虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解和練習(xí)(附答案)

第4頁(yè)共14頁(yè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解和練習(xí)（附答案）概念理解 虛擬語(yǔ)氣（thesubjunctivemood），又稱假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示說(shuō)話人敘述的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相反，在現(xiàn)實(shí)中并不存在，或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性很小。一、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)區(qū)別講話人對(duì)某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣(mood)有三種，分別是陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1.陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣一般用來(lái)敘述事實(shí)或就事實(shí)提出詢問(wèn)，主要用于陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和某些感嘆句。Wherethereisawill,there'saway.有志者事竟成。Canyouhelpmecarrytheboxupstairs你能幫我把箱子搬到樓上嗎？HowImissedthelifeinthecountryside!我多么想念鄉(xiāng)村的生活啊！2.祈使語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或下達(dá)命令。Comethisway,please!請(qǐng)這邊走。Don'tmakeanynoise,willyou別吵，行嗎？Dobecarefulwhencrossingthestreet.過(guò)馬路時(shí)一定要小心。3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。IfIwereabird,Icouldflyintheair.如果我是一只小鳥(niǎo)，我就能在空中飛行。Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.但愿四季如春。Maygoodluckbeyours!祝你好運(yùn)！知識(shí)清單清單一、條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)中條件從句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，另一類是非真實(shí)條件句。如果假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生，是真實(shí)條件句；如果假設(shè)的情況是不存在的或不大可能發(fā)生的，則是虛擬條件句。A．真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句表示的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Ifhedoesn'tcomeat8,wewon'twaitforhim.如果他八點(diǎn)不來(lái)，我們就不等他了。Ifafloodhappenedinthepast,therewasusuallyagreatlossoflifeandproperty.過(guò)去發(fā)生洪水的話，常有很大的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。Weshallgothereunlessitrainstomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我們將去那里。I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoukeepitclean.如果你能保持車(chē)子干凈，我就讓你用我的自行車(chē)。B．非真實(shí)條件句在含有非真實(shí)條件句的復(fù)合句中，主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其構(gòu)成有三種形式：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反if條件句的謂語(yǔ)：were/did主句的謂語(yǔ)：would(could/should/might)+do與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反if條件句的謂語(yǔ)：haddone主句的謂：would(could/should/might)+havedone與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反if條件句的謂語(yǔ)：did/were主句的謂：should(would/could/might/wereto)+do基本規(guī)律：正常時(shí)態(tài)+過(guò)去1．表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的條件條件從句用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be動(dòng)詞用were），主句用should（第一人稱）或would/could/might（全部人稱）+動(dòng)詞原形。would、could、might存在詞義上的區(qū)別。IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Iwouldgoandseemyfriends.明天要是星期天的話，我就去看望我的朋友。IfIwereyou,Ishouldgoandtry.我要是你，我就去試試。Ifwisheswerehorses,beggarsmightride.如果幻想能成為馬匹，叫花子都有了坐騎2．表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條件條件從句用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用用should（第一人稱）或would/could/might（全部人稱）+havedone。IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.如果昨天我知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就給你打電話了。Ifithadnotrainedthismorning,Ishouldhavegoneshopping.今天早上要是沒(méi)下雨，我就去買(mǎi)東西了。Thefloodmighthavecausedgreatdamagestothepeopleifwehadnotbuiltsomanyreservoirs.倘若我們沒(méi)有修建這么多的水庫(kù)，洪水就會(huì)使人民遭受巨大的損失。3．表示在將來(lái)不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件:條件從句有三種形式：①were/did條件從句用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式were/did，主句用should（第一人稱）或would/could/might（全部人稱）+動(dòng)詞原形。Ifhewereheretomorrow,Iwouldspeaktohim.明天如果他在這里的話，我就和他談?wù)劇Ｌ摂M語(yǔ)氣除主要用于非真實(shí)條件句外，還可用在部分主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句之中。A．名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主句中的動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞如表示要求、建議、命令或愿望等含義，與其相關(guān)的名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1．