訓(xùn)練 28 完形填空(說明文10題)-2024初中英語中考題型匯編高分訓(xùn)練(全國)

2024初中英語中考題型匯編高分訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練28完形填空(說明文精選10題)(一)TheLittlePrince,aclassicnovelwaswrittenbytheFrenchpilotandwriter,AntoinedeSaint-Exupéry.It1astorythathappenedintheDesertofSahara,aboutapilotandalittleprince.Thepilothadanaccidentwithhisplane.2waswrongwithhisengine.Andhemadefriendswiththeprincewhofellfromanotherplanet.Themain3inthisbook,aspeciallittleprince,livedonasmallplanetknownasAsteroidB-612.It4onlythreevolcanoes(火山)andarosewithsurprisingbeauty.Theflowerwasrarelyfoundandcharming5words,butshewasalsoproudandself-centred.Anditmadethelittleprinceleavehisplanetbecausehewas6tofaceher.Duringhisjourney,thelittleprincevisitedseveralplanets,andhadconversationswiththeircitizens.Fromthem,hefoundhowmeaninglesstheworldofgrown-upswas.Finally,he7theEarth,wherehewasshockedbyaheart-breakingfactthathisflowerwasnottheonlyoneintheworld.Atthatmomentafoxappeared,askingthelittleprinceto“tame”(馴服)him,thenhedidso.8thelittleprinceleft,thefoxmadehimbelievethattherosewasspecialtohimandthemeaningofloveandresponsibility.Attheendofthestory,thelittleprincedecidedtogobackhome.Thepilotwalked9withhisfriendtotheplacewherehelanded.Hesawayellowpoisonoussnakebitethelittleprince.Thenextmorning,thepilotwasunabletofindtheprince’sbody.Hefinally10torepairhisplaneandleavethedesert.1．A．repeats B．tells C．explains D．writes2．A．Something B．Nothing C．Everything D．Anything3．A．director B．character C．suspect D．a(chǎn)ctor4．A．wasmadeof B．wasmadefrom C．wasmadeupof D．wasmadein5．A．before B．beyond C．a(chǎn)fter D．behind6．A．ready B．happy C．unusual D．unable7．A．a(chǎn)rrived B．got C．went D．reached8．A．After B．Before C．Since D．Until9．A．sadly B．happily C．excitedly D．quickly10．A．failed B．a(chǎn)fforded C．managed D．promised【答案】1．B2．A3．B4．C5．B6．D7．D8．B9．A10．C【分析】文章大意:短文介紹了著名小說《小王子》,它的作者以及出版的時(shí)間,這本書在全世界都很有名,它主要是介紹小王子獨(dú)自在一個(gè)星球上居住,在一次外出游玩時(shí),他得知了一個(gè)秘密,于是他與本書的作者進(jìn)行了交流,述說了這個(gè)秘密.1．句意:它講述了發(fā)生在撒哈拉沙漠的一個(gè)故事,一個(gè)飛行員和一個(gè)小王子.A.重復(fù);B.告訴;C.解釋;D.寫作.根據(jù)短語搭配tellastory講故事,可知,此空應(yīng)填tells,故選B.2．句意:他的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出毛病了.A某事,某物;B.沒有什么,沒有一件東西;C.每件事,所有事物;D.任何事情.根據(jù)somethingiswrongwith…某事物出現(xiàn)了問題.可知,此空故填Something,故選A.3．句意:這本書中的主角是一位特殊的小王子,住在一個(gè)叫做B-612的小行星上.A.導(dǎo)演;B.角色;C.嫌疑人;D.演員.根據(jù)句意可知,此句是在介紹書上的人物,所以此空故填character.4．句意:它由三座火山(火山)和一朵玫瑰組成,美不勝收.A由…做成;B.由…做成;C.由…組成;D.在……制造.根據(jù)句意可知,此空是由…組成的意思,此空故填wasmadeupof,故選C.5．句意:這朵花很少被發(fā)現(xiàn),而且迷人得難以言喻.A.在……前;B超出;除…之外;C.在……后;D.在……后面.根據(jù)短語beyondwords無法用言語表達(dá),符合語境,此空故填beyond,故選B.6．句意:這讓小王子離開了他的星球,因?yàn)樗麩o法面對她.A.準(zhǔn)備好的;B.快樂的;C.不尋常的;D.不能的.根據(jù)前半句可知,由于玫瑰花很驕傲,而且以自我為中心,所以小王子無法面對她,此空故填unable,故選D.7．句意:最后,他來到了地球上,在那里他被一個(gè)令人心碎的事實(shí)震驚,那就是他的花不是世界上唯一的一朵.A.到達(dá),不及物;B.到達(dá),不及物;C.去;走;移動(dòng),旅行,行走;go的過去式;D.到達(dá),及物.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,小王子走過了幾個(gè)星球,最后,他來到了地球上,此空故填.reached,故選D.8．句意:在小王子離開之前,狐貍讓他相信玫瑰對他來說是特別的,是愛和責(zé)任的意義.A.在……之后;B.在……之前;C,自從;D直到.根據(jù)上下文語境可知,此空是.在……之前的意思,此空故填Before,故選B.9．句意:飛行員和他的朋友傷心地走到他降落的地方A.悲傷地;B.快樂地;C.興奮地D.很快地.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,因?yàn)樗团笥迅鎰e了,所以感到悲傷,此空應(yīng)填sadly,故選A.10．句意:他終于設(shè)法修好了飛機(jī),離開了沙漠.A.失敗;B.買得起;承擔(dān)得起;C.勉力完成,設(shè)法,管理;D.承諾.根據(jù)句意可知,此空是成功做到的意思,此空應(yīng)填managed,故選C.【點(diǎn)睛】完型填空,考查學(xué)生們在具體語境中運(yùn)用語言的能力,綜合性較強(qiáng).做題時(shí),應(yīng)先通讀短文,了解大意;然后根據(jù)上下文語境的提示做題,先易后難,注意辨析選項(xiàng)中的單詞的意思和用法,并注意空前后的搭配;最后應(yīng)再讀一遍短文,檢查答案.(二)LondonisthecapitalofEngland.Itis1thesouthofEngland,thecityhas2parts—theSouthandNorth.IntheNorththerearemanyimportantbuildings,shops,bigparksandinterestingplaces.Theclimate(氣候)ofLondonis3.Inwinteritisnotverycoldandinsummeritisnotveryhot,becausethecityis4thesea.PeoplesaythatLondonisafoggy(多霧的)cityanditoftenrains.Itistrue.I’minLondonnow.TodayImeet5fogsthanbefore.Youcanhardly(幾乎不)seeyourhands6yourface.Carsandbusesmovealongwiththeirlightson.Wheneveningcomes,theweatherbecomesevenworse.Thefogsare7thickasmilk.8busesandcarsstop.I9animportantmeetingontheothersideofthecity,butitisimpossible(不可能的)tofindacarorabus.Ihavetogetthere10.1．A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in D．to2．A．two B．four C．three D．five3．A．nice B．bad C．sunny D．rainy4．A．next B．near C．in D．of5．A．thick B．thicker C．thin D．thinner6．A．infrontof B．behind C．between D．under7．A．too B．a(chǎn)nd C．so D．a(chǎn)s8．A．All B．Each C．Every D．A9．A．a(chǎn)m B．have C．do D．has10．A．bycar B．bybus C．onfoot D．onthefoot【答案】1．C2．A3．A4．B5．B6．A7．D8．A9．B10．C【分析】這篇短文主要講述了倫敦的氣候和交通.1．句意:倫敦是英國的首都.它位于英格蘭南部,這個(gè)城市由南部和北部兩部分組成.A.at

