湖南省長沙市師大附中2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一次大練習(xí)（月考）英語試題

湖南師大附中2023—2024學(xué)年度高一第一學(xué)期第一次大練習(xí)（月考）英語時量：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillJim’sbirthdaypartybeheld?A.InJuly.B.InAugust.C.InSeptember.2.WhatisJohnnie’sproblem?A.Hequarreledwithhisbrother.B.Nobodylistenstohim.C.Heisinpoorspirits.3.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Paythebill.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Checktheputer.4.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheafternoon.5.Howmuchdoesthechaircost?A.￡80.B.￡72.C.￡10.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydidthemangotoParis?A.Tostudythere.B.Tovisitthere.C.Toworkthere.7.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hiswife.B.Hiscolleague.C.Hismanager.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8Howdidthemanfindthisplace?A.Hereadaboutitinanewspaper.B.Hesawanadpostedonthewindow.C.HeknewaboutitthroughtheInternet.9.Whatisgoodabouttheapartmentaccordingtothewoman?A.Itisveryaffordable.B.Ithasmanyrooms.C.Itisconvenientlylocated.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Homework.B.Alearningmethod.C.Apetition.11.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Asktheirteacherforhelp.B.Enteramathpetition.C.Finishworktogetherwithher.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’sadviceinthebeginning?A.Fun.B.Worried.C.Surprised.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatistheonlyproblemofFitzgerald’snewfilmaccordingtotheman?AItisuninteresting.B.Itlacksmusicalperformances.C.It’sonlyaimedatoneagegroup.14.WhatinstrumentdoesFitzgeraldlikebest?A.Theviolin.B.Thepiano.C.Theguitar.15.WhydomanyimportantpeopledislikeFitzgerald?A.Heexpresseshisviewsdirectly.B.Hedoesn’trespectotherpeople.C.Hechangeshismindquiteoften.16.WhatdoesthemanthinkofFitzgerald’spersonality?A.Warm-hearted.B.Outgoing.C.Attractive.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatticketsarestillavailable?A.TheonesforSpiderandRose.B.TheonesforTheWildDuck.CTheonesforTwelfthNight.18.Whywillthebusleaveat3：30?A.Toavoidmissingtheshows.B.TomakeavisittotheArtsCenter.C.Togetenoughtimeforthelongjourney.19.Whatshouldthelistenerspaytosee?A.TheScottishjewelry.B.TheRussianballetexhibition.C.TheSouthAmericanphotographs.20.Whenshouldthelistenersgetbackonthebus?A.By10：10.B.By10：15.C.By10：20.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AArtActivitiesforTeensArt&DesignLabforTeensFriday,3p.m.——5p.m.Startyourweekendoffwithsomeartandinspiration（靈感）!EachFridayweoffernewgalleryadventures,differentmaterials,andtechniquestofeedyourcreativity.Staythewholetimeorstopbytoconnectwithartistsandothercreativeteens.Forages13——18,noregistration(登記)required.Fee:Free.FiveDayCourseMonday,July17——Friday,July21Thisyear'sTeenageArtSchoolexploreshowartistsreacttoaplace,biningtextandpicturestocreatestatementsaboutlife.ArtistproducerSarahYateswillguideyourexplorationofworkingwithpaint.Thisfreecourseisfor14to17yearolds.Whetherartisjustahobbyorsomethingyouarestudying,TeenageArtSchoolwillhelpyoudevelopyourskillsasanartist.ThereisalsoachancetowinBronzeArtsAward.ChinaintheMakingSaturday,June8,10a.m.——3p.m.Whatcanartmakingmaterialstellusaboutthenaturalworld,globaltrade,socialandculturalframeworks,andartists'ideas?Thisseriesofgalleryconversationsandstudioexperiencesimmerse（浸入)participantsinhandsonexplorationwhileexploringthehistoryofamaterialoncesohighlyvaluedinChinathatitwasknownas"whitegold".Materialsprovided;Preregistrationrequired.Fee：$50（members：$30）.ContemporaryGalleryJuly26——August2,4:00p.m.——5:30p.m.JoinusaswecloseoutourTeenArtistAcademywithanexhibitionandadanceperformance.ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourTeenArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteens,ages1417,learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeonexhibit.Thiseventisfreeandopentothepublic.1.What'sthepurposeof"FiveDayCourse"?A.Toofferyousomeinspirationforpainting.B.Todevelopyourinterestinpainting.C.Tomakesureyougetanaward.D.Toteachyousomeskillsinart.2.WhatisspecialaboutChinaintheMaking?A.Youhavetopayforit.B.Youcanjoininitwithoutregistration.C.Youcantakepartinitatanytime.D.YoucanlearnaboutChineseartsthere.3.Whicheventwillexhibitartworkscreatedbyteenagers?A.FiveDayCourse. B.ContemporaryGallery.C.ChinaintheMaking. D.Art&DesignLabforTeens.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個適合青少年的幾個藝術(shù)課程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FiveDayCourse中“Thisfreecourseisfor14to17yearolds.Whetherartisjustahobbyorsomethingyouarestudying,TeenageArtSchoolwillhelpyoudevelopyourskillsasanartist.(這個免費(fèi)課程是為14到17歲的孩子準(zhǔn)備的。無論藝術(shù)只是一種愛好還是你正在學(xué)習(xí)的東西，青少年藝術(shù)學(xué)校都將幫助你發(fā)展作為一名藝術(shù)家的技能。)”可知，"FiveDayCourse課程的目的是教你一些藝術(shù)技巧。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)ChinaintheMaking中“Fee：$50（members：$30）.”可知，ChinaintheMaking是一個收費(fèi)課程，而其它課程都是免費(fèi)的。由此可知，ChinaintheMaking的特別之處在于其課程是收費(fèi)的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ContemporaryGallery中“ArtworkscreatedbyyouthinourTeenArtistAcademy,a3weeksummercampwhereteens,ages1417,learnedtoplanpublicartworkswillbeonexhibit.(由青少年在我們的青少年藝術(shù)家學(xué)院創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)品將在3周的夏令營中展出，其中1417歲的青少年學(xué)會了如何計劃公共藝術(shù)品。)可知，ContemporaryGallery.會展覽學(xué)生創(chuàng)作的作品。故選B。BLastNovember,akindergartenteacher,RobinHughes,readherclassabookaboutsnow.Thestudentslistenedclosely.ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.Hughesdecidedtocallinafavourtohersister,AmberEstes.“Wouldyoubewillingtoshipasnowmantousifitsnows?”Hughescalled.Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.Afewdayslater,herneighbourhoodgotnearly10inchesofsnow.So,shewalkedoutintothesnowandbuilt“Lucky”,asmallsnowmanwithblueberryeyes,acarrotnose.Afterabout10daysofrefrigerationandplanning,Luckywasonanearly800mileflightfromKentuckytoFlorida.EstesmailedLuckyinaninsulated(絕緣)containerfilledwithicepacks.“IfLuckyarrivedinonepiece,theplanwasforhimtokeephisname,”Estessaid.“Iftheexperimentfailed,hewouldberenamedPuddles(水坑).”Thatnight,Estesstayeduplatetrackingthepackage.OnJanuary19apostaldriverdeliveredthesnowmantotheschool.Hughescuttheboxopenbeforeshepresentedthesnowmantoherstudents.Tohersurprise,Luckyhadarrivedalmostwhole.“Iwassoexcitedbecausehemadeit,”saidHughes.“Allthechildrenwantedtotouchhim.Theyaskedifheisingtolife.”Eversince,atleasttwiceaday,HughessaidshebringsLuckyoutfromthecafeteriafreezersostudentscantouchthesnowmanandaskquestions.CheersandwowsfilltheroomeverytimeLuckyisbroughtin.Whenhiscoatstartstogetshiny,shetakeshimbacktothefreezer.Thisyear,thingsarenotnormalforkidsintheclassroomorforadults,shesaid.“Thislittlesnowmanhascreatedhappiness.”HughesplanstomeltLuckybeforeEarthDayandwillusethewaterwhileplantingagardenattheschool.4.WhatcausedRobinHughestoaskhersistertomailasnowman?A.Somestudentshatedthehotweather.B.Somestudentshadneverseensnow.C.Somestudentsdidnotbelievethesnowmanwasreal.D.Somestudentshadneverdoneascienceexperiment.5.WhydidEsteslaughwhenHughesaskedhertomailasnowmantoherstudents?A.Shewasusedtohersister’sstrangerequests.B.SheknewitwouldneversnowinKentucky.C.Shethoughthersister’sideawouldbringjoytoherstudents.D.Shehadnotseenhersisterinalongtimeandmissedher.6.WhatcanweinferfromEstes’swordsinParagraph3?A.Esteswashappytohelphersister’sstudents.B.Luckywouldprobablyarriveinonepiece.C.Thestudentsdidnotagreeonanameforthesnowman.D.EsteswasunsureifLuckywouldmeltinthemail.