高考英語完形填空解題技巧講解解析

WelcometoMyClassClozeTest完形填空的解題技巧高考英語完形填空趨勢從近幾年高考的完形填空來看，考核學(xué)生語法方面的知識已經(jīng)很少了，而是從上下文邏輯、詞義辨析、慣用搭配及基本常識等方面來測試學(xué)生詞匯的掌握及運用。而且有些詞的選擇，必須在理解整篇文章的基礎(chǔ)上，才能作出正確的判斷。

（一）完形填空題的題型特點1.首句完整

“完形填空”所選短文一般無標(biāo)題，但首句通常不設(shè)空，目的是讓考生迅速進(jìn)入主題，熟悉語言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。2.語境選擇近幾年的高考完形填空題主要考查考生對上下文的理解，要求考生通過語境來作出選擇?！罢Z境能力型”試題具有相當(dāng)難度，因為完形填空所給的四個選項往往在語法方面都能成立，錯誤選項多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某種搭配，極具干擾和迷惑作用。做完形填空題，需要我們立足語篇環(huán)境，樹立全局觀念，瞻前顧后，連貫思維，從語境角度來選擇答案。3.動名為主完形填空所給的選項一般是同一詞類，或?qū)偻环懂?。測試點往往集中于某些詞類。高考完形填空題考查動詞（5—8個）、名詞（4—6個）、然后是形容詞，副詞等。而介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞則相對考得較少。這是因為現(xiàn)在的完形填空主要考察語境，而在通常情況下只有實詞才能較好地體現(xiàn)語境。4.難處暗示難選之處前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面，也就是說前面的填空從當(dāng)時的情況來看，或是線索不清，或是語境不明，無法填出，但只要我們繼續(xù)往下讀，我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)此空在后面的某個地方有暗示。5.選材近幾年來的高考完型填空題材多為具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文或具有一定哲理和教育意義，夾敘夾議，以敘為主的議論文。短文內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，邏輯性強，層次分明。

（三）完型填空題實用解題技巧

實用技巧一：尋找關(guān)鍵信息詞來選擇答案

例：NormanCousinswasabusinessmanfromtheUnitedStateswhooftentraveledaroundtheworldonbusiness.Heenjoyedhis__1__andtraveling.1.A.timeB.holidayC.sleepD.workD接著讀下文：

Then,afterreturningtotheUnitedStatesfroma_2___triptotheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublic(USSR),Mr.Cousinsgotsick.Becausehehadpushedhisbodytothelimitofitsstrengthonthetrip,achangebegantotakeplace__3___him.Thematerialbetweenhisbonesbecameweak.A.boringB.tiringC.dangerous D.pleasantA.fromB.around

C.inside D.besideBC實用技巧二：根據(jù)詞的固定搭配和句型來選擇答案

英語語言結(jié)構(gòu)包含著大量的固定搭配、習(xí)慣用語以及各種句型結(jié)構(gòu)等。詞的固定搭配，特別是動詞的搭配題是完形填空測試的重點。這種情況命題方式常見的有兩種：一是將固定搭配中的某個詞刪去，二是在原來的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)中插入較長的文字結(jié)構(gòu)，造成搭配關(guān)系的松散現(xiàn)象。如：

Aperson’sfeelingdepends,accordingtoDr.Green,___theclimate.

Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto_1__theNobelprize，whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat__2__tothecausesofpeace，literature，andthesciences.1.A.establish

B.form

C.develop

D.promote2.A.additions

B.sacrifices

C.changes

D.contributions

實用技巧三：

背景知識或生活常識

1.

Butweransomuchthatwehadtrouble______.

A.speaking

B.moving

C.sleeping

D.breathing

Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme，Iwastotally____，andmyfacewentred.

A.embarrassed

B.annoyed

C.unsatisfied

D.excited.例：PagodaStreetisastreetlikemanyothers–notveryclean,notverywide,___1____wideenoughfortwobusestopass.Butitisa__2___streetallthesame,particularlyduringtherushhour.1.A.also B.evenC.and D.only2.A.famousB.usefulC.busyD.freeDC

實用技巧四：通過上下文語境來選擇答案

Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors.Doorsmanyhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadto___differences.

A.national

B.embarrassing

C.cultural

D.amazing實用技巧五：利用語法分析，搞定語法題目完形填空中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些復(fù)雜的句式，給做題帶來一些困難。雖然語法不再是考查的重點，而且一再被淡化，但偶爾還有語法分析題出現(xiàn)In

one

of

the

darkest

times

__2__

his

strong-minded

grandfather

was

nearlypenniless,

he

loaded

his

family

into

the

car

and

took

them

to

see

family

members

in

Canada

with

a

belief“there

are

more

important

things

in

life

than

money”.

