第07講 構(gòu)詞法（練習(xí)）

第07講構(gòu)詞法目錄01模擬基礎(chǔ)練【題型一】形容詞后綴的考查【題型二】副詞后綴的考查【題型三】名詞后綴的考查【題型四】動詞后綴的考查【題型五】前綴的考查02重難創(chuàng)新練03真題實戰(zhàn)練用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空題型一形容詞后綴的考查1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·階段練習(xí)）Sofar,ShaolinKungfuhasbecomeawindowofChineseculturetotheworld,whichalsoturnsShaolinTempleintothemost(influence)“holyland”ofmartialartsintheworld.2.（23-24高三·重慶·期中）Thecity’staskcentersonthebeliefthatits(star)skieshavethepotentialtoinjectenergyintotheconventionaltourism.3.（24-25高三·吉林長春·期末）Bornin1587,XuXiakegrewupinarichfamily.Yetherejectedthe___（comfort)lifetotravelthelostworldofimperialChina.4.（23-24高三·廣東·階段練習(xí)）Today,theseyellowedpiecesofmailhavebecomea(nation)culturaltreasure.5.（2024·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）AsChinahasmorethan297millionpeople(age)60andover,accordingtothelateststatistics,thisdayhasgrowninpopularityovertheyears.6.（23-24高三·湖北·階段練習(xí)）SoitgoesinChina,whereteais(day)necessity.7.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）Nowadays,muttonhotpothasbecomeoneofthefavoritecuisinesoftheChinese,with(technology)developmentinmuttonproductionallowingforyear-roundsuppliesoffreshmeatacrossthecountry.8.（23-24高三·河南鄭州·階段練習(xí)）Whetherduetoitslonghistoryorthestrong(decorate)effect,silkflowerswerecommonaccessoriesoftheancientwomen.9.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）Thetraytableis(adjust),sothatpassengersseatedatdifferentheightsareabletouseit.10.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三試題）OntheeastbankofChaohu,China’sfifth-largestfreshwaterlake,restsa(mystery)ancient“kingdom”ofjadecalledLingjiatan.題型二副詞后綴的考查1.（2024·江蘇泰州·模擬預(yù)測）Movingforward,we’llgrasptheopportunitiestoremainattheforefrontofBRI’sjointconstructionandprovidemoretop-levelgreenenergy(global).”（2024·浙江·二模）Itisbelievedthatbyarrangingthings(appropriate),onecanharonizetheenergiesofthenaturalworld.3.（2024·遼寧六校聯(lián)考）Apartfromthis,existingexamplesofancientChinesearchitecturearealso(wide)praisedforitselegantoutlinesandvariousfeatures,suchasoverhangingeaves(屋檐),upturnedroofcorners,anddifferentshapesofroofs.4.（2023高三·河北秦皇島·階段練習(xí)）“Onewhoholdsofficeshouldpooltheideasandwisdomofthepeopleand_________(extensive)drawonallwell-intendedandusefulviews,”wroteZhugeLianginhisarticle,“InstructionstoSubjectsandOfficials.”5.（23-24·山東·階段練習(xí)）Theboatcomesout(magnificent),anditsshapeandfeaturesaredistinctiveofthenorthofFujianprovince.6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In2005,thepatternwas(successful)selectedasthesymbolofChina’sculturalheritagetoshowcasetheancientChinesepeople’swisdomandaspirations.7.（2024·山東·模擬預(yù)測）Itwasalso(extraordinary)popularamongmanyroyalfamiliesoftheQingDynasty.8.（23-24高三·河南鄭州·階段練習(xí)）Silkflowersaretheflowers(typical)madewithsilk,satinandotherhigh-gradefabrics.9.(2024·湖南高三模擬)(basic),medicalincensecankillbacteriaintheenvironment,protectingpeopleagainstinfections.(2024·云南師大附中高三模擬)Saint-Exupérywroteanddrewon(extreme)thinpaper,whichmadethetaskoftransportingthepagesofthemanuscriptevenmorechallenging.題型三名詞后綴的考查1.（2024·浙江嘉興·模擬預(yù)測）UnlikeQingzhi,WanYue,amotheroftwo,becameahanfu(enthusiasm)forthesenseofcommunity.2.（23-24高三·安徽·階段練習(xí)）Ithasalsofacilitatedthe(adopt)ofcleanenergyinAfrica,helpingitavoidthepollutionassociatedwithWesternindustrialization.3.（2024·湖北十堰·模擬預(yù)測）Haveyoueverexperiencedoneoftheearliestmovies?Itboastsstar-studdedensembles(樂團),undergoesrapidtransformationsintheblinkofaneye,andevenincludesspecialeffects,musicand(perform),allwithouttheaidofmachinesorcomputers.4.（2024·湖南·一模）Startyour(explore)fromSichuanCuisineMuseum,enjoydifferentaspectsofSichuancuisine,satisfyyourcuriosityandtastebudsandexperienceallfunfor“PlayingwithChuancais”.5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中學(xué)模擬）NowasHangzhouhasgrabbedtheworld'sattention,touristsfromvariousplaceshavegatheredtothisheavenlycitytoenjoyitsslowlifetempoandbeautifulnatural__(surround).