浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟(Z20名校聯(lián)盟)高三下學(xué)期三模英語試題卷

Z20名校聯(lián)盟(浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟)2024屆高三第三次聯(lián)考英語試題卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy. B.Windy. C.Sunny.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howistheweathertoday?M:It’sbeautiful.Thesunisshining.It’sniceandwarm.W:It’smuchbetterthanthecloudydayyesterday,isn’tit?M:Yes,althoughthewindwillprobablypickuplater.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhousuallycallsthecustomersonMonday?A.Jack. B.Gary C.Peter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Peter,I’vejusthadacallfromJack.Heisillandwon’tbeatworktoday,socouldyoumakehisMondaycallstothecustomers?M:ButI’mbusy.Can’tGarydoit?W:Gary’sgoingtobelate.Hiscarbrokedown.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacafé.B.Inagrocerystore.C.Inachocolatefactory.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.I’mlookingforchocolatechipcookies.Ican’tfindtheminthedessertroworthecandysection.W:That’sbecausethey’reinthebakingsection.Gotothefrontofthestoreandturnright.You’llseethebakingareainfrontofyou.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howoldisthemannow?A.16. B.20. C.26.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Didyougoanywhereduringthewinterholiday?M:Yes.Iwentbacktomyhometownwithmyfather.Iwasbroughtupthereanddidn’tleaveuntilIwassix.Butithaschangedalot.Icouldhardlytellwhereanythingwasaftertwentyyears.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shefellandcutherknee.B.Shehurtherleftarm.C.Sheslippedoverontheice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IwasrushingtofeedthehorsesthismorningwhenItrippedoverabigrootinthewoods.Ifellandcutmykneequitebadly.M:Ididsomethingsimilar.Islippedoverontheiceandhurtmyleftarmduringthewinter.第二節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或讀白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.HowlongwillColinbeawayfromschool?A.Oneweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Eightweeks.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.SendingColinacard.B.VisitingColinathishouse.C.HelpingColinwithhisschoolwork.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouheardthenews?W:Whatnews?M:Colinfellandbrokehislegonholiday.Histeacherhadtodrivehimhomeandhe’sgoingtobeoffschoolforeightweeks.W:Ohno,poorColin.He’sbeenawayfortwoweeks,hasn’the?Iwasexpectinghimtobebacknextweek.M:Yes,ithappenedonthelastdayofhisholiday.W:He’llfallbehindwithhisschoolworkM:Histeachersaidhe’dsendhimsomehomeworktodo.Hisclassmateshavesenthimacardaswell.W:Ithinkweshouldgotovisithimathome.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Sharingideasaboutanimalprotection.B.Discussingsomethingaboutadoptingananimal.C.Talkingaboutthesituationofendangeredanimals.9.Whatanimaldoesthewomanwanttoadoptmost?A.Atiger. B.Apanda. C.Anelephant.10.Whatwillthewomangetifsheadoptsananimal?A.Asofttoy. B.Awildlifemagazine. C.Apictureoftheanimal.