大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀3-U3-why-i-teach-課件

UnitThree

WhyITeachPeterG.Beidler

1ppt課件BackgroundInformationRalphWaldoEmersonAmericanphilosopherandwriter(1830-1882)RalphWaldoEmersonwasaleaderofthephilosophicalmovementoftranscendentalism(先驗(yàn)說(shuō),超越論).HisessayshadastronginfluenceonbothAmericanandEuropeanreadersandwritersintheirstudyofman’srelationtolife.Inaspeechentitled“theAmericanScholar,”hecalleduponAmericanstudentsto“KnowThyself”and“StudyNature.”Intheessay“Self-Reliance”hestressestheimportanceofsturdyindependenceinthoughtandaction.2ppt課件BackgroundInformation

HenryDavidThoreau

Americanwriter,philosopher,andnaturalist(1817-1862)BorninConcord,ThoreauwaseducatedatHarvardUniversity.Inthelate1830sandearly1840s,hetaughtschoolandtutoredinConcordandonStatenIsland,NewYork.AftergraduationfromHarvardUniversityin1837,ThoreaustartedaschoolthatwasperhapsthefirstinAmericatointroducefieldtripsfornaturestudy.In1845hebuiltasmallcabinatWaldenPondwithhisownhandsandlivedthereuntil1847,spending27centsaweekforfoodtosupplementthevegetablesheraised.In1854,hepublishedhismasterpieceWalden

or,LifeintheWoods.InWalden,Thoreaurecordshislifeinthewoodsanddescribesfreshlyandvividlythechangingseasonsandothernaturaleventsandscenesthatheobserved.Thoreauhadkeptajournalsince1837,andthisjournalformedthebasisforseveralbookspublishedafterhisdeath.3ppt課件BackgroundInformationAldousHuxley

Englishnovelist,essayist,critic,andpoet(1893-1963)Inhislaterworksheexpressedconcernthatthepursuitofmaterialpossessionswastakingplaceattheexpenseofindividualfreedomandarespectornature.HesatirizedsuchtrendsinBraveNewWorld(1932),anovelsetinafutureworldwhereindividualityisdeliberatelystifled.InIsland(1962),ontheotherhand,hepresentshisutopia,alibertariancommunitylivingincloseharmonywithitsnaturalenvironment.4ppt課件Warm-UpQuestionWhatdoyouwanttodoaftergraduation?Whatdoyouthinkoftakingteachingasacareer?Doyouthinkthatteachersarehighlyrespectedandvaluedinyoursociety?5ppt課件GlobeReading_2.1PartsParasMainIdeas11~3Introducemyfeelingsduringtheprocessofteaching.24~11TellsomereasonswhyIchooseteachingasmycareer.312~17TellthemostimportantreasonswhyIteach.418~21SumupthebenefitsthatIcanderivefromteaching.PartDivisionoftheText6ppt課件Line.21.Whatdoestheexpression“stepup”mean?“Stepup”means“promotion”,whichcanbringhimmoneyandpower.Forexample,auniversityadministratorearnsmoremoneyandhasmorepowerthananaverageprofessorandmostAmericanswouldbeonlytoopleasedtogeta“stepup”towardsthesegoals.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.所有美國(guó)人受的教育是長(zhǎng)大成人后應(yīng)該追求金錢和權(quán)力，而我卻偏偏不要明明是朝這個(gè)目標(biāo)“邁進(jìn)”的工作，他為之大惑不解。7ppt課件Line.51.Paraphrasethissentence.CertainlyIteachnotbecauseteachingiseasyforme.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.當(dāng)然，我之所以教書(shū)不是因?yàn)槲矣X(jué)得教書(shū)輕松。8ppt課件Line.7Paraphrasethissentence.Teachingisaprofessionthatmakesmyeyesredforlackofsleep,mypalmssweatybecauseofnervousnessandmystomachsinkingbecauseIoftenfeelsodisappointedwithmylectures.9ppt課件Line.11Whatisthegrammaticalfunctionof“convincedthat…usual”inthissentence?Convinced引導(dǎo)的是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。MoreExamples:Thestudentlefttheclassroom,disappointedattheteacher’sdecision.Themothercouldn’teatorsleep,worriedaboutherson’ssafety.