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHughesandEstes?A.Humorous. B.Bored. C.Serious. D.Caring.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報道。主要講述了一名幼兒園教師發(fā)現(xiàn)一部分學(xué)生沒有見過真正的雪，于是老師求助自己的姐姐將北方堆的雪人快遞到南方，滿足學(xué)生的愿望，體現(xiàn)了教師濃濃的愛心?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.”（但是休斯注意到一些孩子看起來很困惑，因為只有幾個孩子看到過雪。）可知，部分學(xué)生沒有見過真正的雪。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段“Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.”（埃斯蒂斯一笑置之，表示同意，因為休斯總是和她分享一些不同尋常的想法。）可以推斷，Estes對于妹妹的奇怪的要求已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了，“一笑而過”但還是答應(yīng)了該要求。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“IfLuckyarrivedinonepiece,theplanwasforhimtokeephisname,’Estessaid.‘Iftheexperimentfailed,hewouldberenamedPuddles’.”（“如果Lucky安然無恙地到達(dá)，計劃就是讓它保住自己的名字,”埃斯蒂斯說?！叭绻麑嶒炇?，它將被重新命名為水坑”。）可知，Estes不確信雪人Lucky快遞到南方的途中會不會融化。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ButHughesnoticedthatsomechildrenlookedpuzzledbecauseonlyacoupleofkidshadseensnow.”（學(xué)生們仔細(xì)地聽著。但是休斯注意到一些孩子看起來很困惑，因為只有幾個孩子看到過雪。），第二段“Hughesdecidedtocallinafavourtohersister,AmberEstes.“Wouldyoubewillingtoshipasnowmantousifitsnows?”Hughescalled.Esteslaugheditoffandagreed,asHughesalwayssharedsomeunmonideaswithher.Afewdayslater,herneighbourhoodgotnearly10inchesofsnow.So,shewalkedoutintothesnowandbuilt“Lucky”,asmallsnowmanwithblueberryeyes,acarrotnose.”（Hughes決定找她姐姐AmberEstes幫忙?！叭绻卵┑脑?，你愿意給我們運(yùn)一個雪人嗎?”Hughes打來了。埃斯蒂斯一笑置之，表示同意，因為休斯總是和她分享一些不同尋常的想法。幾天后，她家附近積了將近10英寸厚的雪。于是，她走到雪地里，做了一個“幸運(yùn)兒”，一個長著藍(lán)莓眼睛、胡蘿卜鼻子的小雪人。）和第三段“Afterabout10daysofrefrigerationandplanning,Luckywasonanearly800mileflightfromKentuckytoFlorida.”（經(jīng)過大約10天的冷藏和計劃，Lucky從肯塔基州飛往佛羅里達(dá)州，飛行了近800英里。）可知，為了讓沒見過雪的孩子看雪，主人公Hughes姐妹煞費(fèi)苦心郵寄雪人，說明她們都有著濃濃的愛心。故選D。CPhysicaleducation,orPE,isn’trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn’tofferedforsomedifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.Todaymanypeopledon’tdosports.Butasisknowntoall.doingsportsisveryimportantforanadult.Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.Highschoolisn’tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent’sstudiesandlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity(肥胖).Teensshouldget60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon’tgetteenstomovearound,suchasputergames,meansmanyteensdon’tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasure(措施)toencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’hazardofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.Asmuchas75percentofhealthcarespendinggoestowardtreatingmedicalconditionsthatcanbepreventedbylifestylechanges,accordingtotheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicine.AccordingtothePresident’sCouncilonFitness,SportsandNutrition(PCFSN),studentswhoperformedfivehoursofphysicalactivitieseachweekimprovedtheiracademic(學(xué)業(yè)的)performance.Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.8.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoesphysicaleducationinhighschoolmean?A.Makingteensattachimportanceto?xerciselater.B.Removingthestressfacedbyteensatschool.C.Gettingteenstoencourageadultstoexercise.D.Helpingteenslearntomakegoodplans9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph5mean?A.Happiness. B.Risk. C.Safety. D.Sadness.10.AccordingtothePCFSN,doingsport.A.meansmakingstudentschoosebetweensportsandstudiesB.helpsstudentsmakegooduseofalltheirtimeC.meansstudentsadjusttotheirstudiesbetterD.helpsstudentsdobetterintheirstudies11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyhighschoolstudentsshouldreceivephysicaleducation.B.Whysomeschoolsconsiderphysicaleducationimportant.C.Howschoolscanhelpstudentslovedoingsports.D.Howhighschoolstudentscanliveabetterlife.