2023年北京市初三一模英語試題匯編：閱讀單選CD篇

第1頁/共1頁2023北京初三一模英語匯編閱讀單選CD篇（2023北京西城統(tǒng)考一模）Inmanyways,ourmemoriesdefine（定義）oursenseofself.Youfirsthaveasenseofyourselfearlyinlife,perhapsasyoungas18months,whenyourecognizethatthelittlebabyyouseeinthemirrorisreallyyou,andnotanotherchild.Asyouprogressthroughchildhoodandintoteenageyears,youstarttodevelopasetofviewsaboutyouridentity（身份），includinghowyourbodylooksandperforms,yourabilities,yourpersonalityandyourplaceinsociety.Whilewearegrowingup,westarttocreateourowndescriptionsabouttheeventswehavegonethrough,orwhatIcallthe“l(fā)ifestory”.Ouridentitiesareshapedbyourlifestories,asthememoriesofthesestoriesgraduallybecomeapartofoursenseofself.Ofallthesememories,themostimportantare“self-definingmemories”.Theyarerememberedmostclearlyandcanhelptobuildupouroverallsenseofselfmostgreatly.Learningtorecognizeyourownself-definingmemoriescanhelpyougainimportantinsightsaboutyouridentity.Theeasiestwaytodiscoveryourownself-definingmemoriesisbythinkingabouttheeventsinyourlifethatyouaremostlikelytotellotherpeopleaboutwhentheysay“tellmealittleaboutyourself”.However,self-definingmemoriesarealwayschangingasyouexperiencemoreevents.Theymayvaryaccordingtoyourageandwhatyoucareaboutinpresentlife.Inastudy,scientistscomparedolderadultswithcollegestudents.Theyfoundthatolderadultsweremorelikelytofeelmorepositively（正面地）abouttheirself-definingmemories,evenifthememorieswereofeventsthatwerenegativeinnature.Asimilarstudyalsosuggeststhatolderadultshavefoundwaystomakesenseoutoftheirlifestories.Theyturnmemoriesoftroublingeventsintopositivestories,andinthisway,theymakepeacewiththeirpaststruggles（掙扎）.Foryoungeradults,troublingeventscausethemtoexperiencemorepainwhentheyrecallthem.Asscientistshavediscovered,aself-definingmemorydoesnothavetobepositiveinorderforyoutogrowfromit.It’snottheevent,butthemeaningyoumakeoutoftheevent,thataffects（影響）yoursenseofwell-being.Discoveringyourself-definingmemoriesisanimportantstepindealingwithyourlifeexperiences.Byrecognizingandmakingsenseoutofpastevents,youridentitycancontinuetogrowandimprovehowyouseeyourselfbothnow,andinthefuture.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Ourself-definingmemorieshavelittletodowithage.B.Ourowndescriptionsoflifeexperiencesshapeouridentity.C.Weshouldsharepositivelifestorieswhenintroducingourselves.D.Westarttohaveself-definingmemorieswhenweare18monthsold.2.FromthestudiesmentionedinParagraph5,weknow_______.A.importanteventscanbechangedbytimeB.olderadultshavefewtroublinglifeeventsC.makingsenseoutofmemorieshelpsustogrowD.self-discoveryhappensduringpositiveexperiences3.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Self-definingmemories:HowothersgettoknowyouB.Self-definingmemories:AcollectionofpleasantmemoriesC.Self-definingmemories:AgreatwaytounderstandyourselfD.Self-definingmemories:Describingyourbestselftotheworld（2023北京西城統(tǒng)考一模）Aweisthefeelingwegetinthepresenceofsomethingvastthatchallengesourunderstandingoftheworld,likelookingupatmillionsofstarsinthenightskyorshakinghandswithabasketballsuperstar.Whenpeoplefeelawe,theymayuseotherwordstotalkabouttheexperience,suchaswonder,amazementorexcitement.Weoftenthinkaboutawewhenweexperienceuncommonandextraordinaryevents,suchasviewingasunriseovertheGrandCanyonorwatchingOlympiansbreakworldrecords.Butwhenscientistsstudypeople’sexperiencesofawe,theysuggestaweisalsofoundineverydaylife—watchingagingkotreechangefromgreentoyellow,orseeingastrangergivefoodtoahomelessperson.Thefeelingofaweaffectsthewayweviewourselves.Theexperienceofawecanhaveadeepinfluenceonourmental（心理的）health,byallowingustoputourworriesintoperspective.Whenweareinthepresenceofsomethingvastandindescribable,wefeelunimportant,andsodoourworries.Theexperienceofaweliftsusoutofthecommonpracticalthoughtsthatcontrolourdailylivesanditallowsustohaveinnerpeace.Inareaswherethepopulationcaneasilygettobeautifulgreenspaces,peoplereportgreaterhappinessandgoodwilltowardothers.Astudyshowedthatolderadultswhotookweekly15-minuteoutdoorwalksinnatureforeightweeksreportedincreasedpositiveemotionsandlesspainintheirdailylives.Peopleinawearemorelikelytoshowkindnessandfeelagreatersenseofconnectiontoothersandtheworld.Inmomentsofawe,wedirectourselvesfromthesensethatwearesolely（獨自地）incontrolofourownfuturetothefeelingwearepartofacommunity.Whenwegivelessattentiontoourowngoalsandneeds,wearemorelikelytobeabletonoticeothersandwhattheymaybeexperiencing.Insum,aweariseswhenwerunintothewondersoflifeandleadstoadisappearingoftheself.Steppingoutsideofoneselfisavaluableskill.Itispossibletofindawe-inspiringmomentsinalldifferentplaces.Therefore,activelylookfortheexperiencesthatfeedyourownhungerforawe,beitthroughadmiringthetreesinyourneighborhood,orseeingthegoodnessinothers.Takethetimetoslowdownandopenyourmindtothosethingswhichyoudonotfullyunderstand.Youwillbethebetterforit—and,asyourfeelingsofawespreadthroughactsofkindness,sowilltherestofus.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Meetingstrangersoftenbringsfeelingsofexcitement.B.Evencommondailyeventscanleadtothefeelingofawe.C.Uncommoneventsareusuallyrelatedtothebeautyofnature.D.Greaterhappinesscanresultfromgivingourselvesmoreattention.5.Thewords“putourworriesintoperspective”inParagraph3probablymean“____________”.A.getusedtoourworriescompletelyB.dealwithourworriesassoonaspossibleCshareourworrieswithfamilyandclosefriendsD.understandtheactualimportanceofourworries6.Apersonwhohasjustexperiencedawewillprobably_________.A.readilyreachouttothoseinneedB.reportfeelingmoreself-importantC.separatehimselffromtherestofagroupDbeunwillingtoworkwithothersonateam7.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowuswaystounderstandwhataweis.B.Toexplaintoushowawecanimprovehealth.C.Toencourageustobereadytoexperienceawe.D.Toadviseustofreeourselvesfromthefearofawe.（2023北京海淀統(tǒng)考一模）Peopleusedtoseelotsofplasticsontheseasurface.Nowinastudy,researchershavefoundthatthemicroplasticpollutionindeepwaterismuchmoreseriousthanthatontheseasurface.“Whatwe’veknownaboutmicroplastichasbeenfromtheseasurface,“saysKyleVanHoutan,“butthisstudysuggeststhere’salargeramountthat’sunnoticed.“Microplasticsaresmallpiecesthatbreakfromplasticbottlesorbagsastheychangetosimplerchemicalformsintheenvironment.Theyhavedifferentsizesandcanbefoundanywhere,includingintheoceans,lakes,soilandevenblowingintheairTostudymicroplasticpollutionindeepsea,Houtan’steamcollectedsamples(樣本)intheseabyusingaROV(遙控潛水器).AstheROVwentdownfrom5to1,000metersbelowtheseasurface,aspecially-designedmachinefiltered(過濾)thesamplewaterandkeptthesmallparticles(微粒).Backinthelab,theteamusedaspecialmachinetofindoutthetypesofplasticpresent.Althoughtheresearchersfoundmicroplasticwaseverywhere,theamountoftheparticleswasnotevenlyspreadinthewater.Themidwater,180to460metersbelowthesurface,heldthehighestamountofmicroplasticpollution,aboutfourtimesasmuchasonthesurface.VanHoutanthinksthismaybebecausewhenplasticbreaksdownintoever-smallerpieces,theyarecoveredwithbiologicalmaterial,whichcausesthemtogodownintothedeep-seaareaTheirfindingsarebasedonlyonacertainarea,andiftheresultsholdforthewideroceanenvironment,theamountofplasticinthemidwaterwouldbeworrying,becausethisiskeylivingenvironmentformostseaanimals.Theseparticles,whichhaveharmfulchemicals,cangointothefoodwebsatboththeocean’ssurfaceandseafloor,andcaninfluencereproductionofseaanimals.Thefinaleffectremainsunknown,butwhatisforcertain,Houtansays,isthat“thisisaseriousproblem,anditshowshumanscanchangenaturalsystems.“Yetinotherways,“theresultsareencouraging,“hesays.Sincemostofthemicroplasticwastecomesfromsingle-useplastic,thismeanswecouldreducemicroplasticpollutionbycuttingdownontheproductionanduseoftheunnecessaryplasticproducts.8.Houtan’steamusedROVto____________________.A.filterthesamplewater B.collectsamplesintheseaC.examinethechemicals D.recordthedepthofwater9.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudymentionedinthepassage?A.Theseasurfaceisthemostseriouslypolluted.B.Deep-seaanimalswilldieoutinthenearfuture.C.Themidwaterholdsthemostmicroplasticparticles.D.Biologicalmaterialdestroysthefoodwebsindeepsea.10.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toremindpeopletoreduceplasticwaste.B.Toexplaincausesofmicroplasticpollution.C.Tointroducechangesintheoceanecosystem.D.Toadvisepeopletorecyclesingle-useproducts.（2023北京海淀統(tǒng)考一模）Mostofusprobablyhavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Somearemostlyharmless.Stillotherliesmayevenbecreatedwithkindness.Butwhateverkindoflieyoutell,ittakessurprisingbrainpowertopullitoff.Lyingalsocanhaveunwantedinfluences,too.Whenyoutellthetruth,youthinkofwhatyouwanttosayandjustsayit.However,lyingtakesmuchmorework—youhavetocomeupwithastoryandrememberit.Alotofthatworkisdoneinabrainareacalledtheprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮層).It’sresponsibleforworkingmemoryandexecutivefunction(執(zhí)行功能)taskssuchasplanning,problem-solvingandself-control.Workingmemorykeepsthingsinmindjustforalittlewhileasyou’reusingthem.Executivefunctioncomesintoplaywhenyouuseself-controltokeepfromblurtingout(脫口而出)thefactsthatwoulduncoveryourlie.Ithelpsyourecallallthedetailsofalietomakesurethatitsoundsbelievable.Italsoletsyouthinkasteportwoaheadtomakesurethelieyou’retellingwilllikelyholduptoquestioning.Callingonyourexecutivefunctionthiswayusesupalotofbrainpower.Vendemia,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthCarolina,didaresearchandhasfoundthatpeople’smentalworkloadwillbeheavierandtheirreactiontimelongerwhentheylie.Worsestill,whentheprefrontalcortexisbusywithtasksrelatedtolying,shenotes,ithasahardertimedoingothertaskssuchasmakingastudyplanorusingself-controltokeepfromspendingtoomuchtimeoncomputergames.Lyinghassocialinfluences,too.Eventhekindestliescansometimesberiskyandoftenbackfire.Whenyougivedishonestpraise,youmaymakeyourfriendsfeelgoodatfirst.Butifyoudoitoftenenough,they’llsoonlearnthattheycan’ttrustyourpraise.Peoplegenerallyvaluehonestyanddon’tlikeliars,soifyouareviewedasuntrustworthy,itcanbebadforyourrelationships.It’swidelyagreedthatnearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,andnowscienceisrevealing(揭示)howdishonestyinfluencesthebrainandyourabilitytobuildthetrustonwhichstrongrelationshipsdepend.So,evenwhenlyingdoesn’tstretchyournose,itstillcomesatapricethatyoucan’tafford.11.