主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主語(yǔ)從句通常用于“Itis+形容詞名詞動(dòng)詞的-ed形式+that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。主語(yǔ)從句中是否用虛擬語(yǔ)氣取決于所用的形容詞或動(dòng)詞的-ed形式，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”（美國(guó)英語(yǔ)常省略should，只用動(dòng)詞原形）。①表示建議或命令I(lǐng)tisimportantthatwe(should)workoutastudyplan.重要的是我們要制訂出一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。Itwillbebetterthatwe(should)meetsomeothertime.最好我們?cè)诹硪粋€(gè)時(shí)間見(jiàn)面。Itissuggestedthateachstudent(should)singasonginEnglish.有人建議每個(gè)學(xué)生都要唱一首英文歌曲。Itisdemandedthatheshouldleaveatonce.要求他立刻離開(kāi)。②表示驚訝I(yíng)tisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedtoseehisownshortcomings.真奇怪他竟看不到自己的缺點(diǎn)。Itisapity/shamethatIshouldbeatschoolinsteadoflyinghereinhospital.真可惜，我應(yīng)當(dāng)在學(xué)校而不是躺在醫(yī)院里。Itisnaturalthatyoushouldforgetitfirst.你起先記不住是很自然的。 必背：常見(jiàn)的要接含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣主語(yǔ)從句的詞形容詞：important,necessary,urgent,essential,vital,natural,strange,proper等動(dòng)詞的-ed形式：arranged,suggested,ordered,required,desired,demanded,proposed等Itisnecessarythattheprogram(should)beloadedintothecomputer.有必要把程序輸入電腦。Itisstrangethatheshouldhavelearnedsomuchinsuchashorttime.很奇怪他竟然在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)了那么多的東西。Itisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadybytonight.希望一切在今晚前準(zhǔn)備就緒。2．賓語(yǔ)從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣常用在表示要求、建議、命令或愿望的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。常見(jiàn)的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的動(dòng)詞有：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command三個(gè)建議：suggest,advise,propose四個(gè)要求：demand,require,ask,desire①在suggest（建議）,order(命令),propose(建議),insist（堅(jiān)持要做）,command(命令)，request（要求），advise（建議）等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形（美國(guó)英語(yǔ)常省略should）。Theexaminationinstructoraskedthatthestudents(should)notuseacalculator.考官要求學(xué)生不要使用計(jì)算器。Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages(should)beraisedby10percent.工人們要求增加百分之十的工資。Theyrequestedthathe(should)singasong.他們要求他唱一首歌。比較：動(dòng)詞suggest和insist后面的賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)根據(jù)不同情況選用陳述語(yǔ)氣或虛擬語(yǔ)氣。suggest作“建議”解時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，作“使想起、暗示”解時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.他的沉默暗示他贊同我的決定。（暗示）HesuggestedthatI(should)sticktomydecision.他建議我堅(jiān)持自己的決定。（建議）insist作“堅(jiān)決要求”解時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”解時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Heinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople'shealth.他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為做早操對(duì)健康有益。（強(qiáng)調(diào)）Heinsiststhathe(should)domorningexerciseseveryday.他堅(jiān)持每天都要做早操。（要求）②在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。一般過(guò)去時(shí)were/did表示目前不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望IwishIwereabird.但愿我是一只小鳥(niǎo)。IwishIknewtheanswer.我要是知道答案就好了。過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddone表示過(guò)去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望Iwishshehadtakenmyadvice.那時(shí)她要是接受我的建議就好了。IwishthatIhadseenheryesterday.真希望我昨天見(jiàn)過(guò)她。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)would/coulddo表示將來(lái)沒(méi)有把握或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望Iwishyouwouldstayanhourlonger.我希望你再呆一個(gè)小時(shí)。Iwishitcouldstopraining.但愿雨能停。提示：由于wish和hope的漢語(yǔ)意思差不多，在使用上往往容易出錯(cuò)。wish一般表示“希望”、“但愿”，表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，后接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；hope表示“希望”，指可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，后接從句時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thestudentshopethattheirfootballteamwillwinthegame.學(xué)生們希望他們的足球隊(duì)獲勝。（可能實(shí)現(xiàn)）IwishIcouldseehimnow.