在……;B.on在……上;C.in在……;D.to到…….Inthesouthof…表示在……的南部.根據(jù)題意,故選C.2．句意:倫敦是英國的首都.它位于英格蘭南部,城市由南部和北部兩部分組成.A.two二;B.four四;C.three三;D.five五.根據(jù)theSouthandNorth.可知這里是說兩部分.根據(jù)題意,故選A.3．句意:在倫敦的氣候是好的.A.nice漂亮的;好的.B.bad

壞的;C.sunny晴朗的;D.rainy下雨的.根據(jù)下文Inwinteritisnotverycoldandinsummeritisnotveryhot,becausethecityis4thesea.可知上文是說氣候是好的.根據(jù)題意,故選A.4．句意:冬天不太冷,夏天也不太熱,因?yàn)檫@座城市靠近大海.A.next下一個(gè);B.near附近的;C.in在……里面;D.of……的.根據(jù)上文Inwinteritisnotverycoldandinsummeritisnotveryhot可知下文是說這個(gè)城市在大海附近.根據(jù)題意,故選B.5．句意:今天遇到比以前更大的霧.A.thick厚的;B.thicker更厚的;C.thin瘦的,薄的;D.thinner更瘦的,更薄的.根據(jù)下文Youcanhardly(幾乎不)seeyourhands6yourface可知上文是說更大的霧.這里用形容詞的比較級(jí).根據(jù)題意,故選B.6．句意:你幾乎看不到你的手在臉前.A.infrontof在……前面;B.behind在……后面;C.between兩者之間;D.under在……下面.根據(jù)上文Youcanhardly(幾乎不)seeyourhands可知這里是說在你的臉前.根據(jù)題意,故選A.7．句意:霧和牛奶一樣濃.A.too也;B.and和,又;C.so因此;D.as當(dāng)……的時(shí)候.As…as表示和……一樣,中間加形容詞或副詞的原形,根據(jù)題意,故選D.8．句意:所有的公共汽車賀小汽車要停止.A.All所有的;B.Each每一個(gè);強(qiáng)調(diào)單數(shù);C.Every每一個(gè);強(qiáng)調(diào)整體;D.A一個(gè).根據(jù)下文I9animportantmeetingontheothersideofthecity,butitisimpossible(不可能的)tofindacarorabus.可知上文說所有的汽車.根據(jù)句意,故選A.9．句意:我在城市的另一邊有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議,但找不到汽車或公共汽車.A.am是,主語是I;B.have有,原形;C.do做,原形;D.has有,第三人稱單數(shù);這里是有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議,主語是I,動(dòng)詞用have.,根據(jù)題意,故選B.10．句意:我不得不步行到那里.A.bycar乘小汽車;B.bybus乘公共汽車;C.onfoot步行;D.onthefoot語法錯(cuò)誤.根據(jù)上文I9animportantmeetingontheothersideofthecity,butitisimpossible(不可能的)tofindacarorabus.可知這里是說步行.根據(jù)題意,故選C.【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空題與單項(xiàng)選擇題不同,它給出的是一篇意思較為完整的短文.做該題型試題時(shí),首先應(yīng)跳過空格通讀全文,以全文為背景,聯(lián)系句子的上下文進(jìn)行推理和判斷,從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一項(xiàng)進(jìn)行試填.考生可以從詞義用法、固定搭配、邏輯推理和上下文的聯(lián)系等方面去考慮.最后應(yīng)再把全文通覽一遍,細(xì)心檢查所選答案能否使短文上下連貫,前后呼應(yīng),詞句通順,使短文意思完整.檢查時(shí)還應(yīng)從語法、慣用法、邏輯推理和事情發(fā)生的情節(jié)等方面進(jìn)行考慮,以達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確無誤之目的.如第4小題,根據(jù)上文Inwinteritisnotverycoldandinsummeritisnotveryhot可知下文是說這個(gè)城市在大海附近.這里是推斷出在海邊.故選B.(三)Itisacoldanddrywintermorning.Whenyou1,yousuddenlyfeelthatyourthroathurts.Youbegintosneezeandlateryoumaycough.Youmusthaveacold!Waitasecond.Coulditjustbea2coldorthefluthat'sbeengoingaround?Acoldgivesyouarunnynoseandcough.Butit'susuallyeasyto3with.Sometakemedicinesuchasaspirin(阿司匹林)4otherstryhometreatmentslikeherbalteaorchickensoup.Usuallyyoufeelbetterafteraweek.Thefluontheotherhandcanbemuchmore5.Itusuallygivesyoufever.Sometimesitcanbedeadly.Theworstflu,theso-calledSpanishFluof1918to1919,killedabout50millionpeople,accordingtoTheAtlantic.Don'tworry.Gettingafluvaccine(流感疫苗)can6youfromthevirus.Fluvaccinesworkbygivingthebodyasmallamountoffluviruses.Thiscausesourbodytodevelopantibodies(抗體).7nexttimeyougettheflu,theantibodiescanhelpprotectyou.Unfortunately,thefluvirus8everyfewyears.Therefore,therearesomanytypesofflu,suchasH1N1andH5N1.Theantibodiesforonetypeofflucan'tprotectusagainstalltypesofflu.That's9weneedtogetthevaccineeveryyear.However,goodhealth10mayalsohelptopreventacoldorflu.Washingyourhandsoftenhelpsprotectyoufromviruses.Gettingregularexerciseandeatinghealthyfoodisalsoimportant.Allthesecanhelpyoustrengthenyourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).1．A．standup B．turnup C．giveup D．wakeup2．A．common B．little C．popular D．strange3．A．a(chǎn)gree B．deal C．meet D．start4．A．because B．a(chǎn)fter C．until D．while5．A．interesting B．familiar C．dangerous D．smooth6．A．protect B．leave C．recover D．draw7．A．So B．Unless C．Since D．As8．A．stops B．changes C．spreads D．kills9．A．how B．when C．whether D．why10．A．clubs B．