10ppt課件Line.281.Whatdoes“badquestions”referto?Itreferstocarelessquestionsorsimplequestionsthateverystudentcananswerwithoutdifficulty.2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.我們這個(gè)世界有無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的正確答案來(lái)對(duì)付拙劣的問(wèn)題。11ppt課件Line.61Howtounderstand“beingpresentatthecreationwhentheclaybeginstobreathe”?2.Whatcanyouinferfromthissentence?AccordingtotheBible,manwascreatedbyGodoutofclay.WhenGodbreathedthebreathoflifeintotheclay,itbecamealiveandthecreationofmanwascompleted.HeretheauthorcomparesthejobofateachertotheworkofGod.Wecaninferfromthissentencethattheauthorimpliesthattheteacherhelpsthestudenttobecomearealmanorwoman.12ppt課件Line.661.Paraphrasethissentence.Ihavethepowertogivemystudentsagentlepushintherightdirection,toarousetheirinterestandcuriosity,torecommendgoodbooks,topointoutthewaytogreaterachievements.2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.我有權(quán)啟迪，有權(quán)激發(fā)才智，有權(quán)開(kāi)出書(shū)目，有權(quán)指點(diǎn)迷津。13ppt課件Line.72Paraphrasethissentence.Iteachbecause,whenIseethatmystudentsarebeginningtogrowandchangeinfrontofme,Ifromtimetotimefindmyselfgrowingandchangingwiththemtoo,asifnewlifewerebeingbreathedintomybody.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.我教書(shū)，是因?yàn)榕c開(kāi)始成長(zhǎng)的學(xué)生朝夕相處，我有時(shí)感到自己也和他們一起成長(zhǎng)了。14ppt課件outweigh:

v.bemoreimportantorvaluablethansth.ElseThebenefitsofthistreatmentfaroutweighanyrisks.Thisoutweighsallotherconsideration.這一點(diǎn)是首先要考慮的。15ppt課件administrative:adj.oforinvolvingthemanagementofpublicorbusinessaffairsHeholdsanadministrativepostinthecompany.他的職責(zé)主要是行政方面的。Hisdutiesaremainlyadministrative.administrative的動(dòng)詞形式為administer，意思為“管理”。

ThecountrywasadministeredbytheBritishuntilveryrecently.InmanyJapanesehomes,thefundsareadministeredbythewife.16ppt課件administer，manage&execute

這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞均有“管理、支配”之意指官方的或正式的對(duì)事務(wù)的管理。administermanage強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)具體事務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行管理，有時(shí)含受權(quán)管理或處理之意。意為對(duì)命令、計(jì)劃或某一件工作的貫徹、執(zhí)行或?qū)嵤xecuteDirections:Fillintheblankswiththethreewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.

1.Heaskedhisbrothertoexecutehiswill.2.Worldaffairsshouldbemanagedbyallcountriesintheworld.3.TheForeignMinisteradministerforeignaffairs.4.Theplanwasgood,butitwasbadlyexecuted.5.Thehotelisbadlymanaged.17ppt課件puzzle.v.1)confusesomeoneormakethemfeelslightlyanxiousbecausetheydonotunderstandsth.Thefindingsofthesurveypuzzledme.

他不知道下一步該怎么辦（如何回這封信）。Hewaspuzzledwhattodonext/howtoanswertheletter.Theteacherleftthechildrentopuzzletheanswertothequestionoutthemselves.n.agameortoythathasalotofpiecesthatyouhavetofittogether;sth.thatisdifficulttounderstandorexplain

Ajigsawpuzzleisapicturewhichhasbeencutupintobits,andyoumustmakethepictureagain.18ppt課件profession:n.1)ajobthatneedsahighlevelofeducationandtrainingHeisalawyerbyprofession.我不知道我適合什么干職業(yè)。Idon’tknowwhatprofessionwouldsuitme.