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Teachingteenstheimportanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensputexerciseinthefirstplaceasanadult.(現(xiàn)在教導(dǎo)青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身計劃，可以幫助青少年成年后，把鍛煉放在首位)”可知，根據(jù)第二段，高中體育教育意味著讓青少年重視以后的鍛煉。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprotectionfromthesehealthproblems.(積極的生活方式是預(yù)防這些健康問題的好方法)”可知，如果不運(yùn)動會增加青少年患多種疾病的風(fēng)險。因此hazard意思是：危險，風(fēng)險。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Studentsfromprogramswithnophysicalactivity,whousedtheextratimeforclassroomstudy,didnotperformbetteronteststhanthosewhogaveupsomestudytimeinsupportofphysicaleducation.（不參加體育活動的學(xué)生，把額外的時間用于課堂學(xué)習(xí)，在考試中的表現(xiàn)并不比那些為了支持體育而放棄一些學(xué)習(xí)時間的學(xué)生好。）”可推斷出，PCFSN認(rèn)為，做運(yùn)動幫助學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上做得更好。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.（但是中學(xué)生應(yīng)該接受體育教育嗎?答案當(dāng)然是肯定的）”是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了為什么高中生應(yīng)該接受體育教育。故選A。DIncontrasttotheoften-heardviewsthatrobotswillreplace(替換)humanworkers,researchfirmGartnerpredictsthatartificialintelligence(AI)mayactuallycreatemorejobsthanit’sexpectedtotakeaway.By2020,artificialintelligencehascreated2.3millionjobs,goingbeyondthe1.8millionthatithasreplaced,thepanysaidinarecentreport.Inthefollowingfiveyearsto2025,net(凈得的)newjobscreatedinrelationtoAIwillreach2million,accordingtothereport.Thenumberofjobsaffectedwillbedifferentfromindustrytoindustry.Thepublicsector,healthcareandeducationareexpectedtogetthemostjobs,whilemanufacturingandtransportationmaybehitthehardest,saidGartner’sresearchdirector,ManjunathBhat.“Robotsarenotheretotakeawayourjobs,they’reheretogiveusapromotion—Ithinkthat’sthewayweshouldstartlookingatAI,”BhattoldreportersonTuesday.Gartner’spositivepredictionscontrastwiththewarningsonthedangersofAIsoundedbytoptechnologyindustryvoicessuchasKai-FuLee,thefounderofventurecapitalfirmSinovationVentures.Hesaidrobotsarelikelytoreplace50per-centofalljobsinthenextdecade.GartneradmittedinitsreportthatAIwouldcutmillionsofmiddle-andlow-levelpositions.Butitstressedthatmorenewjobswouldbecreated,includinghighly-skilledjobs,managementpositionsandevenlow-skilledjobs.“ITleadersshouldnotonlyfocusontheexpectedincreaseofjobs,”thereportsaid.“Forthegreatestvalue,focusonimprovingpeoplewithAI.Enrichpeople’sjobs,reimagineoldtasksandcreatenewindustries.ChangeyourculturetomakeitrapidlyadaptabletoAI-relatedopportunitiesorthreats.”12.WhatdoesGartnerthinkofAI?A.Humanworkerswillbeoutofwork. B.AIwillcreatemorejobsthanitcuts.C.AIwillrunoutofhumancontrol. D.Newindustrieswillreplaceoldones.13.WhowillprobablysufferjoblossaccordingtoGartner?A.Teachers. B.Dentists. C.Busdrivers. D.Socialworkers.14.What’sKai-FuLee’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopment?A.Uncertain. B.Hopeful. C.Worried. D.Confused.15.WhatdoesGartnersuggestITleadersdointhefuture?A.Makeuseofnewindustryopportunities.B.Equippeoplewithtrainingprograms.C.Stopoldbusinessandturntothenewone.D.WeleAIandadapttothechallenge.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Gartner研究公司認(rèn)為，與未來人工智能取代的工作機(jī)會相比，它可能會創(chuàng)造更多的工作機(jī)會?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Incontrasttotheoften-heardviewsthatrobotswillreplace(替換)humanworkers,researchfirmGartnerpredictsthatartificialintelligence(AI)mayactuallycreatemorejobsthanit’sexpectedtotakeaway.(與經(jīng)常聽到的機(jī)器人將取代人類工人的觀點相反，研究公司Gartner預(yù)測，人工智能創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會實際上可能會超過它所可能取代的就業(yè)機(jī)會。)”可知，Gartner認(rèn)為人工智能創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會將多于減少的就業(yè)機(jī)會。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thepublicsector,healthcareandeducationareexpectedtogetthemostjobs,whilemanufacturingandtransportationmaybehitthehardest,saidGartner’sresearchdirector,ManjunathBhat.(Gartner的研究主管ManjunathBhat說，公共部門、醫(yī)療保健和教育預(yù)計將獲得最多的就業(yè)機(jī)會，而制造業(yè)和運(yùn)輸業(yè)可能受到的打擊最大。)”可知，公交車司機(jī)屬于運(yùn)輸業(yè)，可能會失業(yè)。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Gartner’spositivepredictionscontrastwiththewarningsonthedangersofAIsoundedbytoptechnologyindustryvoicessuchasKai-FuLee,thefounderofventurecapitalfirmSinovationVentures.Hesaidrobotsarelikelytoreplace50per-centofalljobsinthenextdecade.(高德納的樂觀預(yù)測與風(fēng)險投資公司創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)投(innovationVentures)創(chuàng)始人李開復(fù)等科技行業(yè)頂級人士對人工智能危險發(fā)出的警告形成鮮明對比。他說，未來十年，機(jī)器人可能會取代50%的工作。)”可知，李開復(fù)對人工智能發(fā)展表示擔(dān)心。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forthegreatestvalue,focusonimprovingpeoplewithAI.Enrichpeople’sjobs,reimagineoldtasksandcreatenewindustries.ChangeyourculturetomakeitrapidlyadaptabletoAI-relatedopportunitiesorthreats.(為了實現(xiàn)最大價值，專注于用人工智能改善人們。豐富人們的工作，重新構(gòu)想舊任務(wù)，創(chuàng)造新產(chǎn)業(yè)。改變你的文化，使其快速適應(yīng)與人工智能相關(guān)的機(jī)會或威脅。)”可知，Gartner建議IT領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在未來歡迎人工智能并適應(yīng)挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoShowRespectWhetheryou’retalkingtoyourbestfriendorastranger,respectingthemshowsthatyou’rekindandconsiderate.Herearesomeeasywaystoshowrespectinyourlife.Listentoothers.Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.___16___Nodyourheadandaskfollowupquestionstostayfocusedintheconversation.Evenifyoudisagree,trytoconsiderthepointofviewbeforeresponding.Confirm(肯定)people’sopinions.Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.Youcanalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“Whatyoujustsaidwasreallycool.___17___”O(jiān)r,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinessofftheground.”Apologizewhenyou’reinthewrong.Itshowsagreatdealofmaturity(成熟).Ifyoumessup,asimple“I’msorry”goesalongway.Trynottomakeexcusesforyourself.___18___Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”___19___Sticktoyourword.Ifyoumit(承諾)toaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.Haveyourmaterialsinorderandpleteallthenecessaryworkaheadoftime.___20___Itcanbetoughatfirst,butit’sbettertobehonest.A.Dowhatyousayyou’lldo.B.Justsaynoifyoucan’tmit.C.Waittotalkinsteadofmerelylistening.D.Icantellyou’vethoughtalotaboutthistopic.E.Watchandbequietwhensomeoneelseistalking.F.Excusesareuselessifyouwanttocorrectyourmistakes.G.Itmightalsobehelpfultohaveaplantoavoidsuchmistakesagain.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。無論你是和你最好的朋友還是陌生人說話，尊重他們都能顯示出你的善良和體貼。文章介紹了一些在生活中表達(dá)尊重的簡單方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practiceactivelisteningtoshowyourespectothers.(練習(xí)積極傾聽，表現(xiàn)出你對他人的尊重)”以及后文“Nodyourheadandaskfollowupquestionstostayfocusedintheconversation.(點頭并問一些后續(xù)問題以保持談話的專注)”可知，上文提到了積極傾聽，可知本句是在承接上文說明如何積極傾聽和尊重他人，故E選項“當(dāng)別人說話時，注意觀察并保持安靜”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’retalkingtosomeone,confirmtheiropinionsinyourownwords.Youcanalsomentiontheirachievementstoletthemknowyouseehowhardthey’veworked.Youcouldsaysomethinglike,“Whatyoujustsaidwasreallycool.(當(dāng)你和別人說話的時候，用你自己的話來證實他們的觀點。你也可以提到他們的成就，讓他們知道你看到了他們的努力。你可以這樣說，“你剛才說的真的很酷)”以及后文“Or,“Icantellyou’veworkedsuperhardtogetyourbusinessofftheground.”(或者，“我看得出來，你非常努力地讓你的生意起步。”)”可知，本句是對上文舉例的補(bǔ)充，即說話來證實對方的努力。故D選項“我知道你對這個話題想了很多”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifyouforgotadeadline,youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorry.I’llbesettingreminderssothisdoesn’thappenagain.”(例如，如果你忘記了截止日期，你可以說：“我真的很抱歉。我會設(shè)置提醒，這樣就不會再發(fā)生這種事了?！?”可知，后文的例子表明可以通過采取措施來避免犯錯。故G選項“制定一個計劃來避免類似的錯誤也會有所幫助”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Sticktoyourword.Ifyoumit(承諾)toaneventormakeplanswithsomeone,ethroughonyourendofthedeal.Beingreliableshowsrespectforpeople’stime.Haveyourmaterialsinorderandpleteallthenecessaryworkaheadoftime.(遵守你的諾言。如果你承諾了一件事或和某人有計劃，那就完成你的交易?？煽渴菍λ藭r間的尊重。把你的材料整理好，提前完成所有必要的工作)”可知，本段的主旨主要是遵守承諾，即說到做到。故A選項“說到做到”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itcanbetoughatfirst,butit’sbettertobehonest.(一開始可能會很艱難，但最好是誠實)”可知，后文提到了一開始很艱難，說明本句是在說明導(dǎo)致艱難的情況。故B選項“如果你不能承諾，就說不”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Weliveinaworldincreasinglycontrolledbyscience.Sinceelementaryschool,Ihavealways____21____subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand____22____,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities(人文學(xué)科).AndIalways____23____thoughtofthesesubjectsasmorereliableandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright____24____,Ithought,whybother?ButrecentlyIhadan____25____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學(xué))class.BeforeIenteredtheclassroom,Iwas____26____.Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.I____27____gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite____28____.Ayoungmaninjeans,Mr.Jones“butyoucancallmeRob”wasfarfromthewhite-haired,buttoned-upoldmanIhad____29____.Ratherthanpullingusintoboringargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints,Rob_____30_____usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.Totalkmorals(道德),wereviewedthe_____31_____wehadmade.Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost_____32_____ones.It_____33_____methatifIletgoofmyprejudice(偏見),IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIonce_____34_____.Theclasstaughtme—inmorewaysthanone—tolookatthingswitha(n)_____35_____mind.21.A.chosen B.evaluated C.preferred D.avoided22.A.numbers B.puzzles C.challenges D.advances23.A.naturally B.hardly C.accurately D.impatiently24.A.reason B.answer C.method D.direction25.A.idea B.experience C.incident D.accident26.A.hopeful B.confident C.doubtful D.nervous27.A.tried B.remembered C.enjoyed D.imagined28.A.unique B.mon C.different D.strange29.A.mentioned B.expected C.met D.missed30.A.municatedwith B.agreedwith C.checkedon D.dependedon31.A.suggestions B.arrangements C.choices D.promises32.A.difficult B.effective C.discouraging D.attractive33.A.confused B.hit C.warned D.worried34.A.didwellin B.lookedforwardto C.spokehighlyof D.thoughtlittleof35.A.open B.strong C.sharp D.ready【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.D28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者本來并不喜歡人文學(xué)科，但是一次哲學(xué)課卻改變了作者的想法?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從小學(xué)開始，我就一直喜歡科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的科目。A.chosen選擇；B.evaluated評價；C.preferred更喜歡；D.avoided避免。根據(jù)下文“Tome,thesesubjects,fullofdiscoveriesand____2____,seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities(人文學(xué)科).”可知，作者從小就更喜歡科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我看來，這些充滿發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)步的學(xué)科，似乎比人文學(xué)科在人類進(jìn)步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。