新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)The+power+of+the+press課堂筆記講義

Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新聞報(bào)道的威力、Indemocraticcountriesanyeffortstorestrictthefreedomofthepressarerightlycondemned.However,thisfreedomcaneasilybeabused.在民主國(guó)家里，任何限制新聞自由的企圖都理所當(dāng)然地受到譴責(zé)。然而，這種自由很容易被濫用。democratic(adj.)民主的eg.democraticright民主權(quán)利democraticelection民主選舉DemocracticParty民主黨democracy(n.)民主restrict(v.)限制，約束——strict(adj.)嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)格的=limitrestrictsth.tosth.把…限制到…中eg.將來(lái)我們會(huì)限制班級(jí)大小到20位學(xué)生。Wewillrestricttheclasssizeto20students.condemn(v.)強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)eg.熱帶雨林的破壞由于對(duì)環(huán)境的災(zāi)難被強(qiáng)調(diào)譴責(zé)。Destructionoftherainforestiscondemnedasadiasteroftheenvironment.condemnsb.fordoingsth.因某事譴責(zé)某人eg.法官因完全失查案子而被強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)。Thejudgewascondemnedforfailingtoexaminethecasethoroughly.abuse(v.)濫用=ab+use使用abnormal不正常的=ab+normal正常的2、Storiesaboutpeopleoftenattractfarmorepublicattentionthanpoliticalevents.（Thoughwemayenjoyreadingaboutthelivesofothers讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）,itisextremelydoubtful（whetherwewouldequallyenjoyreadingaboutourselves.主語(yǔ)從句）常人軼事往往比政治事件更能引起公眾注意。我們都喜歡看關(guān)于別人生活的報(bào)道，但是否同樣喜歡看關(guān)于自己生活的報(bào)道，就很難說(shuō)了。enjoydoingsth.享受做某事3、Actingonthecontention（thatfactsaresacred同位語(yǔ)從句）,reporterscancauseuntoldsufferingtoindividualsbypublishingdetailsabouttheirprivatelives.記者按事實(shí)至上的論點(diǎn)行事，發(fā)表有關(guān)別人生活的細(xì)節(jié)，有時(shí)會(huì)給當(dāng)事人造成極大的痛苦。contention(n.)競(jìng)賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，論點(diǎn)eg.Itismycontentionthat…我的論點(diǎn)是=Itismypointofview…contest(n.)競(jìng)賽eg.aspeechcontestcontend(v.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)eg.幾個(gè)隊(duì)正在為這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。Someteamsarecontendingfortheprize.actonsth.按照…行事，根據(jù)…行動(dòng)eg.別沖動(dòng)行事。Don’tactonimpulse.你應(yīng)該按照我的意見(jiàn)行事。Youshouldactonmysuggestions.根據(jù)收到的信息行事，警察們搜查了整個(gè)俱樂(lè)部。Actingontheinformationreceived,thepolicemensearchedthewholeclub.untold（adj.）難以估量的，數(shù)不清的eg.untoldsuffering無(wú)盡的痛苦untolddamage/loss無(wú)法估量的損失4、Newspapersexertsuchtremendousinfluencethattheycannotonlybringaboutmajorchangestothelivesofordinarypeoplebutcanevenoverthrowagovernment.新聞具有巨大的威力。它們不僅可以給尋常人家的生活帶來(lái)重大的變化，甚至還能推翻一個(gè)政府。exertaninfluenceon…施加影響exertpressureon…施加壓力such…that…如此…以致于（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）notonly…but…不僅…也…bringabout導(dǎo)致=cause=leadtooverthrow(v.)顛覆，推翻，打倒5、Thestoryofapoorfamily（thatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight定語(yǔ)從句）,dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.ThefamilylivedinAberdeen,asmalltownof23,000inhabitantsinSouthDakota.（Astheparentshadfivechildren原因狀語(yǔ)從句）,lifewasaperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.下面這戶(hù)窮人一夜之間出名發(fā)財(cái)?shù)墓适聭騽⌒缘卣f(shuō)明了新聞報(bào)道威力。這戶(hù)人家住在南達(dá)科他州一個(gè)人口為23，000的小鎮(zhèn)上，鎮(zhèn)名為阿拜丁。