新高考英語二輪復(fù)習題型專練19 記敘文體類七選五(原卷版)

高考英語二輪復(fù)習題型專練（新高考）19記敘文體類七選五【命題意圖】閱讀理解七選五要求從短文后的七個選項中（均為完整的句子）選出五個能填入文章空處的最佳選項，主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。其命題形式深受英語四六級和考研閱讀多項選擇題的影響，體現(xiàn)了《新課標》＂用英語獲取、處理和運用信息的能力；逐步獲取用英語思維的能力。＂的閱讀學(xué)習和教學(xué)理念。該題型命題形式仍然具有客觀題的特點，又與完形填空具有異曲同工之妙，只是選項少，以句子形式出現(xiàn)，考查目的和側(cè)重點不完全相同而已。從《考試說明》對該題型命題目的的表述＂主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判斷：該題備選項可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個干擾項也往往從這三方面進行設(shè)置，例如主旨概括句或過于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。文章體裁以說明文為主，語篇模式較為固定：提出問題——提供解決方案。文章題材較為固定：與學(xué)生的日常生活學(xué)習緊密相關(guān)?！究荚嚪较颉糠治銎陆Y(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵，英語的語篇（discourse）通常是由句子和語段（sentencegroup）構(gòu)成的，語段是句子和語篇之間的中間層次，句子雖然能夠單獨地表達相對完整的思想，但是它不能表達多方面的、比較復(fù)雜的思想，只有把幾個句子結(jié)合為較大的言語片段，才能表達一個相對獨立的層意，所謂的＂積句而成章，積章而成篇。＂就是這個道理。分析文章的層次包含兩種形式：一種是分析整篇文章的層次，也就是段落，另一種是分析每一個段落內(nèi)部的層次，也就是語篇層次。語篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個語段或一個句子，一般來說，一個段落通常由幾個語段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語來連接，在分析語段層次時，可以借助句際間的連接詞語作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只有層層入手，才能真正理解文章。【得分要點】（1）從意思上判斷在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進一步確認答案。（2）從詞匯上鎖定線索做保持對一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的，要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動詞，然后在選項中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時間、年代、地點/名稱等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。（3）從關(guān)聯(lián)詞作為切入點通常，英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會運用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示過渡和銜接，讓文章的思路與更清楚、邏輯更連貫，因此文章中和選項中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標性信號詞在選擇答案時都是很重要的線索。在做題時可將這三個層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性；而表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對立，或褒貶對立或肯否對立;而表示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點的句子，往往會有復(fù)數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)。以下四類為常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，請大家一定要背熟：（i）并列與遞進：and,or,also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore（ii）因果：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse（iii）轉(zhuǎn)折讓步：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof

（ii）時間順序：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具體的時間?！囶}的位置不同，解題策略也不同（1）若問題在段首（i）通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測出主題句，找到答案。（ii）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關(guān)特征詞。一般來說正確答案與它后面的一句話的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會有某種的銜接手段。（iii）段落間的過渡句。這時要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。（2）若問題在段尾（i）空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（ii）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（iii）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關(guān)系。（vi）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因此根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。（i）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。（3）若問題是一整個自然段（i）承上啟下是這個段落的主要任務(wù)，且自成一體，所以會有一個該段落主旨?？忌梢詮倪x項中較長的選項開始閱讀，以此類推直至找到正確答案。（ii）著重閱讀前一段結(jié)尾和后一段開頭的一兩句查找相關(guān)的線索，而且重要線索通常會在后一段開頭，因此后一段開頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更為重要。（iii）分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，就能得出正確答案。簡單來說，最主要的兩個步驟就是1.理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2.在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細節(jié)，排除相近的選項。【真題再現(xiàn)】【2020年7月·浙江卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.31Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.32Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.___33___MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特點)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.35Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasn'taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.【答案】31.G32.D33.A34.F35.E【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者養(yǎng)成幾個生活習慣的原因。31.設(shè)空在段中，應(yīng)是承前啟后句。根據(jù)后文“Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine”可知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)提及“his”的身份，即G項中的“Myelderbrother”，且G項“我哥哥懶得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G項。故選G項。32.根據(jù)前句提到“我對文字的愛始于母親每天晚上給我讀故事的時候”可知，D項“我喜歡書中的彩色照片”和上句構(gòu)成進一步說明。同時D項中的“書”指代上句提到的母親每天給我讀故事的書。D項切題。故選D項。33.根據(jù)前句提到“閱讀為我打開了新世界”可知，A項“我不在孤獨”和上句構(gòu)成了因果關(guān)系。A項切題。故選A項。34.根據(jù)前句“當我的母親看到我的創(chuàng)作時，她說我的設(shè)計很有創(chuàng)意”可知，F(xiàn)項“于是，我開始對制造東西產(chǎn)生了長久的興趣”和上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，我正是在聽了母親那句話后才開始了對制造東西產(chǎn)生興趣。F項切題。故選F項。35.根據(jù)后句“無論天氣或季節(jié)，我的父母都要讓他們的兩個孩子花時間在戶外”可知，E項“我很早養(yǎng)成的另一個習慣是去戶外”和前句表示因果邏輯。作者有去戶外的習慣是因為后句提到的父母的影響。E項切題。故選E項?！绢}型演練】1Mymotherisadiligentandkindwoman.Sheisverybusyfrommorningtillnight.Asateacher,sheworkshard.1.BothmybrotherandIloveherdearlyasshelovesus.Mymotherhasbeenteachingmathatamiddleschoolinmyhometown.Shegoestoworkearlyinthemorninganddoesnotreturnhomeuntillateintheafternoon.2.Shetreatsthemwithpatienceandteachesthemwell.Forherexcellentqualityandverygoodteachingresults,shehasbeenelectedasamodelteacherseveraltimes.3.Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythingingoodorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.Asshehasbeenverybusyworkingeveryday,shelooksolderthanherage.Butshelooksascheerfulandhappyasever.Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.4.Shejusteatsaplainmealoutsidewhensheistoobusytocookherself.Shelivesabusyyetsimplelife,withoutanycomplaints.Oftenshesaystous,“workwhileyouwork,andplaywhileyouplay.Thatisthewaytobehappyandgay.Ifyoudonotwork,youwillbecomelazyandbeofnousetosociety”.Whatapieceofgoodadvicethisis!5.Thisadviceofherswillalwaysserveasaguidetomybehavior.Mymotherisgreatindeed,andIalwaysfeelproudofher.A.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.B.Sheenjoyslisteningtoclassicmusic.C.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.D.Shelovesherstudentsandcaresforthem.E.Mymotherishard-workingandneverwastesmoney.F.Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourmother?G.Ineverforgetitandalwaysbearitinmymind.2Therewasoncealonelygirlwholongedsomuchforlove.Onedaywhileshewaswalkinginthewoodsshefoundtwostarvingbirds.

