Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Speaking(分層作業(yè))(解析版)-2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語同步備課系列人教版必修第二冊(cè)

Unit4ListeningandSpeaking習(xí)題檢測(cè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè)一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．（2023秋·上海·高一上海市大同中學(xué)?？计谥校㏕herumorofmoreemployers________________(involve)inthescandal(丑聞)spreadacrossthecityquickly.2．（2023·上海·高一專題練習(xí)）Ijoinedinamarathon______

(host)bythecitysportsclub.3．（2023春·廣西南寧·高一三美學(xué)校?？计谥校〢tfirstEnglish________(speak)inEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.4．（2023春·四川遂寧·高一射洪中學(xué)校考期中）Withnight______(approach),thelittlegirlwentintoherbedroomanddrewthecurtains.5．IliketogetupearlysothatIcangetplentyofwork________(do)beforelunch.6．Itisoneofthefunniestthings_________(find)ontheInternetsofarthisyear.7．Downloadtheapp,andyouwillfindthe_______(locate)ofthehoteloniteasily.8．Suppliescan_______(ensure)onlythrougheconomicdevelopment.9．Anddon’tforget:weare________(surround)byanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.10．（2022秋·甘肅武威·高一?？计谥校㊣nthespringtheplaceis________(crowd)withchildren.1．involved【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：更多雇主卷入丑聞的謠言在這個(gè)城市快速傳播。分析句子可知，spread為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，employers和involve為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞形式。故填involved。2．hosted【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我參加了市體育俱樂部舉辦的馬拉松比賽。謂語動(dòng)詞是joined，此處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，host與marathon是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動(dòng)、完成。故填hosted。3．spoken【解析】考查過去分詞。句意：最初，大約在公元450年到1150年之間，英國(guó)人所說的英語與今天所說的英語有很大的不同。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知非謂語動(dòng)詞speak與邏輯主語English構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填spoken。4．a(chǎn)pproaching【解析】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：夜幕降臨，小女孩上樓進(jìn)入臥室，拉上窗簾。with+n.+doing表示“動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行”。approaching和night是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示夜幕正在降臨，故填approaching。5．done【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我喜歡早起，這樣我就能在午飯前完成大量的工作。在sothat引導(dǎo)的從句中，“大量的工作”和“做”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，構(gòu)成getsth.done“使某事被做”。故填done。6．found【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這是今年到目前為止在網(wǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)的最有趣的事情之一。find與things是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語，表被動(dòng)、完成。故填found。7．location【解析】考查名詞。句意：下載這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，你就可以很容易地在上面找到酒店的位置。由前文的youwillfindthe以及后文的ofthehotel可知此空應(yīng)填名詞，構(gòu)成名詞所有格。可數(shù)名詞location意為“地點(diǎn)，位置”符合句意，此處特指這個(gè)酒店的位置，所以用名詞單數(shù)形式。故填location。8．