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout_________________.A.whyself-controlbenefitsthebrain B.whatsocialinfluenceslyingcanbringC.howthebrainworkswhenpeoplelie D.whenexecutivefunctioncomesintoplay12.Whatcanwelearnaboutlyingfromthepassage?A.Lyingimprovesworkingmemory.B.Coveringliestakesmuchbrainpower.C.Thenatureofliesisdecidedbythebrain.D.People’sreactioncanbespedupbylying.13.Theunderlinedword“backfire”inParagraph4probablymeans“______________”.A.leadtoseriousaccidents B.helptowinfullsupportC.buildupstrongrelationships D.havetheoppositeeffect14.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SignsofLyingB.CostsofLyingC.CausesofLiesD.TypesofLies（2023北京朝陽統(tǒng)考一模）Kidsarebornforscience.Thisideamaysurpriseyoubecausescienceseemsdifficulttolearn.Yetitreallyholdswaterandsciencelearningislikelytomakeagreatdifferenceinkids’lives.Thebasicscienceisamixtureofthoughtandexperimentcalledthescientificmethod.It’swhereyoustartwithanidea,createawaytoexplainyouridea,andshowwhatyoulearnedbasedonfacts.Learningtofollowthisprocesshelpsyouthinklogically(邏輯地)andcarefully.Theseimportantthinkingskillscanbeusedinmanyareasofstudy.Togiveachildpracticewiththesethinkingskillsislikegivingvitamins(維生素)toadevelopingmind.Oneofthegreatestthingswecanteachourchildrenistolovelearning.Learningscienceisagreatwaytodoso.Childrenareintriguedbysciencebecausemuchofscienceishands-on.Itattractsmostchildren.Nothingmakesachildsitupandtakenoticelikethe“WOW!”ofagreatscienceshowing.Scienceopensdoorstomanysubjectsatschool.Buildingloveforsciencecanbehelpfulinotherareasofstudy.Forexample,onecannotlovescienceforverylongwithoutbecominggoodatitslanguage—math!So,scienceencourageschildrentostudymath.Aninterestinscienceisaninterestinhowthingswereonceunderstoodcomparedtohowtheyareunderstoodnow.Asaresult,studyingsciencelendsitselfeasilytostudyinghistory.Andafteryoudoanexperiment,youneedtowritealabreport.So,writingbecomesanimportantpartofscience.Scienceisthebasicthingformuchofourlife.Thescienceoffarmingshowshowourfoodisproduced;biomedical(生物醫(yī)學(xué)的)sciencekeepsushealthy;evenourbedsthesedaysaredesignedaccordingtoscientificfacts.Wealmosteat,sleepandbreathewiththehelpofscience!Whenwepreparethefuturevoters(選民),creatorsandofficials,itisimportanttomakesuretheyarenotonlycomfortablebutalsogoodatscience.15.Theexpression“areintriguedby”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.A.areinterestedin B.aresatisfiedwithC.aregoodat D.arebusywith16.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.childrenusuallyconsiderscienceboringB.scienceistoodifficultforchildrentounderstandC.learningsciencecanimprovechildren’sthinkingskillsD.childrenwhoaregoodatwritingcanlearnsciencewell17.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Whykidsshouldlearnscience.B.Howkidscanmakeuseofscience.C.Whyscienceisimportantforofficials.D.Whatfuturevotersshouldlearnatschool.