江蘇省揚州市揚大附中2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期聯(lián)考英語試卷（含解析）

2024-2025學(xué)年學(xué)年江蘇省揚州市揚大附中高一上學(xué)期聯(lián)考英語試卷（本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）第二部分閱讀理解(共三節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項AWanttoexperienceuniquerestaurantsintheworld?Goandhaveatry!IthaaRestaurant,theMaldivesIfyouwanttoenjoyaseaviewwhileyoueatbutarenotusedtobeinginaboat,youwillbeimpressedbytheIthaaRestaurantintheMaldives.Therestaurant,withanamethatmeans“pearl”inthelocaldialect,islocated15feetbeneaththesurfaceoftheIndianOcean.Asthefirstofitskindintheworld,itissurroundedbycoralreefsandotherunderwaterspecies,offeringdiners270-degreeunderwaterviews.Ofcourse,havingdinnerherewillcostyoualot,butitisdefinitelyworthit.GajumaruTreehouseDiner,JapanWhendeliciousfoodiscombinedwithnaturalbeauty,itmakesforanunforgettablediningexperience.TheGajumaruTreehouseDinerisarestaurantbuiltinabigtree,20feettall.Aftertravellingtothemaindininghallbyelevator,customerscanenjoyJapanesehotpot,shabu-shabu,whileoverlookingthecityandthebeautifulNahaHarborbeyond.ThelightsoftheportintheeveningmakeadinneratGajumaruevenmorewonderful,soitisgoodvalueforthemoney.Dinnerinthesky,BelgiumABrussels-basedmovingrestaurantisreadyforyoutodosomethingalittlemoreextremeatmealtimes.Ifyouarerichenoughtoaffordtheprices,acrane(吊車)willliftyouandother21customersandwaitersintothesky-l50feetabovetheground,whereyoucanenjoythehigh-endcuisine(烹飪)foracoupleofhours.Yourseatcanrotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))around180degreessothatyougetabird’seyeviewofthesurroundingscenery.Youmayfeelexcitedandalittlescared,butdoremembertofastenyourseatbeltanddon’tdropyourfork!Therestaurant’smobileformcaneventraveltoanydestinationintheworld—Paris,NewYorkorNiagaraFalls...1.WhereisGajumaruTreehouseDinerbuilt?A.Inthesky. B.Inatree.C.Inthesea. D.InNahaHarbor.2.HowmanypeoplealtogethercanbeintheskyinthemobilerestaurantinBelgium?A.21. B.22. C.30. D.33.3.Whatdothethreerestaurantshaveincommon?A.Theyareallexpensive. B.TheyareallhorribleC.Theyareallpopular. D.Theyarealleasytoreach.BNaturalDisastersRequireSpecialBuildingDesignNaturaldisastershappeneverywhereintheworld.Manycausepropertydamageandlossoflife.Butresearcherssaytheseverity(嚴(yán)重性)oftheireffectscanbereducedifpeopletakestepstoprepare.Anewexhibitteacheswhatgovernmentsandindividualscandotolessentheeffects.ChrysantheBroikosorganizedtheexhibitattheNationalBuildingMuseum.Shesayslargebuildingsandotherstructurescansurvivestrongearthquakesiftheyarebuiltwithsomelevelofflexibility.Inotherwords,theyneedtobeabletobendandmoveastheearthshakes.“Weneedtoletbuildingsmoveandwecanactuallyunderstandwheretheymightfail,andthengoinanddesignbuildingswiththatinmind.”O(jiān)nebuildingdesigniscalleda“specialmomentframe”.Itenablesmovementatpointswherelargeload-bearingsupportsjoineachother.Rubber-basedfoundationblocksletbuildingsmove,whilehugeshockabsorbers(緩沖器)helptolimittheshaking.Themuseumexhibithasamodelofawindwall.Themodelshowshowsomeroofsortopsofbuildingsaremorelikelytobedestroyedthanothersbecauseofthestrongwindsofhurricanes.ChrysantheBroikossaystestsshowthatareasonableangledroofisbestabletowithstandwindstorms.Inareaswithpowerfulwinds,researchershavestronglyurgedthecreationofatleastone“saferoom”.Thisisaplacewherebuildingoccupantscanspendthemostdangerouspartofthestorm.Anotherconcernishowtodealwithstormsandflooding.SomecoastalcommunitiesintheU.S.havemadeartificialreefsfromoysters(牡蠣)shellsinsteadofrocks.Thebuildersuseshellscollectedfromrestaurantstocreatethebarriers.ChrysantheBroikosalsosuggestssettingasidelandalongthecoastforparksinsteadofhousing.Shesaysthisismorenaturalandkeepsvaluablepropertyawayfromdanger.Asforforestfires,researchersnowsuggestclearinganareaabout60meterswidearoundasingle-familyhouse.“Whatthatmeansistryingtokeepthatareafreeofmaterialthateasilyburns.”4.WhatdoesChrysantheBroikosthinkaboutthebuildingsthatcansurvivestrongearthquakes?A.Theyshouldbefixedenough. B.Theirheightneedstobereasonable.C.Theirlocationisthemostimportant. D.Theyaremobileandbendable.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthethirdparagraphrefer?A.Lesseningtheeffects. B.Wheretheymightfail.C.Designingbuildings. D.Specialmomentframe.6.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemeasurestodealwithstormsandflooding?A.Don’tbuildhousesalongthecoast.B.Setasidelandforparkingcars.C.Makeartificialreefsfromrocks.D.Raiseoystersinlargenumber.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Differenttypesofnaturaldisasters.B.Preparationsfornaturaldisasters.C.Reactionstonaturaldisasters.D.Effectsofnaturaldisasters.CMostheroesarenotsuper.Theydon’tappearincomicbooks,ontelevision,orinmovies.Theyjustdowhattheybelieveneedstobedonetomaketheirworldabetterplace.BikeBatmanisoneofthem.BikeBatmanisa30-year-oldmarriedengineerwholivesinSeattle,Washington.He’sacyclistwhoalsobuysandsellsbikesasahobby.Aboutthreeyearsago,hewaslookingforabikeforhiswife.HefoundoneonCraigslist,awebsitewherepeoplelistthingstheywanttosell.Asheoftendoes,healsolookedatBikeIndex,apopularwebsitethatallowsuserstoregistertheirbikesandpostreportswhenthey’retaken.Thebike,whichhewasconsideringpurchasing,clearlymatchedonereportedstolenonBikeIndex.Thenhecalledthepersonwhoclaimedtobethebike’sownerandarrangedtomeethim---supposedlytocompletethesale.Whenthetwomenmet,BikeBatmantoldthethief,“you’vegottwooptions.Youcanwaituntilapoliceofficergetshere,oryoucanjustgetoutofhere.”Youcanimaginewhatthethiefdid.Afterthatfirstsuccess,BikeBatmandevelopedasaferroutine.WhenheseesquestionablebikeadsonCraigslist,hecross-referencestheimagewithbikesreportedonBikeIndex.Oncehehasconfirmeditwiththeowner,hearrangesameet-upwiththethiefandwillcalltheSeattlepolicedepartmentsothatofficerscanparticipateintheaction.Inmorethanhalfofthe22casesinwhichhehasgotbackandreturnedthebikes,thethieveshavebeenarrested.Inonecase,BikeBatmanevenhelpedafamilyrecoverawiderangeofprizedpossessionsthatsuspectshadstolenduringahomeburglary.HisnicknamecamefromadiscussionwithapoliceofficerwhosuggestedhebecalledRobinHood.Sincehewasn’texactlystealingfromtherichandgivingtothepoor,“Batman”seemedabetterfit.Theideaofasuperheropunishingcriminalsfeelsprettysillytohim,butthemainreasonhecontinueshisworkistokeepupSeattle’sreputationasafriendlycity.8.WhoisBikeBatman?A.Heisasuperhero B.Heisawebsitemanager.C.HeisaSeattlecitizen. D.Heisapoliceofficer.9.WhenBikeBatmandiscoversaquestionablebike,hewillfirst_______A.arrangetomeetthethief.B.contacttheownerofthestolenbike.C.lookupthebike’sinformation.D.callthepolicedepartment.10.BikeBatmanhelpsfindthelostbikesto_______A.buildafriendlycity. B.helppoorpeople.C.punishbikethieves. D.becomefamous.11.