beensured【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：只有發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)才能保證供給。謂語動(dòng)詞ensure和主語Supplies之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)（bedone）和前文can構(gòu)成含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填beensured。9．surrounded【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：而且不要忘記：我們周圍有一個(gè)天然的操場(chǎng)，非常適合散步、洞穴探險(xiǎn)、爬山和騎行。謂語動(dòng)詞surround和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞和are一起構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。besurroundedby“被……包圍/環(huán)繞”。故填surrounded。10．crowded【解析】考查固定短語。句意：春天，這個(gè)地方擠滿了孩子。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短語“becrowdedwith…”，意為“擠滿了……，被……擠滿”，“place”和“crowd”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，“crowd”意為“擠滿”，動(dòng)詞詞性，“crowded”為“crowd”的過去分詞。故填crowded。學(xué)科素養(yǎng)提升二、閱讀理解A（2023春·北京石景山·高一統(tǒng)考期末）WhensearchingforsomethingfunandeducationaltodoinMaryland,whynotvisittheMarylandScienceCenter?Itislocatedat601LightStreet,Baltimore.Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.Clickhereformoreinformation.IntroductionTheMarylandScienceCenterisbasicallyamuseum,butitgiveseveryoneachancetolearnthroughexperienceandplay,ratherthanjustglanceatanexhibit.ActivitiesYoucanlearnaboutvarioustopics,includingouterspace,thehumanbody,dinosaurs,electricity,marine(海洋的)biology,energy,andmuchmore.Youcanalsotakepartintheinteractiveactivities,suchasracingbubbles,diggingfordinosaurfossils,usingpuzzlepiecestoconstructcars,andsomuchmore.TheDavisPlanetarium(天文館)AttheDavisPlanetarium,youcanbebackinachairandlookatthestarswhilestillinsidetheScienceCenter.Thestarswillappearontheceilingofthetheatreasyouwatchthem.TherearedifferentshowstocatchattheDavisPlanetarium.YoucanlearnaboutthegalaxyandastronomyduringtheDarkMattersshow.LearnaboutthestarsandplanetsduringtheSkyLiveshow.TheOneWorldOneSkyshowallowschildrentoexplorethestars.TheLivefromtheSunshowwillteachyouallaboutthehotsun.TheKidsRoomForchildren,theycan’tmisstheKidsRoom.Theywillbeabletoplayinawaterarea,constructdamsandwatertowers,pushbuttons,ringdoorbells,buildwithblocks,andmore,anddefinitelytheywilllearnalot.Inaddition,thereisalsoanareaforkidsoftwoyearsoldandunder,wheretheycancrawl,walkandexploresafelywithsofttoys.11．WhatdoweknowabouttheMarylandScienceCenter?A．Itchargesdifferentpricesforadultsandkids.B．ItisregardedasthemostpopularmuseuminMaryland.C．Itisamuseumwheretherearemanyfamousexhibitions.D．Itismainlydesignedforchildrenandtheirfamiliestoplaytogether.12．Ifyouwanttoknowwhythesunshines,whichshowshouldyouchoose?A．TheDarkMattersshow. B．TheSkyLiveshow.C．TheLivefromtheSunshow. D．TheOneWorldOneSkyshow.13．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelplan. B．Anacademiccolumn.C．Aneducationalmagazine. D．Anonlineadvertisement.B（2022春·云南·高一云南師大附中?？计谥校〢floodhitYellowstoneNationalParkonJune13,2022.The