customs C．habits D．hobbies【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．D5．C6．A7．A8．B9．D10．C【分析】這是一篇說明文,本文主要講述了流感的危害以及預(yù)防流感的方法.1．句意:當(dāng)你醒來時(shí),你突然感到你的喉嚨疼.standup站起來;turnup出現(xiàn);giveup放棄;wakeup醒來.根據(jù)前文的“Itisacoldanddrywintermorning.”可知是在早上,因此判斷是醒來的時(shí)候,用動(dòng)詞短語wakeup.故選D.2．句意:是普通的感冒還是流行的流感?common普通的,常見的;little小的;popular受歡迎的;strange奇怪的.根據(jù)“Acoldgivesyouarunnynoseandcough.Butit’susuallyeasyto…with.”可知,感冒很容易處理,因此是常見的,用形容詞common.故選A.3．句意:但是它經(jīng)常很容易處理.agree同意;deal處理;meet遇見;start開始.根據(jù)后文的“Sometakemedicinesuchasaspirin(阿司匹林)…otherstryhometreatmentslikeherbteaorchickensoup”可知,此處表示處理感冒,用dealwith.故選B.4．句意:一些人服用阿司匹林等藥物,而另一些人則嘗試草藥茶或雞湯等家庭療法.because因?yàn)?after在……之后,until直到,while然而.根據(jù)some和others可知,此處是兩種人進(jìn)行比較,用連詞while.故選D.5．句意:另一方面,流感可能更危險(xiǎn).interesting有趣的;familiar熟悉的;dangerous危險(xiǎn)的;smooth光滑的.根據(jù)后文“Theworstflu,theso-calledSpainFluof1918to1919,killedabout50millionpeople,accordingtoTheAtlantic.”可知,流感可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人死亡,因此更危險(xiǎn).故選C.6．句意:接種流感疫苗可以保護(hù)你免受病毒感染.protect保護(hù);leave離開;recover恢復(fù);draw拉,畫畫.此處用動(dòng)詞短語protectsb.fromsth.表達(dá)“保護(hù)某人不受某物的傷害”,故選A.7．句意:所以下次你得流感時(shí),抗體可以幫助保護(hù)你.so所以;unless除非;since自從;as作為.前句表示接種流感疫苗可以讓你的身體產(chǎn)生抗體,后一句表示抗體可以幫助保護(hù)你,前后表示因果關(guān)系,此處用so表示“因此”.故選A.8．句意:不幸的是,流感病毒每隔幾年就會(huì)發(fā)生變化.stops停止;changes變化,改變;spreads傳播;kills殺死.根據(jù)后文的“Therefore,therearesomanytypesofflu”可知,流感有很多種類,每隔幾年就會(huì)發(fā)生變化.故選B.9．句意:那是為什么我們每年需要接種疫苗的原因.how怎樣;when什么時(shí)候;whether是否;why為什么.that’s后面用why引導(dǎo)表語從句表示“那是為什么我們每年需要接種疫苗的原因”.故選D.10．句意:然而,良好的健康習(xí)慣也可能會(huì)幫助你預(yù)防感冒或流感.clubs俱樂部;customs風(fēng)俗;habits習(xí)慣;hobbies愛好.根據(jù)后文“Washingyourhands…Gettingregularexerciseandeatinghealthyfood”可知,洗手,規(guī)律地鍛煉,吃健康的食物,這些都是良好的習(xí)慣,所以空格處填habits.故選C.(四)Protecting(保護(hù))wildanimalsisourduty.Becausewildanimalsareimportanttous.Theylivewithusontheearthtogether.Iftherearenoanimalsontheearth,wewillnotliveon,1.Soweshould2themtohelpusliveahealthylife.3somepeoplestilldon'trealizetheimportance(重要性)ofprotectingwildanimals.Theyoften.4wildanimalsforfoodorformoney.Everydaytherearemanywildanimalsbeingkilled.Solotsofwildanimalsare5.Wecan'tseethemanymore.Todaythenumberofwildanimals6becomingsmallerandsmaller.Ifwedon'tprotectthem,theywillalldieout.Ifthisgoeson,therewillbenoanimals7ontheearth.8,moreandmorepeoplebegantodomanythingstohelpprotectwildanimals.Theyaskpeople9wildanimals.Theygetpeopletoknowthatprotectingwildanimalsisoneofthemostimportantthings.Nowmany10havemadesomelawstoprotectwildanimals.Nowthat(既然)wildanimalsaresoimportanttoman,weshoulddoourbesttoprotectthem.1．A．too B．a(chǎn)lso C．neither D．either2．A．takegoodcareof B．beafraidof C．goawayfrom D．runafter3．A．And B．But C．Or D．Because4．A．protect B．buy C．sell D．kill5．A．insafety B．inneed C．indanger D．inhelp6．A．was B．were C．a(chǎn)re D．is7．A．leave B．leaving C．toleave D．left8．A．Luckily B．Sadly C．Unluckily D．Clearly9．A．stoppingkilling B．tostoptokill C．stopstokill D．tostopkilling10．A．houses B．cities C．families D．countries【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．D5．C6．D7．D8．A9．D10．D【分析】本文是說明文.短文介紹了保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的必要性.保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物是我們的責(zé)任,因?yàn)閯?dòng)物對我們來說非常重要.有些人為了獲得錢財(cái)和食物殺害動(dòng)物,造成動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕.越來越多達(dá)人意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn),很多國家通過了保護(hù)動(dòng)物的法律.1．句意:如果地球上沒有動(dòng)物,我們也不能生存.考查副詞和語境辨析.too也,副詞用于肯定句句末;also還,副詞;用于句中;neither也不;either也,做副詞用于否定句句末.根據(jù)wewillnotliveon是否定句可知,表示也用either,故選D.2．句意:所以我們?yōu)榱松畹酶】?應(yīng)該好好地保護(hù)它們.