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatA.BikeBatmanfeltrelievedtoseethethievesarrested.B.thepolicefailedtoperformtheirduties.C.BickBatmanbeganhisgooddeedsbyaccident.D.thethievesrefusedtoreturnthebikes.DYoucan’talwayspredictaheavyrainorrememberyourumbrella.ButdesignerMikhailBelvaevdoesn’tthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultinyougettingwet.That’swhyhecreatedLampbrella,alamppostwithitsownrain-sensingumbrella.ThedesignersayshecameupwiththeideaafterwatchingpeoplegetwetonstreetsinRussia.“Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopy(傘篷)builtintoastreetlamp.”hesaid.TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfittedwithanumbrellacanopy.Ithasabuilt-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrellaondemand.Sensors(傳感器)thenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining.Inadditiontotherainsensor,there’salsoa360°motionsensoronthefiberglassstreetlampwhichdetectswhetheranyoneisusingtheLampbrella.Afterthreeminutesofnotbeingusedthecanopyisclosed.Accordingtothedesigner,theLampbrellawouldmoveatarelativelylowspeed,soasnottocauseharmtothepedestrians(行人).Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrompossiblelightningstrike.EachLampbrellawouldofferenoughshelterforseveralpeople.Beinginstalled(安裝)at2metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestofpedestrians.WhiletherearenoplanstotaketheLampbrellaintoproduction,BelvaevsaysherecentlyintroducedhiscreationtooneMoscowDepartment,andinsistshiscreationcouldbeinstalledonanystreetwherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.12.WhichofthefollowingshowshowtheLampbrellaworks?A.motor→canopy→sensors.B.motor→sensors→canopy.C.canopy→motor→sensors.D.sensors→motor→canopy.13.WhydidMikhailBelvaevcreateLampbrella?A.Toprotectpeoplefromtherain.B.Topredictaheavyrain.C.Tointroducealamppostwithitsownrain-sensingumbrella.D.Togainprofitsforhimself.14.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytellusabouttheLampbrella?A.Itsinstallation. B.Itsmovingspeed. C.Itssafety. D.Itsappearance.15Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?AThedesignerwillopenacompanytopromotehisproduct.B.Thedesignerisconfidentthathiscreationispractical.C.TheLampbrellacouldbeputintoimmediateproduction.D.TheLampbrellawouldbeputonshowinMoscow.第二節(jié)七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Don’tRuinHealthyEatingWhenYouTravelI’venoticedthat,aspeoplebecomemoreconsciousofhowfoodaffectstheirhealth,leavinghomecansometimespresentchallengesforthosewhowanttokeepeatingwell.Herearesomesimplewaystoeatadventurouslyandwellwhileyou’reenjoyingthebestmomentsofyourtrip:Planahead.Oftenwhenwe’retraveling,we’reoutofourroutineandaren’teatingatregularintervals.