A.numbers數(shù)字；B.puzzles謎團(tuán)；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.advances進(jìn)步。根據(jù)下文“seemtoplaymoreimportantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities”可知，作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)學(xué)科充滿了發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)步，所以在人類進(jìn)步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是很自然地認(rèn)為這些科目比英語之類的課程更可靠、更嚴(yán)肅。A.naturally自然而然地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.accurately準(zhǔn)確地；D.impatiently不耐煩地。根據(jù)空前的“always”以及上下文內(nèi)容可知，作者總認(rèn)為科學(xué)學(xué)科更可靠，更嚴(yán)肅。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有正確答案，我想，為什么還要麻煩呢？A.reason理由；B.answer答案；C.method方法；D.direction方向?？仗帪樵~重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)下文“Bytheendofclass,I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost____12____ones.”可知，作者認(rèn)為人文學(xué)科沒有正確的答案。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最近有一件事告訴我，我對學(xué)習(xí)的興趣比我想象的要靈活得多：我第一次上哲學(xué)課。A.idea想法；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.incident事件；D.accident事故。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，下文講述的是作者最近上哲學(xué)課的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我走進(jìn)教室之前，我很懷疑。A.hopeful有希望的；B.confident自信的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)下文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.I____7____gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”可知，下文講述的是作者在進(jìn)教室之前的疑慮。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想象著進(jìn)行冗長而無聊的對話，旨在反思生命的意義。A.tried嘗試；B.remembered記住；C.enjoyed享受；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)上文“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.”以及空后“gettingintoprettylongandboringconversationsintendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife”可知，空后內(nèi)容都是作者想出來的場景。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我得到的卻是完全不同的東西。A.unique獨特的；B.mon常見的；C.different不同的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“ButrecentlyIhadan____5____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學(xué))class.”可知，作者實際體驗的哲學(xué)課和想象中的是不一樣的。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Jones是一個穿著牛仔褲的年輕人——“但你可以叫我Rob”——他遠(yuǎn)不是我想象中的那個白發(fā)、衣冠楚楚的老人。A.mentioned提及；B.expected期待；C.met遇到；D.missed錯過。根據(jù)上文“ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite____8____.”以及“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.”可知，哲學(xué)老師和作者本以為的樣子不一樣。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Rob沒有把我們拉進(jìn)關(guān)于難以理解的哲學(xué)觀點的無聊爭論中，而是在我們的層面上與我們交流。A.municatedwith與……交流；B.agreedwith同意；C.checkedon檢查；D.dependedon依賴。根據(jù)下文“Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.”可知，空處指的是Rob和“我們”進(jìn)行交流。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了談?wù)摰赖?，我們回顧了我們所做的選擇。A.suggestions建議；B.arrangements安排；C.choices選擇；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)上文“Totalkfreewill,welookedatourownchallenges.”可知，這位哲學(xué)老師是用實例談?wù)撜軐W(xué)，由此可推斷，作者他們是通過反省曾經(jīng)做的選擇來談?wù)摰赖隆９蔬xC?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在課程結(jié)束時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有正確答案的問題反而是最吸引人的問題。A.difficult困難的；B.effective有效的；C.discouraging令人沮喪的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根據(jù)上文“ButrecentlyIhadan____5____thattaughtmemyinterestsinlearningaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophy(哲學(xué))class.”可推斷，這次哲學(xué)課改變了作者的想法，也就是說，作者覺得沒有正確答案的問題也是有吸引力的。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：A.我突然意識到，如果我放下偏見，我實際上可以從我曾經(jīng)輕視的科目中得到很多東西。confuse