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W:Look,Ifindthispictureinawildlifemagazine.Themonkeyissocute.Ithinkweshoulddosomethingtohelpanimalsatriskofextinction.M:Likewhat?W:Ithinkweshouldadoptananimal.M:Adopt?Doyoumeanowningawildanimalanditlivesinourhouse?W:Ofcoursenot.Whenyouadoptananimal,youpaymoneytotheanimalcharity.Themoneygoestowardprotectingtheanimalfromhuntingandotherdangers.M:Oh,Isee.So,whatanimalareyouthinkingof?Somethinglikeanelephant,orapanda?W:Elephantsandpandasaregoodanimals,butIamthinkingofatiger.M:OK,wecandothat.W:Andifyouadoptananimal,thecharitywillsendyouupdatesoftheanimalyouhaveadoptedtoshowyouhowit’sgoing…Andyouwillgetanicesofttoytoo!M:Hmm.Somethingtellsmethat’stherealreasonyouwanttoadoptananimal!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.HeneedstoborrowalaptopB.Hislaptopdoesn’tworkproperly.C.Hestrugglestochooselaptopbrands.12.WhydoesthewomanremendElectroLand?A.Herfriendworksthere. B.Thepricesarelowerthere. C.Sheboughtherlaptopthere.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotoastore. B.Arrangeanotherrepair. C.Dosomeresearch.【答案】11.B12.B13.C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,thisisgettingreallyannoying.W:Whatisit?M:Mylaptop.Icanbeworkingonitandthen,allofasudden,Igetablackscreen.W:Doesithappenalot?M:IthappenedafewtimessoItookittobefixed.Therepairmansaidtheproblemwasatinybatteryinsidethatneededreplacing.W:Didhereplaceit?M:Yes,buttheproblemhasn’tgoneaway.Look—blackscreen.W:Howlonghaveyouhadyourlaptop?M:Onlyaboutfiveyears.W:Youknow,that’sabouthowlongalaptoplasts.Ithinkit’stimeyouboughtanewone.M:Buttheyaresoexpensive.W:YoushouldtryElectroLand.Theyhavesomerealbargains.Myfriendgotonefromthereandhelovesit.M:Don’tyouthinkIshouldhaveanothertryatgettingitrepaired?W:Ifitkeepsbreakingdown,Ithinkitissendingyouamessage.Youhaveuseditforfiveyears.Maybeit’stimeforachange.M:OK,butfirstIamgoingtoreadaboutwhichisthebestonetobuy.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whichcitydoesthemanwanttogoto?A.Toronto. B.NewYork. C.London.15.Howdoesthewomansuggestthemangettohisfinaldestination?A.Bytaxi. B.Bysubway. C.Byairportshuttle.16.Howmuchtimewillthemanhavetocollecthisluggage?A.Lessthananhour. B.Aboutoneandahalfhours. C.Atleasttwohours.17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atauniversity. B.Ataticketoffice. C.Onthetelephone.【答案】14.A15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisLandTransportInformationatTorontoPearsonInternationalAirport.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Oh,goodmorning.I’mflyingtoTorontonextFriday,andIneedtogettoYorkUniversity.Couldyoutellmewhatisthebestwaytogetthere?Takingthesubwayorcallingataxi?W:Neither.YorkUniversityisabout20milesnortheastfromhere.You’dbettertaketheairportshuttle.Itwilltakeyoufromtheairportrighttoyourhotelorprivateaddress.M:Thatsoundsgreat.CanIbookthatnow?W:Sure.So,whatdatedoyouwanttobookthisfor?M:The16thofAugust.W:Andwhenwillyouarriveattheairport?M:Ithinkit’s11:40a.m.W:ThenifIbookyourshuttlefor12:30p.m.,thatwillgiveyouplentyoftimetogetyourbags.M:Yes,that’sfine.W:What’syourname?M:JamesThompson.W:OK.Whatflightwillyoubetravelingon?M:It’sAirCanada,flightnumberAC936,fromLondonHeathrow.W:That’s$45,please.M:MyVisacardnumberis33038450.W:OK.That’severything.Haveanicetrip.M:Thanks.