____16____Contrarytothepopularmyththatyoushouldholdoffeatingtosaveroomforabigmeal,goingforlongstretcheswithouteatingactuallycausesyourbodytobecometiredandhangontocalories.Packsnacksforeasyaccess:nuts,seeds,hard-boiledeggs,firmfruits.Don’tforgetthegrocerystore.Asupermarket,especiallyalocalone,canbeyourbestplacetogetsomethingtoeatwhiletraveling.____17____You’llfindawidervarietyofgreatfoodsthatarefreeoffat,dairy,andothercommonallergense(過敏素)atareasonablecost.Drinkmorewaterthanyounormallydo.____18____Walkingaroundalldayexpendsenergyanddehydrates(脫水)yourbody.Oftenpeopledrinkalcoholorsodaswithmeals,andthesearealsodehydrating.Drinkingmorethanyourusualeightglassesofwateradaywillkeepyouenergized,hydrateyourcellsandkeepyourskinglowing.Drinklessalcoholthaneveryonearoundyouisdrinking.Thiscanbechallenging,especiallyonbusinesstrips,wheredrinkingisafamiliarpastime.____19________20____Letyourselfhavetreats,andenjoythem-justkeepittoonceaday.Getthatgoodpieceofchocolatecake.Haveanextrahelpingofsteakfries.Orderthethingwithbutter,andloveeverysinglebite.Thenbedonewiththeless-than-healthyfood,andrememberthatyoualwayshaveanotherdayforthatonelittleindulgence(放縱).A.Justenjoythetreatsthatyoulike.B.Trythe“one-and-done”rule.C.Planesandhotelroomsaregenerallydry.D.Sometimeswecangoseveralhourswithouteatinganything.E.However,drinkingtoomuchcanleadtomoreunhealthyeating.F.You’llhaveeasy,cheapaccesstofreshproduceandhealthysnacks.GPlanningaheadoftimeallowsyoutocontrolwhatgoesintoyourbody.第三部分語言運用(共四節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AworldofpurethoughtStephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgifted____21____inphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwithimagesofhim____22____hiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimto____23____theuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,_____24_____agraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneral,thereweretwomain____25____ontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory,_____26_____holdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeand____27____.ThebiggestchampionofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.Duringthequestionandanswerperiod____28____oneofHoyle’slectures,Hawkingstoodupand____29____thatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhis____30____.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheory—was_____31_____.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomerswithtelescopes.Astarwasborn.So,whatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?____32____beingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.Hewas____33____tosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.____34____,hewasquitedetermined.Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,andhadhelpedhimevenmoreinhisfight____35____hisdisease.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.21.A.scientists B.teachers C.singers D.dancers22.A.from B.in C.at D.on23.A.losing B.lost C.tolose D.lose24.A.as B.with C.at D.on25.A.reasons B.wonders C.causes D.theories26.A.where B.who C.that D.which27.A.moment B.hours C.space D.place28.A.while B.after C.before D.as29.A.pointedout B.cameout C.setoff D.tookout30.A.maths B.chemistry C.Chinese D.English31.A.wrong B.fine C.ok D.true32.A.Exceptthat B.Except C.Apart D.Besides33.A.good B.willing C.nice D.well34.A.But B.Yet C.However D.Furthermore35.A.against B.for C.at D.by第二節(jié)短文填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wheredoyoustartifyouwanttowritea____36____(success)story？