disasterwascausedbya

combination

ofunusuallyheavyrainsandrapidsnowmelt.Thehighandfastwaterflowsdestroyedbridgesandsweptawayentireroadways,leavingcommunitiesandhomesisolated.Fortunately,theapproximately10,000parkvisitorsweresafely

evacuated.ThetownofGardiner,alongtheMontana-Wyomingborder,wasparticularlyhardhit.Thefloodwatersleftalmost900peoplewithnopowerorwaterformanydays.Gardiner’s

economy,whichdependsonthealmostthree-quartersofamillionvisitorswhopassthroughthepark’snorthgateannually,islikelytotakeahit.Thefloodwatersseverely

damagedthemainnorthentranceroadtoYellowstone,andcouldtakeyearstorebuild.Parkofficialshavebegunworkonimprovingan

alternativeroadtoGardiner.Thiswillensurethatlocalscan

access

food,supplies,andotheressentialemergencyservices.AlimitednumberoftouristsmayalsobeallowedintoGardineroncetheroadis

stable.Yellowstone’snorthgateisclosed

indefinitely.

Butthepark’ssouthgateopenedtovisitorsonJune22,2022.Parkofficialshavestartedanewentrysystemtopreventovercrowding.Itisbasedonthelastnumberofthevisitor’svehiclelicenseplateandthe

calendardateofthemonth.Carswithodd(奇數(shù)的)numberscanvisittheparkonodddaysofthemonth,whilethosewitheven(偶數(shù)的)numberscangoonevendays.Established

in1872,YellowstoneisAmerica’soldestnationalpark.The3,472-square-milereserve

spans

threestatesandishometomany

unique

wildlife.Itisknownforitsnaturalbeautythatincludesmountains,riversandlakes.Theforcesoffireandiceshapedtheparkoverthousandsofyears.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“isolated”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Tracked. B．Separated.C．Decorated. D．Improved.15．Whatwasthepossibleresultoftheflood?A．Gardiner’s

economywouldgetintotrouble.B．Communitiesandhomeswereleftinruins.C．Almost900peopleweretrappedinthepark.D．Thepark’ssouthgatewasclosedforawhile.16．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Localpeoplecangetdailynecessitiesfromvisitors.B．Theparkhasadoptedanewsystemtorecognizefaces.C．Thelicenseplatenumberdecideswhencarsenterthepark.D．Moretouristsmayfloodintotheparkforgeologicalfeatures.17．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．FloodingHasCausedWidespreadDamageintheUSB．YellowstoneNationalParkWasClosedduetoFloodingC．NaturalBeautyMakesYellowstoneAmerica’sOldestParkD．YellowstoneNationalParkPartiallyReopensAfterFlooding三、完形填空（2022春·吉林長(zhǎng)春·高一長(zhǎng)春十一高校聯(lián)考期中）ClimbingTaishaninChinaItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.Itis___18___toascendtothetop.Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhoursandvisitorscan___19___totakeacablecarhalfway.Forthousandsofyears,Taishanhasbeenasourceof___20___forpoetsandthinkers.Themountainisintheeast,andinChinesecultureeastisregardedasa(n)___21___directionbecausethatiswherethesunandmoonrise.___22___,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe___23___:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.”His___24___expressthephilosophicalideathatthehigheryouclimb,thegreateryour___25___.Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,until___26___Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.Ofcourse,Confuciuswouldn’thave____27____acablecar,butIwasn’tConfucius.Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.Thatwasenoughofa____28____experienceforme.Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.topositionourselvesforthe____29____.FromJadeEmperorPeak,sittingamonghundredsofothers,wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.Afterbreakfast,we____30____foraboutfivehoursdownthemountainandthroughPeachBlossomValley,beautifulwaterfallsandpoolsofwater.Thegreenplantsupthe____31____madeforapicturesqueclimb,andthesecond-dayvalleyhikewastomethehighlight.Itwaspeaceful,allowingmeto____32____thegreatervisionfromthetop.18．A．tired B．rewarding C．easy D．challenging19．A．refuse B．choose C．learn D．pretend20．A．inspiration B．entertainment C．happiness D．information21．A．unexpected B．lifelike C．sacred D．right22．A．Besides B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore23．A．peak B．foot C．rock D．village24．A．means B．words C．works D．intentions25．A．pressure B．weight C．vision D．contribution26．A．luckily B．suddenly C．fortunately D．finally27．A．taken B．invented C．owned D．described28．A．diving B．climbing C．cycling D．sailing29．A．rainbow B．daybreak C．sunrise D．sunset30．A．flew B．drove C．ran D．hiked31．A．mountain B．fence C．path D．kitchen32．A．change B．enjoy C．miss D．clarify四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文（2021春·陜西西安·高一統(tǒng)考期末）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheUnitedNationsisnotonlycommittedtoprotectingpeople.It____33____(look)afterplaces,too.OneoftheaimsofUNESCO——theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization——whichwasfounded____34____1946,wastoprotectplacesofgreatculturalimportance.Itsfirstmajortaskwasinthe1950s,____35____itlaunchedacampaigntoprotecttwoancientEgyptiantemples.Thetemplesweregoingtobe____36____(complete)floodedwiththeconstructionofthehugeAswanDamn.Thetemples____37____(take)topiecesandrebuiltondryground.Fifty____38____(country)donatedmoneytotheproject.____39____(it)successledtootherprojectstoprotectVenice,inItaly,auniquecitybuiltonwater,____40____Moenjodaro,inPakistan,oneofthecradlesofcivilization.IfasiteisputontheListofWorldHeritageinDanger,itmeansthatitwillreceivemoneyfromtheWorldHeritageFund____41____(help)protectit.However,countriesmustmakeasmucheffortastheycantolookaftertheirspecialplacesandpreservetheworld’sremainingculturaland_____42_____(nature)heritagesforthefuture.11．A

12．C

13．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了集娛樂和教育與一體的旅游勝地馬里蘭科學(xué)中心。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.(門票價(jià)格因年齡、組別、和您選擇的展品而異。)”可知，馬里蘭科學(xué)中心對(duì)成人和兒童收取不同的費(fèi)用。故選A。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDavisPlanetarium(天文館)中“TheLivefromtheSunshowwillteachyouallaboutthehotsun.(TheLivefromtheSun節(jié)目將告訴你關(guān)于炎熱太陽的一切。)”可知，如果你想知道為什么陽光普照，可以選擇TheLivefromtheSun節(jié)目，故選C。13．推理判斷題。閱讀全文并根據(jù)第一段“WhensearchingforsomethingfunandeducationaltodoinMaryland,whynotvisittheMarylandScienceCenter?Itislocatedat601LightStreet,Baltimore.Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.Clickhereformoreinformation.(想在馬里蘭州尋找一些有趣和有教育意義的事情，為什么不去參觀馬里蘭州科學(xué)中心呢？它位于巴爾的光影街道601號(hào)。門票價(jià)格因年齡、組別、和您選擇的展品而異。單擊此處了解更多信息。)”可知，本文主要介紹了既有娛樂意義又有教育意義的旅游之地。由此可知文章出自與一個(gè)旅游計(jì)劃。故選A。14．B

15．A

16．C

17．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。介紹了美國(guó)黃石公園在洪水后部分重新部分開放。14．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段末句“Fortunately,theapproximately10,000parkvisitorsweresafelyevacuated.”（幸運(yùn)的是，大約1萬名公園游客被安全疏散），可推測(cè)出洪水摧毀了橋梁和道路，使得社區(qū)和房屋與外界隔絕，故選B。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThetownofGardiner,alongtheMontana-Wyomingborder,wasparticularlyhardhit.Thefloodwatersleftalmost900peoplewithnopowerorwaterformanydays.Gardiner’seconomy,whichdependsonthealmostthree-quartersofamillionvisitorswhopassthroughthepark’snorthgateannually,islikelytotakeahit.ThefloodwatersseverelydamagedthemainnorthentranceroadtoYellowstone,andcouldtakeyearstorebuild.”（蒙大拿州和懷俄明州交界處的加德納受災(zāi)尤其嚴(yán)重。洪水使近900人多日無水無電。每年有近75萬游客經(jīng)過公園北門，加德納的經(jīng)濟(jì)很可能受到?jīng)_擊。洪水嚴(yán)重破壞了通往黃石公園的主要北入口道路，可能需要數(shù)年時(shí)間才能重建。）可知，Gardiner的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴于每年通過公園北門進(jìn)入公園的近75萬游客，很可能會(huì)受到?jīng)_擊，故選A。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容可知，為防止過度擁擠，公園啟動(dòng)了新的入口系統(tǒng)，奇數(shù)車牌號(hào)的車輛可以在對(duì)應(yīng)日歷奇數(shù)的日子進(jìn)公園，偶數(shù)車牌號(hào)車輛可以在對(duì)應(yīng)日歷偶數(shù)的日子進(jìn)公園，是車牌號(hào)決定了車輛進(jìn)入公園的時(shí)間，故選C。17．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章首段，可知黃石公園遭遇了洪水災(zāi)害；根據(jù)文章三段末句和第四段內(nèi)容可知，一旦道路穩(wěn)定，也會(huì)有一定數(shù)量的游客被允許進(jìn)入加德納，公園也有應(yīng)對(duì)游客參觀的新措施。全文講述了黃石公園在遭遇洪水后中心部分開放，故選D。18．D

