話題24 重大政治、歷史事件文化淵源 2025年高考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

話題24重大政治、歷史事件，文化淵源2025年高考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)目錄話題詞匯梳理壹核心詞匯突破貳教材句型遷移叁續(xù)寫提分素材伍話題語篇拓展肆話題與教材教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)人教必修二U4；外研選必三U3；譯林選必三U3核心詞匯突破

amount，charge，defence，evidence，puzzle，sense教材句型遷移

①nosooner...than...②not...until...③where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句④because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句⑤since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句TeachingGuide話題詞匯梳理壹1.amountn.

2.

n.祖宗,祖先

3.campaignn.

4.

n.(英國(guó)的)郡,(美國(guó)的)縣5.ensurevt.

6.issuen.___________________________________________vt.___________________7.

adj.軍事的,軍隊(duì)的n.(一國(guó)的)軍隊(duì),武裝力量

8.portn.

9.pubn.

10.snackn.點(diǎn)心,小吃vi.

金額;數(shù)量,數(shù)額ancestor運(yùn)動(dòng),(宣傳)活動(dòng);戰(zhàn)役county保證,確保,擔(dān)保重要議題,爭(zhēng)論的問題;(有關(guān)某事的)問題,困擾;一期,期號(hào)military港,港口;港口城市宣布,公布酒吧,酒館吃點(diǎn)心,吃零食11.breakout

12.join...to...

13.liveon

14.serveas...

15.achievementn.成就,成績(jī);達(dá)到,完成

vt.(憑長(zhǎng)期努力)達(dá)到(某目標(biāo)、地位、標(biāo)準(zhǔn));完成vi.成功拓展

成就感

16.ancientadj.

反

adj.當(dāng)代的,現(xiàn)代的

17.battlen.

v.搏斗,奮斗,斗爭(zhēng)搭配battlefor...

18.

n.鏈條;一連串(人或事),一系列;連鎖商店(或旅館)

拓展__________________

_____________________連鎖超市achieve→asenseofachievement古代的;古老的,很老的modern戰(zhàn)斗,搏斗;斗爭(zhēng);奮斗為……而斗爭(zhēng)chainachainofsupermarkets/asupermarketchain繼續(xù)活著,繼續(xù)存在擔(dān)任……;可用作……突然開始,爆發(fā)把……和……連接起來19.chargen.收費(fèi);控告;主管vt.

v.收費(fèi),要價(jià)搭配incharge(ofsth.)

20.chiefadj.最重要的;最高級(jí)別的,首席的n.

拓展ChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO)__________________________

21.crowdn.人群;一伙人vt.

adj.擁擠的;擠滿的

22.currentadj.當(dāng)前的,現(xiàn)在的;流通的n.(海洋或江河的)水流;電流;思潮

adv.當(dāng)前,目前

n.通貨,貨幣;通用,流行

23.defencen.防御,保衛(wèi)

v.防御;防守vt.辯解

adj.防御的;戒備的

24.electionn.

vt.選舉,推選;選擇,決定(做某事)

25.evidencen.證據(jù),證明

adj.明顯的(公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的)首領(lǐng);酋長(zhǎng)→→→→(大公司的)總裁﹐首席執(zhí)行官擠滿,使……擁擠;涌上(心頭),涌入(腦海)crowdedcurrentlycurrencydefenddefensive選舉;當(dāng)選elect→控吿;充電;指責(zé)掌管,負(fù)責(zé)evident→26.greetvt.

n.問候,招呼,迎接,致意

27.legaladj.

adv.合法地;法律上

反

adj.不合法的,違法的,非法的

adv.非法地

28.meansn.方式,方法,途徑;[pl.]錢,收入

拓展bymeansof

bynomeans

29.positionn.位置;姿態(tài);職位;處境,狀況;觀點(diǎn),態(tài)度;地位搭配inposition

30.puzzlen.謎,智力游戲;疑問vt.迷惑,使困惑

puzzlingadj.

puzzledadj.