2)allthepeoplewhoworkinaparticularprofessionThedoctorisrespectedbyhisprofession.Theteachingprofessionclaimtobebadlypaid.

Collocations:

practiceaprofession

thelegal/medicalprofession

byprofession

從事某職業(yè)法律/醫(yī)療職業(yè)（界）以……為職業(yè)19ppt課件reflection:n.

1)carefulthought,oranideaoropinionbasedonthisAfterreflection,IfeelImakethewrongdecision.Shefailedthistimebecauseshediditwithoutsufficientreflection.2)animagethatyoucanseeinamirror,glass,orwaterWelookedatourreflectionsinthelake.他能夠在光亮的桌面上看見(jiàn)自己的映像。Hecanseehisreflectiononapolishedtable-top.

Collocations:

afterreflectiononreflection

mature/sober/seriousreflection經(jīng)過(guò)考慮之后再三思考成熟/冷靜/認(rèn)真的思考20ppt課件convince:v.makesomeonefeelcertainthatsth.istrue;persuadesb.todosth.Hewasconvincedofhiserror.我們說(shuō)服了安妮放棄乘飛機(jī)而坐火車走。WeconvincedAnnetogobytrainratherthanbyplane.Pattern:beconvincedof(that)

befully(half)convincedconvincesb.of

convinceoneselfof

確信；承認(rèn)完全相信（半信半疑）使某人承認(rèn)；使某人信服充分相信21ppt課件compel:v.forcesomeonetodosth.;makepeoplehaveaparticularfeelingorattitudeHewascompelledbyillnesstosuspendhisexperiment.他們的聰明和技藝博得我們的贊賞。Theirclevernessandskillcompelouradmiration.22ppt課件opportunity:n.achancetodosth.oranoccasionwhenitiseasyforyoudodosth.Ihavebeenofferedajob.It’sagreatopportunity.我沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)和她談這件事。Ihadnoopportunitytodiscussitwithher.

Collocations:

grab/seize/takeanopportunityoffer/missanopportunityanopportunityforgoldenopportunityopportunity,chance&occasion這三個(gè)名詞均含“機(jī)會(huì)”之意。側(cè)重指有利或適合于采取行動(dòng)，以達(dá)到某一目的或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種愿望的最佳時(shí)機(jī)或機(jī)會(huì)。CF:

opportunitychance

側(cè)重指偶然或意外的機(jī)會(huì)，有時(shí)也指正?；蚝玫臋C(jī)會(huì)。occasion指特殊時(shí)機(jī)或良機(jī)，也指時(shí)節(jié)。

抓住/利用機(jī)會(huì)提供/錯(cuò)過(guò)機(jī)會(huì)一個(gè)……的機(jī)會(huì)絕好的機(jī)會(huì)23ppt課件buildon:baseon;useasabaseforfurtherdevelopmentWemustbuildonourreputationtoexpandthebusiness.他們根據(jù)自己的研究作出了這個(gè)結(jié)論。Theydrewtheconclusionbybuildingontheirownresearchwork.CF:build是一個(gè)常用詞，與之搭配組成的短語(yǔ)還有：

buildin

buildinto buildup 安裝，固定使固定于，使成為……的一部分樹(shù)立，建立；增進(jìn)，增強(qiáng)24ppt課件stimulate:v.encourageorhelpanactivitytobeginordevelopfurther;encouragesomeonebymakingthemexcitedaboutandinterestedinsth.

Thegovernmentplanstocuttaxesinordertostimulatetheeconomy.表?yè)P(yáng)她就能激勵(lì)她更加努力。Praisealwaysstimulateshertomakefurtherefforts/tomakegreaterefforts.25ppt課件stimulate,encourage&inspire這三個(gè)動(dòng)作均表示“鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)”之意。stimulate尤指人或物因外界因素而受到刺激，使人振作起來(lái)或增強(qiáng)做某事的信心和勇氣。例如：Theexhibitionstimulatedinterestintheartist’sworks.這次展覽引起人們對(duì)這位藝術(shù)家的作品的興趣。encourage指提高某人情緒，增強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)勝困難、實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的信心和勇氣。例如：Herparentsencouragedherinherstudies.她的父母鼓勵(lì)她好好學(xué)習(xí)。inspire通常指鼓起勇氣，充滿信心和希望。例如：Hisnobleexampleinspiredtherestofustomakegreaterefforts.他那崇尚的榜樣激勵(lì)我們大家更加努力。26ppt課件

struggle:

1.v.tryextremelyhardtoachievesth,,eventhoughitisverydifficultI’vebeenstrugglingtounderstandthisarticlealltheafternoon.Fishstruggleforsurvivalwhenthewaterleveldropsinthelake.你給我這么多吃的,我得盡量把它吃完。

I’mstrugglingtofinishthehugehelpingyougaveme.2.n.alonghardfighttogetfreedom,politicalrights,etc.我們絕不會(huì)不戰(zhàn)而降。Wewillnotsurrenderwithoutastruggle.Pattern:struggleagainst/withstrugglefor struggletodosth. 與……作斗爭(zhēng)為……而斗爭(zhēng)為……而努力27ppt課件

renovate:

v.repairabuildingoroldfurnituresothatitisingoodconditionagain

Herenovatesoldhousesandsellsthemataprofit.舊家具需要整修翻新。Theoldfurniturehereshouldberenovated.28ppt課件repay:

v.paybackmoneythatyouhaveborrowed;dosth.forsomeone,orgivethemsth,inreturnforhelpingyouHehadtosellhiscartorepaythebankloan.HowcanIeverrepayyouforyourkindness?公司發(fā)給她獎(jiǎng)金以酬謝她工作努力.Thefirmrepaidherhardworkwithabonus.Collocations:

repaythemoneytosb.

repayone’sdebttosociety把錢還給（某人）回報(bào)社會(huì) 29ppt課件

loan:

1.n.1)anamountofmoneythatyouborrowfromabank,etc.I’monlyaskingforaloan.I’llpayyouback.Wecouldapplyforaloantobuyacar.2)thetimewhenyoulendsth.tosb.MayIhavetheloanofyourbicycle?謝謝你借給我自行車。Thankyouverymuchfortheloanofyourbike.2.vt.(AmericanEnglish)lendsb.sth.,esp.money;(BritishEnglish)lendsth.valuabletosomeoneThislibraryloansbooks,CDsandvideotapes.這位藝術(shù)家把她的繪畫(huà)出借給博物館。Theartistloanedherpicturestothemuseum.30ppt課件distribute:v.

1)sharethingsamongagroupofpeople,especiallyina

plannedwayHedistributedsweetstoallthechildrenintheclass.他們把獎(jiǎng)品分發(fā)給獲勝者。Theydistributedtheprizesamongthewinners.2)spreadsth.overalargeareaOurshopsaredistributedalloverthecity.示威者向行人分發(fā)傳單。Thedemonstratorsdistributedleafletstothepassers-by.CF:distribute,assign÷

這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞均含“分配，分發(fā)”之意。distribute通常指以整體或定量分為若干份來(lái)分配。assign指按照某種原則進(jìn)行的硬性分配，常暗示著分配人的武斷性。divide普通用詞，側(cè)重將某物分成若干份分配給他人，當(dāng)某物一分為二時(shí)，含平均分配之意。

31ppt課件leaveout:failtomentionorinclude;omitI’vemadealistofnames—IhopeIhaven’tleftanyoneout.她在敘述中漏掉了一個(gè)重要細(xì)節(jié)。Sheleftoutanimportantdetailinheraccount.NB:leave還有很多其他的搭配，例如：leave…aloneleavebehindleavefor讓……獨(dú)自待著；不打擾忘了帶；留下動(dòng)身前往（某地）32ppt課件energetic:adj.havingorneedingalotofenergyordetermination