家里已有5個(gè)孩子，全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。fameandfortune名聲和財(cái)富（fame名聲——famous著名的）illustrate(v.)說(shuō)明，詮釋?zhuān)U明=explain=showeg.我用一個(gè)例子闡明我的觀點(diǎn)。Iillustratedmypointofviewwithanexample.這個(gè)悲慘的例子說(shuō)明了煙花爆竹的危險(xiǎn)。Thetragiccaseillustratedthedangeroffireworks.perpetual(adj.)一再的，無(wú)休止的6、Theywereexpectingtheirsixthchildandwerefacedwithevenmorepressingeconomicproblems.（Iftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild條件狀語(yǔ)從句：虛擬語(yǔ)氣）,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.第6個(gè)孩子即將問(wèn)世，他們面臨著更為嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。如果他們只添了1個(gè)孩子，這件事本來(lái)就不會(huì)引起任何人的注意。befacedwith面對(duì)，面臨press(v.)按，壓(n.)新聞界，報(bào)刊媒體presssb.todosth.催促某人做某事=urgesb.todosth.pressing(adj.)緊迫的，急迫的=urgentif引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句：主句：willdo從句：dowoulddodid/werewouldhavedonehaddone7、Theywouldhavecontinuedtostruggleagainsteconomicoddsandwouldhavelivedinobscurity.Buttheysuddenlybecametheparentsofquintuplets,fourgirlsandaboy,anevent（whichradicallychangedtheirlives）.Thedayafterthebirthofthefivechildren,anaeroplanearrivedinAberdeenbringingsixtyreportersandphotographers.這家人會(huì)繼續(xù)為克服經(jīng)濟(jì)上的拮據(jù)而奮斗，并默默無(wú)聞地活下去。但是他們出人意料生了個(gè)五胞胎，4女1男。這事使他們的生活發(fā)生了根本的變化。五胞胎降生第二天，一架飛機(jī)飛抵阿拜丁，隨機(jī)帶來(lái)60名記者與攝影師。odds(n.)差異，懸殊obscurity(n.)默默無(wú)聞=notwell-knowneg.work/liveinobscurity默默無(wú)聞地工作/生活radically(adv.)徹底地，根本地radical(adj.)徹底的，根本的eg.radicalreforms/change徹底的改革/改變8、Therisetofamewasswift.Televisioncamerasandnewspaperscarriedthenewstoeveryoneinthecountry.Newspapersandmagazinesofferedthefamilyhugesumsfortheexclusiverightstopublishstoriesandphotographs.這一家迅速出了名。電視攝像機(jī)和報(bào)紙把消息傳送到全國(guó)。報(bào)紙、雜志出高價(jià)向他們購(gòu)買(mǎi)文字、圖片的獨(dú)家報(bào)道權(quán)。swift(adj.)迅速的=prompt=quick=rapideg.swiftgrowth快速增長(zhǎng)swiftcurrent急流aswifthorse千里馬swiftreply迅速回復(fù)exclusive(adj.)獨(dú)家的，獨(dú)占的，獨(dú)有的exclude(v.)排除反：include(v.)包括eg.exclusivereport獨(dú)家報(bào)道exclusiveinterview獨(dú)家專(zhuān)訪exclusiveprivilege獨(dú)有的特權(quán)9、Giftspouredinnotonlyfromunknownpeople,butroombabyfoodandsoapmanufacturers（whowishedtoadvertisetheirproducts定語(yǔ)從句）.Theoldfarmhouse（thefamilylivedin定語(yǔ)從句）wastobereplacedbynew$500,000home.不但素昧平生的人寄來(lái)了大量的禮物，而且嬰兒食品、嬰兒肥皂制造廠商為了替自己產(chǎn)品做廣告也寄來(lái)了大量的禮物。這家人住的舊家舍將由一座價(jià)值50萬(wàn)美元的新住宅所取代。pour(v.)倒出eg.pourtea倒茶pourin涌入10、Reporterskeptpressingforinterviewssolawyershadtobeemployedtoactasspokesmenforthefamilyatpressconferences.（Whilethefivebabieswerestillquietlysleepinginoxygententsinhospitalnursery時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）,theirparentswerepayingthepriceforfame.Itwouldneveragainbepossibleforthemtoleadnormallives.由于記者紛紛要求會(huì)見(jiàn)，他們不得不請(qǐng)了律師充當(dāng)他們家的發(fā)言人舉行記者招待會(huì)。眼下，五胞胎還靜靜地躺在醫(yī)院嬰兒室的氧氣帳里，他們的父母卻為這名聲付出了代價(jià)，他們?cè)僖矡o(wú)法過(guò)正常的生活。nursery(n.)育嬰室lead…life過(guò)…的生活11、Theyhadbecomethevictimsofcommercialization,（fortheirnameshadacquiredamarketvalue原因狀語(yǔ)從句）.Insteadofbeingfivenewfamilymembers,thesechildren