搭配puzzleover/about

31.raten.

v.評(píng)價(jià)vt.劃分等級(jí);看好,認(rèn)為……是好的搭配atarateof...→問候,迎接,招呼→greeting法律的;法律允許的,合法的legallyillegalillegally依靠……方法,借助……手段就位決不,一點(diǎn)也不→令人迷惑的困惑的,迷惑不解的苦苦思索,仔細(xì)琢磨速度;比率;價(jià)格以……的速度32.

vt.意識(shí)到,感覺到n.感覺官能;感覺,意識(shí);理解力,判斷力;意義

n.(探測(cè)光、熱、壓力等的)傳感器sensoryadj.感覺的,感官的

→sensesensor核心詞匯突破貳(1)我們得到了人們的大力幫助。We’vehad_________________________helpfrompeople.(2)她的情況得到了無數(shù)民眾的同情。Hercasehasattracted_________________________________publicsympathy.(3)Hisearningsaresaidtoamount______￡300

000perannum.1.amountn.金額；數(shù)量 ·theamountof...……的數(shù)量“大量/少量的”表達(dá):

alarge/smallamount

of+n.[U]+v.(單數(shù))

large/smallamountsof+n.[U]+v.(復(fù)數(shù))·amountto

共計(jì)，總計(jì)；等于，相當(dāng)于

toanenormousamountofanenormousamountof(1)斯特恩讓特拉維斯負(fù)責(zé)研究小組。SternputTravis_____________________theresearchteam.(2)這家餐廳收我們40英鎊的酒水錢。Therestaurant______________________________.(3)去年，他在父親去世后掌管了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。He____________________thefarmafterhisfather’sdeathlastyear.2.charge

vt.&vi.收費(fèi)；控訴；充電n.費(fèi)用；指控；主管 ·chargesb.with(doing)sth.=accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控某人犯……罪chargesb.moneyforsth.因某事/物收某人錢chargeat向……發(fā)起沖鋒，撲向·freeofcharge=forfree免費(fèi)inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))takechargeof掌管(表動(dòng)作)inthechargeof被……掌管；由……負(fù)責(zé)inchargeof

chargedus￡40forthewinetookchargeof(1)瓊寫了封信到報(bào)社為安杰拉（Angela）辯護(hù)。Jeanwrotealettertothepaper________________________.(2)我們要防御軍事侵略。________________________________militaryaggression.(3)Studentsshouldbereadytoexplainand______________(defence)theirviews.3.defencen.防御；保衛(wèi)·indefence(of)保護(hù)；為了保衛(wèi)；(為……)辯護(hù)·inone’sdefence為某人辯護(hù)※defend·defend...against/from(doing...)保護(hù)……免受……·defendoneself自衛(wèi)；為自己辯護(hù)

inAngela’sdefenseWeneedtodefendagainstdefend(1)很明顯﹐公司陷入了財(cái)務(wù)困境。________________________thatthecompanywasinfinancialdifficulties.(2)越來越多的證據(jù)表明，講兩種語言的兒童不僅在外語學(xué)習(xí)上，同時(shí)在其他各門學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)上都表現(xiàn)得更好。__________________________bilingualchildrenperformbetteracrossarangeofschoolsubjects,notjustforeignlanguages.(3)Herefusedtogive____________(evident)atthetrial.3.evidencen.證據(jù)；證明·Thereisevidencethat...有證據(jù)表明……·Itisevidentthat...很明顯……

ItwasclearlyevidentThereisevidencethat

evidence(1)約翰似乎不明白那問題是什么意思。

Johnseemed_________________________________.(2)她滿臉困惑的表情。She___________________onherface.(3)Scientistsare_________(puzzle)astowhythewhalehadswumtotheshore.4.puzzlen.謎；智力游戲；疑問

vt.迷惑；使困惑·apuzzletosb.