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whathappenedtothemenwhorobbedthebank?A.Theygotintoacaraccident.B.Theywereinterviewed.C.Theywenttoprison.19.Whydidthecrashhappen?A.Thedriverwasbusytexting.B.Thedrivercouldn’tseeveryclearly.C.Thedriverdidn’tknowtheroadcondition.20.WhatwilltheRichardsfamilytalkabout?A.TheirdogBodi.B.Funnythingsabouttheirchild.C.Thedangeroftextingwhiledriving.【答案】18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening.ThisisDeniseJenningsherewiththe7:00NewsReport.Earlierthisweek,webroughtyouthestoryoftwomaskedmenwhorobbedthedowntownbankinLafayette.They’vebeencaughtandarecurrentlyinprison.Today,therewasathreecaraccidentthathappenedonHighwayOne.Twopeoplewererushedtothehospitalandfortunatelyappearedtobeinstablecondition.Thecrashwascausedbyawomanwhowastextingwhiledriving.Shewasunabletoseethecarinfrontofher.Pleasedon’ttextwhenyouaredriving,folks!GirlScoutcookiesgoonsalethisweek.GirlScoutsareproudtoannouncethatsugarfreecookieswillbeavailable.They’vealsointroducedsomenewflavors.Whenweebackfromourmercialbreak,theRichardsfamilywillspeakabouttheirdogBodi,whosavedtheirbabydaughterlastweek.Everythingwasrecordedonvideotape.Youwon’twanttomisstheinterview.Plus,Bodiisalsohereinthestudio!Andafterthat,we’llhavetheweatherreportandsports,sostaytuned.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABringItOn:TheMusicalBitinglyrelevantandinspiredbythehitfilmofthesamename,BringItOntakesaudiencesonahighflyingjourneythatisfilledwiththeplexitiesoffriendship,forgivenessandselfdefinition.UnitingsomeofthefreshestandfunniestcreativemindsonBroadway,BringItOnfeaturesanoriginalstorybyTonyAwardwinnerJeffWhitty,musicandlyricsbyTonyAwardwinningposerLinManuelMiranda,andmusicsupervisionbyTonyandGrammyAwardwinnerAlexLacamoire.TheproductionisdirectedandstagedbyTonyAwardwinnerAndyBlankenbuehler.ItwasproposedasacandidatefortheTonyAwardforBestMusical.Campbell,themaincharacter,isacheerleadingstaratTrumanHighSchoolandhersenioryearshouldprovethemostjoyful—she’sbeennamedcaptainoftheteam!However,anunexpectedredistrictinghasforcedhertospendherfinalyearofhighschoolattheneighboringJacksonHighSchool.Despitechallenges,Campbellbefriendstheschool’sdancecrew.Togetherwiththeirheadstrongandhardworkingleader,Danielle,theyformapowerfulteamfortheultimatepetition—theNationalChampionships.Theshow’snamealonewillfilltheseats,andaudience’swordofmouthwillpackthehouse.Withacolorfulvarietyofcharactersandanexcitingfreshsound,BringItOnissuretobeeverythingthatyouhopedfor.21.WhowrotethestorythatBringItOnisbasedon?A.LinManuelMiranda. B.JeffWhittyC.AndyBlankenbuehler. D.AlexLacamoire.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheMusicalBringItOn?A.Campbellmetgreatdifficultiesatfirstinhernewschool.B.ItwontheTonyAwardforBestMusicalforitscreativity.C.Campbellchangedherschooltobethecaptainoftheteam.D.Itwasadaptedfromamoviefocusingonaplexjourney.23.Whatisthetext?A.Ashortstory. B.Anintroductiontoatheater.C.Afilmreview. D.Anadvertisementofaplay.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，為音樂劇《魅力四射》的一則廣告?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“UnitingsomeofthefreshestandfunniestcreativemindsonBroadway,BringItOnfeaturesanoriginalstorybyTonyAwardwinnerJeffWhitty,musicandlyricsbyTonyAwardwinningposerLinManuelMiranda,andmusicsupervisionbyTonyandGrammyAwardwinnerAlexLacamoire.