山東省濟(jì)寧市鄒城市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月階段性檢測英語試題含解析

高二年級10月英語學(xué)科月考試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Getoffthebus.B.Askthepassenger.C.Checktheschedule.2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inacinema.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.3.Whatwasdifficultfortheman?A.Waitingtogethelp.B.Drivinginthesnow.C.Findingaparkingplace.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aclub.B.Asong.C.Avideo.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HeplanstorevisitYellowstone.B.Hedoesn’tthinkthevisitisgood.C.Heagreeswiththewoman’sopinion.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中做給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Newfacilitiesassistingthedisabled.B.Trafficsafetyforpeoplewithdisabilities.C.Thedifficultiesthatdisabledpeopleface.7.Whomightbenefitmostfromthenewdoors?A.Peopleinwheelchairs.B.Peoplewithhearingloss.C.Peoplewithvisionproblems.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Forwhatdidthemangethispetdog?A.Hisgraduation.B.Hisresponsibility.C.Hisacademicperformance.9.Whatisthemostimportantdutyforkeepingadog?A.Learningaboutitscharacter.B.Takinggoodcaretokeepithealthy.C.Trainingitintoawellbehavedone.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whycan’tDavidcheckthebooksout?A.HisstudentIDisnotavailable.B.Hehasn’treturnedtheoverduebook.C.Hehasbeenfinedbythelibrarybefore.11.WhydoesDavidneedthefivebooks?A.Todohisfriendafavor.B.Toworkonhisresearchpaper.C.Toprepareforthemidtermexam.12.WhatdoesthewomanadviseDavidtodo?A.Callhisfriend.B.ApplyforanewID.C.Makeacopy.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhyisChenaskingforleave?A.Toprepareforthefinalexam.B.Tospendtimewithherparents.C.TotravelaroundinLosAngeles.14.WhatdoweknowaboutChen’sparents?A.Theydon’tspeakEnglish.B.Theywillgetaroundthemselves.C.Theydon’thaveanelectronictranslator.15.HowmanydaysisChenallowedtotakeoff?A.Twodays.B.Fourdays.C.Sevendays,16.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Employerandemployee.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthepurposeofthespeech?A.Tointroducecollegelifetostudents.B.Towelestudentsbacktoschool.C.Tocongratulatestudentsontheirgraduation.18.WhatisthecorevalueofRedmondHighSchool?A.Gratitude.B.Leadership.C.Perseverance.19.Whatdoesthespeakerinspirethestudentstohave?A.Confidence.B.Intelligence.C.Patience.20.Whoisgivingthisspeechmostprobably?A.Astudent’sparent.B.AgraduatestudentC.Aschoolheadmaster.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A,B.C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。答案寫在答題卡上。AAmazingappshelpingseniorsstaysharpUndoubtedly,yourgrandparentsgainexperienceandwisdomastheygetolder.However,theyarelikelytobeanxiousabouthealthproblemsmanyseniorsface,especiallythefrighteningdisorderofmentalfunctioning—thinking,remembering,andreasoning.Butdon’tworry!Theappsareheretohelpyourgrandmaandgrandpa.Itpresentslevelbasedcrosswordpuzzlesandwordsearchgames,featuringoversizedbuttonsandcontrolsforseniors.Itsgamesusepointsystemstojudgetheperformanceofplayersanditcandynamicallyadjustthedifficultyofgamestosuiteachindividual—whichkeepsseniorsenjoyingtheirsenseofachievement.Itincludeseverythingseniorsneedtostaysharpminded.Alltheyhavetodoisspendtenminutesperdayplayingawiderangeoftheapp’s45availablegames.Peakevenincludesabuiltinpersonaltrainerthathelpstrackplayers’progressandarrangetheseepsthatthey’llneedtoimprovetheirmentalsharpness.Ittakesascientificapproachtobraintrainingwithavarietyofgamestoimproveseniors’mentalkeenness.Playersbeginbyseeinghowwelltheychallengespecifictypesofmentalabilities.Thenwithfunthemesandenjoyableelementsadded,theycankeepplayersengagedwhileimprovingtheirperformanceatthegiventasks.Itisamultipurposeappthathelpsseniorskeepfitwithbraintraining,physicalactivities,andtipsonhealthyeating.Theapproachstartswithbrain.stimulatinggamesthatimprovememory,attentionandspeed.Andtotopitoff,italsoeswithseniorfriendlyworkoutvideos.1.Whatcanthefourappshelpseniorsdo?A.Gainexperienceandwisdom. B.Keeplifeinorder.C.Relievementalaginganxiety. D.Extendsocialcircle.2.HowdoesWittyWordsappmakeoperationeasierforthesenions?A.Bydesigninglargebuttons. B.Bytracingtheirprogress.C.Byusingbuiltintrainers. D.Byprovidingdynamicgames,3.Whichappalsohelpstheseniorstobuildupthebody?A.WittyWords. B.Peak. C.Lumosity. D.MindMate.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幫助老年人保持思維敏捷的四個(gè)應(yīng)用程序。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“Undoubtedly,yourgrandparentsgainexperienceandwisdomastheygetolder.However,theyarelikelytobeanxiousabouthealthproblemsmanyseniorsface,especiallythefrighteningdisorderofmentalfunctioningthinking,remembering,andreasoning.Butdon’tworry!Theappsareheretohelpyourgrandmaandgrandpa.(毫無疑問，隨著年齡的增長，你的祖父母會(huì)積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)和智慧。然而，他們可能會(huì)對許多老年人面臨的健康問題感到焦慮，尤其是令人恐懼的心理功能障礙——思考、記憶和推理。但別擔(dān)心！這些應(yīng)用程序是用來幫助你的爺爺奶奶的。)”可知，這四款應(yīng)用程序能幫助老年人緩解心理衰老焦慮。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WittyWords”介紹中的“Itpresentslevelbasedcrosswordpuzzlesandwordsearchgames,featuringoversizedbuttonsandcontrolsforseniors.(它提供了基于級別的填字游戲和單詞搜索游戲，為老年人提供了超大的按鈕和控件。)”可知，WittyWords應(yīng)用程序通過設(shè)計(jì)大按鈕讓老年人更容易操作。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“MindMate”介紹中的“Itisamultipurposeappthathelpsseniorskeepfitwithbraintraining,physicalactivities,andtipsonhealthyeating.Theapproachstartswithbrain.stimulatinggamesthatimprovememory,attentionandspeed.Andtotopitoff,italsoeswithseniorfriendlyworkoutvideos.(這是一個(gè)多用途的應(yīng)用程序，可以幫助老年人通過大腦訓(xùn)練、體育活動(dòng)和健康飲食提示來保持健康。方法從大腦開始。刺激游戲，提高記憶力，注意力和速度。最重要的是，它還配有適合老年人的鍛煉視頻。)”可知，MindMate通過大腦訓(xùn)練、體育活動(dòng)和健康飲食技巧幫助老年人保持健康，還配有適合老年人的鍛煉視頻。由此可知，MindMate能夠幫助老年人增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。故選D。B“Itwaswritteninsomesense,”SophieBlake,aphysicsprofessor,wouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializedtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie.Myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymother’sanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semiseriously.Blakealwaysenjoyedbuildingthingslikeachildengineer.Itwasn’tunusualforhertoexperimentwithherfather’sresearchequipment.Shethanks,inpart,hershortattentionperiodforherinquisitiveness,“Iamalwayslookingforsomething.”Forthelastfewyears,Blakehasbeensearchingforsignsoftheuniverse’searlyexistence—fromthebirthofthefirststarstothe“cosmic(宇宙的)darkages”—andshe’sbuildingherownequipmenttoexplorebeyondtheknownuniverse,focusingonitsdistantpastwithnovelradiotechnology.Since2017,BlakeandherteamhavebeenengineeringandplantingradiotelescopesintwooftheEarth’smostremote(andquietest)locationsforthebestshotathearingtheearliestvoiceoftheuniverse.Initially,BlakeplannedaPhDinparticle(粒子)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabwithmessyequipmentandtoolseverywhereattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologythenbutthought,‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”ShespentayearattheAmundsenScottSouthPoleStation,afterconductingexperimentsofaballoonbornemicrowavetelescopelaunchedfromMcMurdo.“Thatreallyinspiredmyloveforremoteplaces,”shesaid.Eventually,shewantedtoengineerherowninstruments.AfterheryearattheSouthPole,shejoinedtheUniversityofKwaZuluNatalinSouthAfrica.Atthattime,thesitedecisionwasmadeforthelargestradiotelescopegrouponEarth.“ThiswasalsoaleapoffaithbecauseIreallycouldn’tcontinuetheworkIwasdoingbefore.”Blakerecalls.“IhadneverdoneradiobeforebutIthought,‘Letmegivethisatryandseehowitgoes.’”4.WhatcanweinferfromBlake’sjokeinparagraph1?A.Shefollowsinherparents’footsteps. B.Shedevelopsaninterestintelescopes.C.Sheliesaboutherparents’professions. D.Shelivesuptoherparents’expectations.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inquisitiveness”inparagraph2mean?A.Talent. B.Courage. C.Curiosity. D.Intelligence.6.WhatstimulatedBlake’spassionfordistantplaces?A.Hervisittoalabinauniversity. B.Herwishtobuildherownequipment.C.Herfaithinhearingthecosmicsound. D.HerexperienceataSouthPoleStation.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBlake?A.Confidentandcaring. B.Generousandoptimistic.C.Modestandopenminded. D.Adventurousanddetermined.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述SophieBlake改變研究方向——從粒子物理學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)向宇宙觀測學(xué)——的經(jīng)歷和之后在該領(lǐng)域所做相關(guān)研究工作?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Itwaswritteninsomesense,”SophieBlake,aphysicsprofessor,wouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializedtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie.Myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymother’sanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semiseriously.(物理學(xué)教授索菲·布萊克最終選擇了觀測宇宙學(xué)——用專門的望遠(yuǎn)鏡研究宇宙的起源和發(fā)展——“從某種意義上說，它是寫出來的。”“我不想撒謊。我父親是個(gè)物理學(xué)家。我媽媽是天文學(xué)家。但沒有孩子想要像他們的父母一樣，”她半嚴(yán)肅地開玩笑說)”可知，布萊克最終還是繼承了父母的事業(yè)，成為了宇宙學(xué)家。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Iamalwayslookingforsomething.(我總是在尋找一些東西)”可知，她總是尋找一些東西，說明充滿好奇心，故劃線部分單詞意思為“好奇心”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“ShespentayearattheAmundsenScottSouthPoleStation,afterconductingexperimentsofaballoonbornemicrowavetelescopelaunchedfromMcMurdo.“Thatreallyinspiredmyloveforremoteplaces,”shesaid.(她在阿蒙森斯科特南極站呆了一年，在那里進(jìn)行了從麥克默多發(fā)射的氣球載微波望遠(yuǎn)鏡的實(shí)驗(yàn)?！斑@真的激發(fā)了我對偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的熱愛，”她說)”可知，在南極站的經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了布萊克對遠(yuǎn)方的熱情。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologythenbutthought,‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”(“當(dāng)時(shí)我還不知道觀測宇宙學(xué)，但我想，‘不管這是什么，我都想做?！?”可知，Blake是一個(gè)堅(jiān)決果斷的人；根據(jù)最后一段““IhadneverdoneradiobeforebutIthought,‘Letmegivethisatryandseehowitgoes.’”(“我以前從來沒有做過廣播，但我想，‘讓我試一試，看看會(huì)怎么樣?！?”可知，她還是一個(gè)有冒險(xiǎn)精神、敢于嘗試新鮮事物的人。故選D。