一件讓某人感到困惑的事情※puzzlingadj.令人困惑的※puzzledadj.感到困惑的 ·bepuzzledat/about

對(duì)……迷惑不解

apuzzzledlook/expression

一臉迷惑

puzzledhadapuzzledlookpuzzledaboutwhatthequestionmeant(1)這封信是什么意思，我弄不明白。Ican’t____________________thisletter.(2)該組織試圖通過這些社會(huì)活動(dòng)來培養(yǎng)一種歸屬感。Theorganizationtriestofoster____________________throughthesesocialevents.5.sense

v.意識(shí)到，察覺到n.感官·makesenseof弄懂……的意思;理解makenosense沒道理;沒意義inasense從某種意義上說innosense決不(位于句首時(shí)要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))commonsense常識(shí)asenseofbelonging/humour/direction/duty歸屬感/幽默感/方向感/責(zé)任感There’sno/littlesense(in)doingsth.做某事沒道理/沒意義makesenseofasenseofbelonging教材句型遷移叁①nosooner...than...nosooner...than...引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句通常用過去完成時(shí)，從句通常用一般過去時(shí)。nosooner位于句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝，而than引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝。有類似用法的還有hardly...when....常見的表示“……就……”的句式還有:assoonas...;themoment/minute/instant;immediately/instantly/directly;on/upon+n./v.-ing...(1)她剛一說完，淚水便奪眶而出。___________________________________thansheburstintotears.(2)我們剛在桌子旁坐下，電話鈴就響了。Nosoonerhadwesatdownatthetable______________________________.(3)她剛進(jìn)浴室，前門的門鈴就響了。_________________________________________thanthefrontdoorbellrang.(4)這個(gè)消息剛泄露出去﹐我的電話就響了起來。_____________________________________thanmytelephonestartedringing.NosoonerhadshesaiditthanthephonerangNosoonerhadshegotinthebathNosoonerhadthenewsleakedout②not...until...⑴直到他來了之后，我們才考慮這個(gè)問題。_________________________________________⑵直到失去了健康，才知道健康的可貴。____________________________________________⑶You’renotgoingoutuntilyou’vefinishedyourhomework._________________________not...until...意為“直到……才……”，此處until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Wedidnotconsiderthequestionuntilhecame.Thevalueofhealthisnotesteemeduntilitislost.你要做完作業(yè)才能出去。③where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句(1)這是我藏鑰匙的地方。Thisistheplace_______________________________.(2)1963年我們搬到波士頓﹐我祖父母就住在那里。In1963wemovedtoBoston,__________________________________.(3)這是為數(shù)不多的幾個(gè)靠左行駛的國(guó)家之一。It’soneofthefewcountries_________________________________________.(4)請(qǐng)坐在我能看得見你的地方。_______________________________________where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句時(shí)表示“在某個(gè)地方”，wherever和everywhere也可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。where除表示地點(diǎn)外，還可以表示條件、對(duì)比和讓步等。

whereIhidthekeywheremygrandparentslivedwherepeopledriveontheleftPleasesitwhereIcanseeyou.④because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，語氣最強(qiáng)，所引導(dǎo)的從句是全句的重點(diǎn)所在。一般位于主句之后，加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，也可位于主句之前，述說直接原因，說明因果關(guān)系?？梢曰卮饂hy的問題。有時(shí)也表示間接的原因，用于推測(cè)性的理由，表示必然的因果推斷。(1)因?yàn)闆]有收到庫(kù)爾特（Kurt）的信，萊尼很不放心。Lannywasworried___________________________________.(2)他放棄了做廣告的工作，因?yàn)樘o張，他承受不了。Hegaveuphisjobinadvertising______________________________.(3)我現(xiàn)在必須走，因?yàn)橐晃慌笥颜却?。Imustgonow_____________________________________.

拓展1.because的前邊可以加上just，merely，only，simply等副詞，以加強(qiáng)語氣。2.for用作并列連詞引導(dǎo)的分句有時(shí)也表因果關(guān)系，與because-從句意義相同。所以一般情況下，表原因時(shí)for與because可以互換使用。becausehehadn’thadanyletterfromKurtbecausehecouldn’tstandthepacebecauseafriendofmineiswaitingforme⑤since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句(1)你既然這么說，我想這是真的。_____________________________,Isupposeitistrue.(2)既然我們還有幾分鐘時(shí)間等火車，我們就去喝杯咖啡吧。____________________________________________________,let’shaveacupofcoffee.(3)我永遠(yuǎn)都在減肥，因?yàn)槲液苋菀组L(zhǎng)胖。I’mforeveronadiet,_______________________________...(4)她掙的錢不夠自己一個(gè)人住，于是搬回去和她媽媽一起住了。_____________________________________________________________,shewentbacktolivewithhermother.since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示一種附帶的原因，或者表示已知的、顯然的理由，意為“既然”，引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句首。另外because，since，as和for均可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，because語氣最強(qiáng)，as所表示的理由最弱，重點(diǎn)在主句，for引導(dǎo)的從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只是提供了一些有助于說明情況的補(bǔ)充說明，且不可位于主句前。SinceshedidnotmakeenoughmoneytoliveinherownhousesinceIputonweighteasilySincewe’vegotafewminutestowaitforthetrainSinceyousayso話題語段拓展肆一、閱讀下面語段，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)[教材改編,譯林選必三U3P41]TheIndustrialRevolutionstartedinEnglandinthe18thcentury.Thefactorysystemwasone1changeoftheIndustrialRevolution.Thisbeganwithimprovementsintextile(紡織品)productioninnorthernEngland.Machinedesignswerereformedandthetextileoutput2considerably.Steampowerwasanotherimportant3.In1712,ThomasNewcomen4thefirstpracticalsteamengine.JamesWattthengreatlyimprovedNewcomen’sengine,makingitmore5forindustrialuseinthelate18thcentury.Throughfurtherimprovement,thesteamenginewaswidelyusedinfactoriesandtransporttopoweralltypesofmachines.1.A.fundamentalB.ancientC.puzzlingD.legal2.A.happened B.battled C.remained D.increased3.A.evidence B.change C.issue D.means4.A.achieved B.created C.sensedD.charged5.A.current B.military C.powerful D.suitable1.A工廠制度是工業(yè)革命的一個(gè)十分重大的變化。根據(jù)語境和常識(shí)可知,fundamental"十分重大的,根本的"符合語境,故選A。2.D機(jī)器設(shè)計(jì)被改良后,紡織品產(chǎn)量應(yīng)該是大大地提高了。故選D。3.B根據(jù)下文中的"Throughfurtherimprovement,thesteamenginewaswidelyused…machines"可知,蒸汽機(jī)被廣泛地用于工廠和交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng),給各種類型的機(jī)器提供動(dòng)力。由此可知,蒸汽動(dòng)力是另一個(gè)重要的變化。故選B。4.B根據(jù)常識(shí)和空后的first可知,此處指ThomasNewcomen發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)實(shí)用蒸汽機(jī),故選B。5.DJamesWatt隨后大大地改進(jìn)了Newcomen的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),使其更適合18世紀(jì)后期的工業(yè)使用。根據(jù)語境,應(yīng)選D。答案續(xù)寫提分素材

——環(huán)境描寫伍一、詞塊積累——寫出下列詞塊的漢語意思1.severeweather____________2.alight/gentlebreeze____________3.befullofdarkmassesofclouds____________4.clearup____________5.therainyseason____________6.pour(down)withrain____________7.berainingcatsanddogs____________8.intheheavy/pouring/blindingrain____________9.continuous/constantrain____________

10.thunderandlightning____________11.fierce/heavy/violentstorms____________12.astormynight____________13.flakesofsnow____________14.anicy/biting/bitterwind____________15.freezingcold____________16.beburiedinsnow____________17.becoveredwiththicksnow____________18.abrightmorning____________19.bebathedinsunshine____________

答案1.惡劣天氣2.輕風(fēng)/微風(fēng)3.烏云密布4.放晴5.雨季6.下大雨7.下傾盆大雨8.在大雨/傾盆大雨/茫茫大雨中9.連綿不斷的雨10.雷鳴電閃11.狂風(fēng)暴雨12.暴風(fēng)雨之夜13.雪花14.冰冷的風(fēng)/刺骨的風(fēng)/寒風(fēng)15.極冷的16.埋在雪中17.覆蓋著厚厚的積雪18.陽光燦爛的早晨19.沐浴在陽光里自然美景20.aseaofclouds____________21.thesongofbirds____________22.thesetting/risingsun____________/____________23.rapid/strongcurrents____________24.apeacefullake____________25.asteep-sidedvalley____________26.roughseas____________27.toweringwallsofrock____________28.astarrynight____________29.adense/thickforest____________30.awindingtrack

