Unit4七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期講義（人教版）（原卷版）2

英語(yǔ)教學(xué)講義春季七年級(jí)【英語(yǔ)科】第7講課題：Unit4Don’teatinclass.Grammar學(xué)員姓名：_________授課教師：_________上課時(shí)間：月日Unit4Don’teatinclass.講次課題要點(diǎn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)第1講Unit1Grammar1、定冠詞the2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could3、what/which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句掌握并能熟練運(yùn)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could第2講Unit1Vocabulary1、speak/say/tell/talk2、good的短語(yǔ)3、make短語(yǔ)4、helpful/help5、show掌握并能運(yùn)用新單詞及其搭配第3講Unit2Grammar1、時(shí)刻表達(dá)法2、when和whattime3、頻率副詞掌握并能熟練運(yùn)用when和whattime、頻率副詞第4講Unit2Vocabulary1、work/job2、take/bring/get3、atweekends4、fun/funny5、too/also/aswell/either掌握并能運(yùn)用新單詞及其搭配第5講Unit3Grammar1、how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句2、howlong/far3、in/on/at4、基數(shù)詞5、It句式掌握并能熟練How引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句第6講Unit3Vocabulary1、stop短語(yǔ)2、leave短語(yǔ)3、時(shí)間名詞4、ride短語(yǔ)5、run短語(yǔ)6、cross短語(yǔ)掌握并能運(yùn)用新單詞及其搭配第7講Unit4Grammar1、祈使句2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must4、副詞also/too/either的辨析5、表示允許、禁止和不允許的?？键c(diǎn)掌握并能熟練運(yùn)用祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/must第8講

Unit4Don’teatinclass.掌握并能熟練運(yùn)用祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/must教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：祈使句，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/must，also/too/either的辨析、表示允許、禁止和不允許的?？键c(diǎn)教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：also/too/either的辨析，表示允許、禁止和不允許的?？键c(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1祈使句祈使句是表達(dá)說(shuō)話人對(duì)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求、命令、勸告、警告、號(hào)召等。因此，祈使句中一般沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，但根據(jù)其句意，實(shí)際上是省略了主語(yǔ)you。1、祈使句的肯定句。1）以系動(dòng)詞be開(kāi)頭的祈使句。這種句式的結(jié)構(gòu)是：Be動(dòng)詞＋其它成分(形容詞、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等)例如：Bequiet/quick!Beagoodstudent!Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.2）以實(shí)義動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭的祈使句。這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：行為動(dòng)詞原形＋其它成分。例如：ein,please！請(qǐng)進(jìn)！Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請(qǐng)起立。3）let句型。這種祈使句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：Let’s/letus+動(dòng)詞原形；或者是Let+賓語(yǔ)+其他。Let’splayfootball！我們一起踢足球吧！Letmehelpyou.讓我來(lái)幫你。2、祈使句的否定句。1）Don't+動(dòng)詞原形。Don'tbecareless.別粗心。Don’tbelateagain.不要再遲到。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。Don’tlookatyourbooks.不要看書(shū)。2）Let引起的祈使句的否定形式。a.Let's(Letsb.)+not+動(dòng)詞原形。Let'snotsayanythingaboutit.對(duì)于這件事，咱們什么也別說(shuō)。Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。b.Don’t+let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。Don’tletJimdothat.別讓吉姆做那事。Don’tletusgo,please.請(qǐng)不要讓我們走。3）在公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名詞/Ving形式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“禁止做某事”。例如：NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！Noparking!禁止停車！3、祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句。1）肯定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?請(qǐng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)，好嗎？Besuretowritetous,will/won’tyou?你一定要給我們寫(xiě)信，好嗎？2）否定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?別再遲到了，行不行？Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,willyou?不要在會(huì)議室抽煙，好嗎？3）以let's開(kāi)頭的祈使句反意疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我們把電視打開(kāi)，好嗎？以letus開(kāi)頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的反問(wèn)部分應(yīng)為willyou或won'tyou.例如：Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?請(qǐng)（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？4、祈使句的回答。祈使句的動(dòng)作通常是表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以回答祈使句時(shí)，一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時(shí)，要注意兩點(diǎn)：1)形式一致：即Yes與will保持一致；No與won’t保持一致。2)意思相反：即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思。在回答時(shí)，要注意分析上下文語(yǔ)境中所提供的條件。例如：－Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.請(qǐng)不要出去。外面雨下得很大。－Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行，我得去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我弟弟知識(shí)點(diǎn)2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can可以表示允許：CanIuseyourpen?Yes,ofcourseyoucan.（此處的can表允許）我可以用你的鋼筆嗎？是的，當(dāng)然可以。特別要注意can的否定形式為cannot/can't，can't是cannot的縮寫(xiě)。知識(shí)點(diǎn)3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法1.

