熱點(diǎn)05閱讀理解之名著閱讀-2023年中考英語專練(原卷版)

熱點(diǎn)05閱讀理解之名著閱讀熱點(diǎn)（解析版）（建議用時(shí)：30分鐘）閱讀理解題命題旨在考查學(xué)生通過閱讀，來獲取信息、分析信息和處理信息的能力，包括歸納概括題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題（含寫作意圖、目的等），詞義猜想題等。所選題材涉及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史、地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)等方面，體裁豐富如記敘文、說明文、新聞報(bào)道、廣告通知、操作說明、表格型等。

一、通讀全?，抓兩個(gè)重點(diǎn)：1、看?段(主題句、核?概念常在第?段，常在?段出題)。2、其他各段的段?和段尾句。(其他部分略讀，有重點(diǎn)的讀)?、抓住中?，??分半時(shí)間思考3個(gè)問題：1、?章敘述的主要內(nèi)容是什么?2、?章中有?提到核?概念?3、作者的?致態(tài)度是什么?三、仔細(xì)審題，返回原?。(仔細(xì)看題?，把每道題和原?的某處建?聯(lián)系，掛起鉤等）1、定位原則通常是由題?出發(fā)，使?尋找關(guān)鍵詞定位原則。(關(guān)鍵詞：?寫字母、地名、時(shí)間、數(shù)字等)。2、?然段定位原則：出題的順序與??的順序是基本?致的，?般每段對(duì)應(yīng)?題。要樹?定位意識(shí)，每?題、每?選項(xiàng)都要回到原?中某?處定位。3、題?返回原?：判斷四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，抓住選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，把選項(xiàng)定位到原?的某處?較，重疊選項(xiàng)，選出答案。4、逆向推理原則：檢查時(shí)要給你自己選?個(gè)答案的理由和其余三個(gè)不選的理由。名著閱讀、醫(yī)療科技、藝人直播帶貨，環(huán)境保護(hù)等請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。一、2022年鹽城市中考英語閱讀理解Hewasanoldmanwhofishedaloneinaboatandhehadgoneeighty﹣fourdaysnowwithouttakingafish.Inthefirstfortydaysaboyhadbeenwithhim.Butafterfortydayswithoutafish，theboy'sparentshadtoldhimthattheoldmanwasnowexactlyandfinallysalao，whichistheworstformofunlucky，andtheboyhadgoneattheirordersinanotherboatwhichcaughtthreegoodfishthefirstweek.Itmadetheboysadtoseetheoldmaneineachdaywithhisboatemptyandbealwayswentdowntohelphimcarryfishingtools.Theoldmanwasthinwithdeepwrinkles（皺紋）inthebackofhisneck.Hishandshadthedeepscars（疤）fromdealingwithheavyfish.Butnoneofthesescarswerefresh.Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyesandtheywerethesamecolourastheseaandwerecheerfulandfullofconfidence."Santiago，"theboysaidtohimastheyclimbedfromthebankwheretheboatwaspulledup."Icouldgowithyouagain.We'vemadesomemoney."Theoldmanhadtaughttheboytofishandtheboylovedhim."No."theoldmansaid."You'rewithaluckyboat.Staywiththem.""Butrememberhowyouwenteighty﹣sevendayswithoutfishandthenwecaughtbigoneseverydayforthreeweeks.""Iremember，"theoldmansaid."Iknowyoudidnotleavemewillingly.""Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustdowhathetoldmeto.""Iknow."theoldmansaid."Iquiteunderstandthat.""Hehasn'tmuchfaith（信念）.""No."theoldmansaid."Butwehave.Haven'twe？""Yes."theboysaid."CanIofferyouabeerontheTerraceandthenwe'lltakethefishingtoolshome？""Whynot？"theoldmansaid."Betweenfishermen."TheysatontheTerraceandmanyofthefishermenmadefunoftheoldmanandhewasnotangry.Someotherolderfishermenlookedathimandweresad.Buttheydidn'tshowitandtheyspokepolitelyaboutthesea，theweatherandofwhattheyhadseen.HowmanydaysdidtheoldmangofishingwiththeboyaccordingtoParagraph1？A.Forty.B.Forty﹣four.C.Eighty﹣four.D.Eighty﹣seven.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"referto？A.Theboywouldleavehimsoonerorlater.B.Theboyhadtolistentohisparentsandlefthim.C.Hecouldn'tcatchfishbecausehewastooold.D.Hecouldn'tsucceedwithouttheboy'ssupport.3.Whatistherightorderofthestoryabouttheboyinthepassage？①Theoldmancaughtsomebigfishwiththeboy.②Theoldmantaughttheboyhowtofishonthesea.③Theboywantedtogofishingwiththeoldmanagain.