考向9人與自我之健康-2022年中考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)突破

專題二：人與自我備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)突破考向9人與自我之健康Passage1（2021·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）Asweallknow,ifapersonisn’tingoodhealth,heorshecan’tstudyorworkwell,orlivefortably.Stayinghealthyisoneofthemostimportantgoalsineveryone’slife.Duringthepastoneandahalfyears,theCOVID19pandemichasledmanypeopletopaymoreattentiontotheirhealth.Exercisingisanexcellentwaytokeephealthy.Sowhatarethemostpopularactivities?Whataredifferentpeople’sfavourites?Andwhataresomefactors(因素)holdingpeoplebackfromphysicalfitness?Here’stheresultofarecentsurveyonpeople’sexercise.Top6popularactivitiesDifferentfavouritesWhat’sstoppingpeoplefromexerciseRunning57.3%Walking51.5%Cycling36.6%Playingballgames25.8%Swimming25.0%Hiking21.6%Bornafter2000BallgamesBornin1990sYogaNoprofessionaltraining42.9%Notime33.2%Notexercisefacilities23.9%Bornin1980sSwimmingBornin1970sWalking1．Whatkindofactivitymaya15yearoldstudentprobablylikebest?A．Ballgames. B．Swimming. C．Walking. D．Yoga.2．If2,000peopletookpartinthesurvey,howmanypeoplewouldthink“Notime”isthemainfactorinstoppingthemfromexercise?A．429. B．664. C．478. D．332.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Youngpeoplebornin1980slikeYogamost.B．Playingballgamesislesspopularthanswimming.C．Mostpeoplethinktheydon’texercisebecauseofnofacilities.D．Thesurveyisbasedonthreequestionsaboutpeople’sexercise.【答案】1．A2．B3．D【分析】本文是一個(gè)有關(guān)人們鍛煉的調(diào)查結(jié)果，結(jié)果顯示了前6種受歡迎的活動(dòng)是什么，不同人群都喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)，以及有哪些因素阻礙了人們的身體健康。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bornafter2000”及“Ballgames”可知，15歲的孩子是2000年后出生的，他們喜歡球類運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Notime33.2%”可知，如果是2000人參與調(diào)查，那么“沒有時(shí)間”是阻止他們運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要因素的人數(shù)是：2000x33.2%=664，故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Sowhatarethemostpopularactivities?Whataredifferentpeople’sfavourites?Andwhataresomefactors(因素)holdingpeoplebackfromphysicalfitness?”可知，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查基于三個(gè)關(guān)于人們鍛煉的問題，D表述正確，故選D。Passage2（2021·廣西百色·中考真題）Whenyoufeelasneeze（噴嚏）orcoughingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadofgerms（細(xì)菌）.Youprobablyknewthat.Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.Youmightusetissues（紙巾）,andputyourusedtissuesintothebin.“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”Thedoctorsadvised.“Ifsomebodysneezesintohishands,thosegermswillbepassedontootherpeople,orotherobjectsthatpeopletouch.”saidDr.Hill.Germsaremostmonlyspreadbysneezingandcoughing.Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassedfromhandstothingslikebills,doorknobs（扶手）,liftbuttonsandothersurfaces.Atthesametime,thepeoplearoundyoucantouchthem.“Thesuggestionwastakenseriouslyabout10yearsago.However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Thatmeanstheadultsmayhavemissedtheadvice.Butchildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughorsneeze.”Dr.Benjaminsaid.Tobeclear,peoplecan'tkeepawayfromalltherisksinthisway,butit'sthebestchoice.Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”Dr.Hillsaid.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。4．Accordingtothispassage,whensneezingorcoughing,you'dbetternot________.A．sneezeintoyourelbow B．coveryourmouthwithtissuesC．useyourhandtocoveryourmouth D．coveryourmouthwithyourelbow5．Ifyousneezeintohands,germscanspreadthroughthefollowingactivitiesexcept________.A．usingliftbuttons B．usingdoorknobs C．shakinghands D．washinghands6．Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourhand.B．Theadultmaybeusedtosneezingintotheirelbow.C．Parentsoftenteachtheirchildrentherightwaytocoughorsneeze.D．