考查動(dòng)詞短語和語境辨析.takegoodcareof好好地照顧;beafraidof害怕;goawayfrom走開;runafter追趕,根據(jù)上文的動(dòng)物非常重要可知,我們應(yīng)該好好保護(hù),故選A.3．句意:但是仍然有些人沒有意識(shí)到保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的重要性.考查連詞和語境辨析.And和;But但是;Or或者;

Because因?yàn)?結(jié)合句意可知是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,用連詞but,故選B.4．句意:他們經(jīng)常為了食物和錢財(cái)殺掉動(dòng)物.考查動(dòng)詞和語境辨析.protect保護(hù);

buy買;sell賣;kill殺掉.根據(jù)下一句每天有很多動(dòng)物被殺可知,他們殺掉動(dòng)物獲取錢財(cái)和食物,故選D.5．句意:所以大量的動(dòng)物處于危險(xiǎn)中.考查介詞短語和語境辨析.insafety安全地;inneed在困境中;indanger在危險(xiǎn)中;inhelp在幫助,根據(jù)上文的很多動(dòng)物被殺可知,它們處于危險(xiǎn)中,故選C.6．句意:如今野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)目在變得越來越少.考查動(dòng)詞和語境辨析.A.was是,單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞過去式;were是are的過去式;are是,和動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);is是be動(dòng)詞單數(shù)和動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),根據(jù)today和空格后的現(xiàn)在分詞可知是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);主語是thenumberof,be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is,故選D.7．句意:如果這種狀況持續(xù)下去,地球上將沒有動(dòng)物可以剩下.考查動(dòng)詞和語境辨析.leave留下,是原形;leaving是現(xiàn)在分詞;toleave是動(dòng)詞不定式;left是過去分詞,表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系.根據(jù)句意可知?jiǎng)游锖土粝率潜粍?dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞,故選D.8．句意:幸運(yùn)地是,越來越多的人開始為幫助保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物做很多事情.考查副詞和語境辨析.Luckily幸運(yùn)地;Sadly悲痛地;Unluckily不幸地;Clearly明顯地.根據(jù)上下文聯(lián)系可知,保護(hù)動(dòng)物是幸運(yùn)地,故選A.9．句意:他們要求人們停止殺害動(dòng)物.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用法.固定搭配asksb.todosth.意為要求某人做某事,后跟動(dòng)詞不定式;動(dòng)詞stop后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,上文提到一些人殺害動(dòng)物已經(jīng)發(fā)生,所以stop后跟動(dòng)名詞,故選D.10．句意:現(xiàn)在很多國家制定了一些保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的法律.考查名詞和語境辨析.houses房屋;cities城市;families家庭;countries國家.根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,制定法律的是國家,故選D.【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空集閱讀理解、語法、詞法、句法于一體,考查語言的綜合運(yùn)用能力,是難度最大的題目.本文從詞匯短語方面看,考查了介詞、動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、連詞和短語搭配,沒有太難的單詞出現(xiàn),都是日常學(xué)習(xí)中常見的中考高頻詞匯.第6小題需要注意thenumberof做主語時(shí)的主謂一致,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);第9題需要四個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語意思都認(rèn)識(shí)即可選出,lookedat看著;laughedat嘲笑;shoutedat對著……叫喊;pointedat指著.第9題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法,需要注意上下文銜接,注意語境,此題易錯(cuò).(五)CustomersintheUSspendlessmoneyonBlackFridaythanprevious(以前的)years.BlackFridayisthedayafterThanksgivingintheUS.Thanksgivingisalwaysthefourth1inNovember.BlackFridayistraditionallythedaywhentheChristmasshoppingperiodbegins.Itisusuallyoneofthe2daysoftheyearforsellers.Manysellers3theirpricestoencourageshopperstospendtheirmoney.Somecustomersarriveatstoresbeforetheyopen,andwaitinlineforachancetobuy4things.Lastyear,Americans5atotalof$57.4billionoverthefourdays(fromThursdaytoSunday).However,thisyear,expertsthinkthattheamountwill6toaround$50.9billion.BlackFridaystartedintheUS,buthasbecomemorepopularinother7recently.ManycustomersfromtheUKhavestartedspendingmoremoneyonBlackFriday,eventhoughBritishpeopledon'tcelebrateThanksgiving.OnlinesellerAmazonUKsaidthatFridaywasitsbusiestdayever.Accordingtothe8,customersbought5.5millionproductsonFriday,whichwasaround64thingspersecond.ManystoresintheUKalsoofferedcheap9,suchasTVs,coffeemachinesandotherelectronicproducts.Insomestoresshoppers10toleavethestore,eventhoughalloftheproductshadalreadybeensoldout.1．A．Monday B．Tuesday C．Wednesday D．Thursday2．A．busiest B．coldest C．quietest D．longest3．A．raise B．rise C．reduce D．change4．A．heavy B．big C．cheap D．special5．A．made B．spent C．took D．paid6．A．increase B．a(chǎn)dd C．