____37____(clear),whatyouneedfirstofallisanideawhichyoucandevelopintoastrongplot(情節(jié)).Butwheredoideaslikethiscomefrom?Theansweris"anywhereandeverywhere".Theymaycomefromsomething____38____hashappenedtoyouortosomeoneelse,fromanewspaper,____39____interestingpicture,orevenasong.It'sagoodidea____40____(keep)anotebooknearbysothatyoucanwritedownthedetailsofanyunusualthingswhichcatchyourimagination.Makeanoteofideasfortitlestoo,andanyspecialphrasesor____41____(description)thatyouthinkof.Asmalltaperecordercanprovevery____42____(use)forthispurpose.Somewritersevenkeeponebytheirbedincasetheywakeupinthe"ideaofthecentury".Anothermethodof____43____(develop)thestoryismakinguseofthecharactersthemselves.Whynottryputtingthreepeopleyouknowwellintoasituationsuchasawedding,wherefeelingsmaybeverystrong,andseewhat____44____(happen).Butdon'tmakethefinalcharacterstoomuchlikeyourAuntJaneorUncleJimoryoumayfind_____45_____(you)inrealtrouble.第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10，每空不限一詞)46.Iwasabouttosaysomething_____youinterruptedme,soIdon’twanttodiscussthistoday.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)47.Wheneverwehadtrouble,he________(come)tohelpus.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)48.Tina________(lie)onthegrassobservingstarswhenshewasyoung.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)49.English,aswellasChineseandmaths,_________(be)ofgreatimportance.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)50.Eitheryouoroneofyourclassmates________(be)toattendthesportsmeetingnextweek.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)51.Twentyyears________(stand)foralongperiodinone’slife.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)52.Itisreportedthatmanynewhouses____________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)53.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment________theylive.（適當(dāng)形式填空）54.Canyouthinkofasituation__________thiswordcanbeused.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）55.Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof________werepublishedinthe1990s.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）第四節(jié)單句填詞(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分，所有空填寫正確才得分)根據(jù)所給漢語句子，在空格里填上合適的詞，使整個句子句意完整，語法正確，每空一詞。56.她在廟墻外看到的苦難與貧困給她留下了深刻的印象。Thesufferingandpovertyshesawoutsidethewallsofthetempleleft______________________________her.57.我從來沒有想過我會陷入一個肥皂劇，但是這個真是太棒了！IneverthoughtIgot______________________________asoapopera,butthisoneisjustsogood!58.我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個舊照片在整理我的桌子，這使我想起我快樂的童年。Icameacrossanoldphotowhiletidyingupmydesk,which_________________________________myhappychildhood.59.我從沒學(xué)過跳舞，因為我笨手笨腳。IneverlearntodancebecauseIhave_________________________________.60.中國傳統(tǒng)燈籠經(jīng)常裝飾有中國書法、繪畫和剪紙。