Wearingmasksisagoodwaytokeepawayfromgerms.7．What'sthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A．Totellusthecorrectwaytousetissueswhensneezingorcoughing.B．Totellussomecorrectwaystopreventthespreadofgerms.C．Totellusit'snecessarytosneezeorcoughintoelbow.D．Totellushowtokeepawayfromallrisks.8．Inwhichlayout（版面）ofthenewspapercanwefindthiskindofpassage?A．Health. B．Sports. C．Business. D．Education.【答案】4．C5．D6．D7．B8．A【分析】本文主要介紹了打噴嚏或咳嗽時(shí)，不要用手捂住嘴，同時(shí)我們要經(jīng)常洗手，這樣可以防止細(xì)菌傳播，同時(shí)介紹了防止細(xì)菌傳播的其它正確方法。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”可知，當(dāng)打噴嚏或咳嗽時(shí)，如果你沒有紙巾，你應(yīng)該用肘部而不是手打噴嚏。故選C。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”可知，洗手是人們?yōu)榱吮３纸】邓茏龅淖钪匾氖虑橹?，這樣可以阻止細(xì)菌的傳播。故選D。6．判斷正誤題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.”可知，為了阻止細(xì)菌傳播，我們最好戴口罩，所以戴口罩是一種遠(yuǎn)離病菌的好方法，D選項(xiàng)表述正確。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了防止細(xì)菌傳播的正確方法。故選B。8．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了防止細(xì)菌傳播的正確方法，屬于健康的范疇，所以應(yīng)該會(huì)在報(bào)紙的健康版面見到這篇短文。故選A。Passage3（2021·湖南永州·中考真題）Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer(癌癥);theirnoses!ResearchersatCalifornia’sPineStreetFoundation(PSF)saytheyhavetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison’sbreath.Thiscouldbeexcitingnews.Adog’ssenseofsmellmaybe10,000to100,000timesstrongerthanours.Butcandogsreallysmellillness?PSFresearcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes.“Wewereverysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,”hesaid.“Theyweretellingwhohadcancer,andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn’t.”DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.BreathSampleNumberofTimestheDogsSatdownNumberofTimestheDogsKeptStandingBreathfromlungcancerpatients56410Breathfromhealthypersons4708McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblowintoplastictubes(塑料管).Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeachbreath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finally,thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.Ninetyninepercentofthetime,thedugsatnexttothetubesblownintobypatientswithlungcancer.Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreastcancer.Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs’smellingpower.Theywonderiftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.However,mostexpertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientistscreateasimplebreathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagain,humansmaybegettingahelpingpawornose—fromtheirbestanimalfriends.9．What’sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer?A．Tooth. B．Nose. C．Ear.10．WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest?A．Thedogsweretrained. B．Thetubeswereplacedoneyardapart.C．Thedogssmelledthetubes.11．Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer?A．Smellagain. B．Turnaround. C．Sitdown.12．Lookatthechart.Howmanytimesdidthedogskeepstandingwhentheysmelledthebreathfromhealthypersons?A．Lessthan10times. B．Almost600times. C．About700times.13．Whydomanyexpertsquestionthedog’ssmellingpower?A．Becausenolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresults.B．Becausethedogtrainersinfluencedhowthedogsacted.C．Becausetheydon’tthinkthisstudyisimportant.【答案】9．B10．A11．C12．C13．B【分析】文章介紹了狗利用它們靈敏的嗅覺識(shí)別癌癥的事情，并通過實(shí)例證實(shí)，由此說明狗可能對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)問題有幫助。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer(癌癥);theirnoses!”可知，狗可能擁有最新的抗癌工具是它們的鼻子，故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.”可推知，松樹街基金會(huì)的狗在嗅到癌癥的實(shí)驗(yàn)中首先是要接受訓(xùn)練。故選A。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Finally,thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.”可知，狗如果嗅到了癌癥就會(huì)坐下來，故選C。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的顯示“Breathfromhealthypersons”和“NumberofTimestheDogsKeptStanding”對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)字是708，故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs’smellingpower...Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.”可知，許多專家質(zhì)疑狗的嗅覺能力。他們認(rèn)為馴狗師的行為方式可能會(huì)影響狗的行為。故選B。Passage4（2021·湖南益陽·中考真題）Inordertohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody,studentsinGrade9havetotakepartinzhongkaoP.E.testeveryyear.Toprepareforthetest,manyjuniorhighschoolstudentstrytheirbesttotrainhard.OnApril18,SunGaofromHangzhou,ZhejiangfinishedhisP.E.test.Afterthreeyearsofhardtraining,hegot26.5points.“Itwasn’tahighscore,sincemanyofmyclassmatesgotfullscores30points,butI’mstillhappy,sinceItriedmybest.”Sunsaid.“IthinktheP.E.testisreallygoodforus.Byhardtraining,Iammuchstrongernow.”Headded.GongSiyufromChengdu,SichuanisinGrade8now.“Isignedup（報(bào)名）foranafterschooltrainingclass.IpracticeeverySaturdayeveningfortwohours,doingpullups（引體向上）,an800meterrunandbasketball,”shesaid.In2022,whenGongtakesthetest,theP.E.testwillbe60pointsinzhongkao.“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.”Gongsaid.“Healthisimportant,andbypreparingforthetest,wegetmorechancestoexerciseandrelax.”14．What’sthepurposeofzhongkaoP.E.test?A．Tohelpteenagerstrainhard.B．Tohelpteenagersgetgoodpoints.C．Tohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody.15．HowmanypointsdidSunGaogetinhisP.E.test?A．26.5points. B．30points. C．60points.16．WhywasSunGaostillhappywithhisP.E.score?A．Becausehegotafullscoreinthetest.B．Becausehetriedhisbestinthetest.C．Becausehegotmorepointsthanallhisclassmates.17．WhendoesGongSiyuhaveherafterclasstrainingclassnow?A．EverySaturdaymorning. B．EverySaturdayafternoon. C．EverySaturdayevening.18．WhatdidSunGaoandGongSiyuthinkabouttheP.E.test?A．OnlySunGaothoughtitwasagoodthing.B．Bothofthemthoughtitwasagoodthing.C．Bothofthemthoughitwasaboringthing.【答案】14．C15．A16．B17．C18．B【分析】本文以兩個(gè)學(xué)生為例，主要向我們介紹中考體育考試的重要性和意義。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inordertohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody,studentsinGrade9havetotakepartinzhongkaoP.E.testeveryyear.”可知，為了幫助青少年建立一個(gè)強(qiáng)壯的身體，九年級(jí)的學(xué)生每年都要參加中考體育測(cè)試。故選C。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnApril18,SunGaofromHangzhou,ZhejiangfinishedhisP.E.test.Afterthreeyearsofhardtraining,hegot26.5points.”可知，SunGao體育中考得了26.5分，故選A。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwasn’tahighscore,sincemanyofmyclassmatesgotfullscores30points,butI’mstillhappy,sinceItriedmybest.”可知，SunGao雖然得了26.5分不是很高的分?jǐn)?shù)，但他仍然很高興，因?yàn)樗M力了。故選B。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Isignedup（報(bào)名）foranafterschooltrainingclass.IpracticeeverySaturdayeveningfortwohours,doingpullups（引體向上）,an800meterrunandbasketball,”可知，GongSiyu現(xiàn)在每周六晚上練習(xí)，故選C。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Byhardtraining,Iammuchstrongernow.”和“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.”可知，二人對(duì)于體育考試的評(píng)價(jià)都是積極的，故選B。Passage5（2021·貴州黔東南·中考真題）Weusuallygotoseeadoctorwhenweareill.Doctorsmaygiveussomemedicine,andthemedicineoftenmakesusfeelbetter.Butsometimesthedoctor’smedicinedoesn’twork.Thishappenedtooneman,ThomasSmith.Hewasillinhospital,buthewasn’tgettingwell.Thenhefoundanew“doctor”insidehimself.Hesawfunnyfilms.Hereadfunnybooks.Andsomethingwonderfulhappened.Laughingtookawayhispainafterhalfayear.Hecouldhaveagoodnight’srest.Hisownhappyfeelinghelpedhimgetwell.Hewrotehisstoryinhisbook.Hesaidlaughingwasveryusefulanditwasthebest“medicine”.Anotherman,SimonBeck,wasalsoill,andhehadaseriouspaininhisback.Thedoctorcouldn’tstopit,sothemanbeganto“picture”hispain.Inhishead,hedrewapictureofadog.Heimaginedittobearealdog.Anditwashurtinghim.Thenthemantalkedsoftlytothedog.Heputhishandonthedog’sheadandmadefriendswithit.Oneyearlater,hispainwentaway!Thesestoriesmaysurpriseyou,butmoreandmorepeoplearegettingwellinthisway.Socallonthe“doctor”insideyourmind,andkeephappyandwell!19．