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31.amountaintrack____________32.comeintoflower____________33.alandscapeoflakesandhills____________34.invitingviews____________35.atthefootofthemountain____________36.alonelybeach____________37.rolldownthemountainside____________38.inavillageamongthehills____________39.behighinthesky____________40.roughandnarrowmountainroads____________41.runintothesea____________42.nestleatthefootofthehill____________答案20.云海21.鳥鳴22.落下的太陽/升起的太陽23.湍急的水流24.寧?kù)o的湖泊25.陡直的峽谷26.海浪洶涌27.高聳的巖壁28.繁星滿天的夜晚29.茂密的森林30.蜿蜒小道31.山間小路32.開始開花33.湖光山色34.誘人景色35.在山腳下36.人跡罕至的海灘37.順著山坡滾落下來38.在群山環(huán)抱的村莊里39.高掛在天空40.崎嶇狹窄的山路41.奔入海里42.坐落在小山腳下社會(huì)環(huán)境43.busystreets____________44.peoplecomingandgoing____________45.panickycrowds____________46.afloodofvehicles____________47.rowuponrowofnewhouses____________48.busyandcrowdedcities____________49.intheslightyellowlightofstreetlamps____________50.anabandonedhouse____________51.bedecoratedwith____________52.befulloffestiveatmosphere____________答案43.繁忙的街道44.人來人往45.恐慌的人群46.許多車輛47.一排又一排的新房子48.繁忙擁擠的城市49.微黃的路燈燈光下50.廢棄的房子51.裝飾有……52.充滿了節(jié)日氣氛二、句式表達(dá)——根據(jù)提示翻譯句子1.擁擠的車輛阻塞（block）了道路。_______________________________________________________________________2.令人尷尬的沉默籠罩（blanket）了整個(gè)房間。_______________________________________________________________________3.街上熙熙攘攘（benoisy），車水馬龍（befullofactivity）。_______________________________________________________________________4.一陣涼風(fēng)（acoolbreeze）吹（blow）過寂靜的公園。_______________________________________________________________________5.月亮在花園里撒下清輝（castabrightlight）。_______________________________________________________________________6.期待的人群（theexpectantcrowd）中突然響起了一聲咆哮（asuddenroar）。_______________________________________________________________________7.狂風(fēng)（thefiercewind）把這棵小樹折成了兩半。_______________________________________________________________________答案1.Heavytrafficblockedtheroad.2.Anawkwardsilenceblanketedtheroom.3.Thestreetswerenoisyandfullofactivity.4.Acoolbreezeblewthroughthequietpark.5.Themooncastabrightlightoverthegarden.6.Asuddenroarcamefromtheexpectantcrowd.7.Thelittletreewasbrokenintwobythefiercewind.8.寬闊的江面上，輪船來來往往（comeandgo），日夜不息（dayandnight）。_______________________________________________________________________9.隨著春天的到來，鮮花在溫暖的空氣中（inthewarmair）盛開（bloom）。_______________________________________________________________________10.旗幟在微風(fēng)中飄揚(yáng)（flyinthebreeze），增添了節(jié)日的特殊氣氛（thespecialatmosphereofthefestival）。_______________________________________________________________________11.藍(lán)色的海水向四面八方（ineverydirection）綿延到地平線（stretchtothehorizon），波濤拍打著（lapagainst）沙灘。_______________________________________________________________________12.他回去的路被堵住了，太陽開始下山（begintosink），因此他不得不在白雪覆蓋的（snow-covered）山谷里過夜。_______________________________________________________________________13.地上長(zhǎng)滿了嫩草（tendergrasses），草尖上的露珠（dewdrops）反射著（reflect）陽光。_______________________________________________________________________14.花兒在早春的微風(fēng)中搖曳（wave），鳥兒在歌唱(sing)，空氣中充滿了笑聲(befilledwithlaughter)。_______________________________________________________________________15.那是一個(gè)春天的清晨。太陽正從東方地平線升起（riseoutoftheeasternho