新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)+Lesson+54+Instinct+or+cleverness+課堂筆記

Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能還是機(jī)智、Wehavebeenbroughtuptofearinsects.Weregardthemasunnecessarycreatures（thatdomoreharmthangood定語(yǔ)從句）.Wecontinuallywagewaronthem,（fortheycontaminateourfood,carrydiseases,ordevourourcrops.原因狀語(yǔ)從句）我們自幼就在對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)的懼怕中長(zhǎng)大。我們把昆蟲(chóng)當(dāng)作害多益少的無(wú)用東西。人類不斷同昆蟲(chóng)斗爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)槔ハx(chóng)弄臟我們的食物，傳播疾病，吞噬莊稼。bringup撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育=raiseregardAasB把A看作B=seeAasBwage(n.)薪水（周），工資(v.)實(shí)行，進(jìn)行wage（awar）onsb.開(kāi)始，進(jìn)行（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)等）eg.沒(méi)有國(guó)家愿意打核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Nocountryiswillingtowageanuclearwar.警方正向毒品分子開(kāi)戰(zhàn)。Thepolicearewagingawaronthedrugdealer.向鄰國(guó)開(kāi)戰(zhàn)wageawarontheneighbouringcountrycontaminate（vt.）弄臟，污染eg.飲用水被污染了。Drinkingwateriscontaminated.他們正在污染我們年輕人的心靈。Theyarecontaminatingouryoungpersons’minds.devour(vt.)吞食（食物），吞噬，毀滅eg.她如饑似渴地讀這本新的偵探小說(shuō)。Shedevouredthisnewdetectivestory.大火吞噬了大片森林。Thebigfiredevouredahugeareaofforest.2、Theystingorbitewithoutprovocation;theyflyuninvitedintoourroomsonsummernights,orbeatagainstourlightedwindows.Weliveindreadnotonlyofunpleasantinsectslikespidersorwasps,butofquiteharmlessonelikemoths.它們無(wú)緣無(wú)故地又叮又咬；夏天的晚上，它們未經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)便飛到我們房間里，或者對(duì)著露出亮光的窗戶亂撲亂撞。我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪?，不但憎惡如蜘蛛、黃蜂之類令人討厭的昆蟲(chóng)，而且憎惡并無(wú)大害的飛蛾等。provocation(n.)激怒，挑釁provoke(v.)激怒（某人），挑釁eg.我不容易被激怒，但是這種行為無(wú)法容忍。Iamnoteasilyprovoked,butthisbehaviorisintolerable.如果你挑釁狗，它會(huì)咬你。Ifyouprovokethedogs,theywillbitevokesb.intodoingsth.刺激某人做某事eg.他粗魯?shù)难哉摯碳の疑鷼饬恕isrudewords/remarksprovokedmeintobeingangry.uninvited不受邀請(qǐng)的（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞done，作定語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)，修飾they）beindreadof害怕=beafraidofnotonly…but…不僅…而且…3、Readingaboutthemincreasesourunderstandingwithoutdispellingourfears.Knowingthattheindustriousantlivesinahighlyorganizedsocietydoesnothingtopreventusfrombeingfilledwithrevulsion（whenwefindhordesofthemcrawlingoveracarefullypreparedpicniclunch時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）.閱讀有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書能增加我們對(duì)它們的了解，卻不能消除我們的恐懼的心理。即使知道勤奮的螞蟻生活具有高度組織性的社會(huì)里，當(dāng)看到大群螞蟻在我們精心準(zhǔn)備的午間野餐上爬行時(shí)，我們也無(wú)法抑制對(duì)它們的反感。dispel(v.)消除，驅(qū)散eg.dispelone’sanger/rumour/worryindustrious(adj.)勤奮的=hard-workingpreventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事revulsion(n.)厭惡eg.asenseofrevulsion厭惡感revolt(vt.)厭惡berevoltedby對(duì)…感到厭惡eg.我很討厭他隨地吐痰的惡習(xí)。Iamextremelyrevoltedbyhisbadhabitofspitting.hordesof一大群，一大幫（貶）=ahordeof=abandofeg.ahordeoffans/shoppers/touristscrawl(v.)爬（向前爬），自由泳climb(v.)爬（向上爬）4、Nomatterhowmuchwelikehoney,orhowmuchwehavereadabouttheuncannysenseofdirection（whichbeespossess定語(yǔ)從句）,wehaveahorrorofbeingstung.Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfascinating.Weenjoyreadingaboutthem,especially（whenwefind（that,liketheprayingmantis,theyleadperfectlyhorriblelives時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句/賓語(yǔ)從句）.不管我們多么愛(ài)吃蜂蜜，或讀過(guò)多少關(guān)于蜜蜂具有神秘的識(shí)別方向的靈感的書，我們?nèi)匀皇趾ε卤环潋亍Ｎ覀兊目謶执蟛糠质菦](méi)有道理的，但去無(wú)法消除。同時(shí)，不知為什么昆蟲(chóng)又是迷人的。