must是“必須”的意思時(shí)，表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。例如：Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。2.must的否定用法。must的否定式是在其后直接加not，并?？s寫(xiě)成mustn't的形式，表示

“禁止”。例如：Youmustn'tmakeanynoiseinclass.上課時(shí)你們不許吵鬧。3.

表推測(cè)，暗含有很大的可能性，用在肯定句。例如：Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.他肯定是病了。他的臉色那么蒼白。4.

關(guān)于must的簡(jiǎn)短回答。例如：MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我必須馬上打掃餐廳嗎？Yes,youmust.是的。No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.不必馬上打掃。知識(shí)點(diǎn)4情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must和haveto的區(qū)別1.must與haveto的肯定用法兩詞都是“必須”的意思，haveto表示客觀的需要，must表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。例如：Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctoratmidnight.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。（客觀上需要做這件事）Hesaidthathemustworkhard.他說(shuō)他必須努力工作。（主觀上想要做這件事）2.must與haveto的否定用法must的否定式是在其后直接加not，并?？s寫(xiě)成mustn't的形式，表示

“禁止”。而haveto的否定方式，則用

don't/doesn't/didn'thaveto的形式，表示“不必”。例如：Youmustn'tmakeanynoiseinclass.上課時(shí)你們不許吵鬧。Youdon'thavetowatertheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你們不必澆花了，因?yàn)橐掠炅?。Hedoesn'thavetogotoschooltoday.他今天不必上學(xué)了。知識(shí)點(diǎn)5副詞also/too/either的辨析這三個(gè)詞均可表示“也”,其區(qū)別如下：1.

too

多用于口語(yǔ)中，語(yǔ)氣較輕，通常用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句，一般不用于否定句，且通常放在句末。如：Ilikeyou,too. 我也喜歡你。Aretheying,too? 他們也來(lái)嗎？2.

also

比

too

正式，一般也不用于否定句，它在句中的位置通常是緊靠動(dòng)詞，即(必助秦后，拾錢)。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)也放在句末(但不常見(jiàn))。如：Healsocame./Hecamealso. 他也來(lái)了。Sheisyoungandbeautiful,

andalsorich. 她年輕漂亮，而且有錢。說(shuō)明：also有時(shí)用于句首（其后通常有逗號(hào)），相當(dāng)于連詞and。如：Also,

hismotherwasdead. 再說(shuō)，他母親過(guò)世了。3.

either

通常只用于否定句，且要放在句末。如：Idon'tknow,

either. 我也不知道。Hehasn'tfinishedit,

either. 他也還沒(méi)有做完。知識(shí)點(diǎn)6表示允許、禁止或不允許的?？键c(diǎn)1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can表許可或請(qǐng)求別人的許可時(shí)，意為“可以”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，相當(dāng)于may，但may多用于正式、莊重的場(chǎng)合；can的否定形式為can't或cannot。例：Youcangonowifyoulike.如果你想走，現(xiàn)在就可以走了。Mark,canIuseyourpen?

—Mark，我能用下你的鋼筆嗎？Ofcourse.

—當(dāng)然了。

2、英文中表示禁止做某事，通常有以下一些表達(dá)方式：A.No+動(dòng)名詞例：Nosmoking.

禁止吸煙。 Noshouting.

禁止喧嘩。B.No+名詞例：Nophotos.

禁止拍照。C.

祈使句例：Don'ttouch.

請(qǐng)勿觸摸。Keepclearofthedoor.

請(qǐng)勿靠近門(mén)。D.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can't、mustn't和shouldn't例：Youcan'tparkhere.

你不能在這里停車。Youmustn'tbelateforschool.

你不能遲到。Youshouldn'tshoutinthelibrary.