drop D．get7．A．cities B．mountains C．towns D．countries8．A．website B．study C．story D．diary9．A．vegetables B．products C．fruits D．snacks10．A．hoped B．decided C．refused D．tried【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．C5．B6．C7．D8．A9．B10．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文.文章主要介紹了美國的黑色星期五以及美國消費(fèi)者在黑色星期五的消費(fèi)比往年要少.1．句意:感恩節(jié)總是十一月的第四個(gè)星期四.Monday星期一;Tuesday星期二;Wednesday星期三;Thursday星期四.根據(jù)“BlackFridayisthedayafterThanksgivingintheUS.”可知,感恩節(jié)的第二天是星期五,那么,感恩節(jié)應(yīng)該是星期四,故選D.2．句意:對于賣家來說,這通常是一年中最繁忙的日子之一.busiest最繁忙的;coldest最寒冷的;quietest最安靜的;longest最長的.根據(jù)“BlackFridayistraditionallythedaywhentheChristmasshoppingperiodbegins.”可知,圣誕節(jié)購物期開始,對賣家來說是最繁忙的,故選A.3．句意:許多賣家降低價(jià)格以鼓勵(lì)購物者花錢.raise舉起;rise升起;reduce降低;change改變.根據(jù)后文“ManystoresintheUKalsoofferedcheap”可知,這里指降價(jià)銷售,故選C.4．句意:一些顧客在開店前就到了商店,排隊(duì)等著有機(jī)會(huì)買便宜的東西.heavy重的;big大的;cheap便宜的;special特別的.根據(jù)前文賣家降價(jià)銷售可知,這里指買便宜的東西,故選C.5．句意:去年,美國人在這四天里總共花費(fèi)了574億美元.made制造;spent花費(fèi);took花費(fèi);paid支付.“somebodyspendsomemoney”是固定搭配,意為“某人花錢”,故選B.6．句意:然而,專家們認(rèn)為,今年這一數(shù)額將降至509億美元左右.increase增加;add加上;drop下降;get得到.根據(jù)前文可知,去年花費(fèi)了574億,而今年是509億,因此今年同去年相比,下降了.故選C.7．句意:黑色星期五開始于美國,但最近在其他國家變得更加流行.cities城市;mountains山;towns城鎮(zhèn);countries國家.根據(jù)前文“BlackFridaystartedintheUS”以及后文“ManycustomersfromtheUK”可知,黑色星期五雖然起源于美國,但在其他國家也流行起來了,故選D.8．句意:根據(jù)該網(wǎng)站的數(shù)據(jù),顧客在周五購買了550萬件產(chǎn)品,約為每秒64件.website網(wǎng)站;study研究;story故事;diary日記.根據(jù)前文“OnlinesellerAmazonUK”可知,此處是從亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上得到的數(shù)據(jù),故選A.9．句意:英國的許多商店也提供廉價(jià)產(chǎn)品,如電視、咖啡機(jī)和其他電子產(chǎn)品.vegetables蔬菜;products產(chǎn)品;fruits水果;snacks小吃.根據(jù)后文的電視、咖啡機(jī)和其他電子產(chǎn)品可知,這里指產(chǎn)品,故選B.10．句意:在一些商店里,購物者拒絕離開商店,盡管所有的產(chǎn)品都已經(jīng)賣完了.hoped希望;decided決定;refused拒絕;tried嘗試.根據(jù)后文“eventhoughalloftheproductshadalreadybeensoldout.”可知,即使商店的產(chǎn)品賣光了,消費(fèi)者還是舍不得離開,“refusetodo”是固定搭配,意為“拒絕”,故選C.(六)AdifferentkindofschoolinPakistanisgivingpoorchildrenanewchance(機(jī)會(huì))tostudy.Sometimestheir1alsocometostudy.The2iscalledStreettoSchool.ItstartedinKarachiin2014.InKarachi,someparentsdidn’twanttosendtheirchildrentoschool.Therewerequiteafewchildrenplayingonthestreeteverydaywhen3parentsworked.StreettoSchoolwasfounded(創(chuàng)建)forthesechildren.ChildrenatStreettoSchoollearnreading,writing,Englishandmath.Theycanalsolearn4tostayhealthyandtakecareofthemselves.Also,thereareallkindsofsports5andchildrenalwayshaveagoodtime.ThefounderofStreettoSchoolisMohammadHassan.Hesays,“Westartedthisprogramforkids,butwe6quicklythatthekidswouldbringtheirhomeworkwithoutparents’signatures(簽名).Thatmeantkidswerenotgettinghelpathometodotheirhomework.Thenwe7tostartaspecialclassfortheseparentssothattheycouldhelptheirkidswithhomework.”Uzmaisamother,shejoinedStreettoSchoollastmonth.Shesays,“Ididn’tgotoschoolwhenIwasyoung.Icould8readorwrite.ThisiswhyIamheretoday.”TahiraBibiisa9.Shehasalwaysworkedasaclothesmakerandnevergotthechancetogotoschool.“Iwasalso10inlearningwhenIsawbothmygrandsonandgranddaughterstudying.Learningisreallyfun,”saysTahira.1．A．family B．teachers C．doctors D．traders2．A．street B．program C．problem D．symbol3．A．my B．her C．our D．their4．A．what B．who C．why D．how5．A．points B．buildings C．a(chǎn)ctivities D．results6．A．wokeup B．cutup C．feltlike D．foundout7．A．stopped B．decided C．taught D．followed8．A．a(chǎn)lways B．sometimes C．hardly D．once9．A．grandmother B．grandfather C．mother D．father10．A．bored B．relaxed C．interested D．hungry【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．D5．C6．D7．B8．C9．A10．C【分析】本文是記敘文.短文介紹了巴基斯坦卡拉奇的特殊的街道學(xué)校.給貧窮孩子們學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì).他們的家長也可以參加到班級(jí),輔導(dǎo)孩子們的作業(yè),家長們也感到有趣.1．句意:有時(shí),他們的家人也來學(xué)習(xí).考查名詞詞義和語境辨析.A.family