我們喜歡看有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書，尤其是當(dāng)我們了解螳螂等過(guò)著一種令人生畏的生活時(shí)，就更加愛(ài)讀有關(guān)昆蟲(chóng)的書了。uncanny(adj.)異乎尋常的，神奇的eg.Thesilencewasuncanny.靜得異常。一個(gè)神奇的巧合。anuncannycoincidence她的預(yù)測(cè)證明異乎尋常地準(zhǔn)確。Herpredictionsprovedtobeuncannilyaccurate.possess(v.)擁有=own=have=beinpossessionof（beinthepossessionof被…擁有）stingstungstung刺，蜇，叮atthesametime同時(shí)=meanwhile=inthemeantimefascinating(adj.)迷人的=interestingfascinated(adj.)感到著迷的=interestedbefascinatedin…=beinterestedin…對(duì)…非常感興趣prayingmantis螳螂leadone’slife過(guò)著…的生活5、Weenjoystaringatthem,entranced（astheygoabouttheirbusiness時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.Whohasnotstoodinaweatthesightofaspiderpouncingonafly,oracolumnofantstriumphantlybearinghomeanenormousdeadbeetle?我們喜歡入迷地看它們做事，它們不知道（但愿如此）我們就在它們身邊。當(dāng)看到蜘蛛撲向一只蒼蠅時(shí)，一隊(duì)螞蟻抬著一只巨大的死甲蟲(chóng)凱旋歸時(shí)，誰(shuí)能不感到敬畏呢？stare(vi.)盯著stareatsth.=fixone’seyesonsth.entrance(n.)入口，進(jìn)口（v.）使某人著迷beentrancedby被…迷住eg.我被美麗的風(fēng)景迷住了。Iwasentrancedbythebeautyspot.presence(n.)在場(chǎng)——present(adj.)在場(chǎng)的awe(n.)敬畏[U]be/standinaweofsth./sb.敬畏…eg.她初見(jiàn)金字塔時(shí)，敬畏之感油然而生。Herfirstviewofthepyramidsfilledherwithawe.人們應(yīng)該敬畏大自然。Peopleshouldbeinaweofthenature.pounceon猛撲，突襲acolumnof一列（軍隊(duì)）triumphantly（adv.）得意洋洋地bear=carry攜帶6、LastsummerIspentdaysinthegardenwatchingthousandsofantscrawlingupthetrunkofmyprizepeachtree.Thetreehasgrownagainstawarmwallonashelteredsideofthehouse.Iamespeciallyproudofit,notonly（becauseithassurvivedseveralseverewinters,butbecauseitoccasionallyproduceslusciouspeaches原因狀語(yǔ)從句）.去年夏天，我花了好幾天時(shí)間站在花園里觀察成千只螞蟻爬上我那棵心愛(ài)的桃樹(shù)的樹(shù)干。那棵樹(shù)是靠著房子有遮擋的一面暖墻生長(zhǎng)的。我為這棵樹(shù)感到特別自豪，不僅因?yàn)樗冗^(guò)了幾個(gè)寒冬終于活了下來(lái)，而且還因?yàn)樗袝r(shí)結(jié)出些甘甜的桃子來(lái)。sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.某人花了…時(shí)間做某事sheltered(adj.)遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)的，不受壞事影響的eg.她在鄉(xiāng)村過(guò)著不受影響的生活。Sheleadsashelteredlifeinthecountryside.shelter(n.)避難所beproudof以…自豪、驕傲occasionally(adv.)偶爾，有時(shí)候=sometimes=onceinawhileluscious(adj.)美味多汁的=deliciousandjuicyeg.lusciouswatermelon/fruit美味多汁的西瓜/水果aglassoflusciouswine一杯甘醇的紅酒7、Duringthesummer,Inoticed（thattheleavesofthetreewerebeginningtowither賓語(yǔ)從句）.Clustersoftinyinsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.Theywerevisitedbyalargecolonyofants（whichobtainedasortofhoneyfromthem定語(yǔ)從句）.Iimmediatelyembarkedonanexperiment（which,eventhoughiffailedtogetridoftheants,keptmefascinatedfortwenty-fourhours）.到了夏天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)樹(shù)葉開(kāi)始枯萎，結(jié)果在樹(shù)葉背面找到成串的叫作蚜蟲(chóng)小蟲(chóng)子。蚜蟲(chóng)遭到一窩螞蟻的攻擊，螞蟻從它們身上可以獲得一種蜜。我當(dāng)即動(dòng)手作了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)盡管沒(méi)有使我擺脫這些螞蟻，卻使我著迷了24小時(shí)。wither(v.)枯萎，凋謝clustersof一叢，一簇=aclusterofeg.aclusterofflowers/tallbuildings/peoplea(large)colonyof一（大）群（生活或生長(zhǎng)在同一地方的植物或動(dòng)物）embarkedon開(kāi)始從事getridof除去，擺脫8、Iboundthebaseofthetreewithstickytape,makingitimpossiblefortheantstoreachtheaphids.Thetapewassostickythattheydidnotdaretocrossit.Foralongtime.Iwatchedthemscurryingaroundthebaseofthetreeinbewilderment.Ievenwentoutatmidnightwithatorchandnotedwithsatisfaction(andsurprise)thattheantswerestillswarmingaroundthestickytapewithoutbeingabletodoanythingaboutit.我用一條膠帶把桃樹(shù)底部包上，不讓螞蟻接近蚜蟲(chóng)。膠帶極粘，螞蟻不敢從上面爬過(guò)。在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，我看見(jiàn)螞蟻圍著大樹(shù)底部來(lái)回轉(zhuǎn)悠，不知所措。半夜，我還拿著電筒來(lái)到花園里，滿意地（同時(shí)驚奇地）發(fā)現(xiàn)那些螞蟻還圍著膠帶團(tuán)團(tuán)轉(zhuǎn)。無(wú)能為力。bound(v.)捆，扎，綁=