（2023北京朝陽統(tǒng)考一模）Likemanywriters,I’matopmasteratprocrastination(拖延癥).WhenIshouldbeworkingonatask,withtheclocktickingtowardsmydeadline,I’llsittherewatchingmeaninglessinterviewsorcatvideosontheInternet.Accordingtothetraditionalthinking—I,alongwithmyfriendprocrastinators,haveatimemanagementproblem.Bythisview,Ihaven’tfullyunderstoodhowlongmytaskisgoingtotakeandI’mnotpayingenoughattentiontohowmuchtimeI’mactuallywastingonvideos.Withbetterscheduling(時序安排),Iwillstopprocrastinatingandgetonwithmywork.Increasingly,however,psychologists(心理學(xué)家)arerealizingthisiswrong.ResearchersintheUKhaveshowedthatprocrastinationisamatterwithmanagingouremotions,notourtime.Thetaskwe’reputtingoffismakingusfeelbad—perhapsit’sboring,toodifficultorwe’reworriedaboutfailing—andtomakeourselvesfeelbetterinthemoment,westartdoingsomethingelse,likewatchingvideos.OneresearchtoencouragetheemotionalviewofprocrastinationwaspublishedbyresearchersatCaseWesternReserveUniversity.Theyfirstmadepeoplefeelbad(byaskingthemtoreadsadstories)andshowedthatthisincreasedtheirrepeatedhabittoprocrastinatebyplayingvideogamesinsteadofpreparingforthetesttheyknewwascoming.Followingstudiesbyanotherteamalsoshowedfeelingdownonlymakespeopleprocrastinatemoreiftheyhavefunthingstodivert(分散)theirattention.Thisfreshviewonprocrastinationisbeginningtoopenupexcitingnewmethodstoreducingthehabit.Amethod,whichisbasedonAcceptanceandCommitmentTherapy(接納與承諾療法),seemsespeciallyproper.Itarguesthatorderingchoicesandactionsthathelpyougetclosertogetthingsdonecankeepyouawayfromtheunpleasantfeelings.Sothenexttimeyou’regoingtoprocrastinate,makeyourfocusassimpleas“What’sthenextaction?”Focusingonthisone-stepquestiontakesyourmindoffyourfeelingsandontoeasilyachievableaction.“Ourresearchandlivedexperienceshowveryclearlythatoncewegetstarted,usuallywe’reabletokeepgoing.Gettingstartedis“everything”.18.Traditionally,wethinkprocrastinatorsarethosewho________.A.areusuallyresponsiblepeopleB.havedifficultymanagingtimeC.enjoywatchingvideoswhilewritingD.cangetworkdonewithbetterorganization19.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.Lowemotionsleadtoprocrastination.B.Procrastinationimprovesyourmoods.C.Test-takerscannotescapebademotions.D.Procrastinatorsprefergamestosadstories.20.Whydoesthewritersuggestfocusingononesimplequestion?A.Becauseitshortenstheprocess.B.Becauseitmayreduceunpleasantfeelings.C.Becauseitcanfixtimemanagementproblem.D.Becauseitencouragesthewildestimagination.21.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducenewstudiesaboutprocrastination.B.Tocomparedifferentreasonsforprocrastination.C.Todiscusswhateffectprocrastinationbringsabout.D.Toexplainhowgoodtimemanagementmattersinlife.（2023北京通州統(tǒng)考一模）Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn'thavetodoanythingoutoftheordinary.Butlyingtakesmuchmorework.Scienceshowswhylyingcanbehardonmorethanjustyourconscience(良知).Itcanalsoimpair(減弱)howwellyoucanthink.Imagineyouarelateforclassandyoudecidetolie.Nowyouhavetocomeupwithareasonormakeastory.Ifyourteacherasksquestions,youmustquicklydecidehowtorespond.Soyousay:“Ihadtostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.”Yourteacherasks:“ThebookIassigned(布置的)lastweek?”Immediately,youmustdecidehowtorespond—andquickly.Ifyousayyes,theteachermightasktoseethebook.Orshemightexpectyoutoreadfromitinclass.So,youhavetoimaginethesepossibilities.Soyoumightsay:“No.Itwasadifferentbook”Inthissituation,youmustfigureout(想出)whatyouneedtosaytokeepthiswholeliefromfallingapart.Whenyouarelying,yougiveyourbrainatonofextrawork.Alotofthatworkisdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前額皮質(zhì)).It'sthepartofthebraininchargeofworkingmemory.Anditkeepsthingsinmindforashortwhile.Theprefrontalcortexalsoplaysaroleinothermentalskills.Someexamplesareplanning,problem-solvingandself-control.Scientistscalltheseskills“executivefunction”(執(zhí)行功能).Youuseyourexecutivefunctioninmanywayswhenyoulie. Youmightuseselfcontrol,forexample.Itstopsyoufromblurtingout(脫口而出)thetruth.Callingonyourexecutivefunctionusesupalotofbrainpower.There'slessleftoverforotherthings.Thebrainisobtusewhenitswitches(轉(zhuǎn)換)betweenlyingandtruth-telling.Italsomakesmoremistakes.VictoriaTalwarstudieslyinginchildrenandshesaysthattherearethingspeoplecandotoencouragehonesty.Youngpeoplewanttomakeothersfeelgood,sofindingwaystosupporttheirfriendswhilestillbeingtruthfulisonestrategy.“Whenpeople'sfriendsaretruthfulwiththem,”shesays,“itcreatesacultureofhonestyamongthem.”sheargues,“itwillbuildstrongerfriendships.”Sheaddsthatit'smoreimportanttorewardpeoplefortellingthetruth.Tellingimportanttruthscanbehard.Shesayssharingthosetruthsfeelsgood.22.Whenpeoplearelying,theyhavetoA.figureoutwhatextraworktheyneedtoprepareB.findenoughtimetodecidehowtorespondtoothersC.avoidusingtheexecutivefunctiontotellthetruthD.imaginepossibleanswerstokeeptheliefromfallingapart23.ThewordobtuseinParagraph6probablymeans___________.A.clearB.quickC.slowD.relaxed24.Thepassageismainlyabout_________________.A.howmuchextraworkyourbraincanaffordB.whytellinglieswillstealpeople'sbrainpowerC.whytellingliesisamatterofconscienceD.howacultureofhonestybuildsstrongerfriendships（2023北京通州統(tǒng)考一模）Thinkbacktowhenyouwereinaclassroom,maybeamathsclassroomandtheteachersetadifficultproblem.Whichofthetwofollowingresponsesisclosertothewayyoureacted?A:Ohno,thisistoohardforme.I'mnotevengoingtoseriouslytryandworkitout.B:Ah,thisisquitehardbutIliketopushmyself.EvenifIdon'tgettheanswerright,maybeI'lllearnsomethingintheattempt(嘗試).Earlyinhercareer,thepsychologistCarolDweckofStanfordUniversitygaveagroupoften-year-oldsproblemsthatwereslightlytoohardforthem.Onegroupreactedpositively,saidtheylovedchallengeandunderstoodthattheirabilitiescouldbedeveloped.Shesaidtheyhada“growthmindset”andfocusedonwhattheycouldachieveinthefuture.Butanothergroupofchildrenfeltthattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedandtheyhadfailed.Theyhada“fixedmindset”andwereunabletoimagineimproving.Thesestudentsevenlookedforsomeonewhohaddoneworsethanthemtoboost(提升)theirself-esteem(自尊)ProfessorDweckbelievesthatthereisaproblemineducationatthemoment.Foryears,childrenhavebeenpraisedfortheirintelligenceortalent,butthusmakesthemvulnerable(脆弱的)tofailure.Theywanttopleasebygettinghighgrades,buttheyarenotnecessarilyinterestedinleamingforitsownsake(目的).Thesolution,accordingtoDweck,istopraisetheprocessthatchildrenareengaged(忙于)in:makinganeffort,usinglearningstrategies,persevering(堅持)andimprovingThiswaytheywillbecomemastery-oriented(interestedingettingbetteratsomething)andwillachievemoreShethinksthatkeepingworkinghardovertimeisthekeytooutstandingachievement.Psychologistshavebeentestingthesetheories.Studentsweretaughtthatiftheylefttheircomfortzoneandlearnedsomethingnewanddifficult,theneurons(神經(jīng)