CAshumanityhasgotricher,animal’sroleshavechanged.Peopleneedtheirserviceslessthanbefore.Fewerwolvesandthievesmeantlessdemandfordogsforprotection;theinternalbustionengine(內(nèi)燃機(jī))madehorsesunneeded;modernsanitation(衛(wèi)生設(shè)備)keptratsincheckandmadecatslessuseful.Domesticanimalsarenolongernecessities,butmonlyseenpanions.Petkeepingseemstobeemoreandmorepopular,asarecentsurveyfoundthat69%ofAmericanhouseholdskeepatleastonepet.Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpetnumbers,becausepeoplearespendingmoreandmoremoneyonthem.Nolongeraretheyfoodwasterecyclers,fedwiththeremainsthatfallfromtheirmasters’tables.Petfoodshelvesarefullofcuisinestailoredtosatisfyarangeofappetites,includingicecreamfordogsandfoodsforpetsthatareold,diabetic,orsufferfromsensitivedigestion.Inthebusiness,thisiscalled“pethumanization”—thetendencyofpetownerstotreattheirpetsaspartofthefamily.Thisisobviousinthenamesgiventodogs,whichhaveevolvedfromFido,Rex,andSpottoBella,Lucy,andMax.Peoplestillholdthefalseassumptionthatpetsmustbeworkingforhumanityinsomeway,perhapsmakingpeoplehealthierorlessanxious.Buttheevidenceforthatisweak.Newresearchsuggeststhatdogshaveevolvedthose“cuteeyes”toaffecthumanemotionsandcontrolthem,whichworksverywell.Humansnowworkveryhardtopayforthecareoftheirpets.Forexample,Americansoftenrefertothemselvesnotascatownersbutasthecat’s“mommy”or“daddy”.SouthKoreansgoonestepfurther,describingthemselvesascat“butlers(管家)”.Watchanunluckymanwalkinghisdog,plasticbaginhandtopickupitsmess,andwehavetodoubt:who’sinchargenow?Isthisrelationshipwhatwereallywant?8.Whatcanwelearnabouttheanimalkeepingtrend?A.People’sneedsforanimalservicesareincreasing.B.Thepriceforpurchasingadomesticpetisontherise.C.Petfoodsarelessvariousandcustomizedthanbefore.D.Boththepetnumberandthepetbusinessaregrowing.9.Whichofthefollowingistheevidenceof“pethumanization”?A.Pets’abilitytomaketheirownerslessanxious.B.Human’sincreasinginvestmentinpetkeeping.C.Pet’srolesasbothworkingstaffandpanions.D.Theowners’preferencetogivepetshumannames.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrenthumanpetrelationship?A.Skeptical. B.Conservative. C.Unclear. D.Approving.11.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheChangingRolesofPetsB.TheGrowingTrendofPetBusinessCTheCrazeforPetkeepingD.TheProsandConsofKeepingPets【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寵物經(jīng)濟(jì)的崛起，隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展，動(dòng)物在人類生活中扮演的角色也發(fā)生了變化，甚至開始在人們的生活中占有相當(dāng)大的比例。文章也借此發(fā)出質(zhì)疑，這是有必要的嗎？【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thepetbusinessisgrowingevenfasterthanpetnumbers,becausepeoplearespendingmoreandmoremoneyonthem.(寵物生意比寵物數(shù)量增長得更快，因?yàn)槿藗冊趯櫸锷砩匣ǖ腻X越來越多。)”可知，寵物的數(shù)量增長的很快，但是寵物經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展更迅速，說明二者都在迅速發(fā)展，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisisobviousinthenamesgiventodogs,whichhaveevolvedfromFido,Rex,andSpottoBella,Lucy,andMax.(這一點(diǎn)從人們給狗起的名字中就可以明顯地看出來，它們的名字已經(jīng)從菲多、雷克斯、點(diǎn)點(diǎn)演變成了貝拉、露西和馬克斯。)”可知，狗的名字從動(dòng)物化的名字轉(zhuǎn)為人類的名字，說明人們開始把他們當(dāng)作家人看待，也就是“寵物人文化”的證據(jù)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Isthisrelationshipwhatwereallywant?(這樣的關(guān)系是我們真正想要的嗎？)”