TraditionalChineselanterns________often___________________Chinesecalligraphy,paintingsandpapercutting.61.我的假期一點也不輕松，因為我的酒店正在建設(shè)中。Myvacationwas_____________________relaxing,formyhotelwasbeingbuilt.62.他們一到，客人們受到了經(jīng)理的禮貌歡迎。_____________________________，theguestsweregreetedpolitelybythemanager.63.沒人知道明天有什么在等待著我們。Nooneknowswhatlies________________forustomorrow.64.本學(xué)期，我們學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供了許多選修課，這些課程吸引了很多學(xué)生。Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursesforthestudents,which______________manystudents.65.老師的及時鼓勵對學(xué)生很重要。Timelyencouragementfromateacheris________________________his/herstudents.第四部分應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)66.假如你是李華，一名高中學(xué)生。針對現(xiàn)代社會中，中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日越來越被忽視的情況，學(xué)校安排你以學(xué)生會的名義向全校師生發(fā)出倡議：推廣中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。請根據(jù)內(nèi)容提示，完成一則英語倡議書。1.推廣中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的重要性；2.列舉學(xué)校推廣中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的做法；3.向全校師生發(fā)出倡議。寫作要求：1.詞數(shù)80左右。2.可以適當(dāng)增加情節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearfellowstudents,TraditionalChinesefestivalsareofgreatimportance________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents’Union答案版【答案】1.B2.B3.A【1題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GajumaruTreehouseDiner,Japan部分的“TheGajumaruTreehouseDinerisarestaurantbuiltinabigtree,20feettall.(Gajumaru樹屋餐廳是一家建在20英尺高的大樹上的餐廳)”可知，Gajumaru樹屋餐廳建在樹上。故選B?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dinnerinthesky,Belgium部分的“Ifyouarerichenoughtoaffordtheprices,acrane(吊車)willliftyouandother21customersandwaitersintothesky-l50feetabovetheground,whereyoucanenjoythehigh-endcuisine(烹飪)foracoupleofhours.(如果你足夠富有，可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起價格，起重機將把你和其他21名顧客和服務(wù)員送到離地面150英尺的高空，在那里你可以享受幾個小時的高端美食)”可知，你和其他21名顧客可以同時就餐。由此可知，在比利時的這家空中移動餐廳里，總共能坐22人。故選B?！?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)IthaaRestaurant,theMaldives部分中的“Ofcourse,havingdinnerherewillcostyoualot,butitisdefinitelyworthit.(當(dāng)然，在這里吃晚餐會花很多錢，但絕對是值得的)”，GajumaruTreehouseDiner,Japan部分的“ThelightsoftheportintheeveningmakeadinneratGajumaruevenmorewonderful,soitisgoodvalueforthemoney.(晚上港口的燈光使Gajumaru的晚餐更加精彩，所以物有所值)”及Dinnerinthesky,Belgium部分的“Ifyouarerichenoughtoaffordtheprices(如果你足夠富有，可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起價格)”可推知，這三家餐廳都很貴。故選A?！敬鸢浮?.D5.B6.A7.B【4題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shesayslargebuildingsandotherstructurescansurvivestrongearthquakesiftheyarebuiltwithsomelevelofflexibility.Inotherwords,theyneedtobeabletobendandmoveastheearthshakes.(她說，大型建筑和其他結(jié)構(gòu)如果在建造時具有一定程度的靈活性，就可以在強震中幸存下來。換句話說，它們需要能夠在地震時彎曲和移動)”可知，ChrysantheBroikos認(rèn)為可移動和可彎曲的建筑能在強震中幸存下來。故選D項。【5題】詞句猜測題。分析劃線單詞，可知是代詞，代指前文提到的人或事，根據(jù)第三段“Weneedtoletbuildingsmoveandwecanactuallyunderstandwheretheymightfail,andthengoinanddesignbuildingswiththatinmind.(我們需要讓建筑移動，這樣我們才能真正了解它們可能會在哪里倒塌，然后在設(shè)計建筑時考慮到這一點)”可知，that代指的是“它們可能會在哪里倒塌”。故選B項?