（23-24·湖南長沙·雅禮中學(xué)模擬）InsomepartsofChina,thisceremonyisexperiencinga____(revive).7.（24-25高三·吉林長春·期末）“Onthesurface,Xu'stravelcanneitherbeclassifiedasgreataffairsofstatenorgreatundertakingsthatchangedthecourseofhistory.”writestheculturalhistorianZhengPeikai.“Xutraveledtosatisfyhisown______(curious)—hetraveledforthesakeoftraveling.”8.（23-24·山東·階段練習(xí)）DuringtheearlyhoursoftheLanternFestival,about60to70villagersgathertoburnthemidnightoilatthelocalancestralhalltofinishthemakingofthegiantboat,whichisabout6to8meterslongand3to4metersin(high),inonego.9.（23-24高三·廣東珠?！るA段練習(xí)）It’sbelievedthatrecognizingtheculturalvalueofthecustommattersinthe____(promote)ofChinesetraditions.10.（23-24高三·山東威?！るA段練習(xí)）Itisjustoneexampleofancientworksofartthatnotonlytellsthe(wise)ofourancestors,butalsoisawitnesstothepursuitofbeautybyChinesecraftsmenthroughoutcenturies.題型四動詞后綴的考查1．Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurface,doexercisesto(strength)yourlegmuscles.2．Knowingsometipswillhelp(sure)thatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.3．Forabeginnerofsports,itishighlyrecommendablethatthetimefortraining(length)littlebylittle.4．Thelocalelephantpopulation(threat)bypoachinguntilstricterlawenforcementwasimplemented.5．Fieldsofflowers,tile-roofedvillagesandtastymeals(rich)thiswonderfulexperience.題型五前綴的考查1.（2024·湖北十堰·模擬預(yù)測）Thechallengeofmasteringthismillennia-oldtechniquewithinsuchashorttimeinitiallyseemedlikemission(possible).2．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·階段練習(xí)）Ishallneverforgetwatchingthesunriseoverthesea-itwas(forget)!3．Manystars,whichareoutofthesolarsystem,are(visible)withoutatelescope.4．Ifoneislateforajobinterview,itis(likely)thathewillgetthejob.5．Heisagoodteacherwhoneverexpressestheleast(patience)withslowlearners.6．Itis(legal)toemploysomeoneundertheageofsixteen.題型一閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（運用構(gòu)詞法理解文中加黑字）TheUSInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineers(IEEE)recentlyaskedscientists,lawyers,socialscientistsandotherexpertstoconsidersomeoftheseethicaldimension.Togivetwoexamples:onprivacy,asweletmorelisteningdevicesintoourhomes,howdowepreventthedatatheycollectfallingintothewronghandsthroughhacking(黑客)orsimplybeingsoldbetweencompanieswithoutusreceivinganymoney?Anotherexample:mixedreality,includingvirtualreality,willbecomepervasiveinthenextfewyears.AswemovefromheadsetstowhattheIEEEcommitteedescribesas“moredelicatesensoryenhancements”wewillusetechnologytoliveinanillusoryworldinmanyaspectsofourlives.Howdowebalancetherightsoftheindividual,controloverourvirtualidentity,andtheneedtoliveandinteractonaface-to-facebasiswhilebeingempoweredtoliverichlivesinmixedreality?Thereis,ofcourse,alwaysatensionbetweeninnovationandregulation.Butitcanoftenseemthatgiantstepsaretakenintechnologywithminimalpublicdiscussion.Taketheself-drivingcar:althoughitmaybesaferthanhumandriversandislikelytosavemorethanamillionlivesayearworldwide,itwillalsotakejobsfromdrivers,trafficpolice,sign-makers,car-repaircompanies,carmakersandmore.Isthisabargainwewanttomake?Intakingthatdecision,havewegiventhoughttoacarthatknowseverywherewego,decidesroutes,perhaps,basedonpaidadvertisementfromshopsalongtheway—andlistensandseeseverythingwedoonboard?Whatwillhappentothatdataandcanitbekeptsafe?Additionally,whilesomeworryabouttheuncommon“trolleyproblem”ofwhomthecarshouldchoosetohitinastrangeaccident—anoldladyoramotherandbaby—perhapsthemorefrequentissuewillbehowwefindoutwhatthealgorithm(運算程序)wasthinkingatthetimeofanaccident,becauseAIs(ArtificialIntelligence)areself-learninganddevisetheirownstrategies.