2.A.when

B.while

C.how

D.why

一顯身手

BACCD,DBADD,CABBD,ACBAD完形填空

OnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetsto

36

andthesubwaysystemalmostcametoastop.Unfortunately,thishappenedduringthemorningrushhour.Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwere

37

togohome.Somebattledto

38

ataxiortogetonabus.Stillothersfacedthe

39

bravely,walkingmilestogettowork.I

40

tobeoneofpeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylineonlytofindthatmost41

hadstopped.Aftermakingmyway42crowdsofpeople,36.A.break B.flood C.sink D.crash37.A.forced B.refused C.adjusted D.gathered38.A.order B.pay C.call D.search39.A.climate B.scenery C.storm D.burden40.A.used B.promised C.deserved D.happened41.A.practice B.routine C.process D.service42.A.to B.through C.over D.forIfinallyfoundasubwaylinethatwas43.Unfortunately,thereweresomanypeoplewaitingto44thesubwaythatIcouldnotevengetdownthestairstothe45.SoItookthetraingoingintheoppositedirection,andthenswitchbacktothedowntowntrain.Finally,afterwhatseemedlikeanforever,thetrain46mystop.ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.WhenIfinallygottomyoffice,Iwas47through,exhaustedand48.Myco-workersandIspentmostofthedaydryingoff.Whenitwas5:00pm，Iwasreadytogohome.Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer49IreceivedanemailfromGarth,myDirector:43.A.operating B.cycling C.turning D.rushing44.A.check B.carry C.find D.board45.A.street B.ground C.floor D.platform46.A.paused B.crossed C.reached D.parked47.A.wet B.weak C.sick D.hurt48.A.ashamed B.discouragedC.surprised D.puzzled49.A.while B.when C.where D.after

Iwouldliketothankallofyouwhomadetheeffortand50reportedtowork.Itisalwaysreassuring(令人欣慰),attimeslikethese,whenemployeessoclearlyshowtheir51totheirjobs.Thankyou.Garth’semailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.Theemailtaughtmethatafewwordsof53canmakeabigdifference.Therainstormandthetraffic54hadmademetiedandupset.ButGarth’swordsimmediately55meandputasmilebackonmyface.50.A.hardly B.casuallyC.absolutelyD.eventually51.A.devotionB.donationC.connectionD.reaction52.A.accurateB.urgentC.brief D.humorous53.A.promiseB.appreciationC.advice D.guidance54.A.troublesB.signals C.rules D.signs55.A.correctedB.supportedC.amazedD.refreshedPracticemakesperfect.BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglish,notChinese,thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree,myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpushedthem37.MymombelievedIwouldlearn38Iwasready.Butthe39nevercame.36.A.customB.gamesC.characters

D.language37.A.ahead

B.around

C.along

D.aside38.A.when

B.before

C.unless

D.until39.A.success

B.study

C.time

D.attemptOnaChineseNewYear’sEve,myunclespoketomeinChinese,butallIcoulddowas40athim,confused,scratchingmyhead.“Stillcan’tspeakChinese?”He41me,“Youcan’tevenbuyafishinChinatown.”40.A.aim

B.joke

C.nod

D.stare41.A.caredabout

B.laughedat

C.arguedwith

D.askedafter“Hey,thisisAmerica,notChina.I’llgetsome42withorwithoutChinese.”Irepliedandturnedtomymomfor43.“Remembertoaskforfreshfish,XinXianYu,”shesaid,handingovera$20bill.I44thewords,runningdownstairsintothestreetsofChinatown.42.A.rightnow

B.fromnow

C.attimes

D.intime43.A.decision

B.permission

C.information

D.preparation44.A.repeated

B.reviewed

C.spelled

D.keptIfoundthefish45surroundedinaseaofcustomers.“I’dliketobuysomefreshfish,”Ishoutedtothefishman.Buthe46myEnglishwordsandturnedtoservethenextcustomer.Thelaughofthepeoplebehindincreased47theirimpatience.45.A.farm

B.stand

C.pond

D.market46.A.guessed

B.forget

C.doubted

D.ignored47.A.byB.as

C.with

D.fromas+句子；with+短語Withevery48,thebreathofthedragons(龍)onmybackgrewstronger—mybloodboiling—49metocryout.“XianShengYu,please.”“VeryXianSheng

,”Irepeated.Thecrowdburstintolaughter.48.A.second

B.effort

C.desire

D.movement49.A.forcing

B.allowing

C.persuading

D.leading秒努力欲望動作隨著每一…迫使允許說服引導(dǎo)Myfaceturned50andIranbackhome51,exceptforthe$20billIheldtightlyinmypocket.ShouldIlaughorcry?They’reChinese.Ishouldfeelrightat52.Instead,Iwasthejoke.5