6.

Shecaredthemwithloveandthebirdsgrewstrong.Everymorningtheygreetedherwithawonderfulsong.Thegirlfeltthegreatlovefromthebirds.7..Thelargerandthestrongerofthetwobirdsflewfromthecage.Thegirlwassofrightenedthathewouldflyaway.Asheflewclose,shegraspedhimwildly.Herheartfeltgladathersuccessincapturinghim.

8.

.Sheopenedherhandandstaredinhorror

atthedeadbird.Herdesperatelovehadkilledhim.Shenoticedtheotherbirdmovingbackandforthontheedgeofthecage.Shecouldfeelhisgreatneedforfreedom.Heneededtoflyintotheclear,bluesky.

9..Thebirdcircledonce,twice,threetimes.Thegirlwatcheddelightedlyatthebird’senjoyment.

10.

.

Shewantedthebirdtobehappy.Suddenlythebirdflewcloserandlandedsoftlyonhershoulder.Itsangthesweetestsongsthatshehadeverheard.Thefastestwaytoloseloveistoholdonittootight,whilethebestwaytokeeploveistogiveitwings!A.Herheartwasnolongerconcernedwithherloss.B.Shegavethemsomedeliciousfoodandleft.C.Onedaysheleftwiththetwobirdsathomealone.D.Shetookthemhomeandputtheminasmallcage.E.Sheliftedhimfromthecageandthrewhimsoftlyintotheair.F.One

day

thegirlleftthedoorofthecageopen.G.Suddenlyshefeltthebirdgosoftly.3IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.11.Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.12.Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.13.Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.14.Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.15.Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.4Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.16.Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.17.Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.18.MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.19.Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特點)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.20.Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasn'taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.5Itwasalittlebeforenineo'clockonTuesdaynight.21.“Doyouneedasecondhelpingofpudding?"awaitressasked.Antonio,whohadalreadyfinishedaplateofpasta,aFishStewandasliceofcake,couldn'tansweritrightaway.Thequestionmightbecommonformostdiners,butforhim,itwasentirelynovelbecausehewashomelessandwashavingthemealforfree.22..Hehadnopreparationforit.23.Butatnight,ittransformsitselfintoapioneeringplacewherehomelesspeoplesuchasAntoniocandinefreeofcharge,attablessetwithflowers,metalcutlery（餐具）andproperglasses.Therestaurantisthelatestinitiative（初步行動）fromthecharityMensajerosdelaPaz.Itwasfounded54yearsagobyFatherAngelGarciaRodriguez.Itsbusinessmodel–usingbreakfastandlunchtakingsfrompayingcustomerstofundfreeeveningmealsforthehomeless-issimpleenough.24.“TheinspirationcamefromPopeFrancis,who'sspokenagainandagainabouttheimportanceofgivingpeopledignity,whetherit'sthroughbreadorthroughwork,"saidFatherAngel.“25.Peoplewithnothingcancomeandeatintherestaurantandgetthesametreatmentaseveryoneelse.It'sjustcommonsense."A.Byday,theRobinHoodrestaurant,whichsitsonasidestreetnearthecenterofMadrid,isatypicalSpanishbar.B.Sowethought,whynotopenarestaurantwithtablecloths,propercutleryandwaiters?C.Theyplantoextendtheschemeandhopesitwillattractfamouschefstocometocook.D.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadbeenaskedsuchaquestion.E.Thehomelessaretreatedwithrespectattherestaurant.F.Antoniofoundhimselffacingawelcomedilemma.G.Itsaim,however,isalittleambitious.6Abou