第04輯一輪閱讀 專題04 閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（找共同點(diǎn)題+預(yù)測(cè)下段題+文章出處題）（教師版） 2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）

2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）第04輯一輪閱讀專題04閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（找共同點(diǎn)題+預(yù)測(cè)下段題+文章出處題）解析版目錄找共同點(diǎn)題1+3篇P1【名師點(diǎn)津】P1【高考真題】P1【名校模擬】P3預(yù)測(cè)下段題1+3篇P7【名師點(diǎn)津】P7【高考真題】P8【名校模擬】P9文章出處題1+3篇P14【名師點(diǎn)津】P14【高考真題】P15【名校模擬】P16找共同點(diǎn)題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】一、解題小妙招1.結(jié)構(gòu)法：如果屬于“總分總”結(jié)構(gòu)，多從“總處”找依據(jù)；2.排除法：可以運(yùn)用排除法，只要一項(xiàng)不合要求就應(yīng)該排除；3.關(guān)鍵詞法：依據(jù)題干圈劃相應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞語，據(jù)此知道答案。二、零失誤小妙招1.做題留痕，依據(jù)題干在原文圈劃答題區(qū)間；2.劃掉錯(cuò)項(xiàng)，去偽存真，快速作答提升效率；3.錯(cuò)題反思，專用筆記本記錄錯(cuò)因舉一反三。【高考真題】(2024新課標(biāo)I卷)ChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistéannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手電筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.TheNaturalWorld. B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.C.MoonlightUndertheStars. D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.22.WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.Wearproperclothes. B.Joinawalkingclub.C.Getspecialpermits. D.Bringasurvivalguide.23.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing. B.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.C.Theysharethesamestartpoint. D.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.【答案】21.D22.A23.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了參加卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)的幾種步行方案，及其日期、起點(diǎn)和步行時(shí)間等相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文章所給出的四種方案中的“WalkDuration(步行時(shí)間)”部分比較可知，“Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest(步行4——基爾布蘭尼什森林?jǐn)z影步行)”的步行時(shí)間是1.5小時(shí)，用時(shí)最短。故選D項(xiàng)。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars(步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(穿著不當(dāng)?shù)娜藢⒈痪芙^參加)”可知，第三種步行方案的參與者需要穿合適的衣服。故選A項(xiàng)。23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四種步行方案中的“DateandTime(日期和時(shí)間)”部分比較可知，這四種方案都被安排在周末。故選D項(xiàng)?！久ＤM】（2024·四川樂山·三模）Wetrackdownsomeoftheworld’sgreatestrailjourneys.TheCanadianThetripfromTorontotoVancouverissleepy83hourslong—butconsideringyou’llbewindingthroughsnow-cappedRockyMountainsandCanadianShieldforests,thepacesuitsanyonelookingforrelaxation,restandpeacefulviews.Hugeglasswindowsmakethemostofthesceneryasthetraintravelsacross4,466kmofCanada’sdiverselandscape.TheBlueTrainThetrainspans1,600kmoftracklinkingPretoriawithCapeTown.Morelikeahotelonrailsthanatrain,therearecarriageswherepassengerscanrestincomfortandhavefull-sizedbaths.Thejourneytakes27hoursfromstarttofinishandcrossessomeofthemostdiverseandpicturesquesceneryontheAfricancontinent.Don’texpecttofeeltherushofwindthroughyourhairthough,asitsaveragespeedisjust57km/h.TheIndianPacificDepartingfromSydney,ittakesabout70hoursfortheIndianPacifictocrosstheAustraliancontinentonitswaytoPerth.StoppingattheminingtownofBrokenHill,Adelaide,andKalgoorlieyou’llcover4,352kmatanaveragespeedof85km/h.Atthatrate,you’llcatchthefullgloryofthesunsettingacrossthehorizononthelongeststretchofstraightrailtrackintheworld.TravelinspringforthebestofWesternAustralia’swildflowers.JinghuHighSpeedRailTheshowcaseofChina’smodernrailfleetwaslaunchedin2012andshaves20hoursoffthe1,303kmtripfromBeijingtoShanghai,deliveringpassengerstotheirdestinationinfivesuper-fasthours.Itiscurrentlythefastestlong-distancepassengertrainintheworld,reachingspeedsof300km/h.1.WhatdotheCanadianandtheBlueTrainhaveincommon?A.Theytravelinaleisurelypace. B.TheybothoperateinAfrica.C.Theycrossawholecontinent. D.Theyhavelargewindows.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheIndianPacific?A.Itcoversthelongestdistance. B.Itoffersbeautifulscenery.C.Itprovidesfull-sizedbaths. D.Itonlyservesinspring.3.Whichofthefollowingtrainhasthefastestspeed?A.TheCanadian B.TheBlueTrain C.TheIndianPacific D.JinghuHighSpeedRail【答案】1.A2.B3.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)鐵路旅行的情況和特點(diǎn)。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThetripfromTorontotoVancouverissleepy83hourslong—butconsideringyou’llbewindingthroughsnow-cappedRockyMountainsandCanadianShieldforests,thepacesuitsanyonelookingforrelaxation,restandpeacefulviews.(從多倫多到溫哥華的旅程長(zhǎng)達(dá)83個(gè)小時(shí)，但考慮到你將蜿蜒穿過白雪皚皚的落基山脈和加拿大盾森林，這個(gè)速度適合任何想要放松、休息和欣賞寧?kù)o景色的人)”以及第三段“Morelikeahotelonrailsthanatrain,therearecarriageswherepassengerscanrestincomfortandhavefull-sizedbaths.(這里更像是軌道上的酒店，而不是火車上的酒店，乘客可以在車廂里舒適地休息，還可以享受全套浴室)”可知，Canadian和BlueTrain的共同之處都可以悠閑地旅行。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Atthatrate,you’llcatchthefullgloryofthesunsettingacrossthehorizononthelongeststretchofstraightrailtrackintheworld.TravelinspringforthebestofWesternAustralia’swildflowers.(以這樣的速度，你將在世界上最長(zhǎng)的直線軌道上欣賞到日落的壯麗景色。在春天旅行，欣賞西澳大利亞最好的野花)”可知，TheIndianPacific風(fēng)景優(yōu)美。故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itiscurrentlythefastestlong-distancepassengertrainintheworld,reachingspeedsof300km/h.(這是目前世界上最快的長(zhǎng)途客運(yùn)列車，時(shí)速可達(dá)300公里)”可知，京滬高鐵速度最快。故選D。（2024·福建三明·三模）4SummerJobstoGetPaidandTakeaBreakCampcounsellor(輔導(dǎo)員)Mostkidsheadofftocampduringthesummertime,andifyou’repastthetypicalageofbeingacamper,reliveyouryouthbybecomingasummercampcounsellor.Youcanenjoyparticipatinginactivities,planningevents,andpartakinginartsandcrafts.It’soneofthebestsummerjobsbecauseitalsobuildsyourleadershipskillswhileyouearnextramoney.Dependingonyourschedule,youcanworktofityourneeds.Theaveragestartingpayis$10.5anhour.LifeguardSpendingtimeonthewaterissomethingmanypeopledoduringthesummer.Andifyou'regoodatswimming,thenbeingalifeguardisagreatoptionforyou.Thehoursareflexible,andthepayisgreat,withtheaveragehourlyrateat$11.50.AmusementparkemployeeAnamusementparkisagreatplacetoworkduringthesummertime.Thereareavarietyofpositionsyoucangethiredfor—fromrideoperatortofoodservicetoboothtender—andtheaveragestartingpayis$10anhour.Thehoursareflexibleandnegotiabledependingonwhereyoudecidetowork:thelargerthepark,themoreemployeesthey’llhave,whichcouldmeanfewerhoursthey’llneedyoutocover.DogwalkerIfyou’relookingforarelaxingjob,beingadogwalkercouldbetherightchoiceforyou.Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.Gettingsomeexercisewithafurryfriendwillfeelmorelikearelaxingpastimethanajob.Andifyouwishtocontinuebeingadogwalker,it’sthejobthat’seasiesttokeepyear-round.4.Whatisthebenefitofbeingacampcounsellor?A.Itbringsbacktheglory.B.Itboostsartisticcreativity.C.Itiseasytodoandwell-paid.D.Itdevelopscompetenceinleadership.5.Forwhichjobcanthepaybenegotiated?A.Campcounselor. B.Lifeguard.C.Amusementparkemployee. D.Dogwalker.6.Whatdothefoursummerjobshaveincommon?A.Theyneedfull-timeemployees. B.Theworkinghoursareflexible.C.Thepayremainsunclear. D.Theyneedrelevantcertificates.【答案】4.D5.D6.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于夏季工作選擇的建議，以及每種工作的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Campcounsellor部分中的“It’soneofthebestsummerjobsbecauseitalsobuildsyourleadershipskillswhileyouearnextramoney.(這是最好的暑期工作之一，因?yàn)樗€能在你賺外快的同時(shí)培養(yǎng)你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力。)”可知，作為一名營(yíng)地輔導(dǎo)員，在你賺額外的錢的同時(shí)，還能培養(yǎng)你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技能，這直接涉及到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力的發(fā)展。故選D。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dogwalker部分中的“Ifyou’relookingforarelaxingjob,beingadogwalkercouldbetherightchoiceforyou.Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.(如果你正在尋找一份輕松的工作，遛狗可能是你的正確選擇。遛狗的時(shí)間和報(bào)酬很容易協(xié)商，因?yàn)槟憧梢院?jiǎn)單地和狗的主人討論一下你的時(shí)間，他們什么時(shí)候需要你，你的報(bào)酬是多少。)”可知，這則廣告提到了遛狗的時(shí)間和報(bào)酬可以商量，因?yàn)槟憧梢院凸返闹魅撕?jiǎn)單地討論一下你什么時(shí)候有空，他們什么時(shí)候需要你，你的報(bào)酬是多少。故選D。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Campcounsellor部分中的“Dependingonyourschedule,youcanworktofityourneeds.(根據(jù)你的時(shí)間表，你可以根據(jù)自己的需要來工作。)”和Lifeguard部分中的“Thehoursareflexible(工作時(shí)間很靈活)”和Amusementparkemployee部分中的“Thehoursareflexibleandnegotiabledependingonwhereyoudecidetowork:thelargerthepark,themoreemployeesthey’llhave,whichcouldmeanfewerhoursthey’llneedyoutocover.(工作時(shí)間是靈活的，可以協(xié)商的，這取決于你決定在哪里工作：公園越大，員工越多，這可能意味著他們需要你工作的時(shí)間越少。)”和Dogwalker部分中的“Dogwalkinghoursandpayareeasilynegotiable,asyoucansimplydiscusswiththedog’sownerwhatyouravailabilityis,whentheyneedyou,andwhatyourpayrateis.(遛狗的時(shí)間和報(bào)酬很容易協(xié)商，因?yàn)槟憧梢院?jiǎn)單地和狗的主人討論一下你的時(shí)間，他們什么時(shí)候需要你，你的報(bào)酬是多少。)”可知，每個(gè)職位描述都提到了工作時(shí)間的靈活性。故選B。（2024·安徽黃山·二模）Herearefourstudentpodcasts(播客)thatofferaglimpseintothemindsofstudentsandwhattheysayaboutnewsconcerningclimateintheircommunities—andwhattheyhopetodoaboutit.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFireIna10-episodeseries,asixth-gradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.Fires:SetAblazeAtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifth-graderstalkaboutthefar-reachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(預(yù)防措施).FlowingThroughTimeInthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebecomeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrown-upstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.WashedAwayThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.7.Whoshowsinterestinfirefighters’stories?A.PeakAcademystudents. B.ChautauquaElementarystudents.C.MorganCountyHighSchoolstudents. D.GeorgetownSchoolofInnovationstudents.8.Whichpodcastshowsconcernforwaterconservation?A.WashedAway. B.Fires:SetAblaze.C.FlowingThroughTime. D.BehindtheScenesoftheMosquitoFire.9.WhatdoFires:SetAblazeandWashedAwayhaveincommon?A.Theyconsultexperts’researchresults.B.Theyexplorethecausesofclimatechange.C.Theysharestudents’personalexperiences.D.Theydiscussprecautionsfornaturaldisasters.【答案】7.D8.C9.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個(gè)學(xué)生播客，他們關(guān)注自己社區(qū)的氣候新聞，并分享他們的觀點(diǎn)和希望采取的行動(dòng)。7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ina10-episodeseries,asixth-gradeclassattheGeorgetownSchoolofInnovationinGeorgetown,Calif.,sharesstoriesfromthedamagingMosquitoFirein2022.ThisgroupofeightstudentsaskstwofirefightersfromtheGeorgetownFireDepartmentwhatit’sliketofightfiresandprotectlovedonesintheirhometown.”（在一個(gè)10集的系列節(jié)目中，加州喬治城喬治敦創(chuàng)新學(xué)院的一個(gè)六年級(jí)班級(jí)分享了2022年破壞性的蚊子大火的故事。這組8名學(xué)生向來自喬治城消防局的兩名消防員詢問在家鄉(xiāng)救火和保護(hù)親人是什么感覺）可知，GeorgetownSchoolofInnovation的學(xué)生對(duì)消防員的故事感興趣。故選D。8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FlowingThroughTime下“InthispodcastfromPeakAcademy,agroupofeightmiddleschoolersreportsondealingwithwatershortagesinBozeman,Montana.Theytracethehistoryoftheirgrowinghometown’swatersupply,whichhasbeendependentonmountainsnowmelt.Asthatsourcebecomeslessreliableinawarmingworld,thestudentsturntothegrown-upstoaskwhattheycandotoconservewater.”（在這個(gè)來自PeakAcademy的播客中，八個(gè)中學(xué)生報(bào)道了他們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)蒙大拿州博茲曼的水資源短缺。他們追溯了他們不斷發(fā)展的家鄉(xiāng)的供水歷史，這個(gè)供水源依賴于山上的雪水融化。隨著這個(gè)水源在全球變暖的世界中變得不可靠，學(xué)生們轉(zhuǎn)向成年人，詢問他們可以做些什么來節(jié)約水資源。）可知，F(xiàn)lowingThroughTime的播客關(guān)注水資源保護(hù)。故選C。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AtChautauquaElementary,theVashonfifth-graderstalkaboutthefar-reachingandlastingimpactofwildfiresandwildfiresmoke—andthedirecteffectsontheirlives,likewaitingfortheschoolbusonasmokyday.Thestudentsalsointerviewexpertsandsharetheirresearchonwildfireprecautions(預(yù)防措施).”（在肖托夸小學(xué)，瓦松小學(xué)的五年級(jí)學(xué)生談?wù)撘盎鸷鸵盎馃熿F的深遠(yuǎn)而持久的影響，以及對(duì)他們生活的直接影響，如在煙霧彌漫的日子里等校車。學(xué)生們還采訪了專家，分享了他們對(duì)野火預(yù)防措施的研究）和第五段“ThedeadlyfloodingineasternKentuckylastyearforeverchangedthelivesofhighschoolersRyleyBowman,CarolinaJohnsonandHunterNoble.ThethreeclassmatesatMorganCountyHighSchoolinWestLiberty,Ky.,sharefirsthandaccountsoftheirownandtheirfamily’sexperiencesduringthefloods.”（去年發(fā)生在肯塔基州東部的致命洪水永遠(yuǎn)地改變了高中生賴?yán)U曼、卡羅萊納·約翰遜和亨特·諾布爾的生活。肯塔基州西自由市摩根縣高中的三名同學(xué)分享了他們自己和家人在洪水中的親身經(jīng)歷）可知，F(xiàn)ires:SetAblaze和WashedAway共同之處是他們分享學(xué)生的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。故選C。預(yù)測(cè)下段題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】一、解題小妙招考生在閱讀全文基礎(chǔ)上，“預(yù)測(cè)下段”類試題應(yīng)注意以下兩點(diǎn)策略：1.從最后一段入手。有時(shí)候，作者在最后一段提到一個(gè)話題，但是沒有充分說明，因此需要在下一段就此問題深入分析、論述或討論。所以考生學(xué)會(huì)依據(jù)最后一段甚至最后一句話進(jìn)行推斷也不失為明智選擇。2.從第一段入手。實(shí)用類說明文往往采用“總分”或者“總分總”結(jié)構(gòu)，即第一段總體概況說明，然后分段闡述。因此只要考生把握好第一段即主題段內(nèi)容，順藤摸瓜，即可推斷下段內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是主題段中尚未提及的內(nèi)容。二、零失誤小妙招1.做題留痕，依據(jù)題干在原文圈劃答題區(qū)間；2.劃掉錯(cuò)項(xiàng)，去偽存真，快速作答提升效率；3.錯(cuò)題反思，專用筆記本記錄錯(cuò)因舉一反三?！靖呖颊骖}】(2023全國(guó)乙卷第31題)WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood? A.Itissimpleandplain. B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes. D.Itdeservesahighreputation.29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.B【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文，介紹英國(guó)人在英國(guó)烹飪節(jié)目的影響下改變對(duì)烹飪的看法，并嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（當(dāng)你想到英國(guó)食物時(shí)，你會(huì)想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯?xiàng)l，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國(guó)食物真的如此無趣嗎？）可知，提及英國(guó)食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯?xiàng)l和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會(huì)覺得英國(guó)食物平平無奇。故選A項(xiàng)。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動(dòng)，英國(guó)人正在遠(yuǎn)離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。）可知，英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國(guó)人對(duì)烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國(guó)的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影響力。故選D項(xiàng)。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（幾乎三分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購(gòu)買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項(xiàng)。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下來，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語義連貫。故選B項(xiàng)?！久ＤM】（2024·湖北·三模）Everyyear,some2.3millionwomenandmenaroundtheworlddiedfromwork-relatedaccidentsordiseases—that’smorethan8,000deathseverysingleday—andatleast402millionpeoplesufferfromnon-fataloccupationalinjuries.Thenumberisenormousintermsofpersonaltragedyandhardship.Anditcomeswithahugeeconomicloss.Itisestimatedthatoccupationalaccidentsanddiseasesleadtoa5.4percentlossofannualglobalGDP.AsafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentissoimportantthatinJune2022theILO(InternationalLaborOrganization)tookahistoricstepwhenitaddedasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmenttoitsFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork.Whydoesthismatter?Itmattersbecauseoccupationalsafetyandhealthcannownolongerbeviewedasanoptionalextra.AlloftheILO’s186memberstatesarenowrequiredtorespect,promoteandachieveasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentasafundamentalprincipleandrightatwork.Thisissignificantforseveralreasons.First,itrecognizesthateveryworkerhastherighttobeprotectedfromdangersandrisksthatcancauseinjury,illnessordeathintheworkplace.Bymakingoccupationalsafetyandhealth(OSH)afundamentalright,theILOissendingaclearmessagetogovernmentsandemployersofallcountriesthattheymusttakeresponsibilityforprovidingasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentforallworkers.Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.Conversely,whenworkersareinjuredorbecomeillduetoworkplacedangers,itcanhaveasignificantlynegativeimpactonproductivityandeconomicgrowth.Asafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentisnowafundamentalrightforeachandeveryworker.Governments,employers,tradeunionsaswellascompaniesmustworktogethertomakethisrightareality.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Todrawaconclusion. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Towarnusofthedangeratwork. D.Tocallfortheneedofsafetyenvironment.2.Whatdoesasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentmeantoeachside?A.ItmeansabasicrighttotheILO. B.Itmeanslifeanddeathtoemployers.C.Itmeansafundamentalobligationtoworkers. D.Itmeanseconomicgrowthtothegovernment.3.WhichwordistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinParagraph6?A.Consequently. B.Contrarily. C.Conventionally. D.Commonly.4.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraphafterthelastone?A.Thejointeffortsbythefoursides. B.Thepotentialimprovementstomake.C.Thehistoryofworkers’sufferings. D.Themeasuresworkerstaketogetprotected.【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了世界勞工組織把安全和健康的工作環(huán)境納入工人工作的基本權(quán)利。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Everyyear,some2.3millionwomenandmenaroundtheworlddiedfromwork-relatedaccidentsordiseases—that’smorethan8,000deathseverysingleday—andatleast402millionpeoplesufferfromnon-fataloccupationalinjuries.Thenumberisenormousintermsofpersonaltragedyandhardship.Anditcomeswithahugeeconomicloss.Itisestimatedthatoccupationalaccidentsanddiseasesleadtoa5.4percentlossofannualglobalGDP.(每年，全世界約有230萬男女死于與工作有關(guān)的事故或疾病——即每天有8000多人死亡——至少有4.02億人遭受非致命性職業(yè)傷害。就個(gè)人悲劇和苦難而言，這個(gè)數(shù)字是巨大的。隨之而來的是巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。據(jù)估計(jì)，職業(yè)事故和疾病導(dǎo)致全球年度GDP損失5.4%)”表明每年與工作相關(guān)的事故造成巨大的人員傷亡，引出第二段“AsafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentissoimportantthatinJune2022theILO(InternationalLaborOrganization)tookahistoricstepwhenitaddedasafeandhealthyworkingenvironmenttoitsFundamentalPrinciplesandRightsatWork.(安全和健康的工作環(huán)境非常重要，因此國(guó)際勞工組織于2022年6月在其《工作基本原則和權(quán)利》中增加了安全和健康的工作環(huán)境，邁出了歷史性的一步)”關(guān)于國(guó)際勞工組織修改條例的主題。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.(當(dāng)員工在工作場(chǎng)所感到安全和健康時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)更有生產(chǎn)力和效率。這對(duì)工人、雇主和經(jīng)濟(jì)都有好處)”可知，安全健康的工作環(huán)境對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有利。故選D。

3.詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線詞前文“Whenworkersfeelsafeandhealthyintheirworkplace,theyarelikelytobemoreproductiveandefficient.Thiscanbenefitworkers,employersaswellastheeconomy.(當(dāng)員工在工作場(chǎng)所感到安全和健康時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)更有生產(chǎn)力和效率。這對(duì)工人、雇主和經(jīng)濟(jì)都有好處)”描述安全健康的工作環(huán)境對(duì)于員工、企業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的好處；后文“whenworkersareinjuredorbecomeillduetoworkplacedangers,itcanhaveasignificantlynegativeimpactonproductivityandeconomicgrowth.(當(dāng)工人因工作場(chǎng)所的危險(xiǎn)而受傷或生病時(shí)，它會(huì)對(duì)生產(chǎn)力和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生顯著的負(fù)面影響)”描述不安全的工作環(huán)境會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，劃線詞引出下文相反的情況，意思為：相反，與Contrarily意思相近。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asafeandhealthyworkingenvironmentisnowafundamentalrightforeachandeveryworker.Governments,employers,tradeunionsaswellascompaniesmustworktogethertomakethisrightareality.(安全和健康的工作環(huán)境現(xiàn)在是每個(gè)工人的一項(xiàng)基本權(quán)利。政府、雇主、工會(huì)和企業(yè)必須共同努力，使這一權(quán)利成為現(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，此處講到四方要通力合作讓這項(xiàng)權(quán)利變成現(xiàn)實(shí)，所以接下來可能會(huì)談及四方的合作措施。