Similarconcernsareemergingovertheinternetofthings.Robotvacuum-cleanersalreadyplotcleaningcyclesusingcomputer-aidedvisionthat,forsomemodels,isrelayedtotheirmanufacturers.Asmorethingsathomebecomeconnected,theywillbehackableandthedatatheycollectsaleable.It’stimeforsomemessy,democraticdiscussionsaboutthefutureofAI.1．Twoexamplesinparagraph1areusedto________.A．shedsomelightonhackinginourmodernlifeB．leadthereadertothinkofethicalissuesbroughtbyhi-techC．leadinthefollowingexampleconcerningtheself-drivingcarD．listtheexistingproblemsthatcaughttheattentionofexperts2．Theword“pervasive”inparagraph1probablymeans“________”.A．intelligent B．powerful C．widespread D．skillful3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．innovationshouldbeaccompaniedbyguidelinestorelievetensionB．moregiantinnovativestepswillleadtofewerpublicdiscussionC．disadvantagesoftheself-drivingcarwilloutweighitsadvantagesD．a(chǎn)rtificialintelligencefailstohaveapromisingandbrightfuture4．Inthepassage,theauthorintendsto________.A．exposesomeunderlyingproblemsinhigh-technologyB．callonprofessionalstoenforcelawandorderC．illustrateAI’sabilitiesinself-devisingandself-learningstrategiesD．displayourinter-connectedcomputer-aidedlifeinfuture題型二語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（23-24高三·山東濟南·開學(xué)考試）Silk,akindoflight,delicateandsoftfabric,haspusheditswaythroughoutChina’shistory.Onecannotbecertainofitsorigin,buttheancientChinesepeoplecreditedtheirownwisdom5Leizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor,asthe6(invent)ofsericulture(養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)).Amongthevariousstylesandmaterialsofsilk,NanjingYunjinisafancyfabricoften7(use)forroyalcostumes,representingChina’shighestlevelofsilkknitting(編織)technique.Yunjinisbestmadebyhandinacomplexprocedure,8consistsofmorethanahundredsteps.Eventhemostskilledcraftsmencanonlyknitafewcentimetersaday.Time,patience9skillfulnessallplaycriticalrolesinitsrarebeauty.IntheWesternHanDynasty,explorerZhangQian10(open)uptheroutestothewesternregions.Silk,11(play)acriticalroleintheancientroutes,beautifiedcountriesinCentralAsiaandthenotherpartsofEurasiaandbeyond.InthehandsofChineseartists,the12(thin)threadscanknitenormouspossibilities,andthesoftestmaterialcanpassthroughthousandsofyears.Asoneofthemany13(wonder)ofancientChina,silkisnotmerelyatypeoffabric.Itisaculturalsymbolaswellas14expressionofelegance.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳答案。1.（2024年1月浙江卷閱讀理解C篇）OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm(花暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary’ssouthernsuburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears“Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotecttheCalgary-Edmontonurbanareafromhail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey’reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbecousingdrought.”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.”O(jiān)nedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龍卷風(fēng))formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.8.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?A.Conservemoistureinthesoil. B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms. D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.9.Whoareopposedtotheproject?A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta. B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.C.Provincialgovernmentofficials. D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton10.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.C.Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.D.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.2.（2023年新高考II卷閱讀理解D篇）Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(編碼)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“l(fā)isteningtowaves.”Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteri