人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè) 暑假基礎(chǔ)鞏固復(fù)習(xí)四

八年級(jí)下基礎(chǔ)鞏固復(fù)習(xí)四詞匯講解（八年級(jí)下U8-10）名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞/副詞treasure寶藏hurry匆忙forever永遠(yuǎn)page頁(yè)belong屬于abroad海外的ship船record記錄southern南方的tool工具introduce介紹modern現(xiàn)代的mark記號(hào)invent發(fā)明unbelievable難以置信的sand沙子encourage鼓勵(lì)rapid快速的land大陸collect收集unusual不尋常的fiction小說(shuō)fear害怕social社會(huì)的technology科技check檢查peaceful和平的rock巖石；搖滾board甲板perfect完美的success成功own擁有safe安全的line線；行apart離開simply簡(jiǎn)易地camera相機(jī)search搜尋mostly大部分progress進(jìn)步regard認(rèn)為sweet甜的theme主題consider仔細(xì)考慮soft柔軟的fox狐貍hold抓住clear清晰的yard院子count數(shù)數(shù)honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的memory記憶truthful真實(shí)的scarf圍巾whether是否especially尤其，特別是shame羞愧nowadays現(xiàn)在opposite對(duì)面的century世紀(jì)while一會(huì)bear熊among在...期間【短語(yǔ)集結(jié)】hurryup趕快befullof充滿eversince自從oneanother另一個(gè)acoupleof幾個(gè)thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...一方面...另一方面checkout察看clearout清理nolonger不再asfor至于tobehonest說(shuō)實(shí)在的regard...as把...看作是accordingto根據(jù)closeto幾乎，接近【同步練習(xí)】Iheardyoulostyourkey.我聽說(shuō)你丟鑰匙了。Shecametorealizehowmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.

她開始意識(shí)到，事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們所有的人。It'sunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway.

科技以如此速猛的方式發(fā)展真是令人難以置信??！ItisbesttovisitSingapore.最好游覽新加坡。Amyhashadherfavoritebookforthreeyears.

艾米擁有她最喜歡的書3年了。Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,buttobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.

至于我，我不想放棄我的足球衣，但是，說(shuō)實(shí)在的，我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間沒有踢球了。語(yǔ)法知識(shí)——現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能還會(huì)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1、由“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，主要有兩個(gè)含義：①表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，有時(shí)無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)和一些表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：manytimes，just，yet，ever，never，already，before，sofar,bynow等連用。②表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且句中常帶有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：since+

時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句，fortwomonths,sofar等。2、句型：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句（have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他）3、常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes.already“已經(jīng)”;yet“仍然,

還”,

這兩個(gè)副詞常常用于完成時(shí)態(tài),

其中already常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑問句中。如:Jimhasalreadyfinishedhiswork.Jim已經(jīng)把他的工作做完了。Motherhasn’tcomehomeyet.

媽媽還沒回來(lái)。4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián)的過(guò)去事件；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則與現(xiàn)在毫無(wú)關(guān)系，只是單純的過(guò)去的情況。比較：Ihavelostmypen,soIhavetobuyone.我丟了鋼筆，所以得去買一枝。

Ilostmypen,butfounditlater.

我丟了鋼筆，但后來(lái)找到了。當(dāng)句子中有表示明確過(guò)去的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：他一周以前動(dòng)身去了紐約。誤：HehasleftforNewYorkaweekago.

正：HeleftforNewYorkaweekago.當(dāng)句首為疑問詞when時(shí)，其后可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示經(jīng)歷的用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用havebeento,ever,never等表示經(jīng)歷。1.have/hasbeento表示去過(guò)某地，可以與never,ever,just,once等連用。

如：Mr.SmithhaseverbeentoChinathreetimes.2.ever用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句中，放在過(guò)去分詞之前主語(yǔ)之后。如：HaveyouevervisitedthePalaceMuseum?3.never表否定：用在助動(dòng)詞have/has后，過(guò)去分詞前，否定回答也可用neither。Eg：Ihaveneverbeento

Wuli--Meneither.二：have/hasbeento與have/hasgoneto的用法區(qū)別havebeento意為“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，后可接次數(shù)，如once/twice/threetimes等，表示“去過(guò)某地幾次”，也可和just/never/ever等連用。如：MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice．我父親去過(guò)北京兩次。

IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall．我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。havegoneto意為“到某地去了”，說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一人稱、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語(yǔ)。如：

—WhereisJim？—HehasgonetoEngland．—他去英國(guó)了。（尚未回來(lái)）

MrWangisn'there，HehasgonetoQingdao.注意區(qū)別：HewenttoAnkanglastweek（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）

上周他（做了一件事，那就是）去了安康HehasbeentoAnkang（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

他去了安康

他曾經(jīng)到過(guò)安康（他現(xiàn)在回來(lái)了，人不在安康了）HehasgonetoAnkang（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

他去了安康（也許剛出發(fā)，也許已經(jīng)在安康，反正人現(xiàn)在不在這里）HehasbeeninAnkangfor10

years（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

他呆在安康已經(jīng)十年了（現(xiàn)在還在安康呆著呢）三、?？季湫同F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+for+一段時(shí)間

Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears.我們認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)

Hehasworkedheresince1999.自1999年以來(lái)，他就在這里工作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+從句

Shehaslearnedabout5000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.自上大學(xué)以來(lái)她學(xué)了大約5000個(gè)單詞?！菊Z(yǔ)法練習(xí)】選擇題Meltingice(融冰)cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels_____ataspeedof3.2cmevery10years.rose

B.haverisen

C.rise—Itstenyearssincewecamehere—Howtimeflies!We_____inChinaforsolong.work

B.worked

C.haveworkedHaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?worked

B.wasworkingC.haveworkedIatesomefruit,whichI______sinceIwasachild,andthevegetablesfrommygarden.haveenjoyed

B.enjoyedC.hadenjoyedWhereisMr.Green?He_____thebookshop.Youhavetowaitforhim.wasgoingto

B.hasgoneto

C.hasbeentoMyfather____inapandaprotectioncenterfor10years,soheknowsalotaboutpanda.

A.wasworking

B.isworking

C.hasworked用since和for填空

HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.

I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.

OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.

Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.

5.It’sabouttenyears_______sheleftthecity.

三、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.I_______already_______(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2.--_____he____(finish)hisworktoday?

--Notyet.3.Myfather_______just_______(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.--Where’sLiMing?--He_______(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I_______(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.期末真題詞語(yǔ)填空通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意,然后從各題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。（共10小題，計(jì)10分）Inthemodernworld,livingwithoutmoneysoundsimpossible.However,anAustraliancouplehavecomeupwithnewwaysofmakingitthroughtheyears31spendinganymoney.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutthequestion:howtolivewithoutmoneyforseveralyears?Let’shavealookathowtheymadeit.Afterthey32todothat,theybuiltthemselvesanewhousewhichwasmadeofusedwood.Atfirst,noneoftheirfriendsknewwheretheylived,so33guestsvisitedthemindailylife.Theycollectedcoldrainwatertotakeashowerandraisedfiveduckstoprovidethemwithfresh34.Theygrewsomefruitsandvegetablesaswell,andsometimesevenlookedforfoodonthe35.Somepeoplewereafraidthatthefoodonthestreetswouldmakethem36.Infact,theywereinexcellentcondition.Althoughtheyhadnojobs,theydidn’thavealotoftimetowaste.Theyspentmostofthedayworkingfortheirneighbors37theycouldgettheirnextmeal.Noteveryoneisbraveenoughtodothis,buttheyreallymadeitworkandtheyfelthappy.Oneday,someone38theirstoryontotheInternetandthenmoreandmorepeopleknew31.A.with B.without C.on32.A.dreamed B.stuck C.decided33.A.some B.any C.few34.A.eggs B.gold C.milk35.A.desert B.streets C.ships36.A.ill B.healthy C.strong37.A.assoonas B.while C.sothat38.A.sent B.sang C.heard39.A.him B.them C.her40.A.money B.ahouse C.guests閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anythingispossiblewhenyouhavetherightpeopletheretohelpyou．56．_______storyofGuanZhongandBaoShuyaisagoodexampleoftruefriendship．GuanZhongandBaoShuyawerebest57．_______（friend）．Guancamefromapoorfamily．WhenheandBaodidbusiness（生意）together，Guanputlessmoneyintothebusinessbuttook58．_______