19．B

20．A

21．C

22．D

23．A

24．B

25．C

26．D

27．A

28．B

29．C

30．D

31．C

32．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者攀登中國(guó)泰山的經(jīng)歷。18．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：登頂很有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.tired疲倦的；B.rewarding值得的；C.easy容易的；D.challenging富于挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)上文“ItisknownthatTaishanisatallmountain.”及常識(shí)可知，攀登泰山是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)。故選D。19．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：全程步行需要3到7個(gè)小時(shí)，游客可以選擇中途乘坐纜車。A.refuse拒絕；B.choose選擇；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.pretend假裝。根據(jù)上文“Walkingthewholewaycantakefromthreetosevenhours”及空后“takeacablecarhalfway”可知，登山有兩種方式，游客也可以選擇中途乘坐纜車。故選B。20．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾千年來，泰山一直是詩(shī)人和思想家靈感的源泉。A.inspiration靈感；B.entertainment娛樂；C.happiness快樂；D.information信息。根據(jù)空后“poetsandthinkers”可知，泰山一直是詩(shī)人和思想家靈感的源泉。故選A。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：泰山也被稱為東岳，而在中國(guó)文化中，東方被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)神圣的方向，因?yàn)樘柡驮铝翉哪抢锷?。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.lifelike栩栩如生的；C.sacred神圣的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)下文“5,Taishanisthemostvenerated(受崇敬的)ofChina’sfivesacredmountains.”可知，東方被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)神圣的方向。故選C。22．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，泰山是五岳中最受尊敬的。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否者；D.Therefore因此。前后句意存在因果關(guān)系，therefore符合語境。故選D。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孔子有一次登上山頂，在山頂上感慨：“登泰山而小天下?！盇.peak山頂；B.foot山腳；C.rock巖石；D.village村莊。根據(jù)上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountain”可知，此處指在山頂上感慨。故選A。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話表達(dá)了一種哲學(xué)思想，即：你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。A.means方法；B.words話；C.works作品；D.intentions目的。根據(jù)上文“Confucius(孔子)oncegottothetopofthemountainanddeclaredfromthe6:“ClimbTaishanandthewholeworldlookssmall.””可知，此處指孔子說的話。故選B。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的話表達(dá)了一種哲學(xué)思想，即：你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。A.pressure壓力；B.weight重力；C.vision視野；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)語境及常識(shí)可知，你爬得越高，你的視野就越開闊。故選C。26．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來說，爬得越高，看到的臺(tái)階就越多，直到最后我走到了通往纜車站的臺(tái)階上。A.luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.suddenly突然；C.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.finally最后。根據(jù)上文“Forme,thehigherIclimbed,themorestepsIsaw,”及空后“Igottothestepsleadinguptothecablecarstation.”可知，最后我選擇去坐纜車上山。故選D。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，孔子不會(huì)乘坐纜車，但我不是孔子。A.taken乘坐（交通工具）；B.invented發(fā)明；C.owned擁有；D.described描述。根據(jù)空后“acablecar”可知，此處指乘坐纜車。故選A。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來說，這是一次足夠難忘的登山經(jīng)歷了。A.diving跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.climbing登山；C.cycling騎自行車；D.sailing帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“Ispenttwohoursclimbingsteps.”及語境可知，此處指登山經(jīng)歷。故選B。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：早上，我們凌晨4點(diǎn)起床，準(zhǔn)備迎接日出。A.rainbow彩虹；B.daybreak黎明；C.sunrise日出；D.sunset日落。根據(jù)上文“Inthemorning,wegotupat4a.m.”及下文“wewerefortunateenoughtoseeaclearsunrise.”可知，我們?cè)缙鹑タ慈粘?。故選C。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：早餐后，我們徒步下山約五個(gè)小時(shí)，穿過桃花谷、美麗的瀑布和水池。A.flew飛；B.drove開車；C.ran跑；