④Theboyhelpedtheoldmantakethefishingtoolshome.A.①④③②B.②①③④C.②③④①D.③④①②4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphofthestory？A.Theoldmanlikedtomakefunofotherfishermen.B.Theoldmanoftenprovidedbeerforotherfishermen.C.Allfishermenlaughedattheoldmanexcepttheboy.D.Somefishermenfeltsadfortheoldmanandtriedtohelphim.5.Fromthestorywecanknowthattheoldmanwas_________.A.amanwhooftenshowedoffB.amanwhonevergaveupC.amanwhosometimesgotangryD.amanwhoseldomstayedcalm二、2021年揚(yáng)州市樹人中學(xué)一模閱讀理解Idecidedtoexploretheislandandsetoffcautiously（謹(jǐn)慎地）sothatIwasnotattacked.Ifoundaroadwithtracksofhumanfeetaswellasofcowsandhorses.Suddenly，Isawsomestrangedisgustingcreatures（生物）withlonghair.Theyweredirtyandsmelly.Theywantedtoattackme，butsuddenlyallofthemranawaywhenagreyhorsecameclose.Later，anotherlargehorsearrivedandtheybegantalkingaboutme.TheymadehorseysoundswhichwereonlyunderstoodbythemselvesandkeptcheckingmeandtouchingmyclothesandbodyIheardtheword"Yahoo"intheirconversationagainandagain.Icouldrememberthatthesehorseswerereallyintelligent（聰明）astheymunicatedinalogical（合乎邏輯的）manner.Thehorsesshowedthattheywantedtotakemesomewhere.SoIfollowedthemtoalargewoodenbuilding.Tomysurprise，thereweren'tanyhumansbuthorsesinside.Again，whentheyspokeaboutme，theword"Yahoo"wasrepeatedmanytimes.Onehorsetookmeoutside.Heretherewerethreeofthesmellycreatureswhotriedtoattackmeearlier.ThehorseputmeneatthecreaturesandIrealizedthatitwantedtoparemewiththem.AtfirstIfeltinsulted（侮辱的）tobeparedwiththesedirtyones.ButwhenIlookedcloser，Idiscoveredthattheywereexactlylikeme_______.ThecreaturesweretheYahoos，whichmeanhumanslikeme.However，whatthehorsesdidn'tunderstandwaswhyIwassosimilartothemhorses.EvenIdidn'twanttoassociate（混在一起）withthesecreatures.IimmediatelyunderstoodthatIpreferredthepanyofhorses.WhatdidIthinkofthehorses？A.Theyweredirtyandsmelly.B.Theywereafraidofme.C.Theywereintelligentenoughtomunicatewitheachother.D.Theywantedtokillmeforfood.2.Whatdoestheword"disgusting"meaninthepassage？A.horribleB.gentleC.intelligentD.wonderful3.Whichofthefollowingsentenceissuitablefortheblank？A.Thesecreatureswouldbeattackedbythehorses.B.Thecreaturesandthehorsesweresurelythesame.C.Thesedirtyandsmellycreaturesweremyownkind.D.Thehorseswouldprotectmefromattacks.4.WhydidIsay"Ipreferredthepanyofhorses"？A.Becausethenumberofhorseswerelargerthanthoseoftheothercreatures.B.Becausesomehorseswouldlookaftertheyounginagentleway.C.Becausethehorsesaremoregood﹣lookingthantheothercreatures.D.BecausehorsesaremoreintelligentandIfeltsafertostaywiththem.三、2022年無錫市東林教育集團(tuán)九年級(jí)期末英語閱讀理解Itisdark.Holmes，LestradeandImovetowardsthehouse."Let'swaithere，"Holmessays."Wecanhidebehindtheserocks.Watson，gotothehouseandseewhattheyaredoing.Makesuretheydon'tseeyou."Ihidebehindawall.IcanseeMr.StapletonandSirHenrysittingatatable.Then，Stapletonleavestheroomandwalkstoashedintheyard.Heopensthedoorandthereisastrangenoisefrominside.Afteraminutehelocksthedoorandgoesbackintothehouse.IhurrybacktoreporteverythingtoLestradeandHolmes.Thereisnowathickwhitefogoverthemoor."Thefogisgettingthicker，"saysHolmes."Thisisveryserious﹣SirHenrymustgohomesoon."Suddenly，wehearfootsteps.TheygetcloserandweseeSirHenrywalkingtowardsusthroughthefog.Then，wehearsomething.Aterribleanimalappears.Itisahugeblackhound.Thereisfireingfromitsmouthanditshugeeyesareglowing.ThehoundrunsafterSirHenry.HolmesandIbothfireourguns.Wehititbutthehounddoesn'tstop.ItjumpsonSirHenryandpusheshimtotheground.Holmespointshisgunandshootsthehoundfivetimes.Thegianthoundisdead.SirHenryislyingonthepath.Werumtohimandfindheisalive.Iputmyhandonthehound'sglowingfaceandfindmyownfingersglowinthedark."Phosphorous（含磷的），"Isay.WewalktowardsMerripitHousetosearchforStapleton.Inthehousewedon'tfindhim，butwefindMrs.Stapletontiedupinabedroom.Weuntieher.WhensheknowsSirHenryisaliveandthehoundisdead，shecries，"ThankGod!""Nowwehaveproof，weneedStapleton."saysHolmes.Whendidthestoryhappen？A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.D.Intheafternoon.2.WhatdoesWatsonseeStapletondointheyard？A.Hetakesthehoundforawalkintheyard.B.Helooksaroundthemoorwithatelescope.C.HedrinksandtalkswithSirHenryhappily.D.Heopensasheddoorandlocksitagainsoon.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"referto？A.SirHenryandthehound.B.SirHenry'sfootsteps.C.MrStapletonandthehound.D.MrStapleton'sfootsteps.4.Whatdoyouthinkwillhappennextinthenovel？A.Mr.StapletonwilltellHolmeswhathehasdone.B.SirHenrywillbeindangerafterreturninghome.C.Mrs.StapletonwilltakeustosearchforStapleton.D.HolmeswilltalkabouttheBaskervillecaseatonce.四、2022年鹽城市大豐區(qū)中考英語一模閱讀理解Whatmakesagoodreader？YoucanfindtheanswerinReadersClub.Today，wehavesomebooksforyou.eandjointhefun!TheOldManandtheSeawonthePulitzerPrizeforfictionin1953.Ayearlater，HemingwaywontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.TheOldManandtheSeaisgenerallyconsideredbymanytobehisgreatestachievement.Theleadingcharacterinthisbookisapersonwhocanfacedifficultiesandnevergiveup.Hardback（精裝本）￥21.70Paperback（簡(jiǎn)裝本）￥16.00Heart，writtenbyEdmondoDeAmicisfromItaly，isadiaryofanItalianboyEric.Inhisdiary，hewritesaboutthegreatestloveintheworld：loveforthenation，forthesociety，andalsoteachers'love，classmates'love，parents'love，children'slove.Hardback￥27.20Paperback￥16.40PeterPan，createdbyScottishnovelistandplaywrightJ.M.Barrie.PeterPanisayoungboywhocanflyandnevergrowsup.Hespendshisnever﹣endingchildhoodhavingadventures（冒險(xiǎn)）onthemythicalislandofNeverlandastheleaderoftheLostBoys，playinghappilywithchildrenbothinsideandoutsideNeverland.Hardback￥22.70Paperback￥14.60CelebrityBiography，alsoknownas"ThreeGiants"，writtenbyRomainRolland，aboutthreegreatmenindifferentfields：Beethoven，MichelangeloandLeoTolstoy.Theyallsufferedalotinbodyandspirit，butneverlostconfidence.Hardback￥26.20Paperback￥15.80Clubmemberswillgetadiscount（折扣）of10%forhardbackbooksand20%forpaperbackbooks.Ifyoubuyanyofthetwohardbackbooks，e﹣bookswillbefreeforyou.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribethetopicofthebookHeart？A．Success.B．Love.C．Adventure.D．Fear.2.WhatcanwelearnfromthebooksTheOldManandtheSeaandCelebrityBiography？A．Thevalueofthefriendship.B．Theimportanceoflearning.C．Theadvantageoftheteamwork.D．Thespiritofnevergivingup.3.Asaclubmember，whichbookscanyoubuywith40yuantogetfreee﹣books？A．TwohardbackbooksHeartandCelebrityBiography.B．