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Anotherconcernishowtodealwithstormsandflooding.SomecoastalcommunitiesintheU.S.havemadeartificialreefsfromoystersshellsinsteadofrocks.Thebuildersuseshellscollectedfromrestaurantstocreatethebarriers.ChrysantheBroikosalsosuggestssettingasidelandalongthecoastforparksinsteadofhousing.(另一個問題是如何應(yīng)對風(fēng)暴和洪水。美國的一些沿海社區(qū)用牡蠣殼代替巖石制作了人工珊瑚礁。建造者使用從餐館收集的貝殼來建造屏障。ChrysantheBroikos還建議將沿海的土地留作公園而不是住宅)”可知，ChrysantheBroikos建議不要沿著海岸建房子。故選A項?！?題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Naturaldisastershappeneverywhereintheworld.Manycausepropertydamageandlossoflife.Butresearcherssaytheseverityoftheireffectscanbereducedifpeopletakestepstoprepare.(自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生在世界各地。許多事故造成財產(chǎn)損失和生命損失。但研究人員表示，如果人們做好準(zhǔn)備，其影響的嚴(yán)重程度可以降低)”可知，這篇文章主要講的是為自然災(zāi)害作準(zhǔn)備。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?.C9.C10.A11.C【8題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“BikeBatmanisa30-year-oldmarriedengineerwholivesinSeattle,Washington.(BikeBatman是一個30歲的已婚工程師，住在華盛頓州的西雅圖)”可知，BikeBatman是西雅圖的一名市民。故選C?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“WhenheseesquestionablebikeadsonCraigslist,hecross-referencestheimagewithbikesreportedonBikeIndex.(當(dāng)他在Craigslist網(wǎng)站上看到有問題的自行車廣告時，他會把圖片和BikeIndex網(wǎng)站上登記的自行車相互對照)”可知，當(dāng)BikeBatman發(fā)現(xiàn)有問題的自行車時，他會先在BikeIndex網(wǎng)站上查找自行車的信息。故選C?！?0題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Theideaofasuperheropunishingcriminalsfeelsprettysillytohim,butthemainreasonhecontinueshisworkistokeepupSeattle’sfameasafriendlycity.(他覺得一個超級英雄懲治罪犯的想法有點愚蠢，但他繼續(xù)工作的主要原因是保持西雅圖作為友好城市的聲譽。)”可知，BikeBatman幫助尋找丟失的自行車是為了建立一個友好的城市。故選A?！?1題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二、三段內(nèi)容可知，大約三年前，BikeBatman在為妻子找一輛自行車，他在Craigslist網(wǎng)站上找到了一輛，他還查看了BikeIndex網(wǎng)站，發(fā)現(xiàn)他正在考慮購買的自行車顯然是一輛被盜的自行車，后來聯(lián)系小偷歸還了自行車，由此可知，他是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣可以幫助找回被盜的自行車，所以BikeBatman的善行是偶然開始的。故選C。【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【12題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfittedwithanumbrellacanopy.Ithasabuilt-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrellaondemand.Sensorsthenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining.(‘傘燈’是一種外形標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的路燈，上面裝有傘篷。它有一個內(nèi)置的電動馬達(dá)，可以根據(jù)需要打開或關(guān)閉雨傘。傳感器會確保雨傘在開始下雨時為行人提供庇護(hù))”可知，傳感器感知下雨，然后電動馬達(dá)控制傘篷的開合，故三者的排列關(guān)系是傳感器→馬達(dá)→傘篷。故選D?！?3題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopybuiltintoastreetlamp.’hesaid.(有一次，我開車行駛在圣彼得堡市中心的街道上，看到路燈照亮了試圖躲避雨水的人們。我覺得在路燈里裝一個傘篷會很合適。他說)”可知，MikhailBelyaev發(fā)明雨水感應(yīng)式路燈傘是為了下雨時讓行人避雨。故選A?！?4題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“soasnottocauseharmtothepedestrians.Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrompossiblelightningstrike.(這樣就不會對行人造成傷害。此外，它將被接地以防止可能的雷擊)”及“Beinginstalledat2metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestofpedestrians.(安裝在距離地面2米的地方，它只會對最高的行人造成危險)”可知，本段主要描述了這種傘的安全性。故選C。【15題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“insistshiscreationcouldbeinstalledonanystreetwherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.