(《魅力四射》匯集了百老匯最新鮮、最有趣的創(chuàng)意思想，由托尼獎得主杰夫·惠蒂創(chuàng)作的原創(chuàng)故事，由托尼獎獲獎作曲家林曼努埃爾·米蘭達(dá)作曲，由托尼和格萊美獎得主亞歷克斯·拉卡莫雷擔(dān)任音樂監(jiān)督)”可知，杰夫·惠蒂創(chuàng)作了這部電影的故事。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Campbell,themaincharacter,isacheerleadingstaratTrumanHighSchoolandhersenioryearshouldprovethemostjoyful—she’sbeennamedcaptainoftheteam!However,anunexpectedredistrictinghasforcedhertospendherfinalyearofhighschoolattheneighboringJacksonHighSchool.Despitechallenges,Campbellbefriendstheschool’sdancecrew.(主角坎貝爾是杜魯門高中的啦啦隊(duì)明星，她的最后一年應(yīng)該是最快樂的——她被任命為球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長！然而，一次意外的選區(qū)重劃迫使她在鄰近的杰克遜高中度過高中最后一年。盡管困難重重，坎貝爾還是和學(xué)校的舞團(tuán)成為了朋友)”可知，坎貝爾一開始在新學(xué)校杰克遜高中遇到了很大的困難。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theshow’snamealonewillfilltheseats,andaudience’swordofmouthwillpackthehouse.Withacolorfulvarietyofcharactersandanexcitingfreshsound,BringItOnissuretobeeverythingthatyouhopedfor.(單是節(jié)目名字就能填滿座位，觀眾的口口相傳也能讓觀眾滿座。豐富多彩的角色和令人興奮的新鮮聲音，《魅力四射》肯定是你所希望的一切)”可推知，本文是音樂劇《魅力四射》的一則廣告。故選D。B18yearsago,a14yearoldboyfromKasungudistrictinMalawiwasforcedtodropoutofschoolforlackoffees.Atthesametime,aseverefaminewasdestroyinghisvillage,claimingpeople’slivesandleavingdesperationinitswake.ThiswasasituationtobreakthestrongestofmindsbutWilliamKamkwambadidnotgiveup.Youngashewas,heknewthateducationwaswherehisfuturelay.Hefoundhopeinthelibraryandfeastedontheknowledgethatheharvestedfromitsbooks.ItwastherethathecameacrossasciencetextbookentitledUsingEnergy.Helearnedthathecouldgenerateelectricityusingwind.Theyoungsterrealizedthat,ifmastered,thispowercouldhelphisvillageinexceptionalways.Armedwithdeterminationandanironwill,theteenagersetouttobuildawindmilloutofrandommaterialsfromascrapyard(垃圾場).Thoughhisoutsideworldwascollapsingtodust,theyoungsterdidnothesitateabouthispurpose.Hedefendedhimselffromalldoubtandcriticism.Heworkedtirelesslyuntilhisdreamofbringingelectricitytohisvillagebecamereality.Soon,hewascaughtinthecenterofmediaattentionthattookhimtonewplacesthathewouldneverhavesteppedonwithouthisinvention.Inhisvillage,thedusthasnotsettledyetandthewindsofchangecontinuetoblowacrosstheland.Windmillspumpwatertoirrigatecrops,sweepingawayanotherperiodofhunger.William’sformerprimaryschoolboastsnewandstrongerbuildings,thankstothehelpofwellwishersandthevillagers’unitedefforts.Whatseemedlikeahopelesssituationhasbeenturnedintoaninspirationalstorythatmotivateseachandeveryoneofus,persuadingusthatnomisfortuneissetinstone.Williamrefusedtobeaschooldropoutforever.Hesoughtsolutionsforhisproblemsandcontinuedfightingevenwhenthegoinggottough.HewasabletoriseabovepovertytobeeagraduatefromoneofAmerica’sbestuniversities,DartmouthCollege.24.WhatinspiredWilliamtobringelectricitytohisvillage?A.Hisrealizationoftheimpactofelectricity. B.Hisawarenessoftheroleofeducation.C.ThesciencetextbookentitledUsingEnergy. D.Theseverefaminedestroyinghisvillage.25.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Allpeopledidn’tsupportWilliam’sdreamatfirst.B.ThepublichadlittleinterestinWilliam’sinvention.C.TheinventionenabledWilliamtomakeabigfortune.D.Thewindmillisenergyefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“setinstone”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Visible. B.Avoidable. C.Unchangeable. D.Unpredictable.27.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthisstory?A.Knowledgefeastsmindandeducationpromiseswealth.B.Necessityinspiresinventionandhardshipmakesheroes.C.Criticismpromotessuccessanddoubtfacilitatescreation.D.Adversitymotivatesinspirationandsupportpushessolutions.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了少年WilliamKamkwamba通過廢品改造，把村里通電的夢想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。風(fēng)車抽水灌溉莊稼，緩解了當(dāng)?shù)氐酿嚮?。?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ItwastherethathecameacrossasciencetextbookentitledUsingEnergy.Helearnedthathecouldgenerateelectricityusingwind.Theyoungsterrealizedthat,ifmastered,thispowercouldhelphisvillageinexceptionalways.(在那里，他看到了一本名為《使用能源》的科學(xué)教科書。他了解到他可以利用風(fēng)發(fā)電。這個年輕人意識到，如果掌握了這種力量，他可以以不同尋常的方式幫助他的村莊)”可知，科學(xué)教科書《使用能源》激勵威廉把電帶到他的村莊。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hedefendedhimselffromalldoubtandcriticism.(他為自己辯護(hù)，不受任何懷疑和批評)”可知，起初并不是所有人都支持威廉的夢想。故選A?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Whatseemedlikeahopelesssituationhasbeenturnedintoaninspirationalstorythatmotivateseachandeveryoneofus,persuadingusthatnomisfortune”以及后文“Hesoughtsolutionsforhisproblemsandcontinuedfightingevenwhenthegoinggottough.(他為自己的問題尋求解決方案，即使情況變得艱難，他也會繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗)”可知，一個看似絕望的情況已經(jīng)變成了一個鼓舞人心的故事，說明沒有什么不幸是一成不變的，故劃線詞意思是“不變的”。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whatseemedlikeahopelesssituationhasbeenturnedintoaninspirationalstorythatmotivateseachandeveryoneofus,persuadingusthatnomisfortuneissetinstone.Williamrefusedtobeaschooldropoutforever.Hesoughtsolutionsforhisproblemsandcontinuedfightingevenwhenthegoinggottough.HewasabletoriseabovepovertytobeeagraduatefromoneofAmerica’sbestuniversities,DartmouthCollege.(一個看似絕望的情況已經(jīng)變成了一個鼓舞人心的故事，激勵著我們每一個人，讓我們相信沒有什么不幸是一成不變的。威廉拒絕永遠(yuǎn)做一個輟學(xué)者。他為自己的問題尋求解決方案，即使情況變得艱難，他也會繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗。他能夠擺脫貧困，成為美國最好的大學(xué)之一達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院的畢業(yè)生)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了少年WilliamKamkwamba通過廢品改造，把村里通電的夢想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。風(fēng)車抽水灌溉莊稼，緩解了當(dāng)?shù)氐酿嚮?。可知，作者想在這個故事中表達(dá)需要激發(fā)發(fā)明，困難造就英雄。故選B。CLordNormanFoster,renownedasoneoftheworld’sforemostarchitects,hasdevoteddecadestoredefiningtheconceptoftallbuildings.“Whatwe’vedoneiscreateasenseofidentifydrawnfromrealneeds,”Fostersaid.“It’snotafashionableidea,butgeneratedfromtherealitieswewerein.”HismasterpieceincludesiconicstructuressuchastheHSBCbuildinginHongKong.Now,he’ssethissightsonQatar.Currentlynearingpletionandsettoreachaheightof301meters,Foster’sLusailTowersarereadytoclaimthetitleofQatar’stallestbuildings.LusailTowersareintendedtoserveasacenterforQatar’sfinancialinstitutions,withfourdistinctiveblocks,twostandingat70storiesandtwoat50stories.Buttheconstructionitselfwasn’tallplainsailing.ToaddresstheuniquechallengespresentedbyQatar’shotclimate,Foster’steamhadtodepartfromthematerialsmonlyusedinskyscrapersincoolercountries—partofwhatFostercalledadecadeslongquestto“reinventthetallbuilding.”Thedesignbinesadvancedshadingwithventilation(通風(fēng)),whilethetowers’surfacesarecoatedwith“marinegrade”aluminum(鋁)thatwrapsaroundthebuildings,protectingtheglassfromstrongsunlightwhilemaintainingtheviewsandstilllettinginnaturallight.Centraltotheprojectarespecialshadingfins(鰭),whichnotonlyoptimizeviewsandnaturallightingforoccupantsbutreducesolarradiationby70%paredtotraditionalallglasstowers.WhilethetowersarereadytobeearecognizablelandmarkforLusail,Fosterbelievesthatacity’sskylinereflectswhatliesbeneaththesurface.Itwascrucialtointegratethetowersintoa“l(fā)owscalemasterplan.”Theyarestrategicallypositionedontopofasubwaylineandattheendofamercialavenuelinkingthewaterfront(濱水區(qū))tothenearbyfootballstadium.AccordingtoFoster,thegroundfeaturesoftheplazawillplayasignificantroleintheobjectiveoftransformingtheareaintoalivelypublicspaceforthefuture.28.AccordingtoFoster’sconcept,whatshouldtallbuildingsbelike?A.Renowned. B.Identical.C.Fashionable D.Practical.29.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLusailTowers?A.Theywillfunctionasaglobalfinancialcenter. B.TheyareexpectedtobeQartar’stallestbuilding.C.TheyareFoster’smostrenownediconicmasterpiece. D.Theyhavefourblockswiththesamestyleandheight.30.WhatwasthesolutiontothechallengescausedbyQatar’shotclimate?A.Coatingthetowerwithanunconventionalmaterial.B.Reducingtheviewsandnaturallightingwithshadingfins.C.Replacingtheglasswith“marinegrade”aluminum.D.Protectingtheglassfromnaturallightandsolarradiation.31.What’sthegoalof“l(fā)owscalemasterplan”?A.Tolinkthewaterfronttothefootballstadium. B.Tocreatearemarkableplazaforthecitizens.C.Toofferadynamicpublicspaceforthefuture. D.Toconnectasubwayandamercialavenue.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了建筑師諾曼·福斯特和他設(shè)計(jì)的卡塔爾盧塞爾塔的背景和特點(diǎn)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中““Whatwe’vedoneiscreateasenseofidentifydrawnfromrealneeds,”Fostersaid.“It’snotafashionableidea,butgeneratedfromtherealitieswewerein.”(“我們所做的是創(chuàng)造一種從實(shí)際需求中汲取的認(rèn)同感，”福斯特說?！斑@不是一個時髦的想法，而是從我們所處的現(xiàn)實(shí)中產(chǎn)生的”。)”可知，他強(qiáng)調(diào)的是建筑的實(shí)用性，而非主流時尚，故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Currentlynearingpletionandsettoreachaheightof301meters,Foster’sLusailTowersarereadytoclaimthetitleofQatar’stallestbuildings.(福斯特的盧塞爾塔目前已接近完工，將達(dá)到301米的高度，已準(zhǔn)備好獲得卡塔爾最高建筑的稱號。)”可知，盧塞爾塔有望成為卡塔爾最高的建筑，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thedesignbinesadvancedshadingwithventilation(通風(fēng)),whilethetowers’surfacesarecoatedwith“marinegrade”aluminum(鋁)thatwrapsaroundthebuildings,protectingtheglassfromstrongsunlightwhilemaintainingtheviewsandstilllettinginnaturallight.(該設(shè)計(jì)將先進(jìn)的遮陽與通風(fēng)相結(jié)合，而塔樓的表面則涂有“海洋級”鋁，包裹在建筑物周圍，保護(hù)玻璃免受強(qiáng)烈陽光照射，同時保持視野并仍然讓自然光進(jìn)入。)”可知，塔樓表面則涂有“海洋級”鋁是應(yīng)對卡塔爾炎熱氣候的辦法，故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“AccordingtoFoster,thegroundfeaturesoftheplazawillplayasignificantroleintheobjectiveoftransformingtheareaintoalivelypublicspaceforthefuture.(根據(jù)福斯特的說法，廣場的地面特征將在將該地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲磥沓錆M活力的公共空間的目標(biāo)中發(fā)揮重要作用。)”可知，小規(guī)模總體規(guī)劃的目標(biāo)是為未來提供一個充滿活力的公共空間，故選C項(xiàng)。DAnancient,interdependentrelationshipthatcontributestofoodsystemsandecosystemstabilityacrosstheglobecouldbechanging.Manyfloweringplantscanselfpollinate(自花傳粉),ortransferpollenbetweentheirownblossomsforseedgenerationandreproduction,butmostoftheseplantshavereliedonpollinatorssuchasbutterfliesandbeestoreproduce.Now—duringdeclinesreportedinmanypollinatorpopulations—anewstudyontheevolutionofoneflowerspecies’matingsystemhasrevealedaremarkablechangethatcouldworsenthechallengesfacedbytheplants’insectpartners.Theflowersreproductiveevolutionmaybelinkedtoenvironmentalchangessuchashabitatdestructionandrapidongoingdecreasesinpollinatorbiodiversity,accordingtoSamsonAcocaPidolle,wholedthestudypublishedDecember19inthejournalNewPhytologist.paringseedsofwildfieldpansies(三色堇)collecteddecadesagoinFrancewiththeplants’moderndescendants.AcocaPidolleandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthattoday’sflowersaresmallerandproducelessnectar(花蜜)asaresultofincreasedselfpollination,whichhasdirectimpactsonpollinatorbehavior.Thepansiesofthepastselffertilizedlessandattractedfarmorepollinatorsthanthoseofthepresent,accordingtothestudy.“Itseemsthatit’sonlytraits(特性)thatareinvolvedinplantpollinatorinteractionthatareevolving,”saidAcocaPidolle.Thechangescouldrestricttheplants’abilitytoadapttofutureenvironmentalchangesandhaveimplicationsfor“alloffloralbiodiversity”—potentiallydecreasingfloweringplants’genetic,speciesandecosystemvariation.“Thismayincreasethepollinatordeclineandcauseanegativefeedbackcycle,”studycoauthorPierreOlivierCheptoutoldCNN.”Ifplantsproducelessnectar,therewillbelessfoodavailabletopollinators,whichwillinturnacceleratetherateatwhichtheanimals’numbersdecrease“,heexplained.“Themajormessageisthatwearecurrentlyseeingtheevolutionarybreakdownofplantpollinatorsinthewild,”saidCheptou,anevolutionaryecologistattheFrenchNationalCentreforScientificResearchandprofessorattheUniversityofMontpellier.32.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetotheflowers’reproductiveevolution?A.Changedbehaviourofpollinators. B.Severepollutiontothehabitats.C.Continuingdeclineinpollinatorbiodiversity. D.Increasedplantpollinatorinteraction.33.Whywerepansiesinthepastlargerandproducedmorenectar?A.Theyselfpollinatedless. B.Theyhadabettermatingsystem.C.Theyattractedlesspollinators. D.Theywerefertilizedbythemselves.34.Whatistheresultofthechangesintheflowers’reproductiveevolution?A.Thefloweringplantsmayhavemorevariations.B.Theevolutionofwildplantpollinatorsiscollapsing.C.Thenumbersoftheanimalswillincreasemorerapidly.D.Theplantswilladapttotheenvironmentalchangesbetter.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PollinatorPopulations:Declining. B.FloweringPlants:Selfing.C.InterdependentRelationship:Maintaining. D.FloralDiversity:Increasing.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了由于環(huán)境變化如棲息地破壞和傳粉者多樣性的快速減少，一種花種的繁殖系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化可能導(dǎo)致花朵變得更小，花蜜產(chǎn)量減少，從而更多地自我授粉，這對傳粉者行為產(chǎn)生了直接影響。這種進(jìn)化可能會限制植物對環(huán)境變化的適應(yīng)能力，并可能加劇傳粉者種群的下降，形成惡性循環(huán)，揭示植物與傳粉者之間生態(tài)關(guān)系的潛在演變及其可能帶來的生態(tài)影響?