AhardbackbookHeartandapaperbackbookPeterPan.C．TwohardbackbooksTheOldManandtheSeaandPeterPan.D．TwopaperbackbooksTheOldManandtheSeaandCelebrityBiography.五、2022年泰州市中考英語閱讀理解Ancientartdoesn'thavetobeboring.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringittolifebybining（融合）thebestoftheoldandthenew.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalWalkingintotheChinaPavilionatExpo2010inShanghai，peoplewereamazedbyseeingahugedigital（數(shù)碼的）painting.Scientistsdigitised（數(shù)碼化）thefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalbyChineseartistZhangZeduan.Theoriginal（原先的）paintingshowslifeduringtheNorthernSongperiodanditincludesmanydetailsofancientChinesecustoms，lifestylesandtechnology._____Farmersworkinthefields，sailorsmovearoundtheirboatsandpeopleeatanddobusinessinrestaurants.Partsofthebackgroundarealsoanimated（做成動(dòng)畫）.Youcanseethewindblowingthroughthetreesandacrossthewater.Theseanimationsperfectlybinemoderntechnologyandancientart.Digitaltechnologyallowstoday'sartiststoexpresstheirideasinwaysthatancientartistswouldnotbelievepossible.Techniquessuchasanimationand3Ddigitalprojection（投影）makeartealive.DunhuangCavePaintingsDunhuangCaves，whichareprotectedancienttreasuresintheGobidesertinNorthwestChina，arefilledwithpaintingsandsculptureswithlastingvalue.Thisartworkwascreatedoveraperiodofaround1，000years.Thegoodnewsisforartloverswhocannottravelandforthecaves.Scientistshavecreateda360﹣degree，3Ddigitalprojectionofthecaves，whichmakestheartworkealive.Thereisalsoafunction（功能）thatletsviewerszoominandenjoythepaintingsandsculpturesingreaterdetail.Digitisingancientartallowsustoexploretheancientpractices.Italsomakesthewholeworldunderstandtheartwhileprotectingtheoriginalartworksforthefuture.1.Fromthepassage，wecanknowthat__________.A.bothofthetwoartworksuse3DdigitalprojectionB.ancientartallowspeopletoexplorethemoderntechnologyC.peoplecan'tgotoDunhuangtoenjoypaintingsandsculpturesnowD.thedigitalpainting，AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalwascreatedbyZhangZeduan2.Whichsentencemaybethebesttofillinthe"_____"？A.Inthedigitalpainting，alotofthesedetailsareanimated.B.Inthedigitalpainting，alotofthesescenesarewellknown.C.Inthedigitalpainting，moredetailsoftheartcanbeenjoyed.D.Inthedigitalpainting，manydifferentstylesofartcanbeseen.3.Theunderlinedphrase"zoomin"means__________inChinese.A.使（鏡頭）抬高B.使（鏡頭）拉近C.使（鏡頭）俯視D.使（鏡頭）遠(yuǎn)離4.Fromthepassage，wecaninfer（推斷）that_________.A.studyingancientartasmuchaspossibleisverynecessaryB.goodartmustbinemoderntechnologyandancientartC.protectingtheancientartworksismoreimportantthandevelopingtechnologyD.morevaluableancientartworkswillbeprotectedbetterwithtechnologyinthefuture5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage？A.EnjoyingAncientArtB.ProtectingModernTechnologyC.DigitisingAncientArtD.UnderstandingModernTechnology六、2023年中考英語模擬考試閱讀理解1China'sShenzhou﹣13crewmembers，ZhaiZhigang，WangYapingandYeGuangfulivestreamed（直播）thefirstsciencelecturefromthecountry'sspacestationonThursday，December9，2021，whichamazedmanystudentsontheearth.Allcrewmembersgreetedstudents，teachersandotherparticipantswhenthelecturestarted.Theyshowedviewershowtheylivedandworkedinsidethespacestation，whichcurrentlyincludesacoremodule（核心艙），aspacecraftandtworoboticcargospaceships.Theastronautsshowedtheirexerciseequipmentandaspeciallydesignedpacesuitandconducteddemonstrations（演示）onphysicalphenomena（現(xiàn)象）inmicrogravity，suchas"disappearingbuoyancy（浮力）"anda"waterball".Ye，whoisonhisfirstspaceflight，showedhowherotated（旋轉(zhuǎn)）hisbodyintheweightlessenvironment.Theastronautsalsoansweredquestionsfromstudentsduringthelecture.TensofmillionsofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsacrossChinawatchedthetelevisedeventhostedbytheChinaMannedSpaceAgency，theMinistryofEducationandothergovernmentdepartments.ItwasthefirstlectureoftheTiangongClass，China'sfirstextraterrestrial（外顯的）lectureseriestopopularizepacescience.Morelectureswillbeheldbasedonthecountry'smannedspaceflightsandwillalsobepresentedbyChineseastronauts.theMannedSpaceAgencysaid.Suchactivitiesaimtospreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsandsparkenthusiasm（熱情）forscienceamongyoungpeople.ShiYi，aphysicsteacherfromTianjin，saidthespacelecturewasaneye﹣openingexperiencethatwoulddevelopstudents'interestinscience.WangYishan，afifth﹣gradestudentattheBeijingNo.101MiddleSchool，said，"Theastronauts'experimentsreallyinterestedandsurprisedme.Ihavegreatinterestinspaceflightandwouldliketotakepantinourcountry'sspaceexplorationprograminthefuture."VincentWongWai﹣shing，headmasterofHongkong'sPuiKiuCollege，saidtheeventgaveHongKongstudentsachancetomunicatewiththeastronautswhiledevelopingtheirinterestinspaceandscience."Italsohelpedtostrengthentheirsenseofnationalidentity（民族認(rèn)同）astheysawtherapidprogressofourcountry'sspacetechnology，"hesaid.1..Whatisthespacestationmadeupofatpresent？A.Acoremodule，aspacecraftandtworoboticcargospaceships.B.Acoremodule，awaterball，andtworoboticcargospaceshipsC.Acoremodule，aspacecraftandaspeciallydesignedspacesuit.D.Aexerciseequipment，awaterballanddisappearingbuoyancy2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"microgravity"inParagraph3meaninChinese？A.微軟 B.微循環(huán) C.微生物 D.微重力3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthepurposeofholdingmorelecturesonChina'smannedspaceflight？①Itwillspreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflights.②Itwillamazestudentsontheearth.③Itwillignitestudents'interestinscience.④Itwillsparkenthusiasmforscienceamongyoungpeople.A.①②③B.①②③④C.①③④D.②③④4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Thespacelecturereducedstudents'interestinscienceandastronauts.B.HongKongstudentswouldliketotakepartinspaceexplorationprograminthefuture.C.TheeventgaveVincentWongWai﹣shingachancetomunicatewiththeastronaut.D.TheeventisoneofChina'sfirstextraterrestriallectureseries.七、2023年中考英語模擬考試閱讀理解2ThemusicbandColdplayistakingactionstoprotecttheenvironment.Thisincludesusingtheirfans'energytohelpprovideelectricityfortheirperformances.Inthisway，theyuseelectricitywithoutaddingcarbongases（碳?xì)怏w）totheair.ThebandhopestocuttheamountofCO2givenoutbyitsbusinessactivitiesby50percent.TheColdplaystarshaveaddedspecialdancefloorsandenergy﹣storingbicyclestotheirlatestworldtourperformance.Thepurposeistogetfanstohelpproduceelectric