Heisanenergeticboy;heenjoyssports.這些年輕的學(xué)生們?cè)礁稍接袆拧hemoretheyoungstudentsworked,themoreenergetictheybecame.33ppt課件occasional:adj.happeningsometimesbutnotoftenorregularly

Wegettheoccasionalvisitorshere.Haveyouseentheoccasionaltableinfrontofthesofa?家里這些天需要一個(gè)臨時(shí)司機(jī)。Thefamilyneedsanoccasionalchauffeurthesedays.34ppt課件workon1)tryveryhardtoimproveorachievesth.Heisworkingonanewnovel.Hisdancingtechniqueisgood,butheneedstoworkonhisfitness.2)trycontinuouslytoinfluencesomeoneorpersuadethemtodosth.

I’mworkingonmyfathertogethimtotakemetotheairport.史密斯游說(shuō)其他委員投票贊成這項(xiàng)提案。Smithworkedontheothercommitteememberstovoteforthebill.35ppt課件switch:

1.

v.1)changefromdoingorusingonethingtodoingorusinganother

Iusedtocookonelectricity,butI’veswitchedtogas.2)turnoffamachine,light,radio,etc.usingaswitchWouldyoupleaseswitchtheradiooff?2.n.theactofturningorchangingWhendidyoumaketheswitchfromgastoelectricityinthishouse?幾次轉(zhuǎn)向之后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己來(lái)到了郵局門口。AfterseveralswitchesofdirectionIfoundmyselfinfrontofthepostoffice.36ppt課件intuition:n.Theabilitytounderstandorknowsth.becauseofafeelingratherthanbyconsideringthefacts;anideaaboutwhatistrueinaparticularsituationbasedonafeelingratherthanfactsIcan’texplainhowIknew—Ijusthadanintuitionthatyou’dbeeninvolvedinanaccident.

沒(méi)有人告訴我到哪兒去找你.我純粹是憑直覺(jué)找到你的.Nobodytoldmewheretofindyou.Itwassheerintuition.Collocations:haveanintuition trustone’sintuitionbyintuition有一種直覺(jué)相信某人的直覺(jué)憑直覺(jué)37ppt課件magic:

1.n.theabilityofparticularpeopleinchildren’sstoriestomakeimpossiblethingshappenbysayingspecialwordsLikemagic,thecarchangesintoaboatwhenithitsthewater.他們相信那都是魔法造成的。Theybelievethatitwasalldonebymagic.2.adj.verygoodorveryenjoyableThatmusicisreallymagic!

Yougotthetickets?Magic!我們今天玩得很痛快!Wehadamagictimetoday!38ppt課件catchone’sbreath:restsoastobeabletocontinueanactivity,stopbreathingforamomentfromsurprise,shock,etc.Afterrunningtothebusstop,wesatdowntocatchourbreath.長(zhǎng)途追逐后，這幾條狗氣喘吁吁Thedogswerecatchingtheirbreathafterthelongchase.Collocations:holdone’sbreath

outofbreathunder(one’s)breath inonebreath/inthesamebreath 屏息氣喘吁吁壓著嗓音，低聲說(shuō)同時(shí)，立刻39ppt課件matter

1.v.beimportant,especiallytobeimportanttoyou,ortohaveaneffectonwhathappens

IknowCharlesdoesn’tthinkthisprojectisimportant,butitmatterstome.我們遲到了，可好像沒(méi)什么關(guān)系。Wewerelatebutitdidn’tseemtomatter.

2.n.asubjectorsituationthatyouhavetothinkaboutordealwith

CouldItalktoyouaboutapersonalmatter?談?wù)撌澜鐔?wèn)題是一回事，解決問(wèn)題卻是另一回事。Talkingabouttheworld’sproblemsisonething,butsolvingthemisanothermatteraltogether40ppt課件analysis:n.

studyofsth.byexaminingitspartsandtheirrelationships

Thechemistismakingananalysisofthepoison.Wemustmakeaclose