你不應(yīng)該在圖書(shū)館大喊大叫。E.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例：Youaren'tallowedtosmokehere.你禁止在這里吸煙。鞏固練習(xí)Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇。1.______withfire.It’sverydangerous.A.Playing B.Play C.Don’tplay D.Doesn’tplay2．Don’t_____theradio.Thebabyissleeping.A.turnoff B.turnon C.turnover D.turndown3._____hardandyou’llmakeprogressinEnglish.A.Work B.Towork C.Working D.Worked4._____worriedaboutmeMom.I’vegrownup.A.Don’t B.Don’tbe C.Not D.Notbe5._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobe B.Don'tbe C.Notbe D.Benot6._______crosstheroaduntil（直到）thetrafficlightsturngreen.A.Not B.Won't C.Doesn't D.Don't7.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?A.willI B.willyou C.shallI D.shallwe8.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyou B.won'tyou C.shallwe D.doyou9.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bring B.brings C.tobring D.bringing10.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.Telling B.Totell C.Told D.Tell【真題鏈接】1._______onthegrass,oritwill“cry”.A.Towalk B.Nottowalk C.Walk D.Don’twalk2._______swimintheriveralone,Karen.It’stoodangerous.A.Not B.Don’t C.Doesn’t3.________alongthisstreet,andyoucanfindthehotelonyourright,nexttothemarket.A.Walk B.Towalk C.Walks D.Walking4.Daniel，_______playwiththemobilephonewhileyou’rewalkinginthestreet.A.don’t B.doesn’t C.won’t D.can’tⅡ.將以下祈使句改為否定式。1.ehereearly.________________________2.Askhim._________________________3.Pleasewaitforher.___________________________4.Readthebookcarefully.___________________________5.Situnderthetree,please._____________________________6.Let’sgotheretogether._____________________________Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?（改為祈使句）__________againmoreslowly,please.2.Let'swatchthesportsgames.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）Let'swatchthesportsgames,__________?3.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改為否定句）__________nexttoNancy.4.Don'tforgettoturnoff（關(guān)掉）thelights,please.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights,__________?5.etomyhousetomorrow.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）etomyhousetomorrow,__________?Ⅳ.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.It’sanimportantmeeting.__________(not,be)late.2.____________(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3.____________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand____________(be)polite.4.____________(not,talk)and____________(read)aloud.5.____________(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6.____________(look)out!Acarising.7.____________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.____________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Wearmoreclothesoryou____________(catch)acold.10.Let’s____________(not,say)anythingaboutit.老師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)

一、單項(xiàng)選擇（共12小題)1.Whenanearthquakehappens,Ithinkthemostimportantsafety__________istokeepcalm.A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem2.Forourownsafety,it'simportantto_________thetrafficrulesonthewaytoschool.A.follow B.change C.make D.break3.—Myrobothascaughtavirusandithasgonewrong.—_______.You'dbetterhaveitchecked.A.Don'tmentionit B.NoproblemC.I'msorrytohearthat D.That'sOK4.Suddenlythehousebegantoshake.Hestopped______musicandrushedout.A.tolisten B.listeningto C.hearing D.tosound5.It'spossibletoget$100adayinthispany,andsomedaysyoucanget________.A.much B.more C.little D.fewer6.______thisyellowjacketthereand________methatblueone.A.Take;take B.Take;bring C.Bring;take D.Bring;bring7.——Jack,_________gotobedtoolate!You__________gotoschooltomorrow.—OK,mum.A.must;can B.don't;haveto C.can't;haveto D.don'thaveto;must8.Thegirl________learn________thepianoontheweekend.A.haveto;play B.haveto;toplay C.hasto;play D.hasto;toplay9.Wemustlistentotheteachers__________.A.afterclass B.intheclass C.onclass D.inclass10.—Doyou________Englishbookseverymorning?—Yes,Iwanttoimprove(改善)meEnglish.A.watch B.see C.lookat D.read11.Youcandolotsofthingsinasciencemuseum,butyou_______obeytherules.A.can B.may C.haveto D.could12.Youmustmakesureyourteaisnottoohot________youdrinkit.A.before B.after C.since D.while二、完形填空Wehavemanyrules(規(guī)則)atourschool.Someofthemaregoodforus.Butwe1someoftheschoolrules.Firstofall,wecan't2duringschoolhours.Ithinkthat'sagoodrude,becauseitkee