家人;B.teachers老師;C.doctors醫(yī)生;

D.traders商人.根據(jù)上一句提到孩子,可知和他們一起學(xué)習(xí)的應(yīng)該是他們的家人,故選A.2．句意:這個(gè)工程被叫作街道上學(xué).考查名詞詞義和語境辨析.A.street街道;B.program項(xiàng)目;C.problem問題;D.symbol象征,符號(hào).根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,這是一個(gè)關(guān)于孩子教育的項(xiàng)目,故選B.3．句意:當(dāng)孩子們的父母工作時(shí),有相當(dāng)多的孩子在街上玩耍.考查物主代詞詞義和語境辨析.A.my我的;B.her她的;C.our我們的;D.their他們的.根據(jù)前面的children孩子們可知,用復(fù)數(shù)their,故選D.4．句意:他們還能夠?qū)W習(xí)如何保持健康和照顧他們自己.考查疑問代詞和語境辨析.A.what什么;B.who誰;C.why為什么;D.how怎么樣.根據(jù)句意孩子們學(xué)習(xí)生存的方式,用how,故選D5．句意:還有各種各樣的體育活動(dòng),孩子們總是玩得開心.考查名詞詞義和語境辨析.A.points得分,目的;

B.buildings建筑物;C.activities活動(dòng);D.results結(jié)果.根據(jù)空格前的sport可知是體育活動(dòng),故選C.6．句意:……但是我們很快發(fā)現(xiàn),孩子們會(huì)帶來沒有他們家長簽名的作業(yè).考查動(dòng)詞短語和語境辨析.A.wokeup醒來;B.cutup切碎;C.feltlike

D.foundout發(fā)現(xiàn),找到.根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,后面的事實(shí)是他發(fā)現(xiàn)的,故選D.7．句意:后來,我們決定為這些家長開設(shè)特殊的班級(jí),以便他們能夠幫助孩子寫作業(yè).考查動(dòng)詞和語境辨析.A.stopped停止;B.decided決定;C.taught教;D.followed跟隨,遵守.根據(jù)上一句孩子們在家不能得到寫作業(yè)的幫助,可知我們決定給家長開設(shè)專門的班級(jí),故選B.8．句意:我?guī)缀醪粫?huì)讀和寫.考查副詞和語境辨析.A.always總是,一直;B.sometimes有時(shí);C.hardly幾乎不;D.once曾經(jīng),一次.根據(jù)上一句“我小時(shí)候沒有上過學(xué)”,可知她自己幾乎不會(huì)讀和寫,故選C.9．句意:TahiraBibi是一個(gè)祖母.考查名詞和語境辨析.A.grandmother祖母;

B.grandfather祖父;C.mother母親;D.father父親.根據(jù)下文的代詞she可知是個(gè)女性,“當(dāng)我看見我的孫子和孫女學(xué)習(xí),我對學(xué)習(xí)也感興趣”,可知TahiraBibi是個(gè)祖母,故選A.10．句意:當(dāng)我看見我的孫子和孫女學(xué)習(xí),我對學(xué)習(xí)也感興趣.考查形容詞和語境辨析.A.bored無聊的;B.relaxed放松的;C.interested有趣的;D.hungry饑餓的.短語beinterestedin意為“對……感興趣”,根據(jù)后一句Learningisreallyfun,學(xué)習(xí)真的是有趣的,可知她對學(xué)習(xí)感興趣,故選C.【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空考查學(xué)生們在具體語境中運(yùn)用語言的能力,綜合性較強(qiáng),學(xué)生需具備閱讀理解以及邏輯推理的能力.做題時(shí),應(yīng)先通讀短文,掌握大意;然后做題,先易后難,各個(gè)擊破.注意上下文語境的提示和空前后的固定搭配,仔細(xì)辨析選項(xiàng)中單詞的意思和用法.例如第8小題,考查了副詞的用法,根據(jù)上文沒有上過學(xué)可知幾乎不會(huì)讀和寫,故這里應(yīng)選C.再如第10小題,根據(jù)句意可知,當(dāng)我看見我的孫子和孫女學(xué)習(xí),我對學(xué)習(xí)也感興趣,短語beinterestedin對……感興趣,從后面Learningisreallyfun她認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)是有趣的,可知對學(xué)習(xí)感興趣,故這里應(yīng)選C.(七)Chinesepeoplearewell-knownforbeinghospitable(好客的).Manyevenfeelthattheywilllosefaceiftheir1eatupallthefoodonthetable.Asweallknow,foodwastebecomesa2probleminChina.Luckily,thissituationcanbe3withthehelpofarule.Accordingtotherule,foodproviderswhoencourageorforcepeopleto4toomuchfoodmayfacefines(罰款)ofupto10,000yuan.Andtheyshouldremindpeopletoorderthe5amountoffood.Besides,peopleareencouragedtofinishallthefoodonthediningtable.Nowmanypeopleshowtheirsupportfortherulebysharingphotosandvideosofempty6online.AndmanyChinesepeoplehave7thehabitoftakingleftovers(吃剩的食物)home.Thepurposeofintroducingtheruleisnotto8anybody,buttoavoidfoodwaste.Wastingfoodisnotjustawasteofmoney,butmore.9,itisawasteofresources(資源).It’snecessarytocreateanenvironmentallyfriendly10.Inaword,thereisnoexcuseforwastingfood.1．A．leaders B．winners C．guests D．officers2．A．simple B．serious C．possible D．different3．A．changed B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．created D．returned4．A．sell B．order C．cook D．taste5．A．same B．total C．large D．proper6．A．chairs B．bowls C．buses D．rooms7．A．expected B．broken C．discovered D．developed8．A．punish B．a(chǎn)llow C．invite D．understand9．A．naturally B．similarly C．importantly D．interestingly10．A．society B．family C．school D．company【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．B5．D6．B7．D8．A9．C10．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)反對食物浪費(fèi)的規(guī)定.1．句意:許多人甚至覺得,如果客人把桌上的食物都吃光了,他們會(huì)很丟臉.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者;winners贏家;guests客人;officers官員.根據(jù)空前的“Chinesepeoplearewell-knownforbeinghospitable(好客的).”可知,此處是說,如果自己的“客人們”吃光了桌子上的食物,很多人甚至?xí)X得丟臉.故選C.2．句意:眾所周知,食物浪費(fèi)成了中國的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題.simple簡單的;serious嚴(yán)重的;possible可能的;different不同的.根據(jù)“foodwastebecomesa…problem”可知,此處是說食物浪費(fèi)成為一個(gè)“嚴(yán)重”問題.故選B.3．句意:幸運(yùn)的是,這種情況可以在規(guī)則的幫助下改變.change改變;accept接受;create創(chuàng)造;return歸還.根據(jù)空后的“withthehelpofarule”及下文內(nèi)容可知,此處表示這種情況會(huì)有所“改變”.故選A.4．句意:根據(jù)該規(guī)定,食品供應(yīng)商鼓勵(lì)或強(qiáng)迫人們點(diǎn)太多食物的,將面臨最高1萬元的罰款.sell賣;order點(diǎn)菜;cook烹飪;taste品嘗.結(jié)合下文中的“theyshouldremindpeopletoorderthe…amountoffood.”可知,此處是說,鼓勵(lì)或者強(qiáng)迫人們“點(diǎn)太多食物”的供應(yīng)商可能會(huì)面臨高達(dá)一萬元的罰款.故選B.5．句意:他們應(yīng)該提醒人們點(diǎn)適量的食物.

same同樣的;total全部的;large大的;proper恰當(dāng)?shù)?根據(jù)上文“whoencourageorforcepeopleto…toomuchfoodmayfacefines(罰款)ofupto10,000yuan.”可知,此處說強(qiáng)迫人們點(diǎn)太多食物的供應(yīng)商會(huì)面臨罰款.因此這里是說應(yīng)該提醒人們點(diǎn)“適量的”食物.故選D.6．句意:現(xiàn)在很多人通過在網(wǎng)上分享空碗的照片和視頻來支持這項(xiàng)規(guī)定.chairs椅子;bowls碗;buses公共汽車;rooms房間.根據(jù)上文中的“peopleareencouragedtofinishallthefoodonthediningtable.”可知,此處是說,現(xiàn)在很多人通過在網(wǎng)上分享“空碗”的照片和視頻的方式來表示自己對該規(guī)定的支持.故選B.7．句意:許多中國人已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了把剩菜帶回家的習(xí)慣.

expected期望;broken違反;discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);developed發(fā)展.根據(jù)空后“thehabitoftakingleftovers(吃剩的食物)home.”可知,此處是固定搭配,developthehabitof...意為“養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣”.故選D.8．句意:引入這項(xiàng)規(guī)定的目的不是為了懲罰任何人,而是為了避免食物浪費(fèi).

punish懲罰;allow允許;invite邀請;understand理解.根據(jù)上文中的“mayfacefines(罰款)ofupto10,000yuan.”可知,此處說推行這項(xiàng)規(guī)定不是為了“懲罰”任何人,而是為了避免食物浪費(fèi).故選A.9．句意:重要的是,它是一種資源浪費(fèi).naturally自然地;similarly相似地;importantly重要地;interestingly有趣地.根據(jù)“itisawasteofresources(資源).”可知,浪費(fèi)食物不僅僅浪費(fèi)錢,“更重要的是”它浪費(fèi)資源.故選C.10．句意:創(chuàng)建一個(gè)環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)是必要的.

