost.D．Becarefulnottosignalyourtruepersonality.5、Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．Thetraditionofgiftgiving. B．Thepurposeofgiftgiving.C．Theeffectofgiftgiving. D．Thepsychologyofgiftgiving.24．（8分）Alargebodyofresearchhasbeendevelopedinrecentyearstoexplainmanyaspectsofwillpower.Mostoftheresearchersexploringself-controldosowithanobviousgoalinmind:Howcanwillpowerbestrengthened?Ifwillpoweristrulyalimitedresource,astheresearchsuggests,whatcanbedonetomakeitstaystrong?Avoidingtemptation(誘惑)isaneffectivemethodformaintainingself-control,whichiscalledthe“outofsight,outofmind”principle.Onerecentstudy,forinstance,foundofficeworkerslessattractedtocandyinthedeskdrawerthanthatontopoftheirdesks,inplainsight.Theresearchsuggestingthatwepossessalimitedreservoirofself-controlraisesatroublingquestion.Whenwefacetoomanytemptations,arewetofail?Notnecessarily.Researchersdon’tbelievethatone’swillpowerisevercompletelyexhausted.Rather,peopleappeartoholdsomewillpowerinreserve,savedforfuturedemands.Therightmotivationallowsustotapintothosereserves,allowingustocarryonevenwhenourself-controlstrengthhasbeenrundown.Highmotivationmighthelpovercomeweakenedwillpower-atleasttoapoint.Willpowermayalsobemadelessvulnerable（脆弱）tobeingexhaustedinthefirstplace.Researcherswhostudyself-controloftendescribeitasbeinglikeamusclethatgetstiredwithheavyuse.Butthereisanotheraspecttothemusclecomparison,theysay.Whilemusclesbecomeexhaustedbyexerciseintheshortterm,theyarestrengthenedbyregularexerciseinthelongterm.Similarly,regularpracticesofself-controlmayimprovewillpowerstrength.Theevidencefromwillpower-exhaustionstudiesalsosuggeststhatmakingalistofresolutionsonNewYear’sEveistheworstpossibleapproach.Beingexhaustedinoneareacanreducewillpowerinotherareas,soitmakesmoresensetofocusonasinglegoalatatime.Inotherwords,don’ttrytoquitsmoking,adoptahealthydietandstartanewexerciseplanatthesametime.Takinggoalsonebyoneisabetterapproach.Onceagoodhabitisinplace,Baumeistersays,you’llnolongerneedtodrawonyourwillpowertomaintainthebehavior.Eventuallyhealthyhabitswillbecomeroutine,andwon’trequiremakingdecisionsatall.1、Fromthestudiesinthepassagewelearnthat.A．peoplehaveunlimitedself-controlB．highmotivationensuresone’ssuccessC．willpowerishardlycompletelyexhaustedD．toomanytemptationsoftenleadtofailure2、Theunderlinedphrase“tapinto”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.A．makeuseof B．runoutofC．build D．increase3、Theauthorcomparesself–controltomuscles.A．toprovethelong-termeffectofwillpowerB．toshowthesignificanceofregularexerciseC．toarguethatself-controlcanheeasilyusedupD．toexplainthebenefitsofpracticingself-control4、Todevelopagoodhabit,whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprefer?A．“Iwillgiveupdessertanddoexercise.”B．“Iwillsetthreegoalsthisnewsemester.”C．“IwillreadanEnglishnoveleverymonth.”D．“Iwillkeepmyselffromanytemptation.”25．（10分）Longbeforetheycanactuallyspeak,babiespayspecialattentiontothespeechtheyheararoundthem.Withinthefirstmonthoftheirlives,babies’responsestothesoundofthehumanvoicewillbedifferentfromtheirresponsestoothersortsofhearingstimulation.Theywillstopcryingwhentheyhearapersontalking,butnotiftheyhearabellorthesoundofarattle.Atfirst,thesoundsthatababynoticesmightbeonlythosewordsthatreceivetheheaviestemphasisandthatoftenoccurattheendsofutterances(講話，說話).Bythetimetheyaresixorsevenweeksold,babiescandetectthedifferencebetweensyllablespronouncedwithrisingandfallingtones.Verysoon,thesedifferencesinadultstressandintonationcaninfluencebabies’emotionalstatesandbehavior.Longbeforetheydevelopactuallanguagecomprehension,babiescansensewhenanadultishappyorangry,attemptingtobeginorendnewbehavior,andsoon,merelyonthebasisofcluessuchastherate,volume,andmelodyofadultspeech.Adultsmakeitaseasyastheycanforbabiestopickupalanguagebyexaggerating(夸張)suchclues.Oneresearcherobservedbabiesandtheirmothersinsixdiverseculturesandfoundthat,inallsixlanguages,themothersusedsimplifiedutterancesandnonsensesounds,andtransformedcertainsoundsintobabytalk.Otherresearchershavenotedthatwhenmotherstalktobabieswhoareonlyafewmonthsold,theyexaggeratethepitch,loudness,andintensityoftheirwords.Theyalsoexaggeratetheirfacialexpressions,holdvowels(元音)longer,andemphasizecertainwords.Moresignificantforlanguagedevelopmentthantheirresponsetogeneralintonationisobservationthattinybabiescanmakerelativelyfinedistinctionsbetweenspeechsounds.Inotherwords,babiesentertheworldwiththeabilitytomakethosepreciselyperceptual（知覺的，感性的）recognitionthatarenecessaryiftheyaretoacquirelisteninglanguage.Babiesobviouslyobtainpleasurefromsoundinput,too:evenasyoungasninemonthstheywilllistentosongsorstories,althoughthewordsthemselvesarebeyondtheirunderstanding.Forbabies,languageisasensory-motordelightratherthantheroutetoboringmeaningthatitoftenisforadults.1、Theauthormentionssyllableswithrisingandfallingtonesto.A．