我希望現(xiàn)在就能看到他。（不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)）3．表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。Myadviceisthatyou(should)practisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.我的建議是你盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。Thedemandisthatthecomposition(should)bewrittenononesideonly.按照要求作文必須單面謄寫(xiě)。Itismydesirethatallthemembersofthefamily(should)gatheronceayear.我的愿望是所有家庭成員一年團(tuán)圓一次。Thesuggestionthateducation(should)bereformedisreasonable.教育要改革的建議是合理的。必背：表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞常見(jiàn)的有advice 建議demand要求desire愿望decision決定idea 意見(jiàn)motion 提議order命令proposal提議requirement要求request 請(qǐng)求regulation規(guī)章suggestion建議B．狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣①方式狀語(yǔ)從句由asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣表示可能符合事實(shí)的情況，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與事實(shí)不符或與事實(shí)相反的情況。a.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不相符，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhewereherownchild.這位老師對(duì)待這位學(xué)生就像自己的親生孩子一樣。（這位學(xué)生并不是她的親生孩子）b.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)不相符，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)Ifeltasthoughwehadknowneachotherforyears.我感覺(jué)我們好像認(rèn)識(shí)多年了。（其實(shí)并沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)多年）c.表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)不相符，用would/might/couldItlooksasifitmightrain.天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）對(duì)比：Helooksasifheisyoung.看樣子他好像很年輕。（他就是年輕）Helooksasifhewereyoung.看樣子他好像很年輕。（實(shí)際上他不年輕）②目的狀語(yǔ)從句a.由incase,lest,forfearthat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句，動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示憂慮或目的。PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowincaseI(should)forget.請(qǐng)你明天再提醒我這件事，以免我忘記。Sheemphasizeditagainandagain,lesthe(should)forget.她一再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)免得他忘記。Wehadameetingandtalkedthematteroverfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.我們開(kāi)了一個(gè)會(huì)，面對(duì)面談了這件事，以免發(fā)生任何誤會(huì).b.在inorderthat和sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumbersothatImaynotforget.我要把你的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái)，以免忘記。Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.為了能提前完成工作，他們比往常更加努力。Wewilltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.我把真實(shí)情況告訴你，使你能自己作出判斷。③讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句指事實(shí)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣。若從句內(nèi)容表示現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的假設(shè)情況，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Thoughhe(should)fail,therewouldstillbehope.即使他失敗了，仍有一線希望。Ishouldsaythesamethingevenifhewerehere.即使他在這里，我還是要這么說(shuō)。Whetherhe(should)succeedorfail,weshallhavetodoourpart.不管他成功還是失敗，我們還是要做好自己的事。Howeverharditmightrainrains,weshallgotheretogether.不管雨下得多么大，今晚我們還是要去那里。Nomatterwhathissocialposition(might)be,amanisequalintheeyeofthelaw.一個(gè)人不論其社會(huì)地位如何，在法律面前都是平等的。C．定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在Itis(high)time(that)...結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，表示“到某人該做某事的時(shí)間了”。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.到孩子們睡覺(jué)的時(shí)間了。Itishightimethatwebeganthemeeting.正是我們開(kāi)會(huì)的時(shí)間了。四、其他句型中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣A．IfonlyIfonly位于句首引起的感嘆句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示目前的愿望，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的愿望，用would或could表示將來(lái)。Ifonlyheknewtheanswer.他要是知道答案就好了。（用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在）IfonlyIcouldspeakseveralforeignlanguages！我要是能講幾種外語(yǔ)就好了?。ㄓ脀ould/could表示將來(lái)）Ifonlyyouhadtoldmethetruthbefore.要是你以前告訴我真相就好了。（用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去）注意：ifonly和wish的用法相同，表示的意愿也基本相同。Ifonlyitwouldrain.但愿天能下點(diǎn)兒雨！=HowIwishitwouldrain.IfonlyIhadknownherearlier!要是我早點(diǎn)兒認(rèn)識(shí)她就好了！=IwishIhadknownherearlier.B．wouldratherwouldrather,wouldprefer,wouldsooner等后接從句，表示“寧愿”，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)表示當(dāng)時(shí)和將來(lái)的情況，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的情況。Iwouldratheryoulefttoday.我寧可你今天走。Iwouldpreferhedidn'tstayheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在這兒呆得太久。IwouldratherIhadn'tseenthatfilmyesterday.我寧愿昨天沒(méi)有看那場(chǎng)電影。提示：wouldrather主要有兩種用法。1．后接不帶to的不定式I'dratherplaytennisthanswim.我寧愿打網(wǎng)球，也不愿游泳。I'drathernotgotothemovies.我寧愿不去看電影。Whichwouldyouratherhave,teaorcoffee你喜歡喝茶，還是咖啡2．后接不用連詞的that從句I'dratheryouwenthomenow.我希望你現(xiàn)在就回家。Iwouldrathermydaughterattendedapublicschool.我希望我的女兒能上公立學(xué)校。C．表示愿望的感嘆句在表示祝愿的感嘆句中，用動(dòng)詞原形，表示愿望。LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!中華人民共和國(guó)萬(wàn)歲！Mayyoubehappy!祝您快樂(lè)！Godblessyou!上帝保佑你！Successattendyou!祝你成功！TheLordsaveus!愿主救我們！D．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去形式（could,might,should,would），可以用于非真實(shí)條件句以及其他結(jié)構(gòu)中表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。1．表示想像或猜測(cè)IfIcouldspeakFrench,Iwouldteachyou.如果我會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，我就能教你。（我不會(huì)，所以不能教你）Ifyouphonedhimrightnow,youmightgetthemattersettled.如果你現(xiàn)在給他打電話，你就可以把問(wèn)題解決了。Therecouldbesomethingwrongwiththetaperecorder.這臺(tái)錄音機(jī)可能出毛病了。Hemighthavesaidso.他可能這樣說(shuō)過(guò)。Couldhehavedonesuchafoolishthing他會(huì)做這樣的傻事嗎？2．表示委婉或客氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣（could,would,might+動(dòng)詞原形）可使說(shuō)話者的口氣變得委婉客氣。 Youcouldanswerthisemailforme.你可以替我回這個(gè)電子郵件。Couldyouleavemeyourtelephonenumberandaddress你能將電話號(hào)碼和地址留給我嗎？Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow勞駕把窗子打開(kāi)，好嗎？Youmightaswellputoffthediscussiontillnextweek.你們不妨把討論推遲到下個(gè)星期。比較：wouldliketodo愿意，想要wouldliketohavedone本來(lái)想Iwouldlike(tohave)awordwithyou.我想和你談一談。(現(xiàn)在想)Iwouldliketohavetalkedwithyou.我原本想和你談一談的。（沒(méi)有談成）3．表示惋惜或責(zé)備Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedonebetter.如果給我們更多時(shí)間，我們能夠干得更好些。（我們并沒(méi)有得到更多的時(shí)間）Youcouldhavegotupalittleearlier！你完全可以早點(diǎn)兒起來(lái)?。▽?shí)際上沒(méi)有早起）Itwascoldyesterday.Ishouldhavewornaheavycoat.昨天很冷，我該穿件厚外套的。（但我沒(méi)穿）Thiswallshouldn'thavebeenpainedblue.這墻不應(yīng)該漆成藍(lán)色。（但已漆了）提示：當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)一個(gè)顯著的變化就是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用越來(lái)越少，許多該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的地方都用陳述語(yǔ)氣代替。HesuggestedthatIwenttothehospitalatonce.他建議我們立刻去醫(yī)院。（原應(yīng)用shouldgo）Weshallwritedowntheaddresslestweforget.我們要把地址記下來(lái)，以免忘記。（原應(yīng)用shouldforget）Imagineyouareanastronaut.設(shè)想你是個(gè)宇航員。（原應(yīng)用were）ExerciseOne1.Wedemandedthatwe__________ofanychangeintheplan.A)informedB)wouldbeinformedC)beinformedD)hadbeeninformed2.It’snecessarythathe_________arecognizedqualification.A)hasB)haveC)hadD)having3.It'shightimewe____________ourattentiontothisproblem.A)turnedB)turnC)hadturnedD)wouldturn4.Ifonlyyou__________himwhatIsaid!Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.didn'ttoldB)hadn'ttoldC)wouldnottellD)wouldhavenottold5.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhe____________herethen.wouldhavebeenB)hadbeenC)shouldhavebeenD)couldbe6.Muchlabourwouldhavebeensavediftheelectroniccomputers_____________before.hadinventedB)wereinventedC)shouldhavebeeninventedD)hadbeeninvented7._____________ceaseadvertising,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.A)WeretheytoB)CouldtheyC)IftheyD)Wouldthey8.Fiveminutesearlier,andwe____________thelastbus.hadcaughtB)shouldhavecaughtC)couldhavecaughtD)caught9.You____________theclothes!Wehaveawasherwomantodothatsortofthing.A)shouldn'thavewashedB)mustn'thavewashedC)cannothavewashedD)needn'thavewashed10.Jeandoesn'twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldn'tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)couldhavegot11.Themadmanwasputinthesoft-paddedcelllesthe_____________himself.A)injureB)hadinjuredC)injuredD)wouldinjure12.