WhathappenedtoThomasSmith?A．Hefelldown. B．Hewasillinhospitalbecauseofhisillness.C．Hewasinhospitalbecauseofhissadness. D．Hegotwellaftertakingmedicine.20．WherewasThomasSmith’snew“doctor”?A．Inthehospital. B．Inhishome. C．Inhispany. D．Inhimself.21．Inthesecondparagraph,whatisthebestmedicine?A．Films. B．Doctors. C．Dogs. D．Laughing.22．WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．LaughingtookawaySimonBeck’spainafterhalfayear.B．ThomasSmith“drew”apictureofadoginhishead.C．SimonBeckmadefriendswiththedogheimagined.D．ThomasSmith’spainwentawayafteroneyear.23．Thispassagemainlytellsusweshould________.A．callonthe“doctor”insideourmind,andkeephappyandwell B．keepadogathomeC．notgotohospitalwhenweareill D．writeabookwhenthepaingoesaway【答案】19．B20．D21．D22．C23．A【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，當(dāng)醫(yī)生的藥不是那么明顯有效的時(shí)候，人們身上的樂觀情緒也能是一味最好的藥。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Hewasillinhospital,buthewasn’tgettingwell”可知，托馬斯·史密斯生病住院了。故選B。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Thenhefoundanew“doctor”insidehimself”可知，托馬斯?史密斯的新醫(yī)生其實(shí)在他體內(nèi)。故選D。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Hesaidlaughingwasveryusefulanditwasthebest“medicine””可知，笑是最好的良藥。故選D。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Inhishead,hedrewapictureofadog…Heputhishandonthedog’sheadandmadefriendswithit”可知，西蒙·貝克和他想象的狗做了朋友。故選C。23．主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文是一篇記敘文，當(dāng)醫(yī)生的藥不是那么明顯有效的時(shí)候，人們身上的樂觀情緒也能是一味最好的藥。故選A。Passage6（2021·湖北荊州·中考真題）DearJason,Hello!I’mveryfat.Iwanttoloseweight.Irunfivekilometerseveryday,butithasn’tworkedatall.Ifeelupset.NowIdon’tknowhowtoloseweight.Couldyouhelpme?TinaDearTina,Infact,exerciseisjustonewaytoloseweight.Evenifyouexerciseeveryday,youmightnotloseweight.That’sbecauseeatinghealthilyismuchmoreimportant.Afteryouexercise,ifyoutakeinlotsoffood,especiallyfoodswithalotofprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）,youwillstillputonweight.Sopaymoreattentiontoyoureating.Thiswillhelpyouloseweightmoreeasily.Butpleaseaskyourself:DoIreallyneedtoloseweight?Thetruthisthateveryonehasadifferentbodytype.Bigisbeautiful,too.You’llfindhappinesswhenyoulearntoacceptyourselfforwhoyouare.Jason24．Thereadingmaterialsabovearetwo______.A．notices B．letters C．a(chǎn)ds D．menus25．Toloseweight,Tina______.A．eatsmoremeat B．runseverydayC．doesnothing D．doesn’teatbreakfast26．Tinaisupsetbecause______.A．shehasnotimetoexerciseB．herfriendsoftenlaughatherC．runningisn’thelpingherloseweightD．herparentsaskhernottoloseweight27．WhatdoesJasonthinkaboutTina’sproblem?A．Sheshouldstoprunning.B．Shecantakesomemedicine.C．Sheneedstotakeinmoreprotein.D．Sheshouldpaymoreattentiontohereating.28．WhatisJason’ssuggestionatlast?A．Tinashouldlearntoacceptherself.B．Tinamayaskmorefriendsforhelp.C．LosingweightcanmakeTinahealthy.D．Whatotherpeoplethinkisimportant.【答案】24．B25．B26．C27．D28．A【分析】本文是Tina想減肥，Jason建議Tina除了鍛煉之外，還要健康的飲食，同時(shí)要確認(rèn)自己是否真的要減肥，只要接受真正的自己才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)快樂。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文的格式可知，這是兩封信件，故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Irunfivekilometerseveryday”可知，她為了減肥每天跑步，故選B。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Irunfivekilometerseveryday,butithasn’tworkedatall.Ifeelupset”可知，Tina因?yàn)榕懿經(jīng)]有幫助她減肥而感到沮喪，故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sopaymoreattentiontoyoureating”可知，Jason認(rèn)為Tina要多關(guān)注飲食，故選D。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“You’llfindhappinesswhenyoulearntoacceptyourselfforwhoyouare”可知，Jason最后的建議是要學(xué)會(huì)接受真正的自己，故選A。Passage7（2021·湖南常德·中考真題）Moderation（自我調(diào)節(jié)）Payattentiontohowyouleadyourlifemostofthetime.Ahealthylifestyleisonethatdoesn’ttakeextremes（極端）asawayoflife.Bemoderateinwhatyoudo.EatwellItisimportanttopayattentiontobothwhatyoueatandhowyoueat.AsSocratessaid:“Youshouldeattolive;notlivetoeat.”Adifferentdiet（飲食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.Alsotaketimeoffformeals.ExerciseStudentsmustknowthevalueofexercisebecauseitplaysanecessarypartincounterbalancing（抵消）thestress（壓力）responsesproducedinourbodiesbyhavingtomeetexams.SleepStudentsaregettinglessandlessofsleepwhichmightleadtomorestress.Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.Forthisreasonstudentsmustreregulatetheirbodyclockandgotobedandgetupatregulartime.ExpressyourselfThewaystudentsfeelabouttheirworkandotherissuesintheirlifeplaysahugepartinhowtheydealwithstress.Itisadvisablethatstudentsshouldberealisticwhateverhappensintheirlives.Tosumup,studiesarereallyveryimportant,butneverattheexpense（代價(jià)）ofstudents’physicalandmentalwellbeing.Besides,ifstudentsfeelwelltheywillbereadytofacethechallenges（挑戰(zhàn)）ofexamsaliveandkicking.29．Whatfoodisgoodforthebrainaccordingtoparagraphtwo?A．Vegetablesandfruits. B．Hamburgersandmeat. C．Riceandnoodles.30．Whenisthebesttimeforastudenttogotosleep?A．At7:00pm. B．At10:00pm. C．At1:00am.31．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthisarticle?A．Inatourguide. B．Onawebpagefortips. C．Inadailynewspaper.32．What’sthebesttitleofthereading?A．Stressinpartofstudents’livesB．AhealthymindinahealthybodyC．Prepareforyourexamswithahealthybodyandmind【答案】29．A30．B31．B32．B【分析】文章介紹了學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)從不同的方面進(jìn)行自我調(diào)節(jié)，學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)非常重要，但決不能以犧牲學(xué)生的身心健康為代價(jià)。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Adifferentdiet（飲食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.”可知，水果和蔬菜對(duì)大腦有好處，故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.”可知，午夜前的睡眠時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是最有幫助的。也就是12點(diǎn)之前睡覺是最好的，而7點(diǎn)又太早了，故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)整個(gè)文章的理解可知，主要是介紹學(xué)生要從幾個(gè)的方面教學(xué)生進(jìn)行自我調(diào)節(jié)，減輕壓力，應(yīng)該是來自一個(gè)健康網(wǎng)頁的提示，故選B。32．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)整個(gè)文章的理解可知，文章主要介紹了學(xué)生應(yīng)該如何調(diào)節(jié)自己，來獲得健康的身心，故選B。Passage8（2021·四川達(dá)州·中考真題）Withhereyesfeelingincreasinglytiredandhervisionblurry(視力模糊的),16yearoldTianTingwenttothehospitalwithherparentsinJanuary.Shewasshockedwhenshefoundoutthathereyesightdroppedfrom5.0to4.6inonlyaterm.“Afewofmyfriendshavehadthesameexperiencelately,”Tiansaid.Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.Toprotectstudents’eyesight,theChinesegovernmenthasworkedoutnewrequirements(要求)forschoolsupplies(供應(yīng)品)andequipmentsthatwilltakeeffect(生效)onMarch1,2022.Forexample,accordingtotherequirements,thesizeoftextinstudents’textbooksshouldbenosmallerthanninepoint.Teachersshouldalsotrynottouseprojectors(投影儀)orothermultimediaequipments(多媒體設(shè)備)thataretoobright,BeijingDailyreported.Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoff(散發(fā))aslittlebluelightaspossible.Bluelightisbadforoureyes,asitcankillthephotoreceptorcells(光感器細(xì)胞)weneedforvision,accordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool.Manyoftheelectronicdevicesweuseeveryday,likeourphonesandputerscreens,giveoffbluelight.Chinesegovernmenthasalsotakenotherstepstoprotectstudents’eyesightinChina.InMay2020,theNationalHealthmissionurgedschoolstomakesurethatstudentshaveatleasttwohoursofoutdooractivityaday.33．Inthefirsthalfof2020,therewere________ofstudentsbeingshortsighted.A．0.4% B．11.4% C．59.2% D．70.6%34．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．schoolsusetextbookswiththesmallersizeoftextB．teachersuseoverbrightmultimediaequipmentsC．studentsaremadesuretohavefewerthantwohoursofoutdooractivityadayD．schoolsuselightsthatgiveofflessbluelight35．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtoprotectusfromillness. B．Howtohaveoutdooractivity.C．Howtouseelectronicdevices. D．Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.【答案】33．D34．D35．D【分析】根據(jù)教育部的數(shù)據(jù)，在2020年上半年中，中國(guó)中小學(xué)生視力問題的人數(shù)從59.2%上升到了70.6%，為了保護(hù)學(xué)生的視力，中國(guó)政府對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)用品和設(shè)備制定了新的要求，將于2022年3月1日生效。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.”可知在2020年上半年，有70.6%的學(xué)生患有近視。故選D。34．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoffaslittlebluelightaspossible.”可知作者可能會(huì)同意學(xué)校使用藍(lán)光較少的燈。故選D。35．標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講中國(guó)中小學(xué)生有視力問題的人數(shù)上升極快，為保護(hù)學(xué)生視力，中國(guó)政府對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)用品和設(shè)備制定了新的要求。用“Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.”做標(biāo)題最合適。故選D。Passage9（2021·山東德州·中考真題）Isn’tfastfooddelicious?Aren’tfastfoodrestaurantscool?...Theanswertothesequestionsisyes.However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife.Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(盡管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheirserviceisfast.Theirstaff(員工)arefriendlyandverysmartlookingintheircleanandbrightuniforms(制服).Moreover,mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.Fastfoodisoftensoconvenientlypacked(包裝方便)thatitwillnotcauseamessevenifyoustandandeatit.Fastfoodrestaurantsarealsoveryclean.Alotofcleverads(廣告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.Suchattractiveplacesaresellingjunkfood!Isn’titapity?Isthereawaytochangethefastfoodrestaurantsintospecialplaceswhereyougetthebestpossible,healthyandfreshfood?Well,whynot?Aspeoplerealizethehealthproblemsthatfastfoodcauses,itisquitelikelythatfastfoodrestaurantsmaygooutofdate.Itmayhappensoonerorlater.Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(說服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.Iftheycouldbine(結(jié)合)healthyfoodwiththeirspeedofservice,delicioustastesandfortablefeelings,thatwillbethenextbestthingontheearthforthehumanbeings!36．Whatdoes“this”inParagraph2referto?A．Fastfoodisdelicious. B．Fastfoodrestaurantsarecool.C．Peopleenjoyfastfood. D．Fastfoodcancausehealthproblems.37．FastfoodhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthatit’s________.A．delicious B．fastC．healthy D．unhealthy38．Whichwordcanreplacetheword“grab”inParagraph3?A．movesuddenly B．getquicklyC．throwquickly D．carrycarefully39．Accordingtothepassage,adsaboutfastfood________.A．showyouallthefacts B．don’ttellyouthewholetruthC．makeithardtobuyfastfood D．makefastfoodrestaurantsoutofdate40．Theauthoradvises________.A．makingtheserviceoffastfoodfaster B．resistingfastfoodrestaurantsC．changingtastesoffastfood D．makingfastfoodgoodforhealth【答案】36．D37．D38．B39．B、40．D【分析】文章講述了經(jīng)常吃快餐會(huì)對(duì)人們的健康有害，但是快餐店卻在人們的生活中隨處可見，文中還提出了與其抵制快餐店，不如說服他們改變菜單，讓人們吃健康的食物。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(盡管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?”可知，這里說的是盡管快餐會(huì)引起健康問題，但是快餐還是很受歡迎，所以“this”指代的是“快餐會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問題”，故選D。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife….cancausealotofhealthproblems.”可知，快餐是不健康的，故選D。38．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.”可知，大多數(shù)快餐店都在人們經(jīng)常經(jīng)過的地方附近。在上班的路上買個(gè)漢堡吃是很容易的。所以單詞“grab”指的是“快速地得到”，故選B。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alotofcleverads(廣告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.”可知，大部分的快餐廣告不會(huì)告訴你全部的真相，故選B。40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(說服)themtochang