showhowdifficultitisforbabiestointerpretemotionsB．provideanexampleofwaysadultsspeaktobabiesC．giveareasonforbabies’difficultyintellingoneadultfromanotherD．showasix-week-oldbabycanalreadytellsomelanguagedifferences2、WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsdescribedinParagraph2?A．Mothersfromdifferentculturesspeaktotheirbabiesinsimilarways.B．Babiesignorefacialexpressionsinunderstandinglisteninglanguage.C．Themotherswereunconsciouslyteachingtheirbabiestospeak.D．Mothersonlyexaggeratetheirtoneswhentalkingtobabies.3、Whydobabieslistentosongsandstories,eveniftheycan’tunderstand?A．Theyunderstandtherhythm.B．Theyenjoythesound.C．Theycanrememberthemeasily.D．Theyfocusonthemeaning.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Babiescandetectsoundsotherthanthehumanvoice.B．Babies’waystolearnalanguagedifferfromadults’.C．Babiescanrespondtothespeechbeforetheycanspeak.D．Babiescantellthesoundofthehumanvoicefromothersounds.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）AnoldgrandpaasordinaryasFatherBrownwillneverattractpeople'sattentionandinterestineverydaylife.Whocanimaginethatunderhis1appearanceliesgreatwisdomandtalentforsolving2？FatherBrownisaCatholicpriestfromEngland.Heis3andfat,hasaroundanddullface,andeyesasemptyastheNorthSea.Healwayswears4clothesandcarriesalargeumbrella.5thismanunderstandspeoplewell.Whenhe6acase,heuseshisinsightintohumannaturetoputhimselfinthe7shoesandthenfindtherealcriminal."Ihad8themallmyself...Ihadplannedouteachofthecrimesvery9...AndwhenIfeltexactlylikehimmyself,ofcourseIknewwhohewas!”10Holmes,FatherBrownfocusesmoreon11andpsychologicaltruthsratherthanscientificdetails.Onceheisthinkingabout12themurdererwouldhidethebody,hethinkslikethis:ifa13personwantstohidealeaf,whereshouldtheyhideit?Inthe14!Ifthereisn’t,hewould15one.That'showhesolvedacaseinwhichageneralsends800soldierstofightinawarjustto16themurderofonesoldier.AlthoughFatherBrownhasasharpsenseforcrimes,healsohasa17heartforcriminals.Manytimeshedoesn’tsendcriminalstocourt,butgetsthemto18theirfaultsandtobeginanewlife.Asa19,FatherBrownshowsgreatloveand20.Maybeheisnottheretojudge,buttosavesouls.1、A．handsome B．ugly C．plain D．outstanding2、A．crimes B．problems C．puzzles D．riddles3、A．strong B．tall C．short D．healthy4、A．well-ironed B．shapeless C．trendy D．stylish5、A．So B．And C．But D．Or6、A．getsthrough B．looksinto C．searchesfor D．listensto7、A．judge’s B．God’s C．victim’s D．murderer’s8、A．hidden B．saved C．helped D．killed9、A．carefully B．nervously C．hurriedly D．casually10、A．As B．Unlike C．Like D．Despite11、A．spiritual B．a(chǎn)ccurate C．external D．fantasy12、A．how B．why C．when D．where13、A．cruel B．loyal C．smart D．calm14、A．desert B．forest C．ocean D．mountain15、A．find B．imagine C．make D．draw16、A．checkinto B．coverup C．searchinto D．fightfor17、A．soft B．warm C．brave D．normal18、A．a(chǎn)dmit B．realize C．find D．correct19、A．judge B．policeman C．murderer D．priest20、A．courage B．forgiveness C．perseverance D．enthusiasm第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）WhentheSpanishexplorerCortezreachedMexicointhesixteenthcentury,hefoundpeoplethereusingadrink1．wascalledchocolate.Ittastedquitestrongbecauseithadpepperinit.2．(make)ittastebetter,theSpanishaddedsugar.WhenchocolatefirstcametoEuropeintheseventeenthcentury,people3．(start)todrinkitwithmilk,insteadofwater.Nowadays,tonsofchocolate4．(deliver)tofactories,wheretheyareturnedintomanypopularsweetsandcakes.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Westernpeopleoftensay“Excuseme”、InChina,“Excusesme”isonlyusedapologizewhenapersonhasdonesomethingwrongandhashurtsomeoneelse、Westernpeoplesayitwhentheywanttopassinthefrontofsomeone,orwhentheyfindhimselflateforanappointment、Evenathomethehusbandwillthankthewifeunlessshegiveshimaglassofwater、“Thankyou”meanyouappreciatewhatsomeonehasdoneforyou,nomatterhowsmalleritis、“Excuseme”and“Thankyou”arethemostordinarywordWesternpeopleuseeveryday、Theycouldhelppeoplegetalongwellt