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theflowersreproductiveevolutionmaybelinkedtoenvironmentalchangessuchashabitatdestructionandrapidongoingdecreasesinpollinatorbiodiversity,accordingtoSamsonAcocaPidolle,wholedthestudypublishedDecember19inthejournalNewPhytologist.(12月19日發(fā)表在《新植物學(xué)家》（NewPhytologist）雜志上的這項(xiàng)研究的薩姆森·阿科卡皮多爾（SamsonAcocaPidolle）表示，花的生殖進(jìn)化可能與環(huán)境變化有關(guān)，例如棲息地破壞和傳粉媒介生物多樣性的快速持續(xù)下降。)”可知，傳粉生物多樣性持續(xù)下降可能有助于花的生殖進(jìn)化，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“AcocaPidolleandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthattoday’sflowersaresmallerandproducelessnectar(花蜜)asaresultofincreasedselfpollination,whichhasdirectimpactsonpollinatorbehavior.(AcocaPidolle和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于自花授粉的增加，今天的花朵更小，產(chǎn)生的花蜜（花蜜）更少，這對傳粉者的行為有直接影響。)”可知，過去的三色堇更大，花蜜很多是因?yàn)樗麄冏曰ㄊ诜凵?，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第最后一段““Themajormessageisthatwearecurrentlyseeingtheevolutionarybreakdownofplantpollinatorsinthewild,”saidCheptou,anevolutionaryecologistattheFrenchNationalCentreforScientificResearchandprofessorattheUniversityofMontpellier.(“主要的信息是，我們目前看到野生植物傳粉媒介的進(jìn)化崩潰，”法國國家科學(xué)研究中心的進(jìn)化生態(tài)學(xué)家、蒙彼利埃大學(xué)教授切普圖說。)”可知，花朵繁殖進(jìn)化變化導(dǎo)致野生植物傳粉者的進(jìn)化正在崩潰，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theflowersreproductiveevolutionmaybelinkedtoenvironmentalchangessuchashabitatdestructionandrapidongoingdecreasesinpollinatorbiodiversity,accordingtoSamsonAcocaPidolle,wholedthestudypublishedDecember19inthejournalNewPhytologist.(這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在12月19日的《新植物學(xué)家》(Newphyologist)雜志上，該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人SamsonAcocaPidolle表示，這種花的生殖進(jìn)化可能與環(huán)境變化有關(guān)，比如棲息地的破壞和傳粉媒介生物多樣性的迅速減少?！辈⑼ㄗx全文可知，由于環(huán)境變化如棲息地破壞和傳粉者多樣性的快速減少，開花植物正在更多地自我授粉，這是由于傳粉者種群減少和環(huán)境變化導(dǎo)致的，“開花植物:自我授粉”適合作標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThingsToRememberOnYourFirstSoloTravelAdventureIfyou’veeverthoughtaboutjusttakingatripyourselfinsteadofwaitingforsomeonetojoinyou,you’renotalone.____36____However,doyoucountyourselfamongthemanywhohavetriedit?Ifyou’replanningyourownsolotrip,herearefourimportantthingstokeepinmind.____37____Sinceyou’retravelingsolo,howyouchoosetoexploreitisentirelyuptoyou.Thisisyourchancetodowhateveryouwantwheneveryouwantbecausethistime,you’rerunningtheshow.Don’tbeafraidtotalktorandompeople.Thoughthereissomeonewhoposesathreat,it’simportanttorememberthatnoteveryoneisouttogetyou.____38____That’sbecauseyou’reanovelty,apersonfromanothercountrywhoisvisitingtheirs.Therefore,insteadofputtingonyourheadphonesorinstantlyseeingthemasweirdos,usethisspontaneouschatasachancetomeetthelocalsorgetremendationsforthingstododuringyourtrip.It’sokaytohavebaddays.____39____Ithappensandit’spletelyokaytotakesometimetoprocesswhateveritisyou’refeeling.Takeyourselftoamovieorspendthedaydongsomethingrelaxinglikewritinginyourjournalorreadingonthebeach.It’sokaytostartsmall.____40____Startbydoingastaycationinanotherpartoftown,spendingafewdaysinanewlocaleabusortrainrideaway.Justdowhateveryou’refortablewitha