可知，文章認(rèn)為人們?yōu)閯?dòng)物付出太多，甚至被寵物主導(dǎo)生活，這不是我們想要的那種生活方式，作者對這種人類和動(dòng)物的關(guān)系持懷疑態(tài)度，故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Domesticanimalsarenolongernecessities,butmonlyseenpanions.(家畜不再是必需品，而是常見的伙伴。)”可知，隨著人類社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，動(dòng)物在人類生活中不再是為了生產(chǎn)而屯養(yǎng)的必需品，而是轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱藢櫸锖突锇?，這說明文章的關(guān)鍵詞是“動(dòng)物”和“角色轉(zhuǎn)變”，A選項(xiàng)（寵物的角色轉(zhuǎn)變）符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。DImagineawarmspringday66millionyearsago.ThesecouldhavebeentheverylastmomentsofthedinosaurerawhenacitysizedasteroidstruckEarthkillingoffthreequartersofallspeciesontheplanet.AccordingtoastudypublishedinNatureonFeb23,theasteroidhitinspringtime.Scientistshavelongbeenconfusedoverthetimeofyeartheasteroidhit,andhowsomeanimalsmanagedtosurvivewhiledinosaursdidn’t,accordingtoUSAToday.Researchersin20l9discoveredfossilizedfishesinNorthDakotathatdiedshortlyaftertheasteroidhitEarth.Theyexaminedthefossilswithaparticleacceleratorandfoundouttherewasseasonalgrowthonthebone.Allfishbonecelldensitiesandvolumescanindicatetheseason.Becausetheacceleratoralsocouldcapturethesizes,researcherswereabletodeterminewhenintheyeartheasteroidhit,DennisVoetentoldUSAToday.“IthinkspringputsalargegroupofthelateCretaceousbiotainaveryunprotectedspotbecausetheywereoutandaboutlookingforfood,tendingtooffspringafterthewinter,”MelanieDuring,themainauthorofthestudy.IntheSouthernHemisphere,itwasautumn.Therefore,lifeintheSouthernHemispherewasalotmorepreparedforthisevent.ItisunclearwhethersmallanimalsintheNorthernHemisphereactuallydidworsethanthoseinthesouth.ThereisevidencethatNorthernHemisphereturtleswerewipedoutintheasteroidstrike,afterwhichtheirhabitatswerelaterrepopulatedbyturtlesfromthesouth,VoetentoldTheGuardian.Nothingmuchlargerthanahousecatsurvivedtheasteroidimpactandmanyspecieswouldhavebeenkilledwheneverithit,DanielField,aprofessorattheUniversityofCambridge,toldTheGuardian.12.Whichprobablyhelpsfindthetimeofyeartheasteroidhit?A.Thetypesoffossilizedfishes. B.Thelocationoffossilizedfishes.C.Thenumberoffishfossilsinthearea. D.Thevolumeanddensityofthefishbonecells.13.Whatcausesthespecies’extinctionwhentheasteroidhitinMelanieDuring’sopinion?A.Theseasonofthehit. B.Thesizeofasteroid.C.Thegroupsizeofspecies. D.Thebodyshapeofanimals.14.WhichwouldDanielFieldmostprobablyagreewith?A.Chancesofsurvivaldependedonitwherethespecieslivedatthetime.B.Manyspeciescouldhavesurvivedtheasteroidstrikebutfortheseason.C.Manyspecieshadlittlechancetosurviveevenifitwasadifferentseason.D.AnimalsfromtheSouthernHemispherewerelessaffectedbyasteroidstrikes.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheSciencebehindtheAsteroid B.OccurrenceoftheNaturalDisasterC.TheEffectofDinosaurs’Extinction D.NewResearchontheAsteroidStrike【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于小行星撞擊地球的研究，介紹了研究開展的過程以及人們對此的不同看法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Allfishbonecelldensitiesandvolumescanindicatetheseason.Becausetheacceleratoralsocouldcapturethesizes,researcherswereabletodeterminewhenintheyeartheasteroidhit,DennisVoetentoldUSAToday.(所有魚骨細(xì)胞的密度和體積都可以指示季節(jié)。丹尼斯·沃騰告訴《今日美國》，因?yàn)榧铀倨饕部梢圆蹲降叫⌒行堑拇笮?，研究人員能夠確定小行星撞擊地球的時(shí)間)”可知，魚骨細(xì)胞的體積和密度可能有助于找到小行星撞擊地球的時(shí)間。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““IthinkspringputsalargegroupofthelateCretaceousbiotainaveryunprotectedspotbecausetheywereoutandaboutlookingforfood,tendingtooffspringafterthewinter,”MelanieDuring,themainauthorofthestudy.(“我認(rèn)為春天把一大批晚白堊紀(jì)生物群置于一個(gè)非常不受保護(hù)的地方，因?yàn)樗鼈兂鋈ふ沂澄?，在冬天之后照顧后代，”該研究的主要作者M(jìn)elanieDuring說)”可知，小行星撞擊地球?qū)е挛锓N滅絕的原因是撞擊的季節(jié)。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nothingmuchlargerthanahousecatsurvivedtheasteroidimpactandmanyspecieswouldhavebeenkilledwheneverithit,DanielField,aprofessorattheUniversityofCambridge,toldTheGuardian.(劍橋大學(xué)教授DanielField在接受《衛(wèi)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示，沒有比家貓大得多的動(dòng)物在小行星撞擊中幸存下來，很多物種都可能在每次撞擊中死亡)”可推知，DanielField最有可能同意C選項(xiàng)“即使是不同的季節(jié)，許多物種也很少有機(jī)會(huì)生存”的觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Imagineawarmspringday66millionyearsago.ThesecouldhavebeentheverylastmomentsofthedinosaurerawhenacitysizedasteroidstruckEarth,killingoffthreequartersofallspeciesontheplanet.AccordingtoastudypublishedinNatureonFeb23,theasteroidhitinspringtime.(想象一下6600萬年前一個(gè)溫暖的春日。這可能是恐龍時(shí)代的最后時(shí)刻，一顆城市大小的小行星撞擊了地球，殺死了地球上四分之三的物種。根據(jù)2月23日發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究，這顆小行星在春季撞擊地球)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于小行星撞擊地球的研究，介紹了研究開展的過程以及人們對此的不同看法?？芍?，D選項(xiàng)“小行星撞擊的新研究”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Whenyouhaveresilience(恢復(fù)力),youhavetheinnerstrengththathelpsyoureboundfromasetbackorchallenge.___16___Herearesomeskillstohelpyoudevelopresilience.Realizeit’snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It’snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur.___17___Knowingthis,it’simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.Learnfromthepast.___18___Thinkaboutwhathashelpedyouthroughtoughtimes.Youcanevenwriteaboutpasteventsinajournaltohelpyouseethepatternsofhowyoubehaveandtohelpguideyouinthefuture.___19___Tendtoyourownneedsandfeelings.Doactivitiesandhobbiesyouenjoy.Includephysicalactivityinyourdailyroutine.Getplentyofsleepandmakebedtimerituals.Eatahealthydiet.Practicehowtomanagestress.Trywaystorelaxsuchasyoga,meditation,guidedimagery,deepbreathingorprayer.Takeaction.Don’tignoreyourproblems.___20___Itcantaketimetorecoverfromamajorsetback,traumaorloss.Butknowthatyourlifecanimproveifyouworkatit.A.Takecareofyourself.B.Makeeverydayhavemeaning.C.Thinkofhowyou’vecopedwithtroublesinthepast.DConnectwithothersbyjoiningafaithorspiritualgroup.E.Instead,figureoutwhatyouneedtodo,makeaplanandtakeaction.F.Inotherwords,it’snotaboutwhetherachallengewillhappen,butwhen.G.Ifyoulackresilience,youmightgetstuckonproblemsorfeellikeavictim.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)力的技巧。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Whenyouhaveresilience(恢復(fù)力),youhavetheinnerstrengththathelpsyoureboundfromasetbackorchallenge.(當(dāng)事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)，你是傾向于反彈還是崩潰？當(dāng)你有韌性時(shí)，你有內(nèi)在的力量，可以幫助你從挫折或挑戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù)過來)”可知，上文提到了有韌性的情況。由此可知，本句是在說明缺乏韌性會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問題，G選項(xiàng)“如果你缺乏適應(yīng)力，你可能會(huì)被問題困住，或者感覺自己像個(gè)受害者”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Realizeit’snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It’snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur(意識(shí)到這很正常。只有不到20%的人第一次就成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。出現(xiàn)挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的)”以及后文“Knowingthis,it’simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.(知道了這一點(diǎn)，重要的是要預(yù)見到，當(dāng)挫折出現(xiàn)時(shí)，主要任務(wù)是如何有效地管理挫折)”可知，上文提到了發(fā)生挫折很正常，后文提到了預(yù)見挫折。由此可知，重要的是預(yù)知挑戰(zhàn)出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“換句話說，問題不在于挑戰(zhàn)是否會(huì)發(fā)生，而在于何時(shí)發(fā)生”符合語境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Learnfromthepast.(汲取過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn))”以及后文“Thinkaboutwhathashelpedyouthroughtoughtimes.Youcanevenwriteaboutpasteventsinajournaltohelpyouseethepatternsofhowyoubehaveandtohelpguideyouinthefuture.(想想是什么幫助你度過了困難時(shí)期。你甚至可以把過去的事情寫在日記里，這樣可以幫助你了解自己的行為模式，并幫助你在未來指導(dǎo)自己)”可知，本段的主旨是回憶過去是如何應(yīng)對困難的，汲取過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，C選項(xiàng)中past對應(yīng)上文past。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“想想你過去是如何應(yīng)對困難的”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Tendtoyourownneedsandfeelings.Doactivitiesandhobbiesyouenjoy.Includephysicalactivityinyourdailyroutine.Getplentyofsleepandmakebedtimerituals.Eatahealthydiet.Practicehowtomanagestress.Trywaystorelax,suchasyoga,meditation,guidedimagery,deepbreathingorprayer.(關(guān)注自己的需求和感受。做你喜歡的活動(dòng)和愛好。在你的日常生活中加入體育活動(dòng)。保證充足的睡眠，養(yǎng)成睡前習(xí)慣。吃健康的飲食。練習(xí)如何管理壓力。嘗試一些放松的方法，比如瑜伽、冥想、引導(dǎo)想象、深呼吸或祈禱)”可知，本段的主旨是照顧好自己，關(guān)注自己的需求和感受。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“多保重”符合語境，故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeaction.Don’tignoreyourproblems.(采取行動(dòng)。不要忽視你的問題)”可知，上文提到了不要忽視你的問題。由此可知，本句是在說明真正應(yīng)該做什么，E選項(xiàng)“相反，要弄清楚你需要做什么，制定計(jì)劃并采取行動(dòng)”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,75yearoldDeloresBushongreturnedhomeandcouldn’tfindhercatHank.Aftercallinghisnameintheneighborhood,shefinallyspottedhim____21____upatree.ShebelievedHankwasfrightenedbysomedogs.Bushongwas____22____abouthowhewouldgetdown.Shecalledthefiredepartmentandevenconstructionpaniesbutnonewereabletoe.Bushongfeltextremely____23____,butherneighborsshowedherthatshewasnotalone.EdBaptiste,whosetreeHankhadclimbed,letBushongsitinhisbackyardandcalltoHank.Anotherneighbor____24____acanofsardines(沙丁魚),hopingitmightmakethehungrycat____25____.Nearbydogownerstooktheirpetsonwalksinsteadofleittingthemoutintheiryardstoavoidfurther____26____Hank.Bydayfive,despitethekindnessoftheseneighbors,nothinghad____27____.That’swhenanotherneighbortoldBushonghowherfriends____28____theircatfromatreebefore.Theyloopedsomeropearoundatallbranchandpulleda____29____uptowherethecatwassitting.Thecatthenjumpedinandreturnedto_____30_____.ThenBushongfledasmallbasketwithsomeofHank’sfavoritethings.Withthehelpofvolunteersfromalocaltreepany,theyshotapulley(滑輪)attachedtoaropehighintothetree.Theygot_____31_____onthefirsttry,astheropecaughtabranchdirectlyaboveHank.Pullingontheotherendoftherope,they_____32_____thebasketjustbeneathhim.Totheirgreat_____33_____,hejumpedin,andtheyloweredhim.Hank’s_____34_____taughthisgratefulowneralessonabout_____35_____helpingneighborsandsmallactsofkindness.Fromthenon,Hankcouldonlygooutsidewithhisowner.21.A.tied B.stuck C.touched D.lost22.A.surprised B.confused C.worried D.annoyed23.A.helpless B.ashamed C.dissatisfied D.shocked24.A.collected B.donated C.sold D.received25.A.edown B.slowdown C.lookdown D.calmdown26.A.refreshing B.disturbing C.scaring D.seizing27.A.happened B.arrived C.worked D.mattered28.A.attracted B.rescued C.discovered D.treated29.A.basket B.box C.bottle D.bench30.A.relief B.normal C.safety D.strength31.A.careful B.nervous C.upset D.smooth32.A.discovered B.permitted C.threw D.positioned33.A.interest B.disappointment C.delight D.sorrow34.A.adventure B.appearance C.challenge D.performance35.A.strangers B.neighbors C.passersby D.volunteers【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.A26.C27.C28.A29.A30.C31.D32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述Bushong的貓Hank爬到樹上下不來，被困在樹上五天，在鄰居的安慰和幫助下成功救下了Hank，這讓Bushong意識(shí)到了鄰居之間互相幫助的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在附近叫了他的名字后，她終于發(fā)現(xiàn)他被困在一棵樹上。A.tied打成平局的，系緊的；B.stuck被困住的；C.touched受感動(dòng)的；D.lost迷路的。根據(jù)下文“Bydayfive,despitethekindnessoftheseneighbors,nothinghad____7____.”可知Hank被困在樹上好幾天，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Bushong擔(dān)心他自己怎么下去。A.surprised驚訝的；B.confused困惑的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.annoyed煩人的。根據(jù)下文“Shecalledthefiredepartmentandevenconstructionpaniesbutnonewereabletoe.”可知是Bushong非常擔(dān)心貓，所以才會(huì)給消防部門打幫忙，故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Bushong感到非常無助，但她的鄰居告訴她，她并不孤單。A.helpless無助的；B.ashamed羞恥的；C.dissatisfied不滿意的；D.shocked震驚的。根據(jù)上文“Shecalledthefiredepartmentandevenconstructionpaniesbutnonewereabletoe.”可知消防部門和建設(shè)公司的人都沒來，所以應(yīng)該是感到無助，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：另一位鄰居捐贈(zèng)了一罐沙丁魚，希望能讓這只饑餓的貓下來。A.collected收集；B.donated捐贈(zèng)；C.sold出售；D.received收到。根據(jù)上文“herneighborsshowedherthatshewasnotalone”可知鄰居來幫忙，拿了沙丁魚吸引貓下來，故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.edown下來；B.slowdown慢下來；C.lookdown俯視；D.calmdown鎮(zhèn)定。根據(jù)前文可知貓被困樹上了，鄰居來幫忙，拿了沙丁魚吸引貓下來，故選A。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：附近的狗主人帶著他們的寵物散步，而不是把它們放在院子里，以免進(jìn)一步嚇到Hank。A.refreshing使精神抖擻；B.disturbing打擾；C.scaring驚嚇；D.seizing抓住。根據(jù)上文“ShebelievedHankwasfrightenedbysomedogs.”可知其他鄰居把狗帶離院子以免嚇到Hank。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第五天，盡管鄰居們都很好心，但一切都沒起作用。A.happened發(fā)生；B.arrived到達(dá)；C.worked起作用；D.mattered要緊。根據(jù)上文“despitethekindnessoftheseneighbors”的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系以及下文繼續(xù)營救Hank可知應(yīng)該是都沒起作用，故選C。28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，另一位鄰居告訴Bushong，她的朋友們以前是如何把貓從樹上吸引過來的。A.attracted吸引；B.rescued拯救；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.treated對待。根據(jù)下文“Theyloopedsomeropearoundatallbranchandpulleda____9____uptowherethecatwassitting.Thecatthenjumpedinandreturnedto____10____”可知是講以前朋友怎么把貓吸引下來的，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們在所有的樹枝上系上繩子，拉了一個(gè)籃子到貓坐的地方。A.basket籃子；B.box盒子；C.bottle瓶子；D.bench長凳。根據(jù)下文“ThenBushongfledasmallbasketwithsomeofHank’sfavoritethings.”可知是basket的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后貓?zhí)诉M(jìn)去，安全返回。A.relief寬慰；B.normal常態(tài)；C.safety安全；D.strength力氣。根據(jù)上文“That’swhenanotherneighbortoldBushonghowherfriends____8____theircatfromatreebefore.”可知下文這個(gè)方法讓貓安全返回，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們第一次就成功了，繩子鉤住了Hank正上方的一根樹枝。A.careful仔細(xì)的；B.nervous緊張的；C.upset不安的；D.smooth順利的。根據(jù)下文“asthero