society社會(huì);family家庭;school學(xué)校;company公司.根據(jù)“It’snecessarytocreateanenvironmentallyfriendly...”可知,此處是說創(chuàng)建一個(gè)環(huán)境友好型“社會(huì)”是必要的.故選A.(八)Sofar,peoplehaveinventedsomanythingsthatchangedourlife.Thefirstgreat1wasonethatisstillvery2today-thewheel.Thismadeiteasierforustocarryheavythingsand3longdistances.Forhundredsofyearsafterthat,therewere4inventionsthathadasmucheffectasthewheel.Thenintheearly1800'stheworldstarted5.Therewaslittleunknownlandintheworld.Peopledidnothavetoexploremuchanymore.Theybegantoworkinordertomakelifebetter.Duringthesecondhalfofthe19thcenturymanygreatinventions6.Amongthemweretheelectriclightandtheradio.These7becameabigpartofourlifetoday.Thefirstpartofthe20thcenturysaw8greatinventions:thehelicopter(直升機(jī))in1903,movieswithsoundin1927,andjetplanesin1937.Thiswas9atimewhenanewmaterialwasfirstmade.Nyloncameoutin1935.Itchangedthekindofclothespeoplehadbeen10.1．A．invention B．food C．inventor D．a(chǎn)nimal2．A．useless B．impossible C．important D．comfortable3．A．sail B．fly C．move D．travel4．A．little B．a(chǎn)little C．few D．a(chǎn)few5．A．tochange B．tochanging C．changed D．change6．A．a(chǎn)remade B．canbemade C．hasbeenmade D．weremade7．A．both B．a(chǎn)ll C．whole D．thing8．A．much B．more C．less D．most9．A．a(chǎn)lso B．too C．either D．a(chǎn)swell10．A．wearing B．puttingon C．worn D．puton【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．C5．A6．D7．B8．B9．A10．A【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了一些重大發(fā)明.如:對我們現(xiàn)在依然很重要的偉大發(fā)明——車輪.作者還著重介紹了十九世紀(jì)下半葉及二十世紀(jì)上半葉的一些重要發(fā)明.1．句意:第一個(gè)偉大,今天仍然重要的發(fā)明是——車輪.A.發(fā)明;

B.食物;

C.發(fā)明者;

D.動(dòng)物.根據(jù)上文peoplehaveinventedsomanythingsthatchangedourlife.及后文-thewheel,故選A.2．句意:第一個(gè)偉大,今天仍然重要的發(fā)明是——車輪.A.無用的;

B.不可能的;

C.重要的;

D.舒服的.車輪的發(fā)明在今天依然重要,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),故選C.3．句意:這使得我們運(yùn)送重物及遠(yuǎn)距離旅行都更容易.A.航行;

B.飛;

C.移動(dòng);

D.旅行.根據(jù)上文提及的發(fā)明是車輪,所以該句中的主語指代wheel.A、B選項(xiàng)的出行方式和車輪無關(guān);C項(xiàng)從意思上不及D項(xiàng)合理.travellongdistances遠(yuǎn)距離旅行,故選D.4．句意:在這之后的幾百年時(shí)間里,幾乎沒有像車輪那樣大有影響的發(fā)明.little與alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞,few與afew修飾可數(shù)名詞.little與few表示否定,alittle與afew表示肯定.根據(jù)后文Thenintheearly1800'stheworldstarted5.可知“幾乎沒有像車輪那樣大有影響的發(fā)明”,故選C.5．句意:在十九世紀(jì)初期,世界開始改變.starttodo意為“開始做某事”,故選A.6．句意:在十九世紀(jì)下半葉,許多偉大的發(fā)明產(chǎn)生了.根據(jù)時(shí)間“Duringthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury”及主語是動(dòng)作承受著,可知該句用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),故選D.7．句意:這些都成為我們生活的重要部分.A.both兩者都;B.all(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上)都

C.whole整個(gè),側(cè)重一個(gè)整體;

D.thing事情,東西.these作形容詞時(shí)修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù),所以排除D.主語these指代上文提及的manygreatinventions,數(shù)量多于兩個(gè),故選B.8．句意:在二十世紀(jì)上半葉,能看到更多的偉大發(fā)明,如1903年的直升飛機(jī),1027年的有聲電影,1937年的噴氣式飛機(jī).much修飾不可數(shù)名詞;less是little的比較級(jí),修飾不可數(shù)名詞;more更多,是much/many的比較級(jí);most是是much/many的最高級(jí).根據(jù)inventions可以排除much,less,結(jié)合上下文可知這里指和十九世紀(jì)下半葉比有更多的發(fā)明,故選B.9．句意:這也是新材料初次產(chǎn)生的時(shí)期.A.also用于句中,位于助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前;B.too用于肯定句句末;C.either也,用于否定句句末;

D.aswell也,通常用于肯定句句末.根據(jù)空格位置,故選A.10．句意:它改變了人們過去一直以來的穿衣類型.puton穿上,表示動(dòng)作;wear穿著,表示狀態(tài).hadbeendoing過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).結(jié)合句意,故選A.(九)WhenIgothometheotherday,Ifoundalovelyredenvelope(信封)waitingforme.Itwasanotefromafriendofmine,congratulating(祝賀)meonmynewbook.Itwas1unexpectedandjoyful.Ina2worldwhereeveryoneistoorushedforeverything,herearesomewaysthatyoucanbeamorewonderfulhuman:RediscoversnailmailAndnotjustforlife’sbigevents.Consider3onesyoucanstickastamponandsendlovetoward.Maybesomeonelosttheirdog,andyouwanttoexpressyour4.Maybeaclassmatedidsomethingbrave,andyouwanttoshowgratefulnessorthanks.SmileanddialWhenwasthelasttimeyou5someonetowishthemahappybirthday,togetwellortosaythankyou?Textmessagesaregreat.Butwhensomeonepicksupthephone,youheartheirvoiceandcansharealaugh(orevenacry)together,andit6anemoji(表情符號(hào))anydayoftheweek.Asksomeonetheirgoals+givealittlesomethingAsksomeoneabouttheirgoalsfortheyearisaverygenerousact.Thiskindofquestiongoes7surface(表面的)conversationandleadsyoutoreallygettoknowaperson.Askjustoutofcuriosity.Besides,givethemsomethingthatmighthelpthem:abook,aconnection,orevenjustafewwordsof8.ShareyourblessingsImadeapromiseearlierthisyeartogivealittlemoneyeverymonthtocharity.I9myself