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios__________after11o'clockatnight.A)werenotplayedB)nottoplayC)notbeplayedD)didnotplay13.Youdon'thavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou_________onbusinessfirst.(98-1-59)A)wouldgoB)willgoC)wentD)havegone14.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney___________tofundtheproject.A)becollectedB)mustbecollectedC)wascollectedD)canbecollected15.Ifonlythecommittee__________theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.approveB)willapproveC)canapproveD)wouldapprove16.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A)isassignedB)willbeassignedC)beassignedD)hasbeenassigned17.You_________herinherofficelastFriday;she'sbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.needn'thaveseenB)musthaveseenC)mighthaveseenD)can'thaveseen18.Wedidn'tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_________him.A)wouldhavetelephonedB)musthavetelephonedC)wouldtelephoneD)hadtelephoned19.Itisrecommendedthattheproject_________untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.A)isnotstartedB)willnotbestartedC)notbestartedD)isnottobestarted20.IwishI________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A)couldhavesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept21.I________hertothepartybutIdidn'tknowherwell.A)oughthaveB)wouldhaveinvitedC)shouldinviteD)mayhaveinvited22.You________totowntoseethefilmlastweek.ItwillbeonTVtomorrow.A)needn'tgoB)shouldnotgoC)hadbetternotgoD)needn'thavegone23.Withallthisworkonhand,he__________tothecinemalastnight.A)mustn'tgoB)wouldn'tgoC)oughtn'ttogoD)shouldn'thavegone24.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms___________backbeforethedeadline(截止日期)A)mustbesentB)wouldbesentC)besentD)weresent

ExerciseTwo1.IfI_________theopportunityIwouldnothavemissedit.A)hadgivenC)hadbeengivingB)wasgivenD)hadbeengiven2.Ifwe_______yesterday,we_________thework.A)weren'tinterrupted..,wouldfinishB)didn'tinterrupt..,wouldhavefinishedC)hadn'tbeeninterrupted..,wouldhavefinishedD)hadn'tinterrupted..,wouldhavefinished3.Askhimtoringmeupifyou____________him.A)shouldseeC).sawB)wouldseeD)willsee4.Yourexaminationresultswerequitesatisfactory,but________ifyouhadspentlesstimeinplayingfootball?A)wouldn'ttheyhavebeenbetterC)won'ttheybebetterB)wouldn'ttheybebetterD)won'ttheyhavebeenbetter5.Ididn'tknowthisPicassoexhibitwasclosed,butIwouldn'thavebeenabletocomeevenif_________aboutit.A)IknowC)IhavebeenknowingB)I'dknownD)I'veknown6.Ifhe___________hardinthepastfiveyears,thingswouldn'tbegoingsosmoothly.A)hadnotbeenworkingC)wasnotworkingB)hasnotbeenworkingD)werenotworking7."Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?""No.Ifhehad,Idon'tbelievehe__________thelivingroomwindow."A)wouldhavebrokenC)hasbrokenB)hadbrokenD)broke8.Iwishthatyouhadn'thadsuchabadheadachebecauseI'msurethatyou________theconcert.A)willenjoyC)wouldenjoyB)willhaveenjoyedD)wouldhaveenjoyed9.I'dratheryou__________anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A)doB)didn'tdoC)don'tdoD)didn't10.Hedoesn'tdaretoleavethehouseincase___________.A)hewillrecognizeC)heisrecognizedB)heshouldberecognizedD)herecognize11.Heisworkinghardforfearthathe___________.A)fellbehindC)shouldfallbehindB)mayfallbehindD)wouldfallbehind12.Thedriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit_________ontheway.A)breaksdownC)wouldbreakdownB)brokedownD)shouldbreakdown13.Itishighlydesirablethatanewchairman___________forthecommittee.A)willbeelectedC)electB)iselectedD)beelected14.Itisrequestedthateverystudent___________aplanforthenextsemester.A)makesB)willmakeC)makeD)wouldmake15.Thelibrarianrecommendedthattheprofessor__________thenewlypublishedbook.A)borrowC)shouldhaveborrowedB)borrowedD)borr