(堅持認(rèn)為，他的發(fā)明可以安裝在任何行人多但沒有遮蔽處的街道上)”可知，設(shè)計者認(rèn)為他的發(fā)明可以安裝在行人多但無遮擋的街道上，由此可知設(shè)計者對自己的發(fā)明充滿信心，認(rèn)為它很實用。故選B?！敬鸢浮?6.D17.F18.C19.E20.B【16題】上文“Oftenwhenwe’retraveling,we’reoutofourroutineandaren’teatingatregularintervals.(當(dāng)我們旅行時，我們經(jīng)常會打亂常規(guī)，不定期進(jìn)食。)”可知上文在講述旅行時會打亂常規(guī)，飲食不規(guī)律；下文“Contrarytothepopularmyththatyoushouldholdoffeatingtosaveroomforabigmeal,goingforlongstretcheswithouteatingactuallycausesyourbodytobecometiredandhangontocalories.(與流行的說法相反，你應(yīng)該推遲吃東西來為一頓大餐留出空間，長時間不吃東西實際上會使你的身體變得疲勞，并持續(xù)保持熱量。)”可知在講述飲食不規(guī)律的危害；選項D“Sometimeswecangoseveralhourswithouteatinganything.(有時我們可以幾個小時不吃東西)”可知這也是在講述飲食不規(guī)律的現(xiàn)象，承接了上文，引出了下文對于飲食不規(guī)律危害的描述，故選項D符合題意；故選D項?！?7題】上文“Asupermarket,especiallyalocalone,canbeyourbestplacetogetsomethingtoeatwhiletraveling.(超市，尤其是當(dāng)?shù)氐某校悄懵眯袝r吃東西的最佳去處。)”可知講述了當(dāng)?shù)爻惺锹眯袝r買食物的最佳去處；下文“You’llfindawidervarietyofgreatfoodsthatarefreeoffat,dairy,andothercommonallergense(過敏素)atareasonablecost.(你會發(fā)現(xiàn)各種各樣的好食物，不含脂肪、奶制品和其他常見的過敏素，而且價格合理。)”可知列舉了可供選擇的價格合理一些食物；選項F“You’llhaveeasy,cheapaccesstofreshproduceandhealthysnacks.(你可以方便、便宜地買到新鮮的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品和健康的零食)”可知在講述能方便、便宜地買到好的食品，承接了上文所述的當(dāng)?shù)爻惺锹眯袝r買東西吃的最佳去處，表明了當(dāng)?shù)爻械姆奖阈院蛢r格的合理性，同時引出下文對于具體食品類型的列舉，故選項F符合題意；故選F項。【18題】上文“Drinkmorewaterthanyounormallydo.(比平時多喝水。)”可知在講述要比平時多喝水；下文“Walkingaroundalldayexpendsenergyanddehydrates(脫水)yourbody.(整天走動會消耗能量，讓你的身體脫水。)”可知在講述需要多喝水的原因；選項C“Planesandhotelroomsaregenerallydry.(飛機和酒店房間通常是干燥的。)”可知也是在講述旅行時要比平時多喝水的原因，這與下文同樣是對于上文所提的結(jié)論的解釋，故選項C符合題意；故選C項?！?9題】本段標(biāo)題“Drinklessalcoholthaneveryonearoundyouisdrinking.(喝的酒要比你周圍的人喝的少。)”可知本段主要講的就是要少喝酒；上文“Thiscanbechallenging,especiallyonbusinesstrips,wheredrinkingisafamiliarpastime.(這可能很有挑戰(zhàn)性，尤其是在商務(wù)旅行中，喝酒是一種常見的消遣方式。)”可知在講述少喝酒恐怕很有挑戰(zhàn)性；選項E“However,drinkingtoomuchcanleadtomoreunhealthyeating.(然而，喝太多會導(dǎo)致更多不健康的飲食。)”可知在講述喝太多酒的壞處，與本段主旨相符，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，強調(diào)喝太多酒的壞處，故選項E符合題意；故選E項?！?0題】下文“Letyourselfhavetreats,andenjoythem-justkeepittoonceaday.Getthatgoodpieceofchocolatecake.Haveanextrahelpingofsteakfries.Orderthethingwithbutter,andloveeverysinglebite.Thenbedonewiththeless-than-healthyfood,andrememberthatyoualwayshaveanotherdayforthatonelittleindulgence(放縱).(讓自己吃點東西，好好享受它們——每天只吃一次。拿那塊好巧克力蛋糕。再來一份牛排薯條。要一點帶黃油的菜，每一口都很美味。那就別再吃那些不健康的食物了，記住你總有一天可以放縱一下自己)”可知本段主要講述了可以吃自己喜歡的東西，但是每天只能吃一次；選項B“Trythe“one-and-done”rule.(嘗試做一次)”表述與本段主旨相符，強調(diào)可以吃，但是每天只能吃一次，可以作為本段標(biāo)題；故選B項。【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.D26.D27.C28.B29.A30.A31.D32.D33.B34.D35.A【21題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金是物理學(xué)界最著名、最有天賦的科學(xué)家之一。A.scientists科學(xué)家；B.teachers教師；C.singers歌手；D.dancers舞蹈演員。根據(jù)下文“Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,”可知，斯蒂芬·霍金是科學(xué)家。故選A?！?2題】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人都熟悉他坐在輪椅上，無法移動，用電腦說話的畫面。A.from從……起；B.in在……中；C.at在……時；D.on在……上。根據(jù)下文“hiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.”可知，此處表示霍金無法移動，坐在輪椅上，inone’swheelchair表示“坐在輪椅上”。故選B?！?3題】考查非謂語動詞。句意：自從他得了一種疾病，導(dǎo)致他失去了大部分肌肉的功能，他的世界就變成了一個抽象的思想世