元)intheirbrainswouldformstrongerconnections,makingthemmoreintelligent.Thesestudentsmadefasterprogressthanacontrolgroup.Inanotherstudy,someunderperformingschoolchildrenwereexposed(接觸)togrowthmindsetskillsforayear.Theresultsweresurprising.Theycametopintests,beatingchildrenfrommuchmorebetterschools.Thesechildrenhadpreviously(以前)feltthatmakinganeffortwasasignofstupidity,buttheycametoseeitasthekeytolearning.So,backtoouroriginalquestion.IfyouansweredB,welldone—youalreadyhaveagrowthmindset.IfA,don'tworry,everyonecanbecomemastery-orientedwithalittleeffortandself-awareness.25.Agrowthmindsetpersonistheonewho__________________.A.focusesonwhathehasachievedatpresentB.faceschallengespositivelytohelphimselfgrowC.looksforsomeonewhodidworsethanhimD.isunwillingtoexperiencewhathedoesn'tknow26.WhatcanwelearnfromProfessorDweck'sstudy?A.Praisingchildrenfortheirintelligencehasapositiveinfluenceonlearning.B.Apersonwithafixedmindsetcaneasilyimprovehimselfinhiscomfortzone.C.Intelligenceortalentisthekeytopeople'soutstandingachievement.D.Guidingstudentstofocusonlearningprocesscanhelpthemachievemore.27.Thewriterwouldagreethat____________________.A.testingstudentsoftencanmakethemmoreintelligentB.keepingworkinghardmakespeoplevulnerabletofailureC.practicinggrowthmindsetskillshelpsstudentsgetimprovementD.stayinginthecomfortzoneisagoodwaytobooststudents'self-esteem28.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toencouragepeopletodevelopagrowthmindset.B.Toexplainascientificexperimentaboutintelligence.C.Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningofachievementis.D.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweengrowthmindsetandfixedmindset.（2023北京門頭溝統(tǒng)考一模）SimpleThingsYouCanDotoGetThroughHardTimesLifeisalongjourney.Sometimesyou'reup,sometimesyou'redown.Butit'sthedifficulttimeswhenweneedalittlemoresupportandguidance.Ibelievehowyourespond(回應(yīng))inyourmomentsoffailuretellswhatkindofpersonyouare.Here'showtomakegettingthroughhardtimeslessdifficult:1.StayPositive(積極的)NowIknowthismaysoundcliché(老生常談),butthethingaboutclichesisthatthey'retypicallytrue.I'mnotsayingthatyoucanneverhaveabadday,orgetalittlediscouraged.ButIamsayingyouhavetofinallypickupthepiecesandstartmovingforward.2.________________WhenIfindmyselfinthemiddleofanuglysituation,IliketoseewhatwentwrongandwhatIcouldhavedonedifferently.IalwaysenduplearningsomethingthathelpsmeandIfinallygetareallyclearpictureofwhatIneedtodotomakesureI'mnotinthesamesituationagain.3.FocusonWhatYouCanControl，NotWhatYouCan'tSomesituationsarebeyondyourcontrolandnomatterwhatyoudo,youcan'tchangeathing.You'resettingyourselfupforfailurewhenyoufocusyourtimeandenergyonthingsyoucan'tcontrol.You'realsomakingthesituationseemevenmorebleak(無望的)thanitactuallyisbecauseyou'refocusingonthebadthings.Youshouldinsteadfocusonthethingsthatarewithinyourcontrolbecausethat'stheonlywayyoucanmakeachangethat'sactuallygoingtohelpyou.4.RealizeYou'veComeaLongWaySometimeswegetsofocusedontheroadaheadthatweneverlookbacktoseewhatwe'vealreadytraveled.You'llbemoreconfidentwhenyourealizethatyou'vemadesomuchprogressandthelightattheendofthetunnelwillgetbrighter.5.BeKindtoYourselfYouneedtocareforyourselftomakeitthroughhardtimes.Takeawalkthroughthepark,liftsomeweights,orreadanamazingbook.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoudo,