北師大版高中英語必修一知識點梳理總結(jié)北師大版

核心單詞必修一11.suppose猜想,認為；假定Itisgenerally/widelysupposedthat...人們普遍認為...e.g.人們普遍認為吸煙對身體有害。Itisgenerallysupposedthatsmokingisharmfultoone'shealth.be(not)supposedtodo(不)應(yīng)該做某事e.g.你應(yīng)該尊重他們的習慣和遵守家規(guī)。You'resupposedtorespecttheirhobitsandfollowthefamilyrule.Idon'tsupposethat...我認為...不e.g.我認為他不會同意的。Idon'tsupposethathewillagree.supposesb.todo/be...認為某人...e.g.我認為他有50歲。Isupposehimtobeaboutfifty.22.seldom很少，不經(jīng)常(=notoften)用法:seldom位于句首，句子常用部分倒裝e.g.她晚上很少外出。Seldomdoesshegooutatnight。聯(lián)想:否定副詞位于句首，句子常用部分倒裝我以前從未認真考慮過這個問題。(never)NeverhaveIthoughtaboutthisproblemseriouslybefore.直到你告訴他，他才對事實有所了解。(little)Littledidheknowthetruthuntilyoutoldhimaboutit.33.bored(人感到)厭煩的，不感興趣的boring令人厭煩的，煩人的(多指事物)be/getboredwith對...感到厭煩4.reduce減少，降低，縮小(尺寸、數(shù)量、價格等)

reduce/fall/decreaseby...減少了...reduce/fall/decreaseto...減少到...介詞填空:Itissaidthatpricesofoilwillbeincreasedmorethan7yuan.Becauseofthepressurefrompeople,housingpriceshasreduced10%sincethebeginningofthisyear.toby45.suffer受痛苦，受損害；遭受，經(jīng)歷(不愉快的事)sufferfrom深受...之苦，患(疾病)派生:suffering痛苦，苦難sufferer忍受苦難的人6.stand忍受，忍耐can't/couldn'tstandsth./doing無法/不能忍受...翻譯:他忍受不了別人的嘲笑。He她無法忍受丈夫的懶惰。Shecan'tstandbeinglaughingat.can'tstandherhusband'slaziness.57.prefer更喜歡,寧愿prefersb.todo寧愿某人做...preferthatsb.(should)do寧愿某人做...prefersth.tosth.喜歡...勝過...preferdoingsth.todoingsth.=prefertodoratherthando寧愿做...而不愿做...Iprefer(ride)abiketoworkratherthantakeacrowdedbus.Ipreferclassicalmusicrockmusic.torideto68.volunteer志愿者n.自愿或無償?shù)亟o予或提供（服務(wù)、幫助、建議等）v.volunteertodo自愿做某事，主動做某事dovoluntarywork做志愿者工作(voluntary自愿的，志愿的)volunteeras自愿擔任9.challenge挑戰(zhàn)n.向...挑戰(zhàn)，強烈建議v.giveachallenge提出挑戰(zhàn)accept/takeachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)faceachallenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)meetachallenge迎接挑戰(zhàn)challengesb.向某人挑戰(zhàn)派生:challenging挑戰(zhàn)性的，要求高的710.graduate畢業(yè)v.畢業(yè)生n.（大學）graduatefrom...畢業(yè)于...undergraduate（大學）未畢業(yè)postgraduate研究生11.protect保護protect...from/againststh.保護某人/某物免受某事的侵害Weshouldlearnhow..(我們應(yīng)該學會如何保護自己免受網(wǎng)上可能存在的危險。)toprotectourselvesagainstpossibledangersontheInternet812.win獲勝，贏得winsth.oversb.打敗某人贏得某物用法:win后面的賓語通常是表示“比賽，戰(zhàn)爭，選舉，獎品，聲譽”的名詞或者代詞，如game,race,match,competition,war,battle,prize,award等比較:beat和defeat的賓語通常是“敵人，（比賽）對手”，其搭配為beat/defeatsb.insth.在...中打敗某人Towinthegame,wewillhavetobeatatleast8teams.913.practice練習，實踐v.練習，實踐，實際n.practicesth./doing練習做某事inpratice實際上(inreality,infact)put...intopractice把...付諸實踐派生詞:practical實際的，實用的，可行的Practicalexperienceisoftenveryimportant.14.celebration慶祝，慶典have/holdacelebration舉行慶典incelebrationof為了慶祝......比較:congratulation祝賀1015.attend出席，參加比較:①attend是正式用語，指參加會議，報告，婚禮，葬禮，典禮，上課，上學等，不強調(diào)參加者在活動中所起的作用。②takepartin指參加群眾性活動等，并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。③joinin指參加比賽或活動，為日常用語。④join指加入某個黨派，團體或組織，成為其中一員。joinsb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事11重要詞組必修一1213aboutisalwayscomplainingcomplainedthat14takeup拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)（時間，空間）Hetookupfootballwhenhewasinseniorhighschool.Studytakesupmostofhertime.take的詞組:takeback收回（說過的話）ItakebackwhatIsay.takedown拿下，記下takeoff脫掉；（飛機）起飛takeon呈現(xiàn)Myhometownhastakenonanewlook.takeaway拿走takeawayfood15totellthetruth說實話，老實說同義:tobehonest;honestlyspeaking;franklyspeaking用法:totellthetruth為獨立成分，作插入語。這類不定式短語獨立成分還有tomakethingsworse(情況跟糟糕的是)，tobegin/startwith(首先)等。befilledwith=befullof充滿、裝滿聯(lián)想:fill...with...給...裝滿...她給油箱加滿了油。Shefilledhertankwithoil.16beproudof=takepridein因......而自豪live/leada......life過......的生活過著幸福的生活過著艱苦的生活過著貧窮的生活becauseof因為短語介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或者what從句作賓語同義:dueto/owingto/thanksto/asaresultof比較:because是連詞，后面接從句Theflightwasdelayedbecauseoftheheayfog.Theflightwasdelayedbecausetherewasaheavyfog.liveahappylifeliveahardlifeliveapoorlife17begin/startwithsth./bydoing以...開始聯(lián)想:tobeginwith(插入語)首先endupwithsth./bydoing以...結(jié)束翻譯:我們從學習單詞開始。Webeganbylearningwords.inone'sopinion=intheopinionofsb.=sb.thinks...在某人看來聯(lián)想:haveagood/high/bad/low/opinionof...對...評價高/不好18agreewith同意；與...一致；適合（氣候，食物）比較:agreewith表示與某人的觀點一致(=havethesameopinionas)agreetodosth.贊成做某事agreetosth.表示贊同別人提出的“提議，辦法，計劃，安排”等，即愿意“接受”或“允許”某事(=bewillingtoacceptorallowsth.)，但是可能實際并不參與。agreeon表示經(jīng)過雙方或多方協(xié)商“在某方面取得一致意見”，即商定。Thefooddidnotagreeher.Theyagreed(start)early.Theyagreedthepriceofthecar.I'mafraidthateitherofthemwillnotagreethisarrangement.Totellthetruth,Idon'tagreeyou.withtostartontowith19bestrictwithsb.(insth.)(在某方面)對某人嚴格要求Wemustbestrictwithourselvesinourstudies.lookback(on/uponsth.)回憶，回顧聯(lián)想:look+adv.+prep.的短語瞧不起，輕視lookdownupon盼望，期待lookforwardto尊敬lookuptobefamous/well-knownforsth.因...而著名befamous/knownassth.作為...而著名befamous/knowntosb.為某人說熟知Henanisfamoustopeopleasaprovincewiththemostpopulation.20onone'sown=byoneself獨自地，單獨地ofone'sown=one'sown屬于某人自己的Studentsaresupposedtolearntoliveontheirown.cometodo逐漸...，慢慢...用法:常與know,understand,be,love,like等感應(yīng)動詞，表示靜態(tài)的動詞連用，強調(diào)漸變過程Hecametorealizehismistake.聯(lián)想:cometooneself蘇醒過來21giveup放棄，認輸用法:后面跟名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語。跟代詞時，要將代詞放在give與up的中間。Yououghttogiveupsmoking;Igaveituplastyear.聯(lián)想:give+prep./adv.贈送；泄露giveaway（向某人）屈服givein(tosb.)放出，發(fā)出giveoff分發(fā)；用光，耗盡giveout歸還giveback22geton/alongwith與...相處；進展getonwellwithsb.與某人友好相處getonwellwithone'swork工作進展順利聯(lián)想:getdowntosth./doing開始認真做......makeprogress(in...)(在某方面)取得進步/進展用法:progress是不可數(shù)名詞，可以用good，rapid，great，slow，much，some，no，little等表程度的詞來修飾；makeprogress的主語一般指人。sb.makegoodprogressinsth.23burndown焚毀，燒毀聯(lián)想:burn...totheground燒成灰燼dependon/upon依靠，相信，信賴，取決于It/That(all)depends(on).那得看情況。dependonsb.forsth./todosth.依靠某人做某事運用:Hersuccessheredependsonhereffortandability.Iwanttoleaveearlybutitdependson.ontime按時，準時(atexactlytherighttime)聯(lián)想:及時，遲早attime(=earlyorsoonenough)提前aheadoftime(=earlierthanexpected)立刻innotime(=soon,inashorttime)有時attimes(=nowandthen,fromtimetotime)24beabouttodosth.剛要，即將；正要做某事用法:表示“即將，正要做某事“，一般不與表示時間的狀語連用；其否定式可表示”沒有打算做某事“；常于when連用構(gòu)成句型was/wereabouttodosth...when...正要做某事...就在這時/突然...IwasabouttogetonthebuswhenIheardmynamecalled.evenif/though即使Youcantakethefutureeventhoughyoufail.聯(lián)想:evenso即使如此，常用作插入語evennow即使在現(xiàn)在，副詞短語做狀語asif/though+方式狀語從句，好像25bemadeof由...制成(成品能看出原材料)bemadefrom由...制成(成品不能看出原材料)makeAintoB把A制成Bbemadeupof由...組成(=consistof)bemadein在...制造putup張貼；建造；舉起反義:takedown取下來；拆除；記下來聯(lián)想:putdown記下putback放回原處puton穿上；上演putout撲滅putoff推遲putwith忍受putaway放好，收起來；儲蓄26carryon=continuedoingsth.繼續(xù)，堅持用法:后面可以直接跟名詞、動名詞或代詞作賓語，也可以構(gòu)成carryonwithsth.短語。carryonaconversation/discussion進行談話/討論carryoutapromise/aplan/anorder實踐諾言/實施計劃/執(zhí)行命令carryoutasurvey/anexperiment/atest進行調(diào)查/試驗/測試aswell(=too)也aswellas(=inadditionto)除...之外，也；和...一樣好用法:一般用于句尾，常與and搭配使用注意:aswellas連接兩個主語的時候，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單