故選A。（2024·河北·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Haveyouheardyourselfsay“itwasnothingreally”whensomeonecongratulatesyouonajobwelldone?Orwhenyouareaskedtomakealistofwhatyouhaveachieved,youdrawablank?Maybeyouhavesuccessamnesia.Failingtoacknowledgeyourhardworkisoftenasignof“successamnesia”.Peoplewithsuccessamnesiaareoftensuccessfulyettheyfinditdifficulttoadmitachievements.Theyarepeoplewhootherswoulddescribeassuccessfulandyettheyfinditdifficulttoacknowledgetheirresults.Successamnesiarobsthemofthesatisfyingsensethatcanhelpthemachieveagoal.And,perhapsmoreimportantly,itrobsthemofconfidence.Confidencedoesnotguaranteesuccess,butitdoesincreasesthechancesofsuccess.Thinkoftheclassicchildren’sstory,TheLittleEngineThatCould.TheLittleBlueEnginecomestotherescueofabroken-downtrain,workinghardtopullthestranded(擱淺的)goodsupandoveramountain.Asshemovesupwards,shecontinuouslysays“IthinkIcan”,andfinallyshemakesittothemountaintopandbeginsdownwards.Imagineyouwillthrowa50thbirthdaycelebrationforyourpartner.Ifyouapproachthetaskwith“IthinkIcan”inyourmind,thenyou’relikelytotackleitwithenergy.Youmightnothavedoneanythingsimilarbefore,butyoutrustyourselftoworkitout.Youholdmeetingstogatherideasandworkoutaplan.Approachingthetaskwithyourheadfullof“Ican’tdothis”,ontheotherhand,wouldlikelyresultinmorehesitantsteps.It’sdifficulttogettheworkfinishedwhenyouholdthebeliefthatthetaskisbeyondyou.Confidencefuelssuccessandsuccessfuelsconfidence.Ourachievementsprovideuswithevidenceofwhatwe’recapableof,increasingourself-beliefandfuelingourconfidencetodomore.Successamnesiareducesconfidence.Toboostone’sconfidence,itisnecessarytotacklesuccessamnesia.5.Whichstudentmayhave“successamnesia”?A.Onewillingtohelpothers. B.Onerefusingtoadmithismistake.C.Onethinkinglittleofhisachievements. D.Onespeakinghighlyofhisowncomposition.6.WhyisthestoryTheLittleEngineThatCouldmentionedinparagraph3?A.Toexplainthereasonbehindsuccessamnesia.B.TopraisetheperseveranceofTheLittleBlueEngine.C.Togiveanexamplethatconfidencecanguaranteesuccess.D.Toprovethatoneismorelikelytosucceedwithconfidence.7.HowisParagraph4developed?A.Bycitingarealcase. B.Bypresentingsupportingfacts.C.Byanalyzingcontributingfactors. D.Byshowingcomparisonandcontrast.8.Whatwillbepresentedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystodealwithsuccessamnesia,B.Differentopinionsonsuccessamnesia.C.Scientificresearchintosuccessamnesia.D.Possibleconsequencesofsuccessamnesia【答案】5.C6.D7.D8.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞“成功失憶癥”這一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了討論，闡述了成功失憶癥對(duì)個(gè)人自信心和成功機(jī)會(huì)的影響，并提出了解決這一問題的方法。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Peoplewithsuccessamnesiaareoftensuccessfulyettheyfinditdifficulttoadmitachievements.(患有成功失憶癥的人往往很成功，但他們很難承認(rèn)自己的成就。)”以及第三段“Successamnesiarobsthemofthesatisfyingsensethatcanhelpthemachieveagoal.(成功失憶癥剝奪了他們?nèi)〉媚繕?biāo)時(shí)那種令人滿意的感覺。)”可以推斷出，那些不太在意或難以承認(rèn)自己成就的人可能患有成功失憶癥。選項(xiàng)C“Onethinkinglittleofhisachievements.(一個(gè)對(duì